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EP0259503A1 - Installation de plasma a induction - Google Patents

Installation de plasma a induction Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0259503A1
EP0259503A1 EP87902862A EP87902862A EP0259503A1 EP 0259503 A1 EP0259503 A1 EP 0259503A1 EP 87902862 A EP87902862 A EP 87902862A EP 87902862 A EP87902862 A EP 87902862A EP 0259503 A1 EP0259503 A1 EP 0259503A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
winding
inductor
plasmatron
induction plasma
plasma system
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP87902862A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0259503A4 (fr
Inventor
Nikolai Ivanovich Fomin
Vladimir Sergeevich Malinovsky
German Dmitrievich Zaitsev
Alexandr Lvovich Rezunenko
Alexandr Alexandrovich Prostyakov
Evgeny Petrovich Terekhov
Mikhail Mironovich Krutyansky
Vadim Georgievich Ladozhsky
Mikhail Petrovich Chaikin
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
VSESOJUZNY NAUCHNO-ISSLEDOVATELSKY PROEKTNO-KONSTRUKTORSKY I TEKHNOLOGICHESKY INST ELEKTROTERMICHESKOGO OBORUDOVANIA VNIIETO
Original Assignee
VSESOJUZNY NAUCHNO-ISSLEDOVATELSKY PROEKTNO-KONSTRUKTORSKY I TEKHNOLOGICHESKY INST ELEKTROTERMICHESKOGO OBORUDOVANIA VNIIETO
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by VSESOJUZNY NAUCHNO-ISSLEDOVATELSKY PROEKTNO-KONSTRUKTORSKY I TEKHNOLOGICHESKY INST ELEKTROTERMICHESKOGO OBORUDOVANIA VNIIETO filed Critical VSESOJUZNY NAUCHNO-ISSLEDOVATELSKY PROEKTNO-KONSTRUKTORSKY I TEKHNOLOGICHESKY INST ELEKTROTERMICHESKOGO OBORUDOVANIA VNIIETO
Publication of EP0259503A1 publication Critical patent/EP0259503A1/fr
Publication of EP0259503A4 publication Critical patent/EP0259503A4/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B11/00—Heating by combined application of processes covered by two or more of groups H05B3/00 - H05B7/00

Definitions

  • the invention relates to electrosolar assemblies and in particular relates to an induction plasma system.
  • induction melting systems which enable the production of metal with a uniform temperature and homogeneous chemical composition by intensive electrodynamic mixing of the melt in the crucible, have been widely used. These systems are suitable for remelting the insert (including the waste materials) and for overheating and allowing the melt to stand.
  • active metallurgical treatment of the metal in an induction system because of the low temperature of the active slags (fluxes) that form.
  • induction plasma systems which combine two heating sources (induction and plasma heating source) in one unit and take advantage of both types of heating. They offer the possibility to carry out an active technological treatment of the metal by the presence of a "warm slag", to significantly reduce the content of gases, non-metallic inclusions and harmful admixtures, to significantly reduce the melting time and to reduce the energy consumption for producing a ton of metal. With these Plants were created to create favorable conditions for remelting and reducing ore and fuel pellets. The combination of two types of heating also enables a significant increase in the specific power and capacity of the system.
  • an induction plasma system is known (SU copyright certificate 462 320, published in the sheet “Discoveries, Inventions, Designs, Trademarks", No. 8, 1975), which contains a melting insert which is arranged in an inductor connected to a capacitor bank and an AC power source. and contains at least one plasmatron which is electrically coupled to the inductor, in particular connected in series therewith.
  • the system described is characterized by low capacity, and it is not possible to achieve a high quality of the melting material in it, because the circuit of the inductor if the plasma arc is accidentally torn off (e.g. due to inferior use) or if the plasma cartridge is switched off, which is caused by the requirements of technological leadership was inevitably interrupted, which leads to the inductor being switched off from the source and to the interruption of the technological melting process.
  • the system mentioned there is practically no possibility of independently controlling the electrical operating state of the inductor and plasmatron. There is therefore no possibility of purposefully influencing the course of the technological process and the quality of the melting material.
  • PCT / SU application 86/00048 dated May 29, 1986 contains an insert melting vessel which is arranged in an inductor connected to a capacitor bank and an AC power source, and a plasmatron or a group of plasmatrones which are electrically coupled to one another which is connected in parallel to part of the inductor windings.
  • the invention has for its object an induction plasma system with such a structural design of the inductor and its connection to a Vechselstrom provoke and a plasmatron or a plasmatron group to develop that enables an expansion of the power control range of a plasmatron or a plasmatron group.
  • an induction plasma system which contains an insert melting vessel which is arranged in an inductor connected to a capacitor bank and an alternating current source, and a plasmatron or a group of plasmatrons electrically connected to one another which is connected in parallel with a winding part of the inductor that part of the inductor windings to which the plasmatron or the plasmatron group is connected in parallel is designed in the form of a first winding and the remaining windings in the form of a second winding, which is electrically insulated from the first winding and connected to the capacitor bank and AC source.
  • the first inductor winding is arranged to be displaceable relative to the second winding in a direction perpendicular to its axis.
  • the second winding of the inductor is at least partially covered by its first winding.
  • the first winding of the inductor is arranged to be axially displaceable relative to its second winding.
  • the inductor in the induction plasma system is provided with a magnetic conductor and its second winding is made from two parts, one of which is attached to this magnetic conductor together with the first inductor winding and is magnetically insulated from the other part of the second inductor winding.
  • the induction plasma system has an additional cord capacitor battery with adjustable capacity, which with the first winding of the inductor or the part attached to the magnetic conductor second winding is electrically coupled.
  • the induction plasma system allows the capacity control range of a plasmatron or the plasmatron group to be expanded, thereby ensuring the capacity increase of the system and quality improvement of the melting material.
  • the induction plasma system contains an insert melting vessel (FIG. 1) arranged in an inductor 2 as well as a capacitor bank 3 and an alternating current source 4.
  • a plasmatron or a plasmatron group On the lid 5 of the vessel 1 there is a plasmatron or a plasmatron group, in the embodiment to be described approximately an arc plasmatron 6 height adjustable.
  • the Plamatron 6 is part of the turns of the inductor 2, which form a first winding 7, which is electrically insulated by means of intermediate layers 8 made of dielectric against the remaining turns of the inductor 2, which is a second winding connected to the capacitor bank 3 and AC source 4 Form 9, connected in parallel.
  • a bottom electrode 10 is arranged on the bottom of the vessel 1 and is intended for closing the working circuit of the plasmatron 6 via plasma arc 11, insert 12 to be melted down and melting material 13.
  • the bottom electrode 10 can be metallic, cooled with water or another coolant, graphite or ceramic-metallic.
  • the auxiliary arc is ignited with the aid of an oscillator 14 connected to the cathode 15 and nozzle 16 of the plasmatron 6.
  • the main circuit of the plasmatron 6 is formed by the following elements - first winding 7 of the inductor, plasmatron 6, plasma arc 11, insert 12 to be melted down, melting material 13, bottom electrode 10, first winding 7 of the inductor 2.
  • the induction plasma system which is essentially similar to that described above is possible.
  • the system contains a second plasmatron 17 (FIG. 2) connected in series with the plasmatron 6.
  • the main circuit is closed by means of the Plaamalabohen 18 of the Plasmatrons 17 generated by the Plasmatron 6.
  • the system contains a device 19 for adjusting the first inductor winding relative to the second winding in one on its axis vertical direction.
  • the apparatus 19 includes a housing secured to a l-u se 21 and a nut 20 to a rotary drive 23 and the winding 7 connected screw 22nd
  • the winding 7 (FIG. 3) at least partially includes the winding 9 and is provided with a device 24 for axial displacement relative to the second winding, which enables the electrical operating state of the plasmatron 6 to be regulated within wide limits.
  • the device 24 is designed similar to the device 19.
  • the inductor 2 is provided with a magnetic conductor 25 and its second winding 9 consists of two parts 9 'and 9 ".
  • the part 9' of the winding 9 is common to the first winding 7 of the inductor 2 arranged on this Magaetleiter 25 and magnetically isolated from the other part 9 ". In the embodiment to be described, it is at a considerable distance, which excludes a magnetic interaction.
  • the system contains a capacitor battery 26 with adjustable capacity, which with the first winding? of the inductor 2 or the part 9 '(FIG. 5) of its second winding 9 located on the magnetic conductor 25 is electrically coupled.
  • the parts 9' and 9" of the second winding 9 of the inductor 2 can be parallel to one another as in FIG. 4 or in series as in FIG. 5 can be switched.
  • the induction plasma system works as follows.
  • the vessel 1 (FIG. 1) is charged with the insert 12 to be melted down and closed with the lid 5.
  • the winding 9 of the inductor 2 is connected to the capacitor bank 3 and the AC power source 4.
  • the Plasmatron 6, which is with the help of intermediate layers electrically insulated from 8 dielectric against the second winding 9 of the inductor 2 with the first winding 7 pera l lelge- on.
  • the AC power source 4 is switched on and the total inductive resistance of the electromagnetic system, consisting of the second winding 9 of the inductor 2, the first winding 7 and the plasmatron 6, as well as connecting rails and cables (not shown in the drawing) is compensated for with the aid of the adjustable lap capacity part of the capacitor bank 3 .
  • the heating of the insert 12 entered into the vessel 1 is started with the eddy currents induced with the aid of the second winding 9 of the inductor 2.
  • the oscillator 14 switches on, with the aid of which an auxiliary arc is ignited between the cathode 15 and the nozzle 16 of the plasmatron 6.
  • the plasma-forming gas (as a rule automatically) is fed to the gap between the cathode and the nozzle 16.
  • the main arc 11 is then ignited between the cathode 15 of the plasmatron 6 and the insert 12, which is in electrical contact with the anode (bottom electrode 10) via the melting material 13 or directly (at the beginning of the melting).
  • the insert 12 melts quickly under the influence of the high temperature of the plasma arc 11, and the resulting melting material 13 is mixed and additionally preheated with the aid of the second winding 9 of the inductor 2.
  • the plasmatron 6 is switched off, the cover 5 is moved to the side, and a second charge set is entered into the vessel 1. It is desirable to load the vessel 1 as much as possible.
  • the vessel 1 is closed with the lid 5, the auxiliary arc and then also the main arc 11 ignited, and the melting continues until the loaded insert 12 has completely melted.
  • the melt material 13 is optionally overheated and, if provided in the manufacturing process, refined and alloyed.
  • the alloying elements can be entered into the vessel 1 without the cover 5 having to be removed and the plasmatron 6 having to be switched off.
  • the technological treatment of the melt can take place both when connecting only the second winding 9 of the inductor 2 and when the inductor 2 and the plasmatron 6 are operated together.
  • active slags fluxes
  • the metallurgical processes in the "metal slag" system are considerably intensified under the action of the high temperatures of the plasma arc 11, the high cleaning of the metal from harmful mixtures achieved, the thin liquid of the slags is considerably improved, which contributes to a significant improvement in the quality of the melting material and facilitates the removal of the slag from the vessel 1.
  • the inventive design of the inductor 2 also reduces the undesirable arbitrary influence of the circuit of the plasmatron 6 on that of the inductor 2 and the alternating current source 4, including when there is a rapid change in the burning conditions of the plasma arc 11, because these circuits do not interconnect with one another in the system "rigid” (electrical), but “soft” (magnetic) are coupled. This increases the operational reliability and safety of the system because the plasmatron 6 carries a voltage which is only given by the stable burning conditions of the plasma arc and does not carry the voltage of the alternating current source 4.
  • the system offers the possibility of stabilizing the operating states of the inductor 2 and the plasmatron 6 and of expanding the operating state control range of the plasmatron 6.
  • the operation of the induction plasma system shown in Fig. 2 is similar to that described above.
  • One difference is that in the system the first winding 7 of the inductor 2 is designed to be displaceable relative to the second winding 9 in a direction perpendicular to the axis of the winding 9 by means of the device 19.
  • By turning the screw 22 of the drive 23, its reciprocating movement in the nut 20 takes place together with the winding 7.
  • the asymmetry of the magnetic field generated in this movement in the upper part of the vessel 1 leads to such an interaction between the plasma arcs 11, 18 and the magnetic field, in which they are, as it were, coiled. Their length and cross section of action increase noticeably, which leads to a change in the electrical operating state (to an increase in voltage) of the plasma cartridge 6, 17 and to an enlarged area of the anode focal spots on the spittle of the melting material 13. As a result, the surface of the melting material 13 is less concentrated and thus heated more evenly, its overheating is reduced, and the melting losses and alloying elements are saved. In the end, the metal quality will be better.
  • the asymmetry of the magnetic field also leads to a change in the type of circulation of the melt in vessel 1 and to the intensification of physico-chemical processes at the "metal-active slag" boundary, which also contributes to improving the quality of the melt.
  • the operating state of the plasma cartridge 6, 17 depends to a large extent on the size of the magnetic coupling between the windings 7 and 9, which is given by their mutual arrangement.
  • the design of the inductor 2 (FIG. 3), in which its winding 7 at least partially comprises the winding 9, enables the required operating state of the plasmatron to be set by selecting the position of the winding 7 relative to the winding 9 and securing it in this position J the more the winding 7 includes the winding 9, the stronger the magnetic coupling and the higher the voltage on the winding 7 and the plasmatron 6 under otherwise identical conditions. This offers the possibility of rationally selecting the power ratio between the inductor 2 and the plasmatron 6, for example depending on the type of the melting material.
  • the voltage increase on the Plasmatron 6 leads to an increase in its performance and thus to an increase in the capacity of the system.
  • the temperature in the area of the plasma arc 11 increases, which is accompanied by gas and harmful admixtures and contributes to the dissociation of non-metallic inclusions.
  • a further increase in the capacity of the plant is achieved in the embodiments shown in FIGS. 4 and 5. Due to the controllability of the magnetic coupling between the part 9 'of the second winding 7, which are arranged on the common magnetic conductor 25, and thus the controllability of the power and temperature of the plasma arc 11, a possibility can be found in detail, an intensive course of the physico-chemical Secure processes in the melt and at the "metal slag" border.
  • the electromagnetic mixing of the melt which is independent of the operation of the plasmatron 6 and which is ensured with the part 9 ′′ of the second winding 9 which is magnetically insulated from the part 9 ′, also offers the possibility of intensify processes in the metal.
  • the absence of the magnetic coupling ensures the independence of the operating state of the plasmatron 6 from the change in the properties of the feed material during melting (loss of the magnetic properties of the insert, change in the specific electrical resistance with the rise in temperature of the metal, change in the physical state of the feed material). This makes it possible to maintain the optimal operating state of the plasmatron 6 in the course of the entire melting process in order to increase the capacity of the system and to improve the quality of the melting material.
  • the optimal operating state of the plasmatron 6 is also realized by the capacity control of the capacitor bank 26, which allows the voltage at the plasmatron 6 to be increased by an additional 10 to 15% and thus the capacity of the system while the voltage of the alternating current source 4 remains the same.
  • the induction plasma system is intended for melting and for the technological treatment of high-quality ferrous and non-ferrous metals and alloys in metallurgy and foundries.

Landscapes

  • Furnace Details (AREA)
  • Control Of High-Frequency Heating Circuits (AREA)
  • Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
  • Discharge Heating (AREA)
  • Nitrogen And Oxygen Or Sulfur-Condensed Heterocyclic Ring Systems (AREA)
  • Plasma Technology (AREA)

Abstract

Installation de plasma à induction dans laquelle un récipient (1) permettant de faire fondre une charge est monté à l'intérieur d'un inducteur (2), dont une partie des spires servent de premier enroulement (7), auquel est relié en parallèle un plasmatron (6) ou un groupe de plasmatrons reliés électriquement. Les autres spires de l'inducteur (2) servent d'enroulement secondaire (9) isolé électriquement du premier enroulement (2) et connecté à une batterie de condensateurs (3) et à une source (4) de courant alternatif.
EP19870902862 1986-03-14 1986-12-15 Installation de plasma a induction. Withdrawn EP0259503A4 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SU4032997 1986-03-14
SU4032997 1986-03-14

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0259503A1 true EP0259503A1 (fr) 1988-03-16
EP0259503A4 EP0259503A4 (fr) 1988-07-14

Family

ID=21224913

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19870902862 Withdrawn EP0259503A4 (fr) 1986-03-14 1986-12-15 Installation de plasma a induction.

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0259503A4 (fr)
JP (1) JPS63502709A (fr)
HU (1) HU203009B (fr)
WO (1) WO1987005775A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1130441C (zh) * 1995-02-02 2003-12-10 巴特勒－迈默瑞尔研究所 废物处理和资源再生用的可调节、自供能量的一体型电弧等离子体－熔融室熔浆化系统

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US9598747B2 (en) * 2012-09-18 2017-03-21 Retech Systems Llc System and method of melting raw materials

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1055715B (de) * 1957-10-12 1959-04-23 Degussa Vakuuminduktionsschmelzofen
SU462320A1 (ru) * 1973-05-08 1975-02-28 Предприятие П/Я Г-4696 Индукционно-плазменна плавильна установка
JPS52103729A (en) * 1976-02-26 1977-08-31 Daido Steel Co Ltd Plasma induction heating method and furnace
SE408958B (sv) * 1976-07-05 1979-07-16 Asea Ab Forfaringssett for smeltning av metaller eller metallegeringar
JPS63106211A (ja) * 1986-05-19 1988-05-11 Anritsu Corp カセツト管理方法

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1130441C (zh) * 1995-02-02 2003-12-10 巴特勒－迈默瑞尔研究所 废物处理和资源再生用的可调节、自供能量的一体型电弧等离子体－熔融室熔浆化系统

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0259503A4 (fr) 1988-07-14
HUT46175A (en) 1988-09-28
HU203009B (en) 1991-04-29
WO1987005775A1 (fr) 1987-09-24
JPS63502709A (ja) 1988-10-06

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Inventor name: FOMIN, NIKOLAI IVANOVICH

Inventor name: TEREKHOV, EVGENY PETROVICH

Inventor name: MALINOVSKY, VLADIMIR SERGEEVICH

Inventor name: KRUTYANSKY, MIKHAIL MIRONOVICH

Inventor name: LADOZHSKY, VADIM GEORGIEVICH

Inventor name: ZAITSEV, GERMAN DMITRIEVICH

Inventor name: PROSTYAKOV, ALEXANDR ALEXANDROVICH

Inventor name: CHAIKIN, MIKHAIL PETROVICH

Inventor name: REZUNENKO, ALEXANDR LVOVICH