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EP0300064B1 - Creuset de haut fourneau - Google Patents

Creuset de haut fourneau Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0300064B1
EP0300064B1 EP87110277A EP87110277A EP0300064B1 EP 0300064 B1 EP0300064 B1 EP 0300064B1 EP 87110277 A EP87110277 A EP 87110277A EP 87110277 A EP87110277 A EP 87110277A EP 0300064 B1 EP0300064 B1 EP 0300064B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
lining
blast furnace
tuyeres
furnace hearth
inlays
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP87110277A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0300064A1 (fr
Inventor
Uwe Dr. Bongers
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Sigri GmbH
Original Assignee
Sigri GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Sigri GmbH filed Critical Sigri GmbH
Priority to DE8787110277T priority Critical patent/DE3769472D1/de
Priority to ES87110277T priority patent/ES2018128B3/es
Priority to AT87110277T priority patent/ATE62710T1/de
Priority to EP87110277A priority patent/EP0300064B1/fr
Publication of EP0300064A1 publication Critical patent/EP0300064A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0300064B1 publication Critical patent/EP0300064B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
    • C21B7/00—Blast furnaces
    • C21B7/04—Blast furnaces with special refractories
    • C21B7/06—Linings for furnaces

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the frame of a blast furnace for the production of pig iron with a lining made of refractory bricks, layered inserts arranged in the lining, which limit the thermal expansion of the lining, wind molds let into openings in the lining and a tank surrounding the lining.
  • the refractory bricks used to line blast furnaces for the production of pig iron are subject to particularly high demands because of the high working temperatures, which are around 1300 to 1400 ° C in the frame, and the corrosive and erosive effects of pig iron and slag and volatile accompanying substances. It is known to increase the service life of the lining by using particularly resistant refractory materials, such as carbon and graphite stones, by cooling the lining and also by constructive measures that limit the mechanical load. This applies particularly to the frame that is heavily loaded, which is also provided with several openings which are exposed to larger temperature and mass fluctuations. There are tap holes in the lower part of the frame, through which pig iron and slag are periodically removed from the furnace, and wind molds in the upper part.
  • the lining materials When blowing on a newly lined blast furnace, the lining materials expand, the amount depending on the maximum temperature and the type of refractory material.
  • the radial expansion of the lining is usually absorbed by flexible ramming or filling compounds that fill the gap between the lining and the furnace shell.
  • a free expansion in the vertical direction is not possible or only possible to a very limited extent, since the lining is interspersed with numerous internals, such as the wind forms, which are non-positively connected to the tank.
  • considerable compressive and shear stresses arise in the lining, with local temperature fluctuations also tensile stresses, which can lead to the destruction and disruption of the refractory lining.
  • the cooling devices of the molds can also be damaged by displacements and distortions of the wind molds. Escaping water vapor quickly destroys the fireproof lining around the molds and all repair efforts are usually unsuccessful as long as there is a leak in the cooling device. If there is a large loss of coolant, the wind form itself is immediately destroyed.
  • the vertical expansion of the lining could be prevented or at least limited by flexible layers of mortar that are introduced into the horizontal joints between the refractory bricks.
  • Mortar layers of this type are not sufficiently corrosion-resistant. They are preferably attacked by molten iron, slag and other fluid substances such as alkalis and are often the cause of an insufficient lifespan of the furnace lining. One tries therefore to make the joints as thin as possible.
  • DE-OS 22 21 639 it is finally known to insert filler or intermediate plates between at least some of the refractory stones forming the lining, which soften when the infeed is heated and deform plastically. The associated decrease in thickness is such that the thermal expansion of the refractory lining is essentially absorbed.
  • the thin sheets are not suitable for absorbing changes in length of the lining and reducing thermal stresses.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object of compensating for the vertical expansion of the frame infeed with means which do not impair the resistance of the lining in contact with corrosive substances.
  • the object is achieved according to the invention with a lining of the type mentioned at the outset, which consists of alternating layers of graphite foil and metal sheets and covered with copper foils and attached to the furnace shell, which abut the wind molds.
  • the compressible inlays introduced into the fireproof lining of the frame consist of graphite foils, which are expediently combined to form a laminate of greater thickness, in alternating storage with metal sheets.
  • Graphite foils are obtained from graphite intercalation compounds, e.g. Graphite bisulfate; which are decomposed by heating.
  • the resulting graphite particles, which are expanded in a harmonic shape, are processed on roller mills or die presses to form foils and laminated bodies that are largely flexible and can be shaped like sheet metal.
  • the bulk density of the films and of the laminates formed from a plurality of films can be adapted to the respective application within wide limits.
  • Deformability and compressibility in the density range 0.5 to 1.5 g / cm3 are particularly favorable.
  • the maximum compression is about 50%, with foils and laminates with a lower bulk density a little more, with a larger bulk density a little less.
  • the inlays contain, in addition to graphite foils, metal sheets, in particular sheets made of copper or copper alloys, which serve a dual purpose. They divide the graphite foils into several layers of smaller thickness, which are less easily deformed by shear flow than thicker layers.
  • the deposits accordingly consist of alternating sequences of graphite foils and graphite plates.
  • the metal sheets are provided in a preferred embodiment with openings, for example bores or irregularly shaped openings, in which the graphite foils are anchored.
  • the thickness of the graphite foils should always be greater than the thickness of the adjacent sheets, so that a graphite layer between two sheets is retained even with large deformations and flow losses.
  • the metal sheets in the inserts also reduce the temperature due to their high thermal conductivity.
  • the inserts in the frame lining reduce heat and the effect of corrosive substances is considerably less than on neighboring zones of higher temperature.
  • a copper foil which envelops the insert and seals in particular against water vapor that can escape from leaks in the cooling devices of the wind molds, also serves to reduce the corrosive attack.
  • the refractory stones below the inserts are also protected. Lowering the temperature is also necessary for the durability and functionality of the copper foil, which, as explained above, is achieved by alternating the storage of graphite foils and metal sheets.
  • the copper foil extends over the gap between the lining and the furnace shell and is attached to the shell so that fluid substances cannot penetrate into the space between the lining and the shell and can possibly destroy the lining.
  • the compressible inlays lie against the wind forms and at least partially enclose them.
  • the inserts absorb the expansion of the frame lining and at the same time seal the lining against the wind forms. Water vapor escaping from leaks cannot penetrate the lining and destroy the refractory bricks. Because of the good deformability of the inserts, relative movements between the lining and the wind molds are also possible without the molds being damaged.
  • the inserts are arranged in the form of a closed ring in the mold bed in contact with the wind molds. In this embodiment too, the lining of the frame is shielded from the wind form.
  • the lining of the frame preferably consists of carbon stones, semigraphite stones or graphite stones, which are briefly referred to here as carbon stones.
  • the blast furnace shown in Fig. 1 contains the foundation 1 on which several layers 2 of refractory stones, e.g. Graphite stones and carbon stones are bricked up.
  • the wall lining 3 of the frame which preferably also consists of carbon stones, is built up on the layers 2.
  • Wind forms 4 lie on the lining, which form a closed circular ring and to which furnace linings 5 surrounding the lining are fastened.
  • the gap between the armor 5 and the frame lining 3 is filled with a flexible ramming compound 6.
  • the compressible inserts 7 are arranged in contact with the wind molds 4, which absorb the thermal expansion of the frame lining, so that relative movements between wind molds and tanks do not occur during operation of the furnace.
  • the structure of the insert is shown in Fig. 2. It consists of a stack of graphite foil, which are combined to form a plate-shaped laminate 8 in alternating storage with copper sheets 9.
  • the compression of the graphite foil is essentially proportional to the applied compressive stress and is a maximum of approximately 50% of the original thickness.
  • the copper sheets 9 are provided with openings 10 into which the foils flow and are held at high pressures.
  • the stack is enclosed by the copper foil 11, which extends through the ramming mass 6 to the furnace shell 5 and is connected to the shell, for example by welding.
  • the copper foil 11 essentially serves as a seal which protects the insert 7, the frame lining 3 and the ramming mass 6 against water vapor which can escape from the cooling system of the windform 4.
  • a crust (not shown) of solidified melt forms on the end face of the insert 7, which protects the insert from infiltration and corrosion.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Blast Furnaces (AREA)
  • Cookers (AREA)
  • Electric Stoves And Ranges (AREA)
  • Furnace Housings, Linings, Walls, And Ceilings (AREA)

Claims (7)

  1. Creuset de haut-fourneau pour produire de la fonte, avec un revêtement de briques réfractaires, avec des couches disposées dans le revêtement qui limitent la dilatation thermique du revêtement, avec des tuyères logées dans des interruptions ou percements du revêtement et une armature qui entoure le revêtement, caractérisé en ce que les couches sont constituées de couches alternées de films de graphite et de tôles métalliques enveloppantes en forme de plaques, fixées à l'armature et reposent sur les tuyères.
  2. Creuset de haut-fourneau selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les couches entourent les tuyères, au moins en partie.
  3. Creuset de haut-fourneau selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'on dispose les couches en-dessous des tuyères dans un plan en forme d'axe de cercle.
  4. Creuset de haut-fourneau selon les revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que les couches sont disposées en deux plans qui se recouvrent.
  5. Creuset de haut-fourneau selon les revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce qu'on munit les tôles métalliques des couches d'interruptions.
  6. Creuset de haut-fourneau selon les revendications l à 5, caractérisé en ce que l'épaisseur des films de graphite est supérieure à l'épaisseur des tôles métalliques.
  7. Creuset de haut-fourneau selon les revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé en ce que le revêtement est constitué de briques de carbone.
EP87110277A 1987-07-16 1987-07-16 Creuset de haut fourneau Expired - Lifetime EP0300064B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE8787110277T DE3769472D1 (de) 1987-07-16 1987-07-16 Hochofengestell.
ES87110277T ES2018128B3 (es) 1987-07-16 1987-07-16 Crisol de alto horno.
AT87110277T ATE62710T1 (de) 1987-07-16 1987-07-16 Hochofengestell.
EP87110277A EP0300064B1 (fr) 1987-07-16 1987-07-16 Creuset de haut fourneau

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP87110277A EP0300064B1 (fr) 1987-07-16 1987-07-16 Creuset de haut fourneau

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0300064A1 EP0300064A1 (fr) 1989-01-25
EP0300064B1 true EP0300064B1 (fr) 1991-04-17

Family

ID=8197130

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP87110277A Expired - Lifetime EP0300064B1 (fr) 1987-07-16 1987-07-16 Creuset de haut fourneau

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0300064B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE62710T1 (fr)
DE (1) DE3769472D1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2018128B3 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7744811B2 (en) 2004-12-30 2010-06-29 Sgl Carbon Se Furnace expansion joint with compressible graphite joint filler and manufacturing method

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101438118B (zh) * 2006-04-03 2011-09-28 新日本制铁株式会社 回转炉床炉的炉床结构
CN108728666B (zh) * 2018-07-25 2023-09-22 河南中原黄金冶炼厂有限责任公司 一种压盖式冶炼炉

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1240101B (de) * 1964-10-17 1967-05-11 Didier Werke Ag Hochofenschachtwand
NL170870C (nl) * 1971-05-03 1983-01-03 Koninklijke Hoogovens En Staal Werkwijze voor het vuurvast bekleden van ovenwanden en een aldus vervaardigde metallurgische schachtoven.
DE2240886A1 (de) * 1972-08-19 1974-02-28 Sigri Elektrographit Gmbh Verfahren zur verlaengerung der standzeit eines hochofenschachts
NL168612C (nl) * 1975-09-17 1982-04-16 Estel Hoogovens Bv Schachtoven met een vuurvaste bekleding welke vrije koolstof bevat.

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7744811B2 (en) 2004-12-30 2010-06-29 Sgl Carbon Se Furnace expansion joint with compressible graphite joint filler and manufacturing method

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES2018128B3 (es) 1991-12-01
ATE62710T1 (de) 1991-05-15
ES2018128A4 (es) 1991-04-01
DE3769472D1 (de) 1991-05-23
EP0300064A1 (fr) 1989-01-25

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