EP0159492A2 - Procédé et foyer pour la diminution de la formation de NOx dans des chauffages au charbon pulvérisé, particulièrement dans des foyers à cendres fondues - Google Patents
Procédé et foyer pour la diminution de la formation de NOx dans des chauffages au charbon pulvérisé, particulièrement dans des foyers à cendres fondues Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0159492A2 EP0159492A2 EP85102314A EP85102314A EP0159492A2 EP 0159492 A2 EP0159492 A2 EP 0159492A2 EP 85102314 A EP85102314 A EP 85102314A EP 85102314 A EP85102314 A EP 85102314A EP 0159492 A2 EP0159492 A2 EP 0159492A2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- flue gas
- nozzles
- fuel
- additional fuel
- grate
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 239000002817 coal dust Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 title description 2
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 title 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 72
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000009827 uniform distribution Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 8
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009420 retrofitting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001174 ascending effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013067 intermediate product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004886 process control Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN A CARRIER GAS OR AIR
- F23C6/00—Combustion apparatus characterised by the combination of two or more combustion chambers or combustion zones, e.g. for staged combustion
- F23C6/04—Combustion apparatus characterised by the combination of two or more combustion chambers or combustion zones, e.g. for staged combustion in series connection
- F23C6/045—Combustion apparatus characterised by the combination of two or more combustion chambers or combustion zones, e.g. for staged combustion in series connection with staged combustion in a single enclosure
- F23C6/047—Combustion apparatus characterised by the combination of two or more combustion chambers or combustion zones, e.g. for staged combustion in series connection with staged combustion in a single enclosure with fuel supply in stages
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method of the type mentioned in the preamble of claim 1 above.
- a method of this type has become known, in which additional fuel is supplied to the flue gas stream from the melting chamber of a furnace via a plurality of nozzles arranged in the wall of the furnace.
- the rear wall nose is selected as the injection point for the additional fuel.
- This object is achieved in that the additional fuel and the residual air are supplied to the flue gas essentially uniformly over the flue gas flow cross section.
- the additional fuel and the residual air are better mixed into the hot flue gas stream by the process control according to the invention.
- the residual air can be supplied at the individual injection point in different directions with respect to the direction of flow of the flue gas stream. Particularly good mixing in of the residual air is achieved, however, if the residual air is blown in transversely to the direction of flow.
- the additional fuel can also be introduced at the individual introduction point in different directions with respect to the flow direction of the flue gas. However, infeed in the flow direction is preferred because the individual introduction opening is then not acted upon by a flow component of the flue gas stream which is directed towards it.
- the additional fuel emerging from the nozzles evenly distributed over the flue gas stream is preferably supplied by the fact that the fuel exits essentially without impulses and is also sucked in by the flue gas stream.
- the flue gas stream has e.g. B. a speed of 20 m / sec, which is sufficient for taking the pending additional fuel in the nozzles.
- Fine coal dust is preferably used as the additional fuel, again preferably with a fineness of grinding of ⁇ 80 ⁇ m. With this fineness, the burnout time, which leads to the consumption of the residual oxygen in an at least partial combustion, is sufficiently short.
- a thick matter conveying device can advantageously be used, as described in connection with combustion plants from the magazine "Fuel-Heat-Power" 34 (1982), No. 11, Information No. 4 / 82 of the company Freier Grunder Maschinene is known.
- the method according to the invention for achieving uniform mixing and distribution can also be used in other combustion plants, if an additional fuel has to be introduced there, the residual burnout must be ensured.
- the invention is also directed to an arrangement for reducing the formation of NO x in combustion plants operated with pulverized coal, in particular smelting chamber furnaces, with a plurality of nozzles for introducing additional fuel downstream of the main combustion zone and a plurality of air nozzles downstream of the additional fuel nozzles.
- these nozzles are arranged in the rear wall of the furnace.
- the invention provides that additional fuel nozzles are arranged in a substantially uniform distribution in a plane substantially perpendicular to the flue gas flow and the air nozzles are arranged in a substantially uniform distribution in a second plane downstream of the first plane .
- the nozzles By arranging the nozzles in two levels one above the other, a uniform application of the additional fuel and the residual air to the flue gas stream is achieved, the latter being evenly mixed into the flue gas, which has a reduced oxygen content, above the fuel supply level.
- the air nozzles preferably open in the direction of flow of the flue gas flow and the additional fuel nozzles preferably in the direction of flow.
- a particularly simple embodiment of the arrangement is achieved in that a fuel supply grate extends across the flue gas stream with a plurality of hollow rods which are provided with a plurality of fuel nozzles and that a residual air supply grate extends with a plurality of hollow rods above the fuel supply grate, which are provided with a plurality of air nozzles, and that the ends of the hollow rods are connected to an additional fuel source or a residual air source, the fuel nozzles preferably on the side facing away in the direction of flow (in the case of ascending flue gas flow: top side) and the air nozzles preferably on at least one of the two side surfaces of the grate are provided.
- a particularly good intermixing of the residual air is achieved if the distributions of the nozzles in the two planes are offset from one another, that is to say the rods of the fuel supply grate and the rods of the residual air supply grate extend parallel to one another and, viewed in the direction of flow of the flue gas flow, the rods of one grate between the Bars of the other grate lie.
- While changes in the heating surfaces are required in the known arrangement when retrofitting devices for supplying additional fuel and residual air, changes in the heating surfaces can be dispensed with in the arrangement according to the invention if the bars of the gratings are constructed from tubes, preferably fin tubes, which are constructed with are connected to the water-steam cycle assigned to the furnace.
- the tubes can also be used alone to cool the grids.
- a simple loading of the nozzles can be achieved if a fuel feed pipe is provided in the hollow rods of the fuel feed grate for each fuel nozzle, which is connected to a thick matter conveying device. In this way, a uniform loading of the fuel nozzles of the individual rods is achieved.
- the furnace shown in Figures 1 and 2 is a melting furnace 1, which is equipped with several burner fields 2, each with four ceiling burners 3. 85 - 90% of the fuel burned in the furnace is introduced into the melting chamber 4 with the usual fineness.
- the flue gas flow is deflected by 180 °.
- the deflected flue gas stream is passed through a grating 5.
- Above the grating 5, the flow cross section for the flue gas flow is reduced by a rear wall nose 6.
- a fuel feed grate 7 is arranged below the smallest cross section and above the grate 5, the individual rods 7a of which extend parallel to one another and transversely to the flue gas flow.
- the individual rods are provided with three fuel outlet openings or nozzles 8, which open in the direction of flow of the flue gas stream.
- the individual rods are constructed from fin tubes 9 welded together. Inside the bars 7a. extend three fuel supply pipes 10 (see FIG. 4), which extend towards the nozzles 8 and are connected at their other end to a fuel supply line 11 which are acted upon by a pneumatic metering conveyor, not shown, as a thick matter conveyor. It is also possible to run the individual lines 10 separately up to the metering delivery container of the pneumatic metering conveyor.
- the individual fin tubes are connected to a collector 12 which is connected to the collector 5 'assigned to the grating 5.
- a residual air grate 13 with individual rods 13a is arranged above the additional fuel grate 7 at a distance which allows the partial combustion required to consume the residual oxygen.
- the rods 13a are provided with two rows of lateral residual air injection nozzles 14, the outlet cross section of the lower row being larger than that of the upper row in order to blow in a larger proportion of residual air via the lower row. As Figure 5 shows, they are also off
- Fin tubes 9 built.
- the fin tubes enclose an air duct 15 which is connected to the nozzles 14. In the area of the nozzles, the fin tubes are bent in a manner known per se from boiler construction technology.
- the fin tubes 9 of the individual rods 13a of the air grate 13 are connected to a collector 16, which is also connected to the collector 12.
- the air guide channels 15 in the interior of the rods 13a are acted upon with air to a sufficient extent via lines 17, so that the remaining burnout is secured in the area of the air supply grate and above.
- the bars 7a are arranged at such a distance from the wall that contamination and corrosion of the wall are avoided.
- the increasing after the redirection flue gas flow at a speed of z. B. 20 m / sec such a suction effect that they take the additional fuel in the nozzles 8 in the form of fine coal dust and can bring them into the reduction zone between the grates 7 and 13 (10 - 15% of the total amount of fuel).
- the required burnout is ensured by the residual air emerging from the side air nozzles 14.
- the rods 13a of the air supply grate 13 are located between the rods 7a of the grate 7 - in a different plane.
- the rods 13a lying between two rods 7a of the grate 7 can be provided on both side surfaces with corresponding air outlet nozzles 14, while the rod 13a lying at the bottom in FIG. 2 is only provided with nozzles 14 on the side remote from the wall.
- the arrangement according to the invention can be used in particular when retrofitting melting furnaces for NOx reduction.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19843410945 DE3410945A1 (de) | 1984-03-24 | 1984-03-24 | Verfahren zur verminderung der no(pfeil abwaerts)x(pfeil abwaerts)-bildung in mit kohlenstaub betriebenen feuerungsanlagen, insbesondere schmelzkammerfeuerungen, und feuerungsanlage zur durchfuehrung des verfahrens |
| DE3410945 | 1984-03-24 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0159492A2 true EP0159492A2 (fr) | 1985-10-30 |
| EP0159492A3 EP0159492A3 (fr) | 1987-01-14 |
Family
ID=6231548
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP85102314A Withdrawn EP0159492A3 (fr) | 1984-03-24 | 1985-03-01 | Procédé et foyer pour la diminution de la formation de NOx dans des chauffages au charbon pulvérisé, particulièrement dans des foyers à cendres fondues |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0159492A3 (fr) |
| DE (1) | DE3410945A1 (fr) |
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO1987006677A1 (fr) * | 1986-04-29 | 1987-11-05 | Saarbergwerke Aktiengesellschaft | Procede et installation de reduction des emissions d'oxyde nitrique lors de la combustion de combustibles solides |
| WO1991010097A1 (fr) * | 1989-12-27 | 1991-07-11 | Saarbergwerke Aktiengesellschaft | Procede pour la reduction de l'emission d'oxyde d'azote lors de la combustion de combustibles solides |
| AT399384B (de) * | 1990-09-04 | 1995-04-25 | Ragailler Bernhard Mag | Heissgaserzeuger |
| EP0809067A1 (fr) * | 1996-05-21 | 1997-11-26 | Gaz De France | Procédé de réduction, par recombustion des oxydes d'azote contenus dans les fumées issues d'une combustion primaire réalisée dans un four, et installation pour sa mise en oeuvre. |
| US7077069B2 (en) | 2001-10-05 | 2006-07-18 | Kawasaki Jukogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | U-type slag-tap firing boiler and method of operating the boiler |
| DE102006004221A1 (de) * | 2006-01-30 | 2007-08-09 | Gks - Gemeinschaftskraftwerk Schweinfurt Gmbh | Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Abscheiden von Schadstoffen im Rauchgas einer thermischen Anlage |
| US12137887B2 (en) | 2017-11-30 | 2024-11-12 | C. R. Bard, Inc. | Sample container and coaxial introducer cannula for a biopsy apparatus |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AT391195B (de) * | 1987-09-21 | 1990-08-27 | Vaillant Gmbh | Verfahren zur verbrennung fluessiger oder gasfoermiger brennstoffe und vorrichtung zur durchfuehrung des verfahrens |
| CN113154412B (zh) * | 2021-04-17 | 2024-08-16 | 浙江宜可欧环保科技有限公司 | 热解脱附气的资源化处理方法 |
Family Cites Families (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE977170C (de) * | 1951-09-27 | 1965-05-06 | Babcock & Wilcox Dampfkessel W | Brennstaubfeuerung fuer Schmelzkammerkessel |
| US3830620A (en) * | 1972-02-22 | 1974-08-20 | Gen Electric | Gas burner for heat-recovery steam generator |
| US3948223A (en) * | 1975-01-02 | 1976-04-06 | Foster Wheeler Energy Corporation | Serially fired steam generator |
| US4144017A (en) * | 1976-11-15 | 1979-03-13 | The Babcock & Wilcox Company | Pulverized coal combustor |
| DE2733356C3 (de) * | 1977-07-23 | 1981-09-17 | Hitachi Shipbuilding & Engineering Co., Ltd., Osaka | Rauchgaszug |
| JPS55165405A (en) * | 1979-06-07 | 1980-12-23 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | Combustion method with reduced amount of nitrogen oxide |
| JPS5623615A (en) * | 1979-08-06 | 1981-03-06 | Babcock Hitachi Kk | Burning method for low nox |
-
1984
- 1984-03-24 DE DE19843410945 patent/DE3410945A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
1985
- 1985-03-01 EP EP85102314A patent/EP0159492A3/fr not_active Withdrawn
Cited By (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO1987006677A1 (fr) * | 1986-04-29 | 1987-11-05 | Saarbergwerke Aktiengesellschaft | Procede et installation de reduction des emissions d'oxyde nitrique lors de la combustion de combustibles solides |
| AU596414B2 (en) * | 1986-04-29 | 1990-05-03 | Saarbergwerke Aktiengesellschaft | Process and plant for reducing nitrogen oxide emissions when burning solid fuels |
| WO1991010097A1 (fr) * | 1989-12-27 | 1991-07-11 | Saarbergwerke Aktiengesellschaft | Procede pour la reduction de l'emission d'oxyde d'azote lors de la combustion de combustibles solides |
| US5131335A (en) * | 1989-12-27 | 1992-07-21 | Saarbergwerke Aktiengesellschaft | Process for reducing nitric oxide emission during the combustion of solid fuels |
| AU631292B2 (en) * | 1989-12-27 | 1992-11-19 | Saarbergwerke Aktiengesellschaft | Process for reducing nox emission during the combustion of solid fuels |
| AT399384B (de) * | 1990-09-04 | 1995-04-25 | Ragailler Bernhard Mag | Heissgaserzeuger |
| EP0809067A1 (fr) * | 1996-05-21 | 1997-11-26 | Gaz De France | Procédé de réduction, par recombustion des oxydes d'azote contenus dans les fumées issues d'une combustion primaire réalisée dans un four, et installation pour sa mise en oeuvre. |
| FR2749066A1 (fr) * | 1996-05-21 | 1997-11-28 | Gaz De France | Procede de reduction, par recombustion, des oxydes d'azote contenus dans les fumees issues d'une combustion primaire realisee dans un four, et installation pour sa mise en oeuvre |
| US7077069B2 (en) | 2001-10-05 | 2006-07-18 | Kawasaki Jukogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | U-type slag-tap firing boiler and method of operating the boiler |
| DE10297306B4 (de) * | 2001-10-05 | 2008-03-20 | Kawasaki Jukogyo K.K., Kobe | U-förmiger Schmelzkammerverbrennungskessel und Verfahren zum Betrieb des Kessels |
| DE102006004221A1 (de) * | 2006-01-30 | 2007-08-09 | Gks - Gemeinschaftskraftwerk Schweinfurt Gmbh | Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Abscheiden von Schadstoffen im Rauchgas einer thermischen Anlage |
| US12137887B2 (en) | 2017-11-30 | 2024-11-12 | C. R. Bard, Inc. | Sample container and coaxial introducer cannula for a biopsy apparatus |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE3410945A1 (de) | 1985-10-03 |
| EP0159492A3 (fr) | 1987-01-14 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
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| PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012 |
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| AK | Designated contracting states |
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| PUAL | Search report despatched |
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| STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: THE APPLICATION IS DEEMED TO BE WITHDRAWN |
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| 18D | Application deemed to be withdrawn |
Effective date: 19870714 |
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| RIN1 | Information on inventor provided before grant (corrected) |
Inventor name: STRAUSS, KARL, DIPL.-ING. |