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EP0319535B1 - Dispositif desintegrateur de dechets - Google Patents

Dispositif desintegrateur de dechets Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0319535B1
EP0319535B1 EP87905161A EP87905161A EP0319535B1 EP 0319535 B1 EP0319535 B1 EP 0319535B1 EP 87905161 A EP87905161 A EP 87905161A EP 87905161 A EP87905161 A EP 87905161A EP 0319535 B1 EP0319535 B1 EP 0319535B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
crushing
rollers
shredding
comminution
roller
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP87905161A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP0319535A1 (fr
Inventor
Anton Unterwurzacher
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Individual
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Individual
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Publication date
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Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP0319535A1 publication Critical patent/EP0319535A1/fr
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C18/00—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments
    • B02C18/0084—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments specially adapted for disintegrating garbage, waste or sewage
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C18/00—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments
    • B02C18/06—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives
    • B02C18/14—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives within horizontal containers
    • B02C18/142—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives within horizontal containers with two or more inter-engaging rotatable cutter assemblies
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C18/00—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments
    • B02C18/06—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives
    • B02C18/14—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives within horizontal containers
    • B02C2018/147—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives within horizontal containers of the plural stage type

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for comminuting waste with a housing having a filling opening, in which at least four horizontally intermeshing comminuting rollers are arranged symmetrically to a vertical center plane, each consisting of a plurality of comminuting disks arranged at an axial distance from one another on a drive shaft and offset on the circumference
  • Have fangs which preferably have cutting edges in both directions of rotation, the inner pair of comminution rollers having opposite directions of rotation, and the peripheral speeds increase with increasing distance from the central plane.
  • a device with four comminution rollers is known from DE-A-2451168. This shows four crushing rollers lying in one plane, whose directions of rotation change each time. There is no crushing effect between the two middle crushing rollers, since they rotate from bottom to top in the engagement area. Shredding therefore only takes place between a middle and an outer shredding roller. Only after reversing in the event of a blockage do the two middle rollers shred, however the two outer tear mechanisms are deactivated. According to DE-A-2451168, only two cutting furrows or tearing mechanisms are therefore achieved with four comminution rollers.
  • a single pair of comminution rollers acts together on the inlet side with a pair of clearing rollers, which prevents the material particles that are too coarse, which do not pass through the sieve plate and are taken up by the comminution rollers on the outside back into the filling chamber To block the space between the disks so that they are fed to the center of the crushing roller during the further processing operations.
  • the amount of throughput is limited to the performance of the pair of comminution rollers, which can remain essentially constant due to the stagnation and blockages.
  • FR-A-2 533 144 describes a device for comminuting waste with four comminution rolls arranged in pairs one above the other, with curved sieve plates corresponding to the rolls also being assigned only to the two lower comminution rolls, so that the other two rolls have the function of clearing rolls. These clearing rollers are driven in the opposite direction to the associated shredding rollers.
  • a comminution device with six rollers is shown in AT-B-359 812.
  • the upper single coarse comminution roller pair is followed by four intermeshing fine comminution rollers arranged in a square.
  • the throughput depends on the performance of the coarse shredding rollers with the problems mentioned above.
  • the invention has now set itself the task of creating a device of the type mentioned, which has an improved shredding performance without increasing the outlay on equipment.
  • each shredding roller is assigned on the outlet side a sieve plate which is curved parallel to its circumference.
  • the embodiment according to the invention does not merely double the throughput, but rather increases this (almost tripling), since in addition to the central main shredder, which is formed in a known manner by the central shredding rollers, at least one secondary shredder is formed on both sides is.
  • Four shredding rollers result in three shredding units, six shredding rollers, five shredding units, etc.
  • the additional shredding effect of the secondary shredding units is achieved by the higher speed of the outer shredding rollers, which also have a clearing effect.
  • the material crushed by the middle pair, but not passing through the sieve bottom, is brought up again on the outside, where it is primarily fed to the secondary shredders, so that the middle main shredder is mainly used for coarse shredding or remains reserved for it.
  • the secondary shredding units can also perform proportionate coarse shredding work.
  • the increased speed which is made possible by the less effort required for secondary shredding, increases performance.
  • the material that has been sufficiently shredded by the secondary shredders passes through the sieve trays assigned to the outer shredding rollers, and the rest of the material that is conveyed upwards on the outside again reaches the secondary shredders.
  • the outer shredding rollers each have twice the number of fangs per shredding disk and twice the peripheral speed of the inner shredding rollers. For example, speeds of 18 to 20 revolutions per minute for the middle shredding roller pair and speeds of 35 to 40 revolutions per minute for one outer shredding roller each have proven themselves, whereby a third shredding roller could be driven at about 60 to 80 revolutions per minute. Due to the low peripheral speed of the inner shredding rollers, only a few fangs are necessary. For example, is a crushing whale 28 cm, the peripheral speed is about 30 cm per second. For this purpose, it has proven to be advantageous if each inner comminution roller consists of comminution disks, each of which has a fang.
  • each shredding disk of the first shredding roller adjoining the outside has two fangs and each shredding disk of a third shredding roller has four fangs on each side.
  • the diameters of all comminution rollers are preferably of the same size, and each comminution roller has, for example, twelve comminution disks.
  • the shredding disks of the inner shredding rollers could also have a double tooth, in particular stepped in height, instead of a single tooth, so that their cutting edges follow one another, for example, at a distance of three to four centimeters.
  • the drive of the shredding rollers is reversible to avoid overloading the motor due to jamming or wedging, whereby fangs with cutting edges in both directions of rotation not only lead to the release of wedged material but also to shredding, since every inner shredding roller does not only move into the second inner one , but also engages in an outer shredding roller.
  • the drives of the shredding rollers are advantageously individually reversible and, if necessary, the speed can also be changed. Especially when the direction of rotation is reversed, a further increase in the size reduction rate is achieved if the housing has on each side a cutting bar which interacts with the fangs of the outermost size reduction roller.
  • a favorable compromise is preferably achieved, that the common axial plane of the two shredding rollers on each side of the central plane rises outward at an angle of approximately 20 ° to the horizontal.
  • FIG. 1 shows a vertical section through a first embodiment of a device according to the invention and FIG. 2 shows a partial vertical section through a further embodiment.
  • the device has a housing 1 which is provided with an upper filling opening 2.
  • drive shafts are mounted symmetrically to a vertical center plane 4, each of which is equipped with a comminution roller 5, 6, which is composed of comminution disks 8 provided with fangs 9 and 10, respectively.
  • the shredding disks 8 are arranged axially at a distance from one another which corresponds to the width of a shredding disk 8, wherein they are each offset axially by the disk width and mesh with one another.
  • the two shredding rollers 5 of the inner pair form a main tearing mechanism 14 and rotate in opposite directions, so that the waste filled in via the filling opening 2 is mainly passed between the shredding disks 8 of the rollers 5 and thereby shredded.
  • a grid or sieve plate 13 which has openings corresponding to the desired size of the comminuted material particles. Since the shredding of the waste, depending on the type of material and the opening width of the sieve plate 13, initially leads to a larger amount of material particles which do not fall through the sieve openings, in particular when shredding cardboard boxes, plastic waste, etc., and because such material in particular can also wedge or jam between the shredding disks 8, an outer shredding roller 6 is arranged symmetrically to the vertical center plane 4 in a bulge of the housing 1. These take over the material that does not pass through the sieve trays 13 and guide it up again to the side of the filling opening 2.
  • the post-shredded material is guided downwards again and falls through the sieve trays 13 with the appropriate size, whereby not yet comminuted particles are conveyed up a second time and fed to the secondary shredder 15.
  • the secondary shredders 15 thereby essentially keep the main shredder 14 free from secondary shredding work, which is thus capable of a significantly increased shredding rate.
  • the outer comminution rollers 6 are also able to loosen material jamming in the inner comminution rollers 5.
  • Each of the two outer comminution rollers 6 shown in the drawings could be assigned a further externally adjoining comminution roller, as a result of which two further secondary tear units are created.
  • the inner shredding units 6 have a low peripheral speed, which is preferably around 30 cm / sec.
  • the low peripheral speed enables the introduction of high tearing forces with the help of massive fangs 9, 10. Since these are circumferentially offset on the shredding roller 5, for example arranged helically or even randomly, one fender 9, 10 is sufficient for each shredding disc 8, which can also be replaced by a tooth Height graded double tooth can be formed.
  • each ripper tooth 9 has cutting edges 11 on one side, so that its ripping action occurs only in the normal direction of rotation shown by arrows.
  • the outer comminution rollers 6, which have to exert lower forces for the secondary comminution in the two secondary shredding units 15, are driven at higher, preferably approximately twice the peripheral speeds.
  • the lower force loading allows an increase in the number of fangs 9, 10, which is preferably approximately proportional to the increased peripheral speed. In the exemplary embodiment, therefore, two fangs 9, 10 are provided per outer comminution disk 6.
  • the higher peripheral speed and the increased number of ripping teeth also produce a tearing effect in the secondary tear mechanism 15 if the direction of rotation of the inner comminution rollers 5 is reversed for the release of wedged material in the event of a possible overloading of the main tear mechanism 14.
  • FIG. 2 which otherwise has the same design, shows only modified fangs 10 on all shredding rollers 5, 6.
  • the fangs 10 are effective there on both sides and are provided with cutting edges 11, so that comminution work is carried out in each of the three tearing mechanisms 14, 15 in any case even when the direction of rotation of each comminution roller 5, 6 is reversed.
  • the direction of rotation of one or all of the comminution rollers 5, 6 can be reversed not only in the event of a wedging of material, but more often over more than one revolution for better attack on the material.
  • the four comminution rollers 5, 6 are provided in a concave arrangement on the filling opening side, i.e. the outer crushing rollers 6 are slightly higher.
  • An axial plane through an outer and inner comminution roller 6, 5 can rise at an angle a of preferably 20 ° to the horizontal.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Crushing And Pulverization Processes (AREA)

Abstract

Dans le carter (1) du dispositif sont disposés quatre cylindres broyeurs (5, 6) horizontaux, symétriques par rapport à un plan moyen vertical (4). Chacun des disques broyeurs (8), disposés avec un écartement axial sur un arbre moteur (7), présente sur sa périphérie des dents (9, 10) qui engrènent mutuellement, de façon qu'une paire de cylindres broyeurs (14) soit disposée au milieu de deux cylindres broyeurs (15) latéraux. Les deux cylindres broyeurs du milieu (5) ont un sens de rotation opposé et le sens de rotation des autres cylindres broyeurs (6), disposés latéralement, correspond au sens de rotation du cylindre (5) du milieu. Les vitesses périphériques des cylindres broyeurs (6) externes sont de préférence à peu près le double de celles des cylindres du milieu (5). Au-dessous de chaque cylindre broyeur (5, 6) est prévu un tamis perforé courbé (13).

Claims (4)

1. Dispositif destiné au déchiquetage des déchets, comportant un corps (1) présentant un orifice de remplissage, dans lequel quatre rouleaux de déchiquetage (5, 6) sont disposés horizontalement, symétriquement à un plan vertical médian (4), en s'engageant les uns dans les autres, lesquels sont constitués chacun par plusieurs disques de déchiquetage (8) disposés sur un arbre d'entraînement (7) avec un écart axial entre eux et présentent sur la périphérie des dents décalées destinées à déchirer (9, 10) qui présentent des arêtes de coupe (11) de préférence dans les deux sens de rotation, la paire intérieure de rouleaux de déchiquetage (5) présentant des sens de rotation opposés, les rouleaux de déchiquetage (5, 6) situés de chaque côté du plan médian (4) tournant dans le même sens et la vitesse de rotation des rouleaux de déchiquetage extérieurs (6) étant dans chaque cas supérieure à celle des rouleaux de déchiquetage intérieurs (5), caractérisé par le fait que du côté de la sortie de chacun des rouleaux de déchiquetage (5, 6), est disposé un fond (13) de tamisage, qui est courbe et parallèle à leur périphérie.
2. Dispositif selon la revendication 1, caractérisé par le fait que les rouleaux de déchiquetage extérieurs (6) présentent chacun un nombre double de dents destinées à déchirer (9) par disque de déchiquetage (8), et une vitesse de rotation double, par rapport aux rouleaux de déchiquetage intérieurs (5).
3. Dispositif selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé par le fait que le plan axial commun des rouleaux de déchiquetage (5, 6) est en pente ascendante vers l'extérieur en présentant un angle d'environ 20° par rapport à l'horizontale:
4. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé par le fait que le corps (1) présente de chaque côté une bande de coupe (12) qui coopère avec les dents destinées à déchirer (9, 10) des rouleaux de déchiquetage (6) situés le plus vers l'extérieur.
EP87905161A 1986-08-19 1987-08-12 Dispositif desintegrateur de dechets Expired - Lifetime EP0319535B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT222086A AT390212B (de) 1986-08-19 1986-08-19 Vorrichtung zum zerkleinern von abfall
AT2220/86 1986-08-19

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0319535A1 EP0319535A1 (fr) 1989-06-14
EP0319535B1 true EP0319535B1 (fr) 1990-11-07

Family

ID=3530260

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP87905161A Expired - Lifetime EP0319535B1 (fr) 1986-08-19 1987-08-12 Dispositif desintegrateur de dechets

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0319535B1 (fr)
AT (1) AT390212B (fr)
DE (1) DE8718067U1 (fr)
WO (1) WO1988001201A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0623055A1 (fr) * 1992-01-29 1994-11-09 UNTERWURZACHER PATENTVERWERTUNGSGESELLSCHAFT mbH Dispositif de broyage
IT1269525B (it) * 1994-03-10 1997-04-08 Satrind Srl Apparecchio sminuzzatore a rulli rotanti dotato di lamiere non forate ad arco coassiali ai rulli
AUPP220498A0 (en) * 1998-03-05 1998-04-02 Forress Pty Ltd Screening apparatus
AUPR955101A0 (en) * 2001-12-11 2002-01-24 Medivac Technology Pty Limited Improved compact waste treatment apparatus
AU2005207665B2 (en) * 2004-01-30 2009-06-04 Mmd Design & Consultancy Limited Rotating mineral breaker
CA2476194C (fr) 2004-07-30 2010-06-22 Suncor Energy Inc. Dispositif de traitement du minerai a crible-classeur a rouleaux
DE102006005017B3 (de) * 2006-02-03 2007-10-18 ThyssenKrupp Fördertechnik GmbH Mehrwalzenbrecher
CN102513195A (zh) * 2011-12-29 2012-06-27 一重集团大连设计研究院有限公司 一种生活垃圾破袋机
CN112774813B (zh) * 2020-12-04 2023-02-10 合肥工业大学智能制造技术研究院 一种基于机械力化学法酚醛塑料粉碎专用设备及粉碎方法
CN118238316B (zh) * 2024-05-09 2024-10-29 英瑞特再生资源科技(连云港)有限公司 一种破旧渔网撕碎机

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AT359812B (de) * 1977-07-04 1980-12-10 Moco Masch & Apparatebau Zerkleinerungsanlage

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3490706A (en) * 1967-09-05 1970-01-20 Roy H Rogers Waste pulverizer
US3656697A (en) * 1970-06-11 1972-04-18 David J Nelson Tire pulverizer
DE2362620A1 (de) * 1973-12-17 1975-06-19 Moco Masch & Apparatebau Vorrichtung zum zerkleinern von abfall mit zueinander parallelen, ineinander greifenden und gegeneinander drehenden zerkleinerungswerkzeugen besetzten, reversierbaren wellenpaaren
DE2451168C2 (de) * 1974-10-28 1986-03-13 Werner 6104 Seeheim Schwarz Vorrichtung zum Zerkleinern von Abfall
US4385732A (en) * 1980-08-29 1983-05-31 Williams Robert M Waste material breaking and shredding apparatus
AT375842B (de) * 1982-07-27 1984-09-10 Hasenbichler Christian Vorrichtung zum zerkleinern von abfall
DE3234485A1 (de) * 1982-09-17 1984-03-22 Karl 8332 Massing Ackermann Zerkleinerungsvorrichtung fuer abfall

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AT359812B (de) * 1977-07-04 1980-12-10 Moco Masch & Apparatebau Zerkleinerungsanlage

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE8718067U1 (de) 1993-07-08
WO1988001201A1 (fr) 1988-02-25
AT390212B (de) 1990-04-10
ATA222086A (de) 1989-09-15
EP0319535A1 (fr) 1989-06-14

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