EP0398131B1 - Apparatus to press out beet slices - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a device for repressing beet pulp, in which the material to be pressed is distributed in thin layers of about 10 mm thickness on filter fabric and is exposed in several layers to one another to a high pressure between a press table and an upper press part, each layer consisting of a layer of filter cloth and one There is a layer of pressed material and a loading device is provided for layer-by-layer application of the pressed material to the filter fabric (see DE-A-3524544).

In sugar production, sugar beets are usually washed and crushed and then have a dry matter content in the order of 5%. After adding hot water, the beet pulp pretreated in this way is further processed in an extraction tower, the beet pulp coming out of the extraction tower initially being a waste product and having a dry matter content of the order of 10%.

In the usual procedure, the leached chips are then pressed out in screw presses, the pressed filtrate being returned to the sugar production. After leaving the screw presses, the beet pulp has a maximum dry matter content of about 25 to 28%.

Part of this beet pulp processed so far is in used in agriculture as a silage pulp and for feeding cattle.

Since the beet pulp cannot be preserved in this form with the comparatively high moisture content, such chips are predominantly dried to a dry matter content of approximately 90% by adding considerable amounts of heat. In order to reduce the high energy costs for drying, there has recently been a transition to so-called low-temperature dryers, in which waste heat energy that is produced during sugar production is used for chip drying. The beet pulp is piled up on air-permeable sieve belts, which then pass through several floors of such a low-temperature drying system. In this process, warm air is blown through the beet pulp, which is fed to the system via large heat exchangers and large fans. This type of drying uses, in particular, the residual waste heat supplied to the cooling towers or cooling pools of a sugar factory, this waste heat being decoupled with a precondensation stage at the highest possible temperature level. Such systems, which serve to pre-dry the chips before they are fed to the traditional chip drying drum, ensure that the use of primary energy is only required for the residual drying, and therefore the energy balance is considerably improved. In these plants, the beet pulp is dried to a dry matter content of approximately 30 to 45%.

However, such systems have very large dimensions, since it is usually buildings with a construction volume of the order of 10,000 m³, ie buildings with a total length of 36 m, a width of 16 m and a height of about 19 m. The investment costs involved are extremely high, and the energy consumption for the large, warm air blowers required is considerable. The warm air blowers require an electrical energy of several thousand kilowatts. Since usually the sugar factories produce their own electrical energy, the installed capacity is often not sufficient, so that further investments are necessary or that electrical energy has to be bought.

After it is known that in terms of costs, the low-pressure thermal treatment on belt dryers to achieve dry matter contents of the order of 50% is about 50 times the cost of a purely mechanical pressing on the same dry matter contents, and since tests have shown, on the other hand, that beet pulp by screw pressing no more than 25 to 28% of the dry matter content in juices, various attempts have been made to increase the dry matter content of the beet pulp by static pressing (see DEZ Zuckerindustrie 112 (1987) No. 9 pages 771 to 778; DEZ Zuckerindustrie 112 (1987) No. 10 pages 868 to 872; DEZ Zuckerindustrie 112 (1987) No. 11 pages 946 to 950; DEZ Zuckerindustrie 112 (1987) No. 12 pages 1068 to 1073).

The result of these tests and investigations is that dry matter contents of the order of 50% for beet pulp can be achieved by mechanical pressing if they are distributed on thin layers of the order of 10 mm layer height on filter fabrics, these layers are then stacked on top of one another and then with one high static pressure in the order of 50 bar for a period of 11 to 12 minutes.

On the basis of this knowledge, a device has been developed and tested in tests as described in DEZ Zuckerindustrie 11 (1986) No. 3 pages 243, 244. In this known device, a filter band is rolled up on a reel and then by the Reel rewound onto another reel, with the filter belt then evenly coated with beet pulp. The filled reel is then pushed into a pressure vessel, which is provided with a press membrane on its inner wall. The press membrane is then pressurized with water and the beet pulp further pressed. After this process, the reel is removed from the boiler and rewound onto the other reel, scraping off the pressed chips. The loading and unloading of the schnitzel is largely automated, but the automatic pushing and unloading of the reel into the boiler has not yet been solved. The filter belt is an approximately 250 m long belt made of a special fabric. Experiments have shown that pressing down takes only one fiftieth of the energy that would have to be expended for conventional drying.

However, since the reels are compressed from a wound outer diameter to a much smaller diameter during the juicing in the cylindrical kettle, the pressure membrane is subjected to considerable expansion. In addition, the filter tapes are compressed from a large diameter to a small diameter, so that inevitable wrinkling must occur. In order to keep the expansion of the membrane and the deformation of the filter cloths within permissible limits, the capacity of this system is therefore comparatively low despite the 250 m long filter belt, so that even for a medium-sized sugar factory, a number of such machines are required to achieve the necessary capacities to reach.

A modification of this known device is described in the above-mentioned DE-A-3524544. This known device is also based on the principle of high-pressure pressing in thin layers. In this known device, the filter cloth layers are stacked and pressed as circular rings. When filling and emptying the press, the loading and unloading takes place. Wind up the cloth on a conical drum, which is simultaneously moved radially inwards or outwards. However, this known machine is also unsatisfactory with regard to the production of the filter cloth used as a quasi-continuous circular ring or spiral, and also with regard to the necessary construction effort.

Starting from a device of the type defined at the outset and also using the principle of high-pressure pressing in thin layers, the invention is based on the object of significantly improving the device in terms of simplicity of construction and efficiency.

This object is achieved according to the invention by the characterizing features of claim 1. With this embodiment it is possible with the simplest means to produce any number of 1 cm thick layers, no particularly complex constructions being necessary. This type of training enables a simple, reliable and trouble-free construction of the device with high efficiency.

Characterized in that the filter belts forming the stack are guided in a straight line and horizontally between their reversal areas in two opposing stacks forming an upper run and a lower run of the circulation, and that two press nips are then provided, one of which is the stack of the upper run and the other the stack of the lower run, it is achieved that two stacks can be pressed at the same time, so that a considerable saving in filter belts and a space saving is achieved.

In a particularly preferred embodiment according to the invention, the press table and the upper press part are formed within a closed rigid frame, the frame comprising an upper and a lower pressure beam and two, the free ends of the pressure beams being fixed to one another Distance connecting tie rods, wherein the press table or the press upper part is formed by a movable pressure plate in the frame, the movable pressure plate is designed to be acted upon by high pressure generators within the closed frame, and wherein the movable pressure plate is designed as a hydraulic bed, in which a side by side Number of high pressure generators distributed over the length and / or width of the movable pressure plate is provided. It is obvious that in this embodiment, depending on the arrangement and orientation of the movable pressure plate, one of the two pressure bars of the frame can form the press table or the upper press part. Overall, the particular advantage is achieved in this embodiment that the closed frame absorbs any pressure, so that no special heavy foundations or the like. To accommodate the considerable pressures must be provided, which are in the order of 1,000 t or 100 kg / cm² lie. Because the high pressure generators apply the pressure within the closed frame, a good and uniform pressure distribution is achieved without bending stresses and at the same time a particularly economical construction can be achieved. The feature of the hydraulic bed enables the enormous pressures to be achieved with comparatively inexpensive high-pressure generators, the feature of avoiding bending stresses already mentioned being optimally guaranteed. The high pressure generators, which press the movable pressure plate in the form of a hydraulic bed in the direction of the press nip, are preferably supported on one of the two pressure bars within the closed frame.

In particular, it is preferred to arrange the high pressure generators in two parallel rows adjacent to one another on the movable pressure plate, with six to twelve such high pressure generators being able to be arranged in each row depending on the width of the filter belts and consequently the press nip. Assuming that a pressure area of approximately 200 x 200 mm is applied per high pressure generator, so it is obvious that bending stresses are completely avoided, so that the movable pressure plate can be made correspondingly easy.

For cost reasons, hydraulic single cylinders are preferred as the high pressure generator.

In an advantageous development according to the invention it is provided that the movable pressure plate is designed as a box-shaped drawer, in which the high-pressure generator is inserted, and that the movable pressure plate is supported at both ends on lifting cylinders which are used to open the press nip and to insert the relieved High pressure cylinders can be actuated. This results in a particularly economical way of storing the high-pressure generator, which moreover has the advantage that individual high-pressure generators can be easily replaced in the event of malfunctions. The lifting cylinders serve the opening stroke of the press and only have to lift the weight of the movable pressure plate and the high pressure generator arranged in the manner of a drawer as soon as they are relieved.

In an alternative embodiment, the invention can be designed in such a way that the press table and the press upper part are formed by at least one pair of pressure plates, which consists of a rigidly mounted pressure plate and an opposing movable pressure plate, between which the stack of filter belts with the pressed material contained between them runs, and that the pair of pressure plates are connected to each other by a high pressure generator arranged at their free ends to a closed frame. This embodiment, like the first described embodiment, has the advantage that no complex foundations or the like are required to accommodate the pressures, since these are accommodated within the frame formed by the high pressure generator and the two pressure plates. Highest pressures can thus be achieved with the simplest of means.

It is particularly preferred that the press table and the upper press part are formed by a number of frames arranged side by side. This construction represents the most economical solution in that, for example, approximately 25 cm wide double beams can be used as press plates for the production of presses of any size.

In the embodiment with two press nips, it is particularly advantageous that a movable intermediate plate is provided between the hydraulic bed forming the movable pressure plate and a second hydraulic bed arranged vertically below it, forming a second movable pressure plate, that the intermediate plate is on the top side of the press table of the upper press nip forming press surface, and that the underside of the intermediate plate forms the abutment for the high pressure generator of the second hydraulic bed.

This embodiment ensures that, with the simplest design, the considerable pressures applied are transmitted in both press nips and at the same time are nevertheless absorbed by the frame formed by the upper and lower pressure beams and the tie rod rods connecting them.

In particular, it is advantageous here that the intermediate plate is provided with holes on two lateral extensions, which on the upper with the lower pressure beams connecting tie rods are slidably guided. This ensures that both parallel stacks of filter belts and material to be pressed are juiced in one and the same press within each press cycle without the design effort of a second separate press being achieved.

A different embodiment, which also has two press nips, can also be further developed in that a movable intermediate plate is provided between the upper movable pressure plate and the lower rigidly mounted pressure plate, which has two press surfaces, one of which is one of the press surfaces of the upper movable pressure plate and the other faces the pressing surfaces of the lower rigidly mounted pressure plate, the high pressure generators are designed as double-acting hydraulic cylinder units, the cylinder housing of the piston cylinder units is fastened to the stationary pressure plate arranged below, and the piston rod of the piston cylinder unit is connected to the upper, movable pressure plate, that the intermediate plate is provided on two lateral extensions with holes which are slidably guided on the piston rods, and that a driver is attached to each of the piston rods, which r is arranged below the holes. This also ensures that both stacks guided in parallel can be juiced simultaneously in one and the same press without the design effort of a complete second press having to be operated.

A plate made of plastic or the like is preferably attached to the pressing surfaces of the device in order to protect the filter belts, the plates being provided on the sides facing the stacks with open filtrate channels through which the filtrate can easily drain off laterally.

The filter belts forming the stack are advantageously outside the press nip via deflection rollers or the like divided into individual orbits, one or more loading devices and droppings being provided in each of the orbits for each filter belt, the number of which corresponds to the number of press nips. This ensures uniform loading of the individual filter belts.

Furthermore, at least one cleaning device for the filter belts is provided within each orbit.

In a particularly preferred embodiment, each discharge is designed in such a way that two deflection rollers are provided, which rotate in opposite directions and on which two filter strips of the stack lying opposite one another are separated, such that each deflection roller is provided with a brush roller opposite, the respective filter strip being between a deflection roller and is passed through a brush roller, and that the brush rollers are driven counter to the direction of rotation of the associated deflection roller. This type of formation of the discharge ensures safe removal, in particular of pressed beet pulp, from the filter belts, since this material in particular is a difficult to handle and comparatively adhesive material.

For this reason, it is also preferred that a scraper blade is arranged on the deflecting roller that comes into direct contact with the material to be pressed, and that the bristles of the brush rollers consist of plastic and / or steel for reasons of durability and the safe removal of the material to be pressed from the filter belts.

In particular, the invention can be further developed in that the brush rollers are arranged in an open, trough-like housing below the orbit, and that a conveyor for the pressed material is provided in the bottom of the housing, and that the conveyor is designed as a screw conveyor. This makes for a compact design conveniently combines the detachment of the pressed material from the filter belts with the removal.

For loading the individual filter belts, it is preferred that the loading device is designed for a consistently uniform layer thickness of the pressed material, that the loading device has a screw conveyor extending over the entire width of the filter belts, that a material outlet slot is provided in the area of the underside of the housing of the screw conveyor, which extends over the entire width of the filter belts, that a rotating driven scraper ring is provided on the outside of the housing of the screw conveyor, that the direction of rotation of the scraper is opposite to the direction of rotation of the screw conveyor, that the scraper ring is provided with a guide housing which has a width over the entire width the straight feeding edge of the filter belts has such that the material outlet slot is offset in relation to the feeding edge in the direction of rotation of the screw conveyor, that in the direction of movement of a filter belt a rotationally driven chamber wheel is arranged behind the feed edge, and that the direction of rotation of the chamber wheel is opposite to the direction of movement of the associated filter belt. By combining the measures described above, an absolutely evenly distributed layer of the pressed material is achieved.

In a modified embodiment, it is preferred that the loading devices each consist of a bunker, a bar chain or scraper conveyor and a feed shaft, and that at least some of the filter belts are passed outside the press nips between the upper run and the lower run of the scraper conveyors. As a result, the entire device can be constructed in a straight line, so that complex deflection structures for the filter belts are avoided.

Fig. 1

eine stark schematische Schnittansicht zur Erläuterung des Preßvorgangs;

Fig. 2

eine schematische Seitenansicht einer Ausführungsform der Vorrichtung nach der Erfindung;

Fig. 3

eine Draufsicht auf die Vorrichtung gemäß Fig. 2;

Fig. 4

eine Schnittansicht längs der Linie IV von Fig. 1;

Fig. 5

eine Schnittansicht längs der Linie V von Fig. 1;

Fig. 6

eine Schnittansicht längs der Linie VI von Fig. 1;

Fig. 7

eine Schnittansicht längs der Linie VII von Fig. 1;

Fig. 8

eine schematische Seitenansicht einer Vorrichtung nach der Erfindung im Aufbau für den praktischen Betrieb;

Fig. 9

eine Draufsicht auf die Vorrichtung gemäß Fig. 8;

Fig. 10

eine Schnittansicht längs der Linie X von Fig. 9;

Fig. 11

eine Schnittansicht längs der Linie XI von Fig. 9;

Fig. 12

eine Fig. 2 entsprechende Seitenansicht einer besonders bevorzugten Ausführungsform nach der Erfindung;

Fig. 13

eine teilweise aufgebrochene Draufsicht auf die Vorrichtung gemäß Fig. 12;

Fig. 14

eine Schnittansicht längs der Linie XIV-XIV in Fig. 12 in vergrößertem Maßstab;

Fig. 15

eine Schnittansicht längs der Linie XV-XV in Fig. 12 im vergrößerten Maßstab;

Fig. 16

eine Schnittansicht längs der Linie XVI-XVI von Fig. 12 in vergrößertem Maßstab;

Fig. 17

eine Schnittansicht längs der Linie XVII-XVII von Fig. 12 in vergrößertem Maßstab;

Fig. 18

eine Fig. 16 entsprechende Schnittansicht einer hinsichtlich der Anordnung der Hubzylinder abgewandelten Ausführungsform;

Fig. 19

eine teilweise längs der Linie XIX-XIX in Fig. 18 geschnittene Draufsicht der Ausführungsform gemäß Fig. 18;

Fig. 20

eine Seitenansicht der Ausführungsform gemäß Fig. 18 und 19;

Fig. 21

eine Fig. 18 entsprechende Schnittansicht einer Ausführungsform mit zwei Preßspalten;

Fig. 22

eine schematische seitliche Schnittdarstellung des Abwurfbereichs und des Aufgabebereichs bei der bevorzugten Ausführungsform gemäß Fig. 12 ff. und

Fig. 23

eine Fig. 22 entsprechende Schnittdarstellung,in welcher der Aufgabebereich für das Preßgut im vergrößerten Maßstab für zwei Filterbänder eines Stapels näher veranschaulicht ist.

In the following, the invention will be explained in more detail with the aid of exemplary embodiments illustrated in the drawings. It shows:

Fig. 1

a highly schematic sectional view for explaining the pressing process;

Fig. 2

is a schematic side view of an embodiment of the device according to the invention;

Fig. 3

a plan view of the device of FIG. 2;

Fig. 4

a sectional view taken along line IV of Fig. 1;

Fig. 5

a sectional view taken along line V of Fig. 1;

Fig. 6

a sectional view taken along line VI of Fig. 1;

Fig. 7

a sectional view taken along line VII of Fig. 1;

Fig. 8

is a schematic side view of a device according to the invention under construction for practical operation;

Fig. 9

a plan view of the device of FIG. 8;

Fig. 10

a sectional view taken along line X of Fig. 9;

Fig. 11

a sectional view taken along line XI of Fig. 9;

Fig. 12

a side view corresponding to FIG. 2 of a particularly preferred embodiment according to the invention;

Fig. 13

a partially broken plan view of the device of FIG. 12;

Fig. 14

a sectional view taken along the line XIV-XIV in Figure 12 on an enlarged scale.

Fig. 15

a sectional view taken along the line XV-XV in Figure 12 on an enlarged scale.

Fig. 16

a sectional view taken along the line XVI-XVI of Figure 12 on an enlarged scale.

Fig. 17

a sectional view taken along the line XVII-XVII of Figure 12 on an enlarged scale.

Fig. 18

16 a sectional view corresponding to FIG. 16 of an embodiment modified with regard to the arrangement of the lifting cylinders;

Fig. 19

a top view of the embodiment of FIG. 18, partially cut along the line XIX-XIX in FIG. 18;

Fig. 20

a side view of the embodiment of FIGS. 18 and 19;

Fig. 21

an 18 corresponding sectional view of an embodiment with two press nips;

Fig. 22

is a schematic side sectional view of the discharge area and the feed area in the preferred embodiment according to FIGS. 12 ff. and

Fig. 23

22 shows a sectional view corresponding to FIG. 22, in which the feed area for the material to be pressed is illustrated in greater detail for two filter belts of a stack.

As indicated schematically in FIG. 1, the device 1, which is shown in its details in a first embodiment in the drawing figures 2 to 11 and a second embodiment in FIGS. 12 to 23, is used for pressing plant components and in particular for pressing of beet pulp. As shown in FIG. 1, the pressed material is applied to a filter fabric 2 in thin layers of approximately 10 mm in thickness and is evenly distributed. The layers consisting of a filter fabric 2 and a layer of the pressed material 3, 4, 5, 6 are stacked one above the other between a press table 7 and a press upper part 8 and subjected to high pressure in order to obtain the contents mentioned in the order of magnitude of 50% dry matter.

As shown in detail in Figures 2 to 7, the special feature of the illustrated embodiment of the device 1 according to the invention is that the press table 7 and the press upper part are flat and horizontal and form a straight line.

The stack formed by the stacked layers 3, 4, 5 and 6 of the filter fabric and the material to be pressed is also guided in a straight line and horizontally through the press nip formed between the press table 7 and the upper press part 8 and exposed there to the static pressure inside the press. As illustrated, a corresponding number of loading devices 10 is provided for each layer 3, 4, 5, 6.

Each of the layers 3, 4, 5, 6 has a rotating filter belt 11, 12, 13, 14, 15 as filter fabric 2, these filter belts 11 to 15 being closed and endless and circulating intermittently in accordance with the pressing cycle. For each of the filter belts 11 to 15, as can be seen in particular from FIG. 2, a separate loading device 10 is assigned.

The arrangement is such that all filter belts 11 to 15 run together in the same direction and are combined in the area of the press nip 9 to form the stack 25.

5, which shows the region of the press zone, the press table 7 and the press upper part 8 consist of pairs of pressure plates 16, 17, each of the pairs consisting of a rigidly mounted pressure plate 16 and an opposite, movable one Pressure plate 17 exists. The movable pressure plate 17 is arranged above the rigidly mounted pressure plate 16. A row of pressure plates 16 lying next to one another in parallel therefore form the press table 7, while a row of pressure plates 17 arranged parallel and opposite one another form the upper press part, as is indicated in FIG. 3.

The stack 25 of the filter belts 11, 12, 13, 14, 15 with the pressed material contained between them runs between the upper, movable pressure plates 17 and the lower rigidly mounted pressure plates 16. Each of the pairs of movable and rigidly mounted pressure plates 16, 17 is connected by a high-pressure generator 22, 23 to form a closed frame 24, so that the entire pressing zone consists of a row of filter belts 11 to 15 with such a frame 24 receiving the material to be pressed.

The construction here is such that, as shown in FIG. 5, the high pressure generator 22 connects the free end 18 of a rigidly mounted pressure plate 16 to the free end 20 of the movable pressure plate 17 lying above it. On the opposite side, the high pressure generator 23 connects the free end 19 of the rigidly mounted pressure plate 16 to the free end 21 of the movable pressure plate 17.

In the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1-11, the arrangement is also such that the filter bands 11, 12, 13, 14, 15 forming the stack 25 are straight and between their reversal areas indicated by the arrows 26, 27 in FIG. 3 horizontally in two opposing an upper run 28 and a lower run 29 of the circulation forming stack 25, 25 'are guided.

Accordingly, the illustrated pressing zone has two press nips 9 and 9A, of which the press nip 9 the stack 25 of the upper run 28 and the press nip 9A the stack 25 'of the lower run 29 records.

In order to press both stacks 25 and 25 'simultaneously and using the same high-pressure generator 22, 23, a movable intermediate plate 30 is provided between the upper, movable pressure plate 17 and the lower rigidly mounted pressure plate 16. The intermediate plate 30 has two opposing pressing surfaces 31, 32. The pressing surface 31 lies opposite the pressing surface 33 of the upper, movable pressure plate 17, while the pressing surface 32 lies opposite the pressing surface 34 of the lower rigidly mounted pressure plate. The press nip 9 is therefore formed in the illustrated embodiment between the opposing press surfaces 32 and 34, while the additional press nip 9A is formed between the press surfaces 31, 33.

In the exemplary embodiment shown in FIGS. 1-11, the high-pressure generators 22, 23 are designed as double-acting hydraulic cylinder units 35. The cylinder housing 36 of the piston-cylinder units 35 is fastened to the pressure plate 16 arranged below by means of an eye 41, which is fixed to a lateral extension 39 of the lower pressure plate 16 by means of a bolt 38. The piston rod 40 of the piston-cylinder unit 35 is connected to the upper, movable pressure plate 17 in that an eye 41 is fixed on the piston rod 40 via a bolt 42 on a lateral extension 43 of the upper press plate 17.

The intermediate plate 30 is provided on two lateral extensions 44 with holes 45 which are slidably guided on the piston rod 40. Below the bores 45, a driver 46 is fastened on the piston rods 40 of the piston cylinder units 35 lying opposite one another.

With this arrangement, the piston cylinder units during the press stroke 35 force exerted by the upper, movable pressure plate 17 via the stack 25 'to the intermediate plate 30 and further to the stack 25, so that both stacks 25, 25' between the upper pressure plate 17 and the lower pressure plate 16 with the interposition of the intermediate plate 30 be squeezed together.

After completion of the pressing process, the direction of movement of the piston-cylinder units 35 is reversed to open the press, the movable pressure plate 17 first being lifted off the upper stack 25 '. After the carriers 46 come to rest on the piston rods 40 on the underside of the lateral extensions 44, the intermediate plate 30 is then also lifted off the stack 25 so that it can be moved out of the pressing zone after the pressing has taken place.

As can also be seen from FIG. 5, in the preferred embodiment, a plate 47 made of plastic or the like is attached to the opposing pressing surfaces 31, 32, 33, 34, around the outermost filter bands 11 and 15 of the two stacks 25, 25 ' to protect. The plates 47 are preferably made of a low-friction plastic, since at least the filter belt located at the bottom is moved over these plates 47 when entering the pressing zone and when conveying the pressed beet pulp out of the pressing zone.

Preferably, the plates 47 are also provided on the stacks 25, 25 'facing sides with open filtrate channels, not shown, through which the squeezed juice can be removed. As further indicated in Fig. 5, under each of the stacks 25, 25 'in the pressing zone, a filtrate pan 48 or 49 is provided, which collects and removes the juice squeezed out laterally and vertically from the stacks 25, 25'.

As illustrated in FIG. 2, the filter belts 11, 12, 13, 14, 15 forming the stacks 25, 25 'are divided into individual orbits via a number of deflecting rollers, which are described in more detail below, or the like. Outside the press nips 9, 9A.

A feed device 10 and a discharge device 50 are provided in each of these orbits for each of the filter belts 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, in the exemplary embodiment illustrated in which the area between the two reversal areas 26, 27 is used twice for pressing out the beet pulp is, each of the orbits two loading devices 10 and correspondingly two drops 50 are provided. Likewise, a cleaning device 51 is provided in each orbit for each of the filter belts 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, preferably immediately in front of each associated loading device 10, within which the respective filter belt is cleaned by compressed air or the like.

As can be seen in particular from FIGS. 4 and 7, each of the loading devices 10 in the exemplary embodiment consists of a bunker 52 which has a bar chain or scraper conveyor 53 at its lower end. The bar chain or scraper conveyor 53 conveys into a feed shaft 54, over which the beet pulp is distributed in a uniform position over the width of the associated filter belt.

In order to achieve a straightforward and as compact as possible design, the filter belts 11, 12, 13 and 14 are passed outside the press nips 9, 9A and 14 through the loading devices 10 and run between the upper run 55 and the lower run 56, the associated scratch conveyors.

Although all of the filter belts 11, 12, 13, 14, 15 are moved simultaneously and at the same speed between the press cycles, the path of each individual filter belt will be described below be described by the arrangement illustrated in FIG. 2, so that the path for all filter belts can be understood together.

For the filter belt 11, the cleaning device 51 in the upper left half of FIG. 2 is assumed. Leaving the cleaning device 51 downward, the filter belt 11 runs around a deflection roller 57 into the press nip 9a and from there straight on to the right end of the device 1 to a further deflection roller 58. Between the end of the press nip 9A and the deflection roller 58 is the filter belt 11 between the upper run 55 and the lower run 56 of the scraper conveyors 53, which belong to the feeding devices for the filter belts 11, 12, 13, 14 and 15, and which together with this produce the stack 25 for the entry into the press nip 9.

After the deflection roller 58, the filter belt 11 is guided downward over further rollers 59 and 60, the roller 60 deflecting the filter belt 11 into a horizontal distance. In this horizontal distance, the filter belt 11 is supported by a number of rollers 61. Immediately after the roller 60, the feed shaft 54 of the loading device 10 assigned to the filter belt 11 opens, so that from this point a thin layer of beet pulp is applied to the filter belt 11.

As further indicated in FIG. 2, each of the feed shafts 54 is provided with a device 62 for regulating the layer thickness of the beet pulp applied, which will be explained in more detail below with reference to FIG. 24. After leaving the press nip 9, the filter belt runs around a knock-over roller 63, on which a doctor blade 64 or the like is provided, at which point the pressed beet chips are then thrown into the schematically illustrated conveyor device of the discharge 50.

After dropping 50, the filter belt 11 is then returned via deflection rollers 64 ', 65 to the upper left end of the device 1, from where it runs between the upper run 55 and the lower run 56 of the scraper conveyor 53 of the loading devices 10 assigned to the press nip 9a and via another Deflection roller 66 re-enters the washing device 51.

As far as the filter belt 12 is concerned, the washing device 51 illustrated in the upper left half of FIG. 2 is also assumed here.

After leaving the washing device, the filter belt 12 is reversed in a horizontal direction via a deflecting roller corresponding to the deflecting roller 57, the beet pulp being placed behind this deflecting roller. At the deflection roller 57 of the filter belt 11, this runs onto the layer of beet pulp located on the filter belt 12. The filter belt 12 runs through the press nip 9A and from there horizontally through the feed devices 10 assigned to the press nip 9, a discharge roller 66 with a doctor blade being provided after leaving the third feed device, by means of which the beet pulp pressed out in the press nip 9A is conveyed into the discharge 50 will.

After leaving the discharge, the filter belt 12 is guided over further rollers and a deflection roller 67 in the horizontal direction again, the feed shaft 54 of the feed device 10 for the filter belt 12 assigned to the press nip 9 opening directly behind the deflection roller 67. In this case, the filter belt 12 on the deflection roller 67 has simultaneously run onto the layer of beet pulp located on the filter belt 11.

The filter belt 12 then runs through the press nip 9 and is in turn behind the press nip via a discharge roller 68 out, from where the pressed beet pulp are conveyed into the dropping 50.

After the dropping 50, the filter belt 12 is returned via the rollers 65 to the upper left end of the device according to FIG. 2, runs horizontally from there through the three left loading devices 10 and again enters the cleaning device 51.

The path of the filter belts 13 and 14 is analogous to the path just described and can be safely understood from the above description.

As far as the filter belt 15 is concerned, this is first reversed, starting from the cleaning device 51 in the left half of FIG. 1, via the illustrated rollers 69 and 70 into a horizontal path in which the filter belt 15 is supported on a number of rollers 71, which in this part also support the other filter belts one after the other. After the roller 70 has been rotated, a layer of beet pulp is applied through the feed chute opening there, after which the filter belt 14 then runs onto this layer.

After leaving the press nip 9A, the filter belt 15 runs around a discharge roller 72 with a doctor blade or the like, from where the material to be pressed reaches the discharge 50.

After dropping 50, the filter belt is in turn reversed over a number of rollers 73 into a horizontal path in which the filter belt 15 runs upstream of the press nip 9 onto the layer of beet pulp conveyed by the filter belt 14.

After leaving the press nip 9, the filter belt 15 is guided back to the washing device 51 via deflection rollers 74 and 75.

The described device is operated in cycles according to the press cycle in the press zone. If one assumes that a press cycle has just ended, the piston-cylinder units 35 are first relieved in the entire press zone and reversed in their direction of movement, so that both press nips 9 and 9a are opened. Thereafter, all filter belts 11, 12, 13, 14, 15 are moved simultaneously and in the same direction by a distance corresponding to the length of the press nips 9 and 9a, with beet pulp in the intended layer thicknesses by the loading devices 10 onto each of the conveyor belts both on the left and at the same time are applied to the right of the pressing zone and at the same time the previously pressed beet pulp is conveyed into the discharge in the area of the drops 50 assigned to the individual filter belts. Then, after stopping the filter belts and stopping the feeding devices, the press is closed again and the pressing cycle can begin.

The embodiment illustrated in FIGS. 2 to 7 is a construction of a size that is suitable for experimental purposes and for smaller quantities. The illustrated embodiment has an overall length of approximately 13 m and an overall height of approximately 3.50 m, the filter belts being approximately 2 m wide and the actual pressing zone being 4 m long.

For the sake of completeness, FIGS. 9 to 11 show a sketch of a device 1 of a size that is intended for practical use during the campaign. The illustrated embodiment consists of three units running in parallel, each unit having a total length of approximately 46 m with a press zone of approximately 25 m.

The particularly preferred embodiment according to the invention is described in more detail below, as is illustrated in detail in FIGS. 12 to 23.

Insofar as the same or equivalent parts are shown in FIGS. 12 to 23 in this embodiment, the same reference numerals have been used as in the first embodiment, so that as far as there are no design deviations, reference can be made to the above description. Furthermore, the functional sequence in the preferred embodiment is the same as the functional sequence in the first described embodiment, so that reference can also be made to the above description in this regard.

In particular, the embodiment illustrated in FIGS. 12 to 23 differs by a different configuration of the pressing area, which represents a much more cost-effective alternative in comparison with the first embodiment.

In this regard, it is pointed out that pressures of approximately 1,000 t or 100 kg / cm 2 are generated per pressure bar, so that it is obvious to the person skilled in the art that one of the high pressure generators used in the first embodiment has a market price of approximately DM 50,000.

In order to make the high-pressure area more economical with other advantages, in the embodiment illustrated in particular in FIGS. 12 to 17, the press table 7 and the upper press part 8 are formed within a closed, rigid frame 80. The rigid frame 80 consists of an upper pressure beam 81 and a lower pressure beam 82 and two tie rods 85 and 86 which connect the free ends 83 and 84 of the two pressure beams 81 and 82 at a fixed distance from one another, which for reasons explained in more detail below have a round cross section exhibit.

As can be seen in particular from the sectional view according to FIG. 16, the upper press part 8 is in this case formed by a pressure plate 87 movable within the frame 80, which can also be pressurized directly within the frame 87 by high pressure generators generally designated 23.

Of course, the arrangement can also be made such that the movable pressure plate 87 forms the press table 7 and, in contrast to the illustration according to FIG. 16, is moved upward against the upper press part 8, so that the underside of the upper pressure beam 81 corresponds to that caused by the movable pressure plate 87 formed press table 7 forms opposing press surface.

In the embodiment illustrated in FIGS. 12 to 17, the press table 7 is formed by the upper side of the lower pressure beam 82, on which the stack 25 of the filter belts 11, 12, 13, 14, on the plastic plate 47 or the like. 15, and the material to be pressed between them is moved through the press nip 9.

As shown in FIG. 16, the movable pressure plate 87 is designed as a hydraulic bed 88, in that a number of high-pressure generators 23 are arranged in parallel rows, directly adjacent to one another, distributed over the length and width of the movable pressure plate 87.

With this arrangement, two adjacent rows of high-pressure generators 23, for example, can be provided in accordance with the width of the filter belts and consequently the press nip 9 per movable pressure plate 87, six to twelve such high-pressure generators 23 being provided in each row.

As shown in FIG. 16, in the preferred exemplary embodiment, the hydraulic high-pressure generators 23 are designed as hydraulic single cylinders 89, which are direct support on the upper pressure beam 81.

It is obvious that the arrangement of hydraulic cylinders 89, which abut one another over the surface of the movable pressure plate 87 and each have, for example, a pressure area of 200 × 200 mm, can achieve a very uniform pressure distribution, in which the movable pressure plate 87 has no bending stresses experiences. Accordingly, the movable pressure plate 87 can be made structurally light and simple.

Assuming that the pressing area of the device 1 illustrated in FIG. 12 contains a total of five rigid frames 80, the pressing area can be constructed with 100 such single cylinders 89, which, at a unit price of approximately DM 1,000, represents the total cost of DM 100,000 corresponds to. In comparison with the hydraulic cylinder units 35 in the first embodiment, which would represent a cost factor of DM 100,000 per frame, since two such hydraulic cylinder units 35 are provided per frame, this construction results in considerable cost savings.

As can also be seen from FIG. 16 (cf. also FIGS. 18 and 21), the movable pressure plate 87 is designed in a comparatively light construction as a box-shaped drawer 90, in which the single cylinders 89 are inserted.

In the embodiment according to FIG. 16, the movable pressure plate is supported on its two ends on lifting cylinders 91 which can be actuated to open the press nip 9.

In the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 16, the lifting cylinders 91 are arranged next to the plate 47 on the press table 7 of the lower pressure beam 82, two lateral supports 119 of the movable pressure plate 87 resting on their piston rods 118.

When the lifting cylinder 91 is extended, the movable pressure plate 87 is therefore moved upward to open the press nip 9, and at the same time the piston rods 120 of the single cylinder 89, which are supported directly on the underside 121 of the upper pressure beam 81, are moved into the latter, since in this operating state the single cylinders 89 are depressurized.

For repressing beet pulp, for example, as in the embodiment according to FIGS. 1 to 11, the stack 25 formed by the stacked layers 3, 4, 5 and 6 of the filter fabric and the material to be pressed is moved linearly and horizontally into the press nip 9, whereupon the lifting cylinders 91 are relieved. Subsequently, the static pressing pressure is applied in the pressing zone formed by the frames 80 arranged next to one another, by applying pressure to all the hydraulic single cylinders 89 and the stack 25 between the movable pressure plates 87 of the frames 80 lying next to one another and the upper sides of the lower pressure beams forming the pressing table 7 82 is compressed.

After the pressing process has ended, the pressure in all the single cylinders 89 is relieved, and the lifting cylinders 91 are actuated to open the press nip 9 in all the frames 80, so that the pressed-out section of the stack 25 by moving the filter belts 11, 12, 13, 14, 15 is moved out of the pressing zone and at the same time a section of the stack 25 that has not yet been pressed out is moved into the pressing zone, the lowermost filter belt sliding on the plates 47 made of low-friction plastic on the upper side of the lower pressure beams 82.

18 to 20, in the views mentioned, a modification of the pressing zone is shown, which is different with regard to the mounting of the hydraulic bed, i.e. that differentiates the box-shaped drawer 90 forming the movable pressure plate 87 from the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 16.

As shown, in this embodiment, each of the movable ones Pressure plates 87 consisting of two box-shaped drawers 90 with hydraulic single cylinders 89 arranged therein, the drawers 90 being fastened to one another on their side walls 122 lying next to one another within the supports 119 by bolts or the like.

On two adjacent supports 119 of a pair of drawers 90, as can be seen in particular from FIG. 19, guides 123 of approximately semicircular design are provided, which are slidably guided on the sides of the tie rods 85, 86 facing the press nip.

The next successive pair of drawers 90 of the adjacent movable pressure plate 87 is also connected along the side walls 122 to the pair of drawers 90 of the adjacent movable pressure plate 87, in which area, i.e. between two adjacent guides 123, the reciprocating pistons 91 attack. This construction limits the number of reciprocating pistons 91 and at the same time ensures that the movable pressure plate 87 is guided securely. At the same time, the entire hydraulic bed 88 of the press nip 9 of all the rigid frames 80 arranged next to one another is moved as a unit.

FIG. 21 shows an embodiment which corresponds essentially to the embodiment according to FIG. 18, in which two press nips 9, 9A are provided, the operation of this embodiment corresponding to the operation of the embodiment according to FIGS. 2 to 5, so in this regard, reference may be made to the description of the first embodiment.

As shown, in this embodiment, a movable intermediate plate 94 is provided between the hydraulic bed forming the movable pressure plate 87 of the first press nip 9 and a second hydraulic bed 93 arranged vertically below it, which forms a second movable pressure plate 92. The intermediate plate 94 has on its top 95 has a press surface 96 which forms the press table 7 of the first press nip 9.

The underside 97 of the intermediate plate 94 forms the abutment 98 for the hydraulic single cylinders 89 of the second hydraulic bed 93.

The intermediate plate 94 is provided with two lateral extensions 76 which receive the tie rod rods 85, 86 in bores (not shown) and are slidably guided thereon.

As with the other embodiments, the tie rods 85, 86 are connected at their upper ends 77 and lower ends 78 by nuts 79 or the like to the two pressure beams 81 and 82, which receive the tie rods 85, 86 in bores, not shown. This type of arrangement makes it possible to make certain basic settings for the size of the frame 80.

As in the embodiment according to FIG. 5, in the embodiment according to FIG. 21, pressing is carried out simultaneously in the two press nips 9 and 9A in the press zone. Here, the press nip 9 takes the stack 25 of the upper run 28 and the press nip 9A the stack 25 'of the lower run 29.

In order to press both stacks 25, 25 'simultaneously, the hydraulic single cylinders 89 of the two hydraulic beds 88 and 93 are acted on simultaneously, the pressure being built up uniformly in both press nips 9 and 9A due to the displaceability of the movable intermediate plate 94 on the tie rod rods 85 and 86 becomes. To open the press nips 9 and 9A after the pressing process, the lifting cylinders 91 associated with each hydraulic bed 88 and 93 are actuated, the lifting cylinder 91 belonging to the second hydraulic bed 93 moving the second hydraulic bed 93 against the intermediate plate 94.

FIG. 22 illustrates a particularly preferred embodiment of the discharge 50, as it is assigned to each of the filter belts 11, 12, 13, 14 and 15, in a side sectional view, a particularly preferred embodiment of the loading device 10 being shown below, which however, will be explained in detail with reference to FIG. 23. The embodiment of the drop 50 and the. Feeding device 10 is also shown schematically in FIGS. 12, 13 and 15, but can also be used in the embodiment according to FIGS. 1 to 11.

The preferred embodiment of the discharge shown in FIG. 22 is specifically geared to the special features of beet pulp to be pressed out, since this material to be pressed is a material which is extremely difficult to remove from the filter surfaces.

As shown, each discharge 50 has two deflection rollers 99, 100 which are driven in opposite directions to one another. The filter belts assigned to each discharge 50 (in the illustration of FIG. 22, the filter belts 11 and 12), which lie opposite one another in the stack 25 and receive the pressed material between them, are attached to the deflection rollers 99, 100 in the illustrated manner with the greatest possible looping of the first Deflection roller 99 separated from each other so that the layer of the material to be pressed between them is broken up. At the same time, one of the filter belts is removed from the stack above and passed over the deflection roller 100.

A brush roller 101 and 102 is provided opposite each of the deflection rollers 99, 100, the filter belt 11 being passed between the deflection roller 99 and the brush roller 101 and the filter belt 12 running between the deflection roller 100 and the brush roller 102.

The brush rollers 101 and 102 are driven opposite to the direction of rotation of the associated deflection roller 99 and 100 and consequently against the direction of movement of the filter belts 11 and 12.

In the illustrated position, the deflection roller 100 comes into direct contact with material to be pressed which may adhere to the filter belt 12, since it was contained as a layer between the filter belts 12 and 13. In order to prevent the material to be pressed from adhering to the surface of the deflecting roller 100, a scraper blade 103 is arranged on each of the deflecting rollers which come into direct contact with the material to be pressed in this way, which deposits adhering material to be pressed on the top of the filter belt which is moved on to the next discharge 50 .

The brushes of the brush rollers 101, 102 are preferably made of plastic and / or steel in order to ensure that the pressed material is reliably stripped off the filter belts.

As shown, the brush rollers are located at the open top of a trough-like housing 104 below the orbit of the filter belts 11 and 12 so that the material stripped by the brush rollers 101, 102 is collected in the housing 104.

Provided in the bottom 105 of the housing 104 is a conveying device, generally designated 106, for the pressed material, which in the preferred embodiment is a screw conveyor 107, which is particularly suitable for conveying pressed beet pulp.

The particularly preferred embodiment of the loading device 10, which is illustrated in detail in FIG. 23 and which is combined with the device 62 for regulating the layer thickness, is also particularly suitable and particularly suitable for beet pulp, since this pressed material is extremely difficult to obtain thin layer thicknesses of 10 mm evenly distributable material. The loading device 10 in combination with the device 62 for regulating the layer thickness is due to the constructive measures explained in more detail below designed for a consistently uniform layer thickness of the pressed material.

For this purpose, the loading device 10, as it is assigned to each of the filter belts 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, has a screw conveyor 108 which extends over the entire width of the filter belts.

In the area of the underside of the housing 109 of the screw conveyor 108, a material outlet slot 110 is provided, which extends over the entire width of the filter belts 11, 12, 13, 14, 15.

A rotating rotary scraper ring 112 is provided on the outside 111 of the housing 109 of the screw conveyor 108, the direction of rotation of the scraper ring 112 being opposite to the direction of rotation of the screw conveyor 113 of the screw conveyor 108.

The scraper ring 112 in turn has a half-shell-shaped guide housing 114 which has a straight-line feed edge 115 which extends over the entire width of the filter belts 11, 12, 13, 14, 15.

As shown, the material outlet slot 110 of the housing 109 of the screw conveyor 108 is offset in the direction of rotation of the screw conveyor 113 in relation to the feed edge 115, so that with respect to the material to be pressed emerging from the material outlet slot 110, the path to be covered in the guide housing 114 provides a certain buffering of the material flow, which is via the feed edge 115 reaches the filter belt underneath, is achieved.

As can be seen from FIG. 23, depending on the frequency with which the scraper bars 124 of the scraper ring 112 pass over the feed edge 115, there is still a slightly undulating application of the pressed material to the filter belt 12.

In order to compensate for this wave-shaped discharge, the device 62 is preferably designed as a rotationally driven chamber wheel 116, which likewise extends over the entire width of the filter belts 11, 12, 13, 14, 15.

The chamber wheel 116 is arranged in the direction of movement of a respective filter belt 11, 12, 13, 14, 15 behind the feed edge 115, the direction of rotation of the chamber wheel 116 being opposite to the direction of movement of the associated filter belt 11, 12, 13, 14 or 15 to increase the relative speed .

It is expressly pointed out that the object on which the invention is based is already achieved by a device which only works with a press nip 9, in which case the filter belts 11, 12, 13, 14 and 15 pass the loading devices 10 once again be returned to the entrance of the press nip 9 after they have passed their associated drop 50.

Likewise, a total of five or thirteen filter bands was assumed in the illustrated embodiment, although obviously any number of approximately 1 cm thick layers can be used. It is also obvious that, for example, 20 layers are possible with relatively little design effort.

REFERENCE SIGN LIST

1

= Device

2nd

= Filter fabric

3rd

= Location

4th

= Location

5

= Location

6

= Location

7

= Press table

8th

= Press top

9, 9A

= Press nip

10th

= Loading device

11

= Filter belt

12th

= Filter belt

13

= Filter belt

14

= Filter belt

15

= Filter belt

16

= Pressure plate (rigid)

17th

= Pressure plate (movable)

18th

= free end of 16

19th

= free end of 16

20th

= free end of 17th

21

= free end of 17th

22

= High pressure generator

23

= High pressure generator

24th

= Frame

25, 25 ′

= Stack

26

= Reversal range

27

= Reversal range

28

= Upper run

29

= Lower strand

30th

= Intermediate plate

31

= Pressing surface v. 30th

32

= Pressing surface v. 30th

33

= Pressing surface v. 17th

34

= Pressing surface v. 16

35

= Hydraulic cylinder units

36

= Cylinder housing

37

-

38

= Bolt

39

= lateral Extension of 16

40

= Piston rod

41

= Eye

42

= Bolt

43

= lateral Extension of 17th

44

= lateral Extension of 30th

45

= Hole in 44

46

= Driver

47

= Plate

48

= Filtrate collecting pan

49

= Filtrate collecting pan

50

= Dropping

51

= Cleaning device

52

= Bunker

53

= Scratch conveyor

54

= Feed chute

55

= Obertrum v. 53

56

= Lower run v. 53

57

= Pulley

58

= Pulley

59

= Role

60

= Role

61

= Role

62

= Device (layer thickness)

63

= Discard roll

64

= Doctor blade

64 ′, 65

= Pulley

66

= Pulley

67

= Pulley

68

= Discard roll

69

= Role

70

= Role

71

= Role

72

= Discard roll

73

= Role

74

= Pulley

75

= Pulley

76

= lateral Extension of 94

77

= Top end of 85, 86

78

= Lower end of 85, 86

79

= Nuts

80

= Frame

81

= Pressure bar

82

= Pressure bar

83

= free end of 81

84

= free end of 82

85

= Tie rod

86

= Tie rod

87

= movable printing plate

88

= hydraulic bed

89

= hydraulic single cylinder

90

= Drawer

91

= Lifting cylinder

92

= second pressure plate

93

= second hydraulic bed

94

= Intermediate plate

95

= Top of v. 94

96

= Pressing surface

97

= Bottom of v. 94

98

= Abutment

99

= Pulley

100

= Pulley

101

= Brush roller

102

= Brush roller

103

= Scraper blade

104

= Housing

105

= Floor v. 104

106

= Conveyor

107

= Screw conveyor

108

= Screw conveyor v. 10th

109

= Housing v. 108

110

= Material outlet slot

111

= Outside of 109

112

= Scratch ring

113

= Screw conveyor v. 108

114

= Guide housing

115

= Feed edge

116

= Chamber wheel

117

= Machine frame

118

= Piston rods v. 91

119

= Carrier

120

= Piston rods v. 89

121

= Bottom of v. 81

122

= Side wall v. 90

123

= Guided tours

124

= Scraper bars.

Claims (18)

1. Device for re-pressing sugar-beet chips in which the matter to be pressed is distributed in thin layers of approximately 10 mm thickness on filter cloths (2) and is then subjected in a plurality of superposed plies (3 - 6) to a high compressive pressure between a press platen (7) and a press crown (8) whereby each layer consists of one layer of filter cloth and one layer of matter to be pressed and in which a loading device (10) is provided to spread the matter to be pressed in layers on the filter cloth, wherein the press platen (7) and the press crown (8) are essentially level, rectilinear and horizontal and wherein the stack (25, 25') formed by the filter cloth (2) and the matter to be pressed is also fed rectilinearly and horizontally through the press opening (9, 9A) between the press platen (7) and the press crown (8) and wherein for each layer (3 - 6) a continuous filter belt (11, 12, 13, 14, 15) is provided running intermittently relative to a press cycle, wherein a loading device (10) is assigned to each filter belt and wherein the filter belts (11, 12, 13, 14, 15) run together in the same direction, wherein the filter belts (11, 12, 13, 14, 15) forming the stack (25, 25') are tracked between their terminal zones (26, 27) in a rectilinear, horizontal line in two stacks (25, 25') forming an upper strand (28) and a counter-running lower strand (29) of the belt circuit wherein two press openings (9, 9A) are provided, one of which accommodating the stack (25) on the upper strand (28) and the other the stack (25') on the lower strand (29).
2. Device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the press platen (7) and press crown (8) are formed within an enclosed rigid frame (80), wherein the frame (80) comprises an upper and a lower pressure beam (81, 82) and two tension rods (85, 86) linking the free ends (83, 84) of the pressure beams (81, 82) and maintaining a fixed distance between them, wherein the press platen (7) or the press crown (8) is formed by a pressure plate (87) which can move in the frame (80), wherein, the movable pressure plate (87) can be pressurized by pressurizing units (23) within the enclosed frame (80) and wherein the movable pressure plate (87) is formed as a hydraulic bed (88) where a number of pressurizing units are provided which are distributed over the length and/or width of the movable pressure plate (87).
3. Device as claimed in claim 2, wherein the pressurizing units (23) are located in two contiguous parallel rows on the movable pressure plate (87) and wherein six to twelve pressurizing units (23) are provided in each of the parallel rows.
4. Device as claimed in claim 2 or 3, wherein the pressurising units (23) are in the form of single hydraulic cylinders (89).
5. Device as claimed in any of claims 2 to 4, wherein the movable pressure plate (87) is in the form of a box-shaped drawer (90) into which the pressurizing units (23, 89) are inserted and wherein the movable pressure plate (87) is mounted on both ends of lifting cylinders (91) which can be actuated to open the press opening (9, 9A) and to retract the depressurized pressurizing units (23, 89).
6. Device as claimed in any of the above claims, wherein the press platen (7) and the press crown (8) are formed by at least one pair of pressure plates (16, 17) comprising a rigidly mounted pressure plate (16) and an opposed movable pressure plate (17) between which the stack (25, 25') of filter belts (11, 12, 13, 14, 15) runs with the matter to be pressed contained between the belts and wherein the pressure plates (16, 17) forming a pair are connected together by pressurizing units located at their free ends (18, 19, 20, 21) to form an enclosed frame (24).
7. Device as claimed in any of the above claims, wherein the press platen (7) and press crown (8) are formed by a plurality of adjacently located frames (24)
8. Device as claimed in claim 7, wherein between the hydraulic bed (88) forming the movable pressure plate (87) and a second hydraulic bed (93) forming a second movable pressure plate located vertically beneath this forming a second movable pressure plate (92), providing a movable intermediate plate (94), wherein the intermediate plate (84) comprises a press surface on its upper face (95) which forms the press platen (7) of the upper press opening (9) and wherein the lower face (97) of the intermediate plate (94) forms the abutment (98) for the pressurizing units (23, 89) of the second hydraulic bed (93).
9. Device as claimed in claim 8, wherein the intermediate plate (94) is provided with bores in two lateral extensions (76) which are located in guides which can be moved in sliding motion on the tension rods (85, 26) which connect the upper and lower pressure beams (81 and 82).
10. Device as claimed in claim 7, wherein a movable intermediate plate (30) is provided between the upper movable pressure plate (17) and the lower rigidly mounted pressure plate (16) providing a movable intermediate plate (30) comprising two press surfaces (31, 32) one of which (33) is located opposite to the press surfaces of the upper movable pressure plate (17) and the other opposite to the press surfaces of the lower rigidly mounted pressure plate and wherein the pressurizing units (22, 23) are formed as double actuating hydraulic cylinder units (35) and wherein the cylinder housing (36) of the piston cylinder units (35) is attached to the lower rigidly mounted pressure plate (16) wherein the piston rod (40) of the piston cylinder unit (35) is connected to the upper movable pressure plate (17), wherein the intermediate plate (30) is provided with bores (45) in two lateral extensions (44), wherein said bores (45) are located in guides which can be moved in sliding motion on the piston rods (40) and, wherein a driver (46) is attached to each piston rod (40), said driver being located below the bores (45).
11. Device as claimed in any of the above claims, wherein one plate (47) of plastic or similar material is attached on the press surface (31, 32, 33, 34) and wherein these plates (47) on the sides facing the stacks (25, 25') comprise open filtrate channels.
12. Device as claimed in one of the above claims, wherein the filter belts (11, 12, 13, 14, 15) which form the stacks (25, 25') are split into individual tracks via idlers or similar outside the press opening (9, 9A) and wherein one or more loading devices (10) and discharge units (50) are provided in each of the tracks for each filter belt (11, 12, 13, 14, 15) the number of which corresponds to the number of the press opening (9, 9A).
13. Device as claimed in claim 12, wherein at least one cleaning device (51) for the filter belts (11, 12, 13, 14, 15) is provided within each track.
14. Device as claimed in claims 12 and 13, wherein every discharge unit (50) comprises two idlers (99, 100) which run in opposed directions and, wherein two opposed filter belts (11 to 15) of the stack (25, 25') are separated from each other, wherein a brush roll (101, 102) is provided opposite each idler (99, 100) and wherein each filter belt (11, 12, 13, 14, 15) is fed between an idler (90, 100) and a brush roll (101, 102) in a counter-clockwise rotation relative of the respective idler (99, 100).
15. Device as claimed in claim 14, wherein a scraper (103) is located at the idler (99, 100) in direct contact with the matter to be pressed and wherein the bristles of the brush rolls (101, 102) are made of plastic and/or steel.
16. Device as claimed in claims 14 or 15, wherein the brush rolls (101, 102) are located below the track in a trough-like housing (104) open at the top and wherein a conveyor device (106) is provided for the matter to be pressed, wherein the conveyor device (106) is in the form of a screw conveyor (107).
17. Device as claimed in claim 12 to 16, wherein the loading device (10) is designed to provide a uniform layer of the matter to be pressed, wherein the loading device (10) comprises a screw conveyor (108) which spans the full width of the filter belts (11, 12, 13, 14, 15) and wherein in the region of the underside of the housing (109) of the screw conveyor (108) a material outlet opening (110) is provided which reaches across the full width of the filter belts (11, 12, 13, 14, 15) and wherein a circulating rotary-driven drag ring (112) is provided on the outside (111) of the housing (109) of the screw conveyor (108) and wherein the direction of the rotation of the drag ring (112) is opposed to the direction of rotation of the feed screw (113) of the screw conveyor (108) and, wherein the drag ring (112) is provided with a baffle housing (114) which comprises a rectilinear feed edge (115) over the full width of the filter belts (11, 12, 13, 14, 15) and, wherein the material outlet opening (110) is offset in the direction rotation of the feed screw (113) relative to the feed edge and, wherein a rotary-driven chamber wheel (116) is located behind the feed edge in the running direction of a filter belt (11, 12, 13, 14, 15) and, wherein the direction of rotation of the chamber wheel (116) is opposed to the running direction of the corresponding filter belt (11, 12, 13, 14, 15).
18. Device as claimed in one of the above claims 1 to 13, wherein the loading devices (10) are formed by a hopper (52), a chain slat conveyor or a bucket conveyor (53) and a feed chute (54) and wherein at least part of the filter belts (11, 12, 13, 14, 15) is fed outside the press opening (9, 9A) between the upper strand (55) and the lower strand (56) of the bucket conveyor (53).

Images