EP0288597A1 - Grate bar incineration for refuse destruction - Google Patents
Grate bar incineration for refuse destruction Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0288597A1 EP0288597A1 EP87110535A EP87110535A EP0288597A1 EP 0288597 A1 EP0288597 A1 EP 0288597A1 EP 87110535 A EP87110535 A EP 87110535A EP 87110535 A EP87110535 A EP 87110535A EP 0288597 A1 EP0288597 A1 EP 0288597A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- grate
- combustion
- air
- grate bars
- bars
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
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Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23L—SUPPLYING AIR OR NON-COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS OR GASES TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS IN GENERAL ; VALVES OR DAMPERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CONTROLLING AIR SUPPLY OR DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; INDUCING DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; TOPS FOR CHIMNEYS OR VENTILATING SHAFTS; TERMINALS FOR FLUES
- F23L1/00—Passages or apertures for delivering primary air for combustion
- F23L1/02—Passages or apertures for delivering primary air for combustion by discharging the air below the fire
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/002—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor characterised by their grates
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23H—GRATES; CLEANING OR RAKING GRATES
- F23H3/00—Grates with hollow bars
- F23H3/02—Grates with hollow bars internally cooled
Definitions
- the invention relates to a grate furnace for the combustion of household waste, similar to household waste and paste waste, to which the combustion air for the combustion of waste is fed horizontally. Since a uniform combustion of the garbage on the incineration grate is sought, also in the case that the garbage whether dry or moist, a forced air-cooled grate bar shape has been chosen according to the invention, which optimally supplies the combustion air by means of air nozzles or air slots for the combustion of the garbage becomes.
- the previously mentioned disadvantage of such grate furnaces for refuse boilers is avoided by using grate bars with forced air cooling as a closed combustion grate without stomata, the combustion air being uniform over the entire grate width, primarily through the arranged air nozzles or air slots on the grate bar lugs, the Garbage is fed horizontally and an optimal combustion and burnout of the garbage on the grate ensures picture 3. Further features of the subject matter of the invention result from the exemplary embodiment described below.
- FIG. 4 shows a grate furnace for waste boilers according to the invention in a vertical longitudinal section.
- the combustion chamber 2 Below the combustion chamber 2 is the combustion grate with the individual grate bars 1, on which the garbage 3 or the like is filled, the combustion air via the air distribution boxes 4, which are accommodated in ash funnels 7, through the forced air-cooled grate bars horizontal 5 and 6 for the combustion from garbage or the like.
- a grate bar Figure 5 and several grate bars are shown assembled to form a dense grate surface without the formation of a gap between the individual grate bars Figure 6.
- air channels 3 and 4 are attached for cooling the grate bar 1, which at the end of the lugs 2 and 2a, with air nozzles or air slots 5 and 6 are provided.
- the air nozzles or air slots directed towards the sliding surfaces 9 and 10 or 13 Fig. 6 feed the combustion air horizontally across the entire grate width 14 Fig. 6 for the incineration of waste.
- the sliding surfaces are cooled by the air ducts, which guide forced combustion air, thereby keeping the grate bar temperature very low and thus preventing metal build-up.
- the individual grate bars are provided with holes 7 Fig. 6, which are screwed together by means of bar anchors to form a grate flat surface without gap formation between the individual grate bars, which enables the desired combustion of paste waste, which is not possible with conventional grate bar shapes.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Incineration Of Waste (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf eine Rostfeuerung für die Verbrennung von Hausmüll-, Hausmüllähnlichen- und Pastösenabfallstoff, dem die Verbrennungsluft für die Verbrennung vom Müll horizontal zugeführt wird.
Da eine gleichmäßige Verbrennung vom Müll auf dem Verbrennungsrost angestrebt wird, auch für den Fall, daß der Müll ob trocken oder feucht, ist gemäß der Erfindung eine zwangsluftgekühlte Roststabform gewählt worden, die optimal die Verbrennungsluft mittels Luftdüsen bzw. Luftschlitze für die Verbrennung vom Müll zugeleitet wird.The invention relates to a grate furnace for the combustion of household waste, similar to household waste and paste waste, to which the combustion air for the combustion of waste is fed horizontally.
Since a uniform combustion of the garbage on the incineration grate is sought, also in the case that the garbage whether dry or moist, a forced air-cooled grate bar shape has been chosen according to the invention, which optimally supplies the combustion air by means of air nozzles or air slots for the combustion of the garbage becomes.
Es sind genügend Rostfeuerungen für die Müllkessel bekannt, die dem Müll auf dem Verbrennungsrost die Verbrennungsluft stets von unten durch den Längsspalt zwischen den einzelnen Roststäben vertikal nach oben eingeblasen wird Bild 1.
Aufgrund der ungleichmäßigen Spaltbildung zwischen den einzelnen herkömmlichen Roststäben, bedingt durch Verklemmung oder Verkeilung der Roststäbe, Durchfall und hängenbleiben des Mülls zwischen den Roststäben, nicht ausreichende Kühlung der Roststäbe und demzufolge unterschiedliche Dehnungen der einzelnen Roststäbe, verursacht eine ungleichmäßige Verbrennungsluftzuführung Bild 2.
Dadurch entsteht an unterschiedlichen Stellen eine übererhöhte Verbrennungsluftgeschwindigkeit, die den groben Flugstaub und leichte Müllgutteile mitreißt, statt in die Schlacke eingebunden bzw. auf dem Rost verbrannt zu werden, verursacht eine frühzeitige Ablagerungen und Anbackungen an den Nachschaltheizflächen im Müllkessel. Weiterhin fällt durch die größeren Spaltöffnungen zwischen de Roststäben ein unverbranntes Müllgut in den Aschetrichter, der von dem herabfallenden noch glühenden Ascheteilchen zum Zünden gebracht wird und ein Trichterbrand unterhalb des Verbrennungsrostes verursachen kann.
Durch die bedingt entstehende übererhöhte Verbrennungstemperatur, fleißt Weißmetall durch die größeren Rostspaltöffnungen in die Asche trichter und kann ebenfalls zu Störungen der Entaschung führen. Aufgrund der konstruktiven Gestaltung der bisherigen Roststäbe, ist eine optimale Kühlung der Roststäbe nicht gegeben, es tritt eine partielle Übertemperatur in den einzelnen Roststäben auf, die wie bekannte zu metallischen Aufschweißungen auf den Rutschflächen der Roststäbe führt, und die zu eine Blockierung der Rostbewegung die Folge haben kann.
Die vertikal ungleichmäßig zugeführte Verbrennungsluft läßt auf einne unvollständige Verbrennung des Mülls schließen, die ein übererhöhte CO-Bildung und somit eine Korrosion an den Rohrheizflächen verursacht.Sufficient grate furnaces for the waste boilers are known, which always blow the combustion air vertically upwards from below through the longitudinal gap between the individual grate bars.
Due to the uneven gap formation between the individual conventional grate bars, due to jamming or wedging of the grate bars, diarrhea and the garbage getting stuck between the grate bars, insufficient cooling of the grate bars and consequently different expansion of the individual grate bars causes an uneven combustion air supply Figure 2.
This creates an excessively high combustion air velocity at different points, which entrains the coarse flying dust and light waste parts instead of being bound into the slag or burned on the grate, causing premature deposits and caking on the secondary heating surfaces in the waste boiler. Furthermore, through the larger gap openings between the grate bars, an unburned waste material falls into the ash funnel, which is ignited by the falling, still glowing ash particles and can cause a funnel fire below the combustion grate.
Due to the resulting excessive combustion temperature, white metal eats through the larger rust openings in the ashes funnel and can also lead to ash removal. Due to the constructive design of the previous grate bars, there is no optimal cooling of the grate bars, there is a partial overtemperature in the individual grate bars, which, as is known, leads to metallic welds on the sliding surfaces of the grate bars and which results in the rust movement being blocked may have.
The vertically unevenly supplied combustion air suggests incomplete combustion of the waste, which causes excessive CO formation and thus corrosion on the pipe heating surfaces.
Nach der Erfindung werden die bisher bei derartigen Rostfeuerungen für Müllkessel die genannten Nachteil vermieden, indem Roststäbe mit Zwangsluftkühlung als geschlossener Verbrennungsrost ohne Spaltöffnungen verwendet wird, wobei die Verbrennungsluft gleichmäßig auf der gesamte Rostbreite, vornehmlich durch die angeordneten Luftdüsen bzw. Luftschlitze an den Roststabnasen, dem Müll horizontal zugeführt und eine optimale Verbrennung und Ausbrand des Mülls auf dem Rost gewährleistet Bild 3.
Weitere Merkmale des Erfindungsgegenstandes ergeben sich an Hand nachstehend beschriebenen Ausführungsbeispiels.According to the invention, the previously mentioned disadvantage of such grate furnaces for refuse boilers is avoided by using grate bars with forced air cooling as a closed combustion grate without stomata, the combustion air being uniform over the entire grate width, primarily through the arranged air nozzles or air slots on the grate bar lugs, the Garbage is fed horizontally and an optimal combustion and burnout of the garbage on the grate ensures
Further features of the subject matter of the invention result from the exemplary embodiment described below.
Der grunsächliche Aufbau der Rostfeuerung für ein Müllkessel gemäß der Erfindung ähnelt den bekannten Rostfeuerungen mit vertikaler Verbrennungsluftzuführung Bild 1.
Im Bild 4 ist eine Rostfeuerung für Müllkessel gemäß der Erfindung in vertikalem Längsschnitt dargestellt. Unterhalb des Feuerraumes 2 befindet sich der Verbrennungsrost mit den einzelnen Roststäben 1, auf dem der Müll 3 oder dgl. aufgefüllt ist, die Verbrennungsluft über die Luftverteilerkästen 4, die in Aschetrichter 7 untergebracht sind, durch die zwangsluftgekühlten Roststäbe horizontal 5 und 6 für die Verbrennung von Müll oder dgl. zugeführt wird.
Gemäß der Erfindung ist ein Roststab Bild 5 sowie mehrere Roststäbe zu einer dichten Rostfläche ohne Spaltbildung zwischen den einzelnen Roststäben zusammengefügt dargestellt Bild 6.The basic structure of the grate furnace for a waste boiler according to the invention is similar to the known grate furnace with vertical combustion air supply, Figure 1.
Figure 4 shows a grate furnace for waste boilers according to the invention in a vertical longitudinal section. Below the
According to the invention, a grate bar Figure 5 and several grate bars are shown assembled to form a dense grate surface without the formation of a gap between the individual grate bars Figure 6.
Am Roststab 1 Bild 5, sind auf jeder Seite am Steg 8, Luftkanäle 3 und 4, mit Kühlrippen 11 und 12, für die Kühlung des Roststabes 1 angebracht, die am Ende der Nasen 2 und 2a, mit Luftdüsen bzw. Luftschlitze 5 und 6 versehen sind.
Die auf die Rutschflächen 9 und 10 bzw. 13 Bild 6, gerichteten Luftdüsen bzw. Luftschlitze, führen die Verbrennungsluft horizontal auf der gesamten Rostbreite 14 Bild 6 für die Verbrennung vom Müll zu. Weiterhin werden die Rutschflächen, durch die Luftkanäle zwangsgeführte Verbrennungsluft gekühlt, dadurch die Roststabtemperatur sehr niedrig gehalten und somit die metallischen Aufschweißungen verhindern.On the
The air nozzles or air slots directed towards the
Mittels der gleichmäßig auf der gesamten Rostbreite zugeführte Verbrennungsluft, entsteht eine ruhige statt pulsierende und somit eine optimale Verbrennung vom Müll, die den CO-Gehalt und die Korrosion an den Rohrheizflächen weitgehend herabsetzt, mehr Flugstaub in die Schlacke einbindet, die leichten Müllgutteile auf den Roststäben verbrennt, und folglich eine frühzeitige Anbackungen und Ablagerungen an den Nachschaltheizflächen im Müllkessel verhindert.By means of the combustion air supplied evenly across the entire grate width, a steady instead of pulsating and therefore optimal combustion of the garbage occurs, which largely reduces the CO content and corrosion on the pipe heating surfaces, incorporates more flying dust into the slag and the light waste material parts on the grate bars burns, and thus prevents premature caking and deposits on the secondary heating surfaces in the waste boiler.
Die einzelnen Roststäbe sind mit Bohrungen 7 Bild 6 versehen, die mittels Stabanker zu einer Rostplanfläche ohne Spaltbildung zwischen den einzelnen Roststäben zusammengeschraubt sind, ermöglicht die gewünschte Verbrennung von Pastösenabfallstoff, die bei den herkömmlichen Roststabformen nicht möglich ist.The individual grate bars are provided with
Claims (6)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| AT87110535T ATE60832T1 (en) | 1987-04-25 | 1987-07-21 | GRANT FIRING FOR WASTE INCINERATION. |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE3716082 | 1987-04-25 | ||
| DE3716082 | 1987-04-25 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0288597A1 true EP0288597A1 (en) | 1988-11-02 |
| EP0288597B1 EP0288597B1 (en) | 1991-02-06 |
Family
ID=6327507
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP87110535A Expired - Lifetime EP0288597B1 (en) | 1987-04-25 | 1987-07-21 | Grate bar incineration for refuse destruction |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0288597B1 (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE60832T1 (en) |
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE3913885A1 (en) * | 1989-04-27 | 1990-10-31 | Omnical Gmbh | Boiler with provision for burning wet fuel - has extended hearth which forms part of drying chamber, with fuel dried by forced draught of recirculated flue gas |
| EP0458108A3 (en) * | 1990-05-21 | 1992-04-08 | Nkk Corporation | Grate structure for a horizontal type incineator |
| EP0499912A3 (en) * | 1991-02-18 | 1993-01-07 | Noell-K+K Abfalltechnik Gmbh | Grate bar and grate for combustion plants |
| DE19860553A1 (en) * | 1998-12-22 | 2000-06-29 | Mannesmann Ag | Liquid-cooled combustion grille, with primary air apertures in endface side of grille rod head |
| DE102004034322A1 (en) * | 2004-07-15 | 2006-02-09 | Lurgi Lentjes Ag | Grate plate, associated combustion grate and corresponding waste incineration plant |
| DE102004032291A1 (en) * | 2004-07-03 | 2006-02-09 | Lurgi Lentjes Ag | Grate plate, associated combustion grate and corresponding waste incineration plant |
| WO2005114051A3 (en) * | 2004-05-14 | 2006-06-08 | Eco Technologies Llc | Starved air inclined hearth combustor |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CH543045A (en) * | 1970-09-29 | 1973-10-15 | Sigg Conrad | Equipment for incinerating waste materials, in particular garbage, sludge and residues |
| US4463688A (en) * | 1982-05-13 | 1984-08-07 | Von Roll Ag. | Grate block for a refuse incineration grate |
| DE3428586A1 (en) * | 1983-08-30 | 1985-03-07 | Deutsche Richard Kablitz Gesellschaft für Ökonomie der Dampferzeugungskosten und Feuerungskontrolle Richard Kablitz GmbH & Co KG, 6970 Lauda | Sloping grate for furnaces |
-
1987
- 1987-07-21 EP EP87110535A patent/EP0288597B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1987-07-21 AT AT87110535T patent/ATE60832T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CH543045A (en) * | 1970-09-29 | 1973-10-15 | Sigg Conrad | Equipment for incinerating waste materials, in particular garbage, sludge and residues |
| US4463688A (en) * | 1982-05-13 | 1984-08-07 | Von Roll Ag. | Grate block for a refuse incineration grate |
| DE3428586A1 (en) * | 1983-08-30 | 1985-03-07 | Deutsche Richard Kablitz Gesellschaft für Ökonomie der Dampferzeugungskosten und Feuerungskontrolle Richard Kablitz GmbH & Co KG, 6970 Lauda | Sloping grate for furnaces |
Cited By (14)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE3913885A1 (en) * | 1989-04-27 | 1990-10-31 | Omnical Gmbh | Boiler with provision for burning wet fuel - has extended hearth which forms part of drying chamber, with fuel dried by forced draught of recirculated flue gas |
| EP0458108A3 (en) * | 1990-05-21 | 1992-04-08 | Nkk Corporation | Grate structure for a horizontal type incineator |
| US5197397A (en) * | 1990-05-21 | 1993-03-30 | Nkk Corporation | Grate structure for a horizontal type incinerator |
| EP0499912A3 (en) * | 1991-02-18 | 1993-01-07 | Noell-K+K Abfalltechnik Gmbh | Grate bar and grate for combustion plants |
| DE19860553A1 (en) * | 1998-12-22 | 2000-06-29 | Mannesmann Ag | Liquid-cooled combustion grille, with primary air apertures in endface side of grille rod head |
| DE19860553C2 (en) * | 1998-12-22 | 2001-03-29 | Mannesmann Ag | Liquid-cooled combustion grate |
| US7448331B2 (en) | 2004-05-14 | 2008-11-11 | Eco/Technologies, Llc | Starved air inclined hearth combustor |
| CN100580318C (en) * | 2004-05-14 | 2010-01-13 | 美商·Eco/科技有限公司 | Tilted Hearth Burners Lack of Air |
| US7624690B2 (en) | 2004-05-14 | 2009-12-01 | Eco/Technologies, Llc | Starved air inclined hearth combustor |
| WO2005114051A3 (en) * | 2004-05-14 | 2006-06-08 | Eco Technologies Llc | Starved air inclined hearth combustor |
| DE102004032291B4 (en) * | 2004-07-03 | 2006-07-13 | Lurgi Lentjes Ag | grate plate |
| DE102004032291A1 (en) * | 2004-07-03 | 2006-02-09 | Lurgi Lentjes Ag | Grate plate, associated combustion grate and corresponding waste incineration plant |
| DE102004034322B4 (en) * | 2004-07-15 | 2006-09-28 | Lurgi Lentjes Ag | grate plate |
| DE102004034322A1 (en) * | 2004-07-15 | 2006-02-09 | Lurgi Lentjes Ag | Grate plate, associated combustion grate and corresponding waste incineration plant |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP0288597B1 (en) | 1991-02-06 |
| ATE60832T1 (en) | 1991-02-15 |
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