EP0399010A1 - Papier-, karton- oder pappenartiger werkstoff und verfahren zu dessen herstellung. - Google Patents
Papier-, karton- oder pappenartiger werkstoff und verfahren zu dessen herstellung.Info
- Publication number
- EP0399010A1 EP0399010A1 EP89912436A EP89912436A EP0399010A1 EP 0399010 A1 EP0399010 A1 EP 0399010A1 EP 89912436 A EP89912436 A EP 89912436A EP 89912436 A EP89912436 A EP 89912436A EP 0399010 A1 EP0399010 A1 EP 0399010A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- cationic
- material according
- inorganic
- fibers
- weight
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 12
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 title abstract 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 70
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 125000002091 cationic group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 150000001720 carbohydrates Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 239000012784 inorganic fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 125000000129 anionic group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- -1 cationic carbohydrate Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000011111 cardboard Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000011164 primary particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000008394 flocculating agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 235000014633 carbohydrates Nutrition 0.000 claims description 38
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 38
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000000123 paper Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 150000007529 inorganic bases Chemical class 0.000 claims description 10
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 9
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000440 bentonite Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910000278 bentonite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N bentoquatam Chemical compound O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011256 inorganic filler Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Al+3] WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910003475 inorganic filler Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002557 mineral fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000005995 Aluminium silicate Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000012211 aluminium silicate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910021486 amorphous silicon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- DIZPMCHEQGEION-UHFFFAOYSA-H aluminium sulfate (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Al+3].[Al+3].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O DIZPMCHEQGEION-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004061 bleaching Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010440 gypsum Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052602 gypsum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920002401 polyacrylamide Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000945 Amylopectin Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920002748 Basalt fiber Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920002134 Carboxymethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000926 Galactomannan Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920002873 Polyethylenimine Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumane Chemical class [AlH3] AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000004645 aluminates Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- ANBBXQWFNXMHLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum;sodium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Na+].[Al+3] ANBBXQWFNXMHLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007900 aqueous suspension Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000001768 carboxy methyl cellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000010948 carboxy methyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000008112 carboxymethyl-cellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000003856 quaternary ammonium compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001388 sodium aluminate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004408 titanium dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010947 wet-dispersion method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- OMDQUFIYNPYJFM-XKDAHURESA-N (2r,3r,4s,5r,6s)-2-(hydroxymethyl)-6-[[(2r,3s,4r,5s,6r)-4,5,6-trihydroxy-3-[(2s,3s,4s,5s,6r)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]methoxy]oxane-3,4,5-triol Chemical compound O[C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@@H]1OC[C@@H]1[C@@H](O[C@H]2[C@H]([C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O2)O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)O1 OMDQUFIYNPYJFM-XKDAHURESA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 235000010216 calcium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 claims 1
- SHFGJEQAOUMGJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N dialuminum dipotassium disodium dioxosilane iron(3+) oxocalcium oxomagnesium oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O--].[O--].[O--].[O--].[O--].[O--].[O--].[O--].[Na+].[Na+].[Al+3].[Al+3].[K+].[K+].[Fe+3].[Fe+3].O=[Mg].O=[Ca].O=[Si]=O SHFGJEQAOUMGJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000010451 perlite Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 235000019362 perlite Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 235000010215 titanium dioxide Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 239000010455 vermiculite Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052902 vermiculite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 235000019354 vermiculite Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 235000014692 zinc oxide Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005189 flocculation Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000016615 flocculation Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000011087 paperboard Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000003311 flocculating effect Effects 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 7
- 244000007835 Cyamopsis tetragonoloba Species 0.000 description 4
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000002657 fibrous material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920003043 Cellulose fiber Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000013065 commercial product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicic acid Chemical compound O[Si](O)(O)O RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 2
- 244000037364 Cinnamomum aromaticum Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000014489 Cinnamomum aromaticum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920000877 Melamine resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001807 Urea-formaldehyde Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920006320 anionic starch Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000008346 aqueous phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010425 asbestos Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010427 ball clay Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021538 borax Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000711 cancerogenic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 231100000315 carcinogenic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008119 colloidal silica Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001609 comparable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010924 continuous production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011152 fibreglass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910010272 inorganic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011147 inorganic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012774 insulation material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011490 mineral wool Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004745 nonwoven fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000019422 polyvinyl alcohol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000019353 potassium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052895 riebeckite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003566 sealing material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004328 sodium tetraborate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010339 sodium tetraborate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H21/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its function, form or properties; Paper-impregnating or coating material, characterised by its function, form or properties
- D21H21/50—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its function, form or properties; Paper-impregnating or coating material, characterised by its function, form or properties characterised by form
- D21H21/52—Additives of definite length or shape
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H13/00—Pulp or paper, comprising synthetic cellulose or non-cellulose fibres or web-forming material
- D21H13/36—Inorganic fibres or flakes
Definitions
- the invention relates to a paper, cardboard or cardboard-like material with a very high proportion of inorganic constituents, namely inorganic fibers and inorganic particulate additives, i.e. of fillers and pigments.
- Paper-like materials are known from EP-A-0 109 782 and EP-A-0 027 705, which contain inorganic fibers, such as glass fibers or mineral wool fibers, inorganic particulate fillers, such as clay and bentonite, and hydrolyzed starch as an organic binder.
- inorganic fibers such as glass fibers or mineral wool fibers
- inorganic particulate fillers such as clay and bentonite
- hydrolyzed starch as an organic binder
- DE-A-26 06 487 discloses a process for the continuous production of moldings which contain inorganic fibers, a silica sol and anionic starch. However, these molded parts do not contain any inorganic particulate
- GB-A-21 27 867 discloses a low-density fiber material which contains inorganic fibers, inorganic fillers and a high proportion of cationic guar.
- the inorganic fillers are standard fillers that are used in relatively small quantities.
- Borax is also added to precipitate the guar onto the inorganic fibers.
- a fibrous sheet material which contains inorganic fibers in a matrix made of plastic clay (ball clay).
- the material may also contain bentonite to regulate the rate of drainage.
- Hydrolyzable starch is used as the binder.
- the material also contains a relatively high proportion of cellulose fibers.
- the invention has for its object to provide a paper, cardboard or cardboard-like material that is non-flammable on the one hand and on the other hand has high strength and flexibility and is easy to process. These properties were previously incompatible, i.e. For the production of fiber materials with high strength and flexibility and with good processability, a relatively high proportion of organic fibers was previously considered necessary, which naturally increased the flammability.
- the invention proposes paper, cardboard or cardboard-like materials containing inorganic fibers, inorganic particulate additives and organic binders or flocculants, which are characterized in that
- particulate inorganic additives make up up to 40 to 80% by weight of the material
- Particle size of ⁇ 2 microns and not more than 20 wt .-% have a particle size of> 20 microns on the one hand and ⁇ 0.5 microns on the other hand, and (2.2) an anionic flake-forming active pigment, of which at least 50% by weight has a primary particle size of ⁇ 2 ⁇ m, is composed,
- the organic flocculant is a cationic polymeric carbohydrate with an average molecular weight of 100,000 to 2,000,000 and a degree of substitution of 0.01 to 0.3 and in an amount of 0.5 to 6% by weight on the dry matter of the material, and that
- the materials according to the invention are not flammable. They meet the requirements of DIN 4102, class A. Because of their good strength properties, the materials according to the invention, like paper, cardboard and cardboard, can easily be processed further on the basis of cellulose fibers. The production of the materials can be done on the usual paper,
- particle inorganic additives are not fibrous additives, since the length of the fibers is generally of the order of millimeters lies.
- Particle size means the largest dimension of a particle, which is important, for example, in the case of flattened particles.
- the particles of the anionic flake-forming active pigment sometimes show a tendency to form larger agglomerates.
- the particle size is understood to mean the size of the primary particles.
- the improvement in the strength properties is probably due to the fact that the anionic flake-forming active pigment and the cationic polymeric carbohydrate accumulate on the one hand on the inorganic fibers and on the other hand on the inorganic particulate base fillers.
- the basic filler particles settle on the fiber surfaces and in this way prevent the inorganic fibers, which are inherently smooth, from sliding against one another, as a result of which a non-slip fiber fleece is obtained.
- Inorganic fibers are not able to develop strengths neither by hydrogen bonding nor by crosslinking in combination with shrinkage, as is the case with vegetable fibers.
- the strength of a sheet of purely inorganic fibers is based on an "adhesion" of the individual fibers to one another at the fiber contact points with the aid of organic binders. Because of the low flexibility of inorganic fibers, such a nonwoven fabric has only relatively few fiber-fiber contact points, and the retention of organic binders during dewatering in the conventional papermaking process is extremely low. The finished product is therefore of low strength.
- the base fillers used according to the invention can be based on their surface size and structure, as well as on their
- Flocculant is evenly distributed. This is only possible with a suitably designed flake.
- the flocculation is controlled according to the invention with the aid of the flake-forming active pigments. Owing to their anionic charge potential, these can shift the flocculation point and, moreover, contribute to a good distribution of the latter by forming a microfloc together with the cationic carbohydrate.
- the anionic flake-forming active pigments can also close defects in the filler-filler and fiber-filler composite.
- reaction mechanism described illustrates that this is a very complex system in which synergistic effects can also occur.
- the individual components of the materials according to the invention - that is to say fibers, basic filler, anionic flake-forming active pigment and cationic carbohydrate - must therefore be exactly matched to one another with regard to the type and amount added.
- An object of the invention is to provide fiber-containing materials in which the potentially carcinogenic asbestos fibers are replaced by fibers that are harmless to health. These include glass fibers, mineral fibers, silica fibers, basalt fibers and / or aluminum oxide fibers.
- the thickness and length of the inorganic fibers can vary within wide ranges. Preferably at least 80% of the inorganic fibers have a length in the range of about 1 to 6 mm. Mixtures of inorganic fibers which differ from one another in terms of composition, length and thickness can also be used. There are also no restrictions with regard to the particulate inorganic base fillers.
- Some of these basic fillers such as gypsum and bleaching earth, give off crystal water or adsorption water when heated and thus have a fire-retardant effect.
- Calcium carbonate which emits carbon dioxide at higher temperatures, has a comparable effect.
- the content of inorganic base fillers is generally 35 to 75% by weight. -%, preferably 55 to 70 Gaw. -%, based on the dry matter of the material.
- the inorganic base filler preferably has 35 to 99% by weight. -% a particle size of ⁇ 2 microns and not more than 10 wt .-% a particle size of> 20 microns.
- the anionic flake-forming active pigment is preferably aluminum hydroxide, bentonite or colloidal amorphous SiO 2 .
- the content of active pigments is generally about 1 to 15, preferably 2 to 10,% by weight, based on the dry matter of the material.
- an anionic colloidal amorphous SiO 2 is used , this is preferably used in the form of a 30-40% aqueous dispersion.
- Anionic silica sols which are obtained by contacting a dilute water glass solution with an acidic cation exchanger and aging the sol obtained are preferably used. They are dispersed in an alkaline medium that reacts with the silicon dioxide surface and creates a negative charge there. Because of the negative charge bump into each other the particles mutually and thus stabilize the product.
- Suitable commercial products are available, for example, under the name Ludox (trademark of the Du Pont company), although other products can also be used.
- aluminum hydroxide is used as the active pigment, this can be prepared in statu nascendi from an alkali aluminate and an acid, preferably from sodium aluminate and sulfuric acid, or from an aluminum salt and alkali, preferably from aluminum sulfate and sodium hydroxide solution.
- bentonite is used as the active pigment, swellable alkali bentonite is preferred.
- Additives and the cationic polymeric carbohydrate are preferably chosen so that there is no excess charge so that an optimal flake is formed.
- Preferred polymeric carbohydrates are cationic starch, cationic amylopectin, cationic galactomannans (e.g. guar or cassia) and / or cationic carboxymethyl cellulose.
- the carbohydrates can be cationized in a manner known per se by quaternizing the optionally hydrolyzed starting carbohydrates with quaternary ammonium compounds. However, the carbohydrates can also be cationized after the dry cationization process. Cationic polyvinyl alcohols can also be added to the cationic carbohydrates.
- the polymeric cationic carbohydrate content is generally 1 to 5% by weight, preferably 1 to 3% by weight, based on the dry weight of the material. This essentially depends on the desired field of application. If you want to manufacture materials with high temperature resistance, this becomes polymeric cationic carbohydrate used in smaller amounts.
- Materials for use at high temperatures include sealing materials in chemical and engine construction as well as temperature-resistant filter materials for hot gases and liquids.
- the materials according to the invention can also be used at higher carbohydrate concentrations as insulating materials in construction, in particular in drywall construction, e.g. used as cable routes and fire insulation, for fire doors, wall and ceiling panels, backing layers for heat-insulating materials and as fire-proof displays for advertising purposes (in department stores).
- Another important area of application is in vehicle construction, since the materials according to the invention, in addition to their temperature resistance, have a low specific weight. Even with a higher content of cationic carbohydrate there is no ignition of the material, since the cationic carbohydrate only chars.
- the cationic polymeric carbohydrate generally has an average molecular weight of 200,000 to 1,000,000, preferably 300,000 to 800,000, and a degree of substitution of 0.15 to 0.02.
- the materials according to the invention can also contain cationic, anionic or nonionic retention aids. These are generally the retention aids customary in the paper industry, preferably in amounts of about 0.02 to 0.2% by weight, based on the
- Dry matter of the material can be added.
- a cationic polyacrylamide with a molecular weight of about 1 to 10 million or a polyethyleneimine with a molecular weight of about 80,000 to 300,000 can be used as a retention aid.
- the materials according to the invention can also contain wet strength agents, preferably in an amount of about 0.2 to 5% by weight, based on the dry matter of the material. Suitable wet strength agents are, for example, urea or melamine-formaldehyde resins, polyamidamine-epichlorohydrin resins and the like. the like.
- the invention also relates to the design of the materials according to the invention as three-dimensional shaped bodies. These include Pipes, shells, filter bodies, insulating walls, sealing elements, etc.
- the materials according to the invention are preferably produced by mixing an aqueous dispersion of the inorganic fibers and the particulate inorganic base fillers with an aqueous suspension of the active pigment and adding the cationic polymeric carbohydrate to this mixture shortly before shaping.
- the shape can e.g. on a paper or cardboard machine. In this case one speaks of a sheet formation.
- the three-dimensional moldings are preferably produced by the fiber casting process. However, it is also possible to lay down and dry the still wet sheet in a three-dimensional form.
- the shaping is preferably carried out after flakes have formed in the aqueous mixture after addition of the cationic polymeric carbohydrate.
- the shaping is preferably carried out after at least 10 seconds after the addition of the cationic polymeric carbohydrate.
- the retention aid is preferably added after the addition of the cationic polymeric carbohydrate.
- the inorganic fibers and the inorganic base fillers are used before production the dispersion is preferably subjected to wet dispersion separately, whereupon the separate dispersions are mixed with one another. This ensures that everyone
- Component is optimally dispersed by selecting a suitable stirring speed, stirring time, etc.
- the dispersion parameters depend on the nature, length and thickness of the inorganic fibers or on the nature, particle size and the specific weight of the base filler particles.
- the aqueous dispersion of the active pigments is then added to the mixed dispersion of inorganic fibers and inorganic base filler particles, whereupon the cationic carbohydrate is added shortly (about 10 to 30 seconds) before the sheet formation.
- the retention aid is then added.
- Types of kaolin are also given in Table I.
- the three predispersions are thoroughly mixed with a dispersion of colloidal, amorphous SiO 2 .
- the water content of the dispersion is about 60-70% by weight.
- SiO 2 and cationic starch are also given in Table I.
- Example 6 a cationic polyacrylamide is added as a retention agent (Nalco 47-32; trademark of Nalco Chemical Co.) in the amount shown in Table I.
- the aqueous mass is transferred to a Rapid-Koethen laboratory sheet formation system, whereupon the aqueous phase is suctioned off.
- a sheet is obtained which, after drying, has a thickness of approximately 0.3 mm.
- the tensile strengths of the test sheets are given in Table I.
- Comparative Examples 1 and 3 already show the influence of the particle fineness, while Comparative Examples 3 and 4 show the influence of the filler content on the mechanical strength.
- Examples 2, 5 and 6 according to the invention show the strength increases caused by the addition of the anionic floc-forming active pigment, the strength increased compared to Example 2 according to Example 5 also being due to the higher proportion and the higher particle fineness of the base filler.
- Example 6 shows that by using a retention aid, the strength against the material of the
- next comparable example 5 can be further increased.
- the fiber and filler predispersions are prepared as in Examples 1 to 6, the substances and weight ratios given in Table II being used.
- the mixing of the predispersions with the other constituents and the sheet formation are likewise carried out as in Examples 1 to 6.
- Example 7 an aluminum hydroxide dispersion is used as the active pigment instead of the colloidal, amorphous silica
- Example 8 bentonite is used as the active pigment.
- Example 9 was included as a comparative example (without active pigment).
- Examples 7 to 10 are intended to show the influence of the various flake-forming active pigments on the strength properties of the non-combustible inorganic materials according to the invention.
- the selection and the amount of the flake-forming active pigment largely depends on the properties of the basic filler.
- the amount of organic auxiliaries, such as carbohydrates, is severely limited by the non-combustibility requirements.
- the suspension is "pushed" into the most favorable flocculation area, and only then is an acceptable mechanical strength achieved. This is documented by comparing the strengths of the materials according to Examples 1, 3 (Tab. I) and 9, in which no active pigment was used, with the corresponding values of the other examples.
- Cationic carbohydrates can be used if they have a suitable degree of substitution (DS) and a suitable molecular weight.
- Example 15 a combination of two different carbohydrates was used, which also gives usable strength values.
- Corresponding sheets can also be produced on suitable paper or cardboard machines (wire or circular screen) in any thickness.
- the total retention is between 85 and 95% depending on the recipe and machine type.
- the specific weight can be varied in the range from 500 to 1000 kg / m 3 .
- the insulation ability and thus the possible application mainly depends on the specific weight of the material produced, while the temperature resistance is primarily based on the melting point of the fibers. In the recipe examples given, the replacement of the glass fiber by other fibers with a higher temperature resistance would be problem-free and without an adverse effect on the mechanical property.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Paper (AREA)
- Magnetic Treatment Devices (AREA)
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| AT89912436T ATE85097T1 (de) | 1988-11-07 | 1989-10-28 | Papier-, karton- oder pappenartiger werkstoff und verfahren zu dessen herstellung. |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE3837746A DE3837746C1 (de) | 1988-11-07 | 1988-11-07 | |
| DE3837746 | 1988-11-07 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0399010A1 true EP0399010A1 (de) | 1990-11-28 |
| EP0399010B1 EP0399010B1 (de) | 1993-01-27 |
Family
ID=6366655
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP89912436A Expired - Lifetime EP0399010B1 (de) | 1988-11-07 | 1989-10-28 | Papier-, karton- oder pappenartiger werkstoff und verfahren zu dessen herstellung |
Country Status (14)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0399010B1 (de) |
| JP (1) | JPH03502219A (de) |
| AU (1) | AU620470B2 (de) |
| BR (1) | BR8907153A (de) |
| CA (1) | CA2001784A1 (de) |
| DE (2) | DE3837746C1 (de) |
| DK (1) | DK171501B1 (de) |
| ES (1) | ES2017306A6 (de) |
| FI (1) | FI93757C (de) |
| GR (1) | GR1000750B (de) |
| IE (1) | IE61832B1 (de) |
| NO (1) | NO176028C (de) |
| PT (1) | PT92183B (de) |
| WO (1) | WO1990005211A2 (de) |
Families Citing this family (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5145811A (en) * | 1991-07-10 | 1992-09-08 | The Carborundum Company | Inorganic ceramic papers |
| JPH0995044A (ja) * | 1995-04-10 | 1997-04-08 | Canon Inc | 記録紙及びこれを用いたインクジェット記録方法 |
| EP1697587B1 (de) * | 2003-12-22 | 2009-04-22 | Akzo Nobel N.V. | Papier mit quaternärem stickstoff enthaltendem celluloseether |
| BRPI0418030B1 (pt) * | 2003-12-22 | 2018-09-25 | Akzo Nobel Pulp And Performance Chemicals Ab | enchimento, papel, e processo para a produção de papel |
| EP2118364B1 (de) * | 2007-02-19 | 2014-07-30 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Flexibles fasermaterial, abgasreinigungsvorrichtung sowie entsprechende herstellungsverfahren |
| JP5855348B2 (ja) * | 2011-03-29 | 2016-02-09 | アイカ工業株式会社 | 不燃性基材 |
| JP5876743B2 (ja) * | 2012-02-09 | 2016-03-02 | 大王製紙株式会社 | 複合粒子の製造方法 |
Family Cites Families (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3253978A (en) * | 1961-07-19 | 1966-05-31 | C H Dexter & Sons Inc | Method of forming an inorganic waterlaid sheet containing colloidal silica and cationic starch |
| GB1604908A (en) * | 1977-08-08 | 1981-12-16 | Minnesota Mining & Mfg | Flexible intumescent sheet material with fired strength |
| GB2047297A (en) * | 1979-04-04 | 1980-11-26 | Ici Ltd | Mineral-fibre boards |
| AU546999B2 (en) * | 1980-05-28 | 1985-10-03 | Eka A.B. | Adding binder to paper making stock |
| SE8107078L (sv) * | 1981-11-27 | 1983-05-28 | Eka Ab | Forfarande for papperstillverkning |
| US4578150A (en) * | 1982-07-23 | 1986-03-25 | Amf Inc. | Fibrous media containing millimicron-sized particulates |
| US4443262A (en) * | 1982-09-30 | 1984-04-17 | Armstrong World Industries, Inc. | Low density fibrous sheet material |
| DE3306528A1 (de) * | 1982-12-30 | 1984-07-05 | Lüchtrath, Bern, 8700 Würzburg | Papier-, karton- und pappenartiger werkstoff |
| DE3306478A1 (de) * | 1982-12-30 | 1984-07-12 | Bern 8700 Würzburg Lüchtrath | Fuellstoff fuer einen papier-, karton oder pappenartigen werkstoff und verfahren zur herstellung solcher werkstoffe |
| GB8621680D0 (en) * | 1986-09-09 | 1986-10-15 | Du Pont | Filler compositions |
-
1988
- 1988-11-07 DE DE3837746A patent/DE3837746C1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1989
- 1989-10-02 GR GR890100627A patent/GR1000750B/el unknown
- 1989-10-28 JP JP1511642A patent/JPH03502219A/ja active Pending
- 1989-10-28 AU AU45140/89A patent/AU620470B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1989-10-28 BR BR898907153A patent/BR8907153A/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1989-10-28 DE DE8989912436T patent/DE58903410D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1989-10-28 EP EP89912436A patent/EP0399010B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1989-10-28 WO PCT/EP1989/001287 patent/WO1990005211A2/de not_active Ceased
- 1989-10-30 CA CA002001784A patent/CA2001784A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1989-11-03 ES ES8903724A patent/ES2017306A6/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1989-11-03 PT PT92183A patent/PT92183B/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1989-11-06 IE IE355989A patent/IE61832B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1990
- 1990-07-06 NO NO903041A patent/NO176028C/no unknown
- 1990-07-06 FI FI903434A patent/FI93757C/fi not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1990-07-06 DK DK163590A patent/DK171501B1/da not_active IP Right Cessation
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| See references of WO9005211A3 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE3837746C1 (de) | 1990-03-29 |
| FI93757C (fi) | 1995-05-26 |
| NO903041D0 (no) | 1990-07-06 |
| CA2001784A1 (en) | 1990-05-07 |
| PT92183A (pt) | 1990-05-31 |
| NO176028C (no) | 1995-01-18 |
| NO176028B (no) | 1994-10-10 |
| JPH03502219A (ja) | 1991-05-23 |
| GR1000750B (el) | 1992-12-30 |
| WO1990005211A2 (de) | 1990-05-17 |
| ES2017306A6 (es) | 1991-01-16 |
| WO1990005211A3 (de) | 1990-06-28 |
| DE58903410D1 (de) | 1993-03-11 |
| IE893559L (en) | 1990-05-07 |
| FI903434A0 (fi) | 1990-07-06 |
| NO903041L (no) | 1990-07-06 |
| GR890100627A (en) | 1990-12-31 |
| DK171501B1 (da) | 1996-12-02 |
| EP0399010B1 (de) | 1993-01-27 |
| DK163590D0 (da) | 1990-07-06 |
| AU620470B2 (en) | 1992-02-20 |
| BR8907153A (pt) | 1991-02-26 |
| FI93757B (fi) | 1995-02-15 |
| DK163590A (da) | 1990-07-06 |
| IE61832B1 (en) | 1994-11-30 |
| PT92183B (pt) | 1995-08-09 |
| AU4514089A (en) | 1990-05-28 |
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