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EP0480975B1 - Alliage intermetallique, sa fabrication et son emploi - Google Patents

Alliage intermetallique, sa fabrication et son emploi Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0480975B1
EP0480975B1 EP90910657A EP90910657A EP0480975B1 EP 0480975 B1 EP0480975 B1 EP 0480975B1 EP 90910657 A EP90910657 A EP 90910657A EP 90910657 A EP90910657 A EP 90910657A EP 0480975 B1 EP0480975 B1 EP 0480975B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
weight
alloys
intermetallic
chromium
silicon
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP90910657A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0480975A1 (fr
Inventor
Günter MARCI
Helmut Mangers
Johannes Eschweiler
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Deutsches Zentrum fuer Luft und Raumfahrt eV
Original Assignee
Deutsches Zentrum fuer Luft und Raumfahrt eV
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Deutsches Zentrum fuer Luft und Raumfahrt eV filed Critical Deutsches Zentrum fuer Luft und Raumfahrt eV
Publication of EP0480975A1 publication Critical patent/EP0480975A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0480975B1 publication Critical patent/EP0480975B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
    • C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
    • C22C1/026—Alloys based on aluminium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
    • C22C1/04—Making non-ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
    • C22C1/0408—Light metal alloys
    • C22C1/0416—Aluminium-based alloys
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
    • C22C21/02—Alloys based on aluminium with silicon as the next major constituent

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to intermetallic alloys composed of the main components aluminum, chromium and silicon, which are subjected to a special heat treatment, a process for their production and their use as a structural material, in particular at temperatures up to 720 K, or as a protective layer for other structural materials.
  • the present alloys can be used for turbine and aircraft parts, housings for high-performance electrical batteries, pistons and connecting rods for gasoline and diesel engines, and as cladding for spacecraft.
  • From DE-OS 23 33 198 aluminum alloys are known which can contain up to 12% silicon and 3 to 15% chromium, which solidify by a special process and are then compressed in the range from 200 to 500 ° C.
  • intermetallic alloys which predominantly consist of several intermetallic phases or intermediate phases, already have good ductility.
  • the present invention is therefore based on the object of providing intermetallic alloys composed of the main components aluminum, chromium and silicon.
  • the present invention thus relates to intermetallic alloys with an approximate SiCrAl7 composition with a predominant proportion of the structure comprising one or more intermetallic or intermediate phases 8 to 12% by weight of silicon, 15 to 20% by weight of chromium, 64 to 72% by weight aluminum, including the usual accompanying elements, 0 to 5% by weight of one or more additional alloying elements selected from silver, magnesium, vanadium, nickel and copper, and 0 to 1% by weight of one or more additional alloying elements selected from beryllium, boron, cerium, titanium and yttrium, the sum of the% by weight of the elements mentioned being 100%. producible by heat treatment of the alloys at temperatures above 820 ° C.
  • the alloys according to the invention have high strength and rigidity combined with good corrosion resistance.
  • the alloys according to the invention are intermetallic alloys which are to be distinguished from supersaturated mixed crystal alloys obtained by rapid solidification.
  • the special mechanical properties are obtained by the precipitation of small amounts of the smallest crystal structures (intermetallic compounds) in supersaturated mixed crystals.
  • the special properties of the alloys according to the invention are based solely on the properties of the intermetallic phase (s). If mixed crystals above 820 K are nevertheless contained in the alloys according to the invention after the heat treatment, these small amounts of finely divided admixture are of no great importance for the mechanical properties of the alloy.
  • the alloys according to the invention have a specific weight between 3.0 and 3.3 g / cm 3.
  • the alloys according to the invention consist either of 19.6% by weight Cr, 10.7% by weight Si, 2% by weight Ni and 0.6% by weight Cu, balance Al, or from 18.8% by weight Cr, 10.1% by weight Si and 3.9% by weight Ag, balance Al.
  • the light metal alloys according to the invention consist of 19.3% by weight Cr, 10.4% by weight Si, the rest Al.
  • the present invention further relates to a process for the preparation of the alloys described above, which is characterized in that the alloys initially solidify quickly after melting to form a fine crystalline structure and this structure is then subjected to a heat treatment at a temperature above 820 K.
  • the fine crystalline structure is transformed into a structure consisting predominantly of several intermetallic phases or intermediate phases. Heating and cooling rates are only of minor importance in the heat treatment according to the invention.
  • the alloys are initially quickly solidified after melting, for example by air atomization or plasma spray. After rapid cooling, the fine-grained structure consists of supersaturated mixed crystals and intermetallic phases with a low number of atoms.
  • the rapidly solidified alloys are compacted and processed by the known methods.
  • the heat treatment is carried out in a temperature range from 820 K to 900 K.
  • the quantitative and qualitative composition of the intermetallic phases or intermediate phases present in the temperature range described above after the heat treatment are influenced by the choice of the temperature and the heat treatment duration for a given chemical composition. Rapidly solidified particles can be further processed after compacting using known methods.
  • the heat treatment time is between 30 and 300 minutes.
  • the treatment can be carried out in one or more stages.
  • the choice of the method for rapid solidification from the molten state has a comparable influence.
  • the proportion of supersaturated mixed crystals and their degree of supersaturation as well as the proportion of intermetallic phases with a low number of atoms after solidification can be influenced here.
  • the choice of the method for rapid solidification and the chosen heat treatment will depend on the desired properties and economic considerations.
  • the present invention relates to the use of the intermetallic alloys described above as a structural material, in particular for use at temperatures up to 720 K, and to the use of the intermetallic alloys according to the invention as a protective layer on other structural materials, again in particular for use at temperatures up to 720 K.
  • Fig. 1 shows the structure at 100 times magnification in the as-cast state.
  • Fig. 2 and 3 show the structure after the heat treatment described above.
  • Fig. 2 shows the structure in 100x magnification and
  • Fig. 3 shows the structure in 1000x magnification.
  • the light metal alloy After the heat treatment, the light metal alloy has the following mechanical properties at room temperature and at 350 ° C ( ⁇ 623 K):

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Metal Powder And Suspensions Thereof (AREA)
  • Turbine Rotor Nozzle Sealing (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Alloys Or Alloy Compounds (AREA)
  • Powder Metallurgy (AREA)

Abstract

Des alliages intermétalliques de composition approximative SiCrAl7, dans laquelle une proportion prépondérante de la microstructure se compose d'une ou de plusieurs phases intermétalliques ou de phases intermédiaires renfermant 8 à 12 % en poids de silicium, 15 à 20 % en poids de chrome, 64 à 72 % en poids d'aluminium, y compris les éléments d'accompagnement usuels, 0 à 5 % en poids d'un ou de plusieurs éléments d'alliage additionnels choisis parmi l'argent, le magnésium, le vanadium, le nickel et le cuivre, et 0 à 1 % en poids d'un ou de plusieurs éléments d'alliage additionnels choisis parmi le béryllium, le bore, le cérium, le titane et l'yttrium, peuvent être fabriqués par traitement thermique des alliages à des températures supérieures à 820°C. Leur fabrication et leur utilisation sont également décrites.

Claims (11)

  1. Alliages intermétalliques ayant pour composition approximative SiCrAl₇, avec une proportion prédominante de la structure formée d'une ou plusieurs phases intermétalliques ou phases intermédiaires, contenant :
       8 à 12 % en poids de silicium,
       15 à 20 % en poids de chrome,
       64 à 72 % en poids d'aluminium,
       y compris les impuretés habituelles,
       0 à 5 % en poids d'un ou plusieurs éléments supplémentaires d'alliage, choisis parmi l'argent, le magnésium, le vanadium, le nickel et le cuivre, et
       0 à 1 % en poids d'un ou plusieurs autres éléments supplémentaires d'alliages, choisis parmi le béryllium, le bore, le cérium, le titane et l'ytrium,
    la somme des pourcentages en poids des éléments cités formant 100 %,
    que l'on peut préparer par un traitement de chauffage des alliages à des températures supérieures à 820°K.
  2. Alliage selon la revendication 1, consistant en :
       10,4 % en poids de silicium,
       19,3 % en poids de chrome et
       70,3 % en poids d'aluminium
    (composition:SiCrAl₇).
  3. Alliage selon la revendication 1, consistant en :
       10,7 % en poids de silicium,
       19,6 % en poids de chrome,
       2 % en poids de nickel,
       0,6 % en poids de cuivre,
    le reste étant de l'aluminium.
  4. Alliage selon la revendication 1, consistant en :
       10,1 % en pooids de silicium,
       18,8 % en poids de chrome,
       3,9 % en poids d'argent,
    le reste étant de l'aluminium.
  5. Alliage métallique léger selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que la proportion prédominante de la structure consiste pour plus de 70 % en plusieurs phases intermétalliques ou phases intermédiaires.
  6. Préparation d'alliages selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisée en ce qu'après la fusion, on laisse tout d'abord refroidir rapidement les alliages avec formation d'une structure cristalline fine et l'on soumet ensuite cette structure à un traitement de chauffage à une température supérieure à 820 K .
  7. Procédé selon la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce qu'on solidifie rapidement les alliages, après la fusion, tout d'abord par insufflation d'air ou projection d'un plasma.
  8. Procédé selon les revendications 6 ou 7, caractérisé en ce qu'on soumet les alliages rapidement refroidis à un compactage effectué selon les procédés connus en eux-mêmes et à la suite de leur traitement.
  9. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 6 à 8, caractérisé en ce qu'on effectue le traitement de chauffage des alliages à des températures comprises entre 820 K et 900 K.
  10. Utilisation d'alliages selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 5, ou des alliages obtenus selon l'une quelconque des revendications 6 à 9 comme matériau structurel, en particulier pour une utilisation à des températures allant jusqu'à 720 K.
  11. Utilisation d'alliages selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 5 ou des alliages obtenus selon les revendications 6 à 9 comme couche protectrice pour d'autres matériaux de structure, notamment pour une utilisation dans l'intervalle des températures allant jusqu'à 720 K.
EP90910657A 1989-07-01 1990-06-29 Alliage intermetallique, sa fabrication et son emploi Expired - Lifetime EP0480975B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3921709 1989-07-01
DE3921709A DE3921709A1 (de) 1989-07-01 1989-07-01 Leichtmetallegierung, ihre herstellung und verwendung

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0480975A1 EP0480975A1 (fr) 1992-04-22
EP0480975B1 true EP0480975B1 (fr) 1994-03-02

Family

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP90910657A Expired - Lifetime EP0480975B1 (fr) 1989-07-01 1990-06-29 Alliage intermetallique, sa fabrication et son emploi

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0480975B1 (fr)
AU (1) AU6040590A (fr)
DE (2) DE3921709A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO1991000370A1 (fr)

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2333198A1 (de) * 1972-06-30 1974-01-31 Alcan Res & Dev Verbesserungen bei aluminiumlegierungen (sprueh-guss)
FR2287467A1 (fr) * 1974-10-10 1976-05-07 Eurane Europ Polyurethan Produits mixtes a base de mousses de polyurethane

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2967351A (en) * 1956-12-14 1961-01-10 Kaiser Aluminium Chem Corp Method of making an aluminum base alloy article
FR1187467A (fr) * 1957-12-04 1959-09-11 Procédé de fabrication d'alliages d'aluminium

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2333198A1 (de) * 1972-06-30 1974-01-31 Alcan Res & Dev Verbesserungen bei aluminiumlegierungen (sprueh-guss)
FR2287467A1 (fr) * 1974-10-10 1976-05-07 Eurane Europ Polyurethan Produits mixtes a base de mousses de polyurethane

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3921709A1 (de) 1991-01-10
DE59004828D1 (de) 1994-04-07
AU6040590A (en) 1991-01-17
EP0480975A1 (fr) 1992-04-22
WO1991000370A1 (fr) 1991-01-10

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