EP0166019B1 - Procédé de désulfuration de la fonte - Google Patents
Procédé de désulfuration de la fonte Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0166019B1 EP0166019B1 EP84107487A EP84107487A EP0166019B1 EP 0166019 B1 EP0166019 B1 EP 0166019B1 EP 84107487 A EP84107487 A EP 84107487A EP 84107487 A EP84107487 A EP 84107487A EP 0166019 B1 EP0166019 B1 EP 0166019B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- pig iron
- blown
- lime
- gas
- process according
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 229910000805 Pig iron Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 42
- 230000003009 desulfurizing effect Effects 0.000 title description 16
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000012159 carrier gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium oxide Chemical compound [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 37
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000019738 Limestone Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- RHZUVFJBSILHOK-UHFFFAOYSA-N anthracen-1-ylmethanolate Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C=C3C(C[O-])=CC=CC3=CC2=C1 RHZUVFJBSILHOK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003830 anthracite Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010436 fluorite Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000006028 limestone Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010459 dolomite Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000514 dolomite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002006 petroleum coke Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 abstract description 20
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 abstract 3
- 238000006477 desulfuration reaction Methods 0.000 description 24
- 230000023556 desulfurization Effects 0.000 description 24
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 9
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 7
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000012255 calcium oxide Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 3
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910004261 CaF 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- OAKJQQAXSVQMHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrazine Chemical compound NN OAKJQQAXSVQMHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propane Chemical compound CCC ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2] AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000000920 calcium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000011116 calcium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229910001861 calcium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- JHLNERQLKQQLRZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium silicate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[Ca+2].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] JHLNERQLKQQLRZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052918 calcium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000012241 calcium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N propan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCO BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LDVVTQMJQSCDMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-dihydroxypropan-2-yl formate Chemical compound OCC(CO)OC=O LDVVTQMJQSCDMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005997 Calcium carbide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001018 Cast iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical class O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000007792 addition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001342 alkaline earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000004645 aluminates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XFWJKVMFIVXPKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium;oxido(oxo)alumane Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-][Al]=O.[O-][Al]=O XFWJKVMFIVXPKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000009189 diving Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002028 premature Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001294 propane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- CLZWAWBPWVRRGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl 2-[2-[2-[2-[bis[2-[(2-methylpropan-2-yl)oxy]-2-oxoethyl]amino]-5-bromophenoxy]ethoxy]-4-methyl-n-[2-[(2-methylpropan-2-yl)oxy]-2-oxoethyl]anilino]acetate Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(N(CC(=O)OC(C)(C)C)CC(=O)OC(C)(C)C)C(OCCOC=2C(=CC=C(Br)C=2)N(CC(=O)OC(C)(C)C)CC(=O)OC(C)(C)C)=C1 CLZWAWBPWVRRGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C1/00—Refining of pig-iron; Cast iron
- C21C1/02—Dephosphorising or desulfurising
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a process for the desulfurization of pig iron in a ladle which receives the pig iron, in particular in a torpedo pan, with an immersion lance in which aluminum is first added and then a desulfurization agent is blown into the pig iron with the aid of a carrier gas.
- lime-based desulfurization agents have also been proposed. However, they have the disadvantage that large amounts are required to achieve the desired desulfurization effect. In practice, this leads to considerable difficulties because of the large amounts of slag that arise.
- the considerable volume of the large amounts of slag in the pan leads to a corresponding reduction in the transport capacity of the pan.
- the slags tend to stick to the pan walls, which further limits the transport capacity.
- the slags also contain large amounts of iron droplets, which lead to significant iron losses.
- a further development (DE-A-2 531 047) when using lime as a desulfurization agent is to add aluminum to the desulfurization agent or to first add aluminum to break down the oxygen dissolved in the pig iron and then to blow lime into the pig iron with the aid of large amounts of conveying gas.
- the large amounts of a non-oxidizing gas, such as nitrogen, to promote the lime also serve to disperse the lime particles in the pig iron melt and to generate a bath circulation.
- a non-oxidizing gas such as nitrogen
- DE-C-3 015 024 discloses a desulfurization agent consisting of a mixture of quicklime and diamide lime, which is blown into the pig iron melt with a conveying gas. After exiting the delivery lance, the calcium carbonate portion of the diamide lime decomposes and ensures that the solid desulfurizing agent is mixed with the pig iron melt.
- the amount of feed gas and the consumption of desulfurizing agent can be reduced compared to a desulfurizing agent that only works with lime.
- the steelworks are interested in a desulfurization agent (or a desulfurization process) with even lower amounts of production gas and desulfurization agent.
- the object of the present invention is to reduce both the amount of feed gas required and the consumption of the calcareous desulfurization agent.
- the object is achieved in a process for desulfurizing pig iron in the pan by blowing 0.2-0.7 kg of aluminum per ton of pig iron in fine-grained form with an inert gas into the pig iron in 1 to 4 minutes and then using a desulfurizing agent is blown into the pig iron melt from a mixture of lime (Ca0) and a gas-releasing solid with 2 - 20 NI carrier gas / kg desulfurizing agent.
- the gas-releasing solid preferably consists of an alkaline earth carbonate and / or an alkaline earth hydrate, limestone or dolomite being blown in as alkaline earth carbonate with particular advantage and hydrated lime hydrate as alkaline earth metal hydrate.
- the desulphurising agent preferably consists of 40-70% lime and 30-60% by weight of gas-releasing solid.
- Small additions of carbon or carbon-containing substances such as carbon black, anthracite, graphite, petroleum coke, in the range of 1-10% by weight, are preferably added to the desulfurizing agent. This improves the flow properties of the blown-in mixture, and reducing conditions are created in the melt as a prerequisite for good desulfurization.
- the blown desulfurization agent may further contain 1-10% by weight of fluorspar.
- Fluorspar (CaF 2 ) lowers the melting point of the aluminates formed, which therefore do not solidify as easily when the temperature of the melt is lowered. In addition, the iron content absorbed by the melt is reduced.
- the amount of aluminum and the amount of desulfurizing agent mixture depend on the desired degree of desulfurization.
- a flow improver and / or a protective substance can be blown in together with the aluminum.
- the lower amounts of desulfurizing agent lead to a reduction in the desulfurization slag formed and, in connection therewith, to a reduction in iron losses.
- the lower formation of slag causes less formation of slag in the torpedo pan and, seen over a longer period of time, leads to the capacity of the torpedo pan being changed only slightly. This also means that the bath geometry in the torpedo pan hardly changes, so that the favorable conditions remain constant over a longer period of time.
- the amount of feed gas was 75 NI / kg of solid, both for blowing in the aluminum powder and for blowing in the lime.
- the lime flow rate, due to the high gas volume required, was 54 kg / min. This results in a total blowing time of 25 minutes.
- the immersion lance which was provided with a thick refractory coating, had two nozzle-shaped outlet openings and therefore had to be inserted vertically through the mouth opening of the torpedo pan.
- the desulfurization agent consisting of 60 parts by weight % Lime, 40% by weight limestone and 0.05% by weight flow improver in the form of propyl alcohol with the aid of compressed air as a carrier gas blown into the melt.
- the amount of feed gas was 5 NI / kg solid.
- the desulfurizing agent consisting of 55% by weight of lime, 35% by weight of hydrated lime, 5% by weight of CaF 2 , 5% by weight of anthracite and 0.03% by weight of flow improver in the form of Monoglyceride is blown into the melt using compressed air as the carrier gas.
- the amount of feed gas was 4 NI / kg.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Refinement Of Pig-Iron, Manufacture Of Cast Iron, And Steel Manufacture Other Than In Revolving Furnaces (AREA)
- Treatment Of Steel In Its Molten State (AREA)
Claims (8)
1. Procédé de désulfuration de fontes brutes dans une poche de coulée, en particulier dans une poche tonneau, dans leguel on injecte d'abord dans la fonte brute 0,2 - 0,7 kg d'aluminium par tonne de fonte brute sous forme de grains fins avec un gaz inerte, en 1 - 4 minutes, et on injecte ensuite dans la masse fondue de fonte brute un agent de désulfuration constitué d'un mélange de chaux (C a 0) et d'une matière solide séparant un gaz, avec 2 - 20 NI de gaz support/kg d'agent de désulfuration.
2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé . par le fait qu'on ajoute, en tant que la matière solide séparant un gaz, un carbonate alcalinoterreux et/ou un hydrate alcalino - terreux.
3. Procédé selon la revendication 2, caractérisé par le fait qu'on injecte, en tant que carbonate alcalino - terreux, de la pierre à chaux ou de la dolomite ou, en tant qu'hydrate alcalino - terreux, de la chaux hydratée.
4. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé par le fait qu'on injecte dans la fonte brute un agent de désulfuration constitué de 40 - 70 % en poids de chaux et de 30 - 60 % en poids de matière solide séparant un gaz.
5. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé par le fait qu'on ajoute à l'agent de désulfuration injecté une portion de carbone ou de substances contenant du Carbone telles que noir de carbone, anthracite, graphite, coke de pétrole, dans une fourchette de 1 - 10 % en poids.
6. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé par le fait qu'on ajoute à l'agent de désulfuration injecté 1 - 10 % en poids de fluorine
7. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé par le fait que la quantité de gaz support est de 3 - 8 NI de gaz support/ kg d'agent de désulfuration.
8. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 7, caractérisé par le fait qu'on injecte l'agent de désulfuration avec de l'air comprimé dans la masse fondue de fonte brute.
Priority Applications (7)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE8484107487T DE3474568D1 (en) | 1984-06-28 | 1984-06-28 | Method for desulfurizing pig iron |
| AT84107487T ATE37902T1 (de) | 1984-06-28 | 1984-06-28 | Verfahren zur entschwefelung von roheisen. |
| EP84107487A EP0166019B1 (fr) | 1984-06-28 | 1984-06-28 | Procédé de désulfuration de la fonte |
| US06/743,854 US4586955A (en) | 1984-06-28 | 1985-06-12 | Process for desulphurizing hot metal |
| CA000485473A CA1239022A (fr) | 1984-06-28 | 1985-06-27 | Desulfuration des metaux en fusion |
| AU44244/85A AU570805B2 (en) | 1984-06-28 | 1985-06-27 | Desulphurisation of molten iron |
| CN85104955.9A CN1003308B (zh) | 1984-06-28 | 1985-06-28 | 金属液脱硫工艺 |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP84107487A EP0166019B1 (fr) | 1984-06-28 | 1984-06-28 | Procédé de désulfuration de la fonte |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0166019A1 EP0166019A1 (fr) | 1986-01-02 |
| EP0166019B1 true EP0166019B1 (fr) | 1988-10-12 |
Family
ID=8192020
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP84107487A Expired EP0166019B1 (fr) | 1984-06-28 | 1984-06-28 | Procédé de désulfuration de la fonte |
Country Status (7)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US4586955A (fr) |
| EP (1) | EP0166019B1 (fr) |
| CN (1) | CN1003308B (fr) |
| AT (1) | ATE37902T1 (fr) |
| AU (1) | AU570805B2 (fr) |
| CA (1) | CA1239022A (fr) |
| DE (1) | DE3474568D1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2780070B1 (fr) * | 1998-06-22 | 2001-06-08 | Elf Antar France | Procede de moussage d'un laitier recouvrant un bain d'acier en fusion |
| RU2159290C1 (ru) * | 1999-07-07 | 2000-11-20 | ОАО "Новолипецкий металлургический комбинат" | Способ обработки стали в ковше |
| RU2156309C1 (ru) * | 1999-07-07 | 2000-09-20 | ОАО "Новолипецкий металлургический комбинат" | Способ обработки стали в ковше |
| RU2203963C2 (ru) * | 2001-01-16 | 2003-05-10 | Открытое акционерное общество "Северсталь" | Способ обработки стали |
| RU2185448C1 (ru) * | 2001-06-28 | 2002-07-20 | Открытое акционерное общество "Новолипецкий металлургический комбинат" | Способ обработки стали в ковше |
| RU2184154C1 (ru) * | 2001-06-28 | 2002-06-27 | Урцев Владимир Николаевич | Способ производства горячекатаного листового проката |
| RU2204613C2 (ru) * | 2001-07-23 | 2003-05-20 | Открытое акционерное общество "Северсталь" | Способ внепечного рафинирования стали |
| RU2186857C1 (ru) * | 2001-12-18 | 2002-08-10 | ООО "Техномаг" | Способ производства проката круглого сечения |
| RU2201458C1 (ru) * | 2002-06-04 | 2003-03-27 | ООО "Сорби стил" | Способ модифицирования стали |
| RU2286393C1 (ru) * | 2005-04-04 | 2006-10-27 | Техком Импорт Экспорт Гмбх | Способ раскисления стали в ковше |
| US9365907B1 (en) | 2013-03-14 | 2016-06-14 | ALMAMET USA, Inc. | Conversion of troublesome lime fines to useful high quality fluidized lime in feeding flux lime to a BOF converter |
| RU2562848C1 (ru) * | 2014-07-11 | 2015-09-10 | Федеральное государственное бюджетное учреждение науки Институт металлургии Уральского отделения Российской академии наук (ИМЕТ УрО РАН) | Способ раскисления стали в ковше |
| KR20220075376A (ko) * | 2019-09-30 | 2022-06-08 | 자미폴 리미티드 | 칸바라 반응기(kr) 공정에서의 용선 탈황 |
Family Cites Families (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE2531047B2 (de) * | 1975-07-11 | 1978-07-06 | Kloeckner-Werke Ag, 4100 Duisburg | Verfahren zum Entschwefeln von Roheisen |
| US3998625A (en) * | 1975-11-12 | 1976-12-21 | Jones & Laughlin Steel Corporation | Desulfurization method |
| US4126453A (en) * | 1976-05-17 | 1978-11-21 | Esm, Inc. | Composition for a fluidizing flux in the production of iron and steel |
| US4137072A (en) * | 1976-12-01 | 1979-01-30 | Toyo Soda Manufacturing Co., Ltd. | Additive for use in refining iron |
| JPS55110712A (en) * | 1979-02-15 | 1980-08-26 | Kawasaki Steel Corp | Desulfurizing agent for blowing-in |
| JPS55110711A (en) * | 1979-02-16 | 1980-08-26 | Nippon Steel Corp | Desulfurization of molten pig iron |
| DE3015024C2 (de) * | 1980-04-18 | 1982-12-23 | Skw Trostberg Ag, 8223 Trostberg | Entschwefelungsmittel für Roheisen |
| JPS5953611A (ja) * | 1982-09-22 | 1984-03-28 | Kawasaki Steel Corp | 溶銑脱硫法 |
| US4462823A (en) * | 1982-12-11 | 1984-07-31 | Foseco International Limited | Treatment agents for molten steel |
-
1984
- 1984-06-28 AT AT84107487T patent/ATE37902T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1984-06-28 EP EP84107487A patent/EP0166019B1/fr not_active Expired
- 1984-06-28 DE DE8484107487T patent/DE3474568D1/de not_active Expired
-
1985
- 1985-06-12 US US06/743,854 patent/US4586955A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1985-06-27 CA CA000485473A patent/CA1239022A/fr not_active Expired
- 1985-06-27 AU AU44244/85A patent/AU570805B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1985-06-28 CN CN85104955.9A patent/CN1003308B/zh not_active Expired
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| ATE37902T1 (de) | 1988-10-15 |
| EP0166019A1 (fr) | 1986-01-02 |
| AU570805B2 (en) | 1988-03-24 |
| AU4424485A (en) | 1986-01-02 |
| CN1003308B (zh) | 1989-02-15 |
| CN85104955A (zh) | 1987-01-07 |
| DE3474568D1 (en) | 1988-11-17 |
| CA1239022A (fr) | 1988-07-12 |
| US4586955A (en) | 1986-05-06 |
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