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EP0184119A2 - Procédé d'incinération pour une chaudière à vapeur ou eau chaude - Google Patents

Procédé d'incinération pour une chaudière à vapeur ou eau chaude Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0184119A2
EP0184119A2 EP85115019A EP85115019A EP0184119A2 EP 0184119 A2 EP0184119 A2 EP 0184119A2 EP 85115019 A EP85115019 A EP 85115019A EP 85115019 A EP85115019 A EP 85115019A EP 0184119 A2 EP0184119 A2 EP 0184119A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
boiler
grate
firing
partial
steam
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP85115019A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0184119A3 (fr
Inventor
Walter J. Martin
Horst Kammholz
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Martin GmbH fuer Umwelt und Energietechnik
Original Assignee
Martin GmbH fuer Umwelt und Energietechnik
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Martin GmbH fuer Umwelt und Energietechnik filed Critical Martin GmbH fuer Umwelt und Energietechnik
Publication of EP0184119A2 publication Critical patent/EP0184119A2/fr
Publication of EP0184119A3 publication Critical patent/EP0184119A3/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23B—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING ONLY SOLID FUEL
    • F23B10/00—Combustion apparatus characterised by the combination of two or more combustion chambers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B31/00—Modifications of boiler construction, or of tube systems, dependent on installation of combustion apparatus; Arrangements or dispositions of combustion apparatus
    • F22B31/04—Heat supply by installation of two or more combustion apparatus, e.g. of separate combustion apparatus for the boiler and the superheater respectively
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23B—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING ONLY SOLID FUEL
    • F23B1/00—Combustion apparatus using only lump fuel
    • F23B1/02—Combustion apparatus using only lump fuel for indirect heating of a medium in a vessel, e.g. for boiling water
    • F23B1/12—Combustion apparatus using only lump fuel for indirect heating of a medium in a vessel, e.g. for boiling water with a plurality of combustion chambers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23B—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING ONLY SOLID FUEL
    • F23B50/00—Combustion apparatus in which the fuel is fed into or through the combustion zone by gravity, e.g. from a fuel storage situated above the combustion zone
    • F23B50/12—Combustion apparatus in which the fuel is fed into or through the combustion zone by gravity, e.g. from a fuel storage situated above the combustion zone the fuel being fed to the combustion zone by free fall or by sliding along inclined surfaces, e.g. from a conveyor terminating above the fuel bed

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for firing a steam or hot water boiler using different fuels.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a method for which it is possible to fire a steam or hot water boiler with various solid fuels in any proportions.
  • This object is achieved according to the invention in a method of the type specified above in that for each fuel an independently operable, specially designed for the fuel in question partial firing is provided, which is operated independently of the firing provided for the other fuel.
  • a steam or hot water boiler is already known (GB-PS 2 077 892), in which the firing is divided into individual partial firings, the individual firing grates being able to be operated separately from one another.
  • the individual combustion chambers are fed with the same fuel, namely waste.
  • the subdivision into grate furnaces that are independent of one another takes place for the purpose of regulating the steam generation.
  • the refuse incineration can not be set in terms of performance, which is primarily due to the low calorific value.
  • the grate firing must therefore be operated with a certain minimum output. This has sometimes led to over-production of steam, which then has to be condensed again in an uneconomical manner. For this reason, partial combustion systems have been set up so that it is possible, depending on the power requirement, to operate one or more of these partial combustion systems.
  • the solution according to the invention makes it possible to design and operate each partial combustion chamber in the manner required by the fuel used therein. Compromise solutions that take the different combustion behavior into account need not be taken into account, which improves the efficiency. A mutual influence in the burning behavior of the individual fuels is excluded by their independent combustion.
  • the independent firing of the respective fuels leads not only to an optimal grate design for the respective fuel, but also to a good controllability of the steam output, since it is easier to adjust several partial firings to a certain overall result, for example by switching off a partial firing, than with a large firing designed for several fuels the same overall performance is the case.
  • Independent firing of the respective fuel and the control measures based on this fuel also make it possible to achieve low pollutant gas values.
  • the flue gases from the individual partial firing systems can be conducted in separate gas and boiler trains of a boiler divided into individual partial boilers. However, it is also possible for the flue gases from the individual part-firing systems to be routed in a common gas train and a common boiler train.
  • baffles and baffles made up of boiler pipes in the common gas train provide for the exhaust gases in order to mix the gas streams, which differ in their composition, temperature and quantity, as intensely as possible when they meet, so that the common boiler trains are acted upon by a largely homogeneous gas flow.
  • This mixing and homogenization of the gas streams can also be brought about by boiler tube or superheater bundles which are provided in the gas flues.
  • both the secondary air supply and any tertiary air supply are regulated separately in the individual partial firings.
  • a superheated steam or hot water or saturated steam boiler which comprises two partial combustion chambers 1 and 2 arranged against each other, in each of which mechanical grate furnaces 3 and 4 are provided.
  • the two partial combustion chambers 1 and 2 are separated from one another by a partition 5, which is constructed from two boiler tube walls 6 and 7, which are independent of one another and each have their own collectors 8, 8a and 9, 9a.
  • a funnel 12 is arranged between the collectors 8 and 9, in which dust from the exhaust gases can be partially absorbed. With 13 a discharge line for the collected dust is designated.
  • the partial firing chambers 1 and 2 are arranged opposite one another, they have feed devices 14 and 15 for the firing units 3 and 4 on opposite sides. With 16 a common slag discharge device is designated.
  • the two grate furnaces 3 and 4 are provided with independently controllable underwind feeds 10 and 11.
  • the boiler shown is designed as an integrated boiler, i.e. the side walls of the boiler consist of boiler tube walls 17, which are located above the grate furnace.
  • a superheater 24 can be arranged, and a boiler tube bundle 19 with a lower boiler drum 20 and an upper boiler drum 21 is provided.
  • economizers 22 in FIG. 1 and air preheaters 23 in FIG. 2 are arranged in the descending exhaust gas duct; i.e. Instead of economizers, air preheaters can also be provided in whole or in part.
  • an overheater 24 is provided in FIG. 1 in front of the boiler tube bundle 19 and a baffle plate 25 constructed from boiler tubes in FIG. 2.
  • the same reference numerals have been used for the same parts in FIGS. 1 and 2.
  • FIGS. 3 and 4 are also integrated boilers, in which not only the lateral boundary walls 26, 27, but also a partition wall 28 in the embodiment according to FIG. 3 and a partition wall 29 in the embodiment according to FIG. 4 are constructed from boiler tubes.
  • the partition wall 28 divides the combustion chamber into two partial combustion chambers 30 and 31 with two grate furnaces 32 and 33, which are parallel to one another and have a common slag discharge 34.
  • a feed hopper generally designated 35
  • the exhaust gases rising from the partial combustion chambers 30 and 31 are combined in the common gas train 39, in which an overheater 40 is provided.
  • a boiler tube bundle 41 with a lower drum 42 and an upper drum 43 is provided after the superheater.
  • economizers 44 are provided in the downward exhaust gas flue, which adjoins the boiler bundle 41.
  • Each grate burner 32, 33 is assigned independent underwind supply devices, of which only the underwind supply device for the grate combustion 32 can be seen in the drawing, which in turn is subdivided into independent underwind supply devices 32a and 32b.
  • the entire boiler is divided by the partition 29, ie not only are two partial combustion chambers 30 and 31 located next to one another in parallel, but the entire boiler is divided into two partial boilers 45 and 46.
  • This subdivision also affects the superheater, the boiler bundle and the downstream and air preheater economizers.
  • the each partial boiler 45 and 46 assigned superheaters are designated by 47 and 48 and the two boiler tube bundles by 49 and 50.
  • Economizers 51, 51a and air preheaters 52, 52a are arranged in the exhaust gas flue. It is also possible, for example, to provide an economizer in one exhaust duct and an air preheater in the other exhaust duct.
  • the first train of the boiler is divided into three partial firing chambers 53, 54 and 55, which are parallel next to each other, the two partitions 56 and 57 as well as the outer walls 58 and 59 being constructed as simple boiler tube walls.
  • a combustion grate 60, 61 or 62 is assigned to each partial combustion chamber, which, depending on the fuels used, can be designed as moving grate, feed grate, roller grate or return grate.
  • the grids can be identical or different to one another. Underneath the respective grates there are independent underwind feed devices 63, 64 and 65, each of which has a discharge line 66 for grate diarrhea at its lower end.
  • the exhaust gas flows from the individual partial combustion chambers are combined in a common exhaust gas duct 89.
  • two partial combustion chambers 67 and 68 which are arranged parallel to one another, are shown, which have grate combustion systems 69 and 70 with corresponding underwind feed devices 71 and 72.
  • the partition wall designated overall by 73, is constructed from refractory material, ie masonry.
  • the outside walls are formed as boiler tube walls and provided with the reference numerals 74 and 75.
  • the underwind feed devices are provided with a discharge line 76 in order to be able to discharge the grate diarrhea.
  • the partition 73 is formed at its upper end in the manner of a gable, so that the dust which has settled can slide downward.
  • the common exhaust duct is designated 89.
  • two partial combustion chambers 77 and 78 with mechanical grate furnaces 79 and 80 are also provided, which are separated from one another by a partition wall, designated overall by 81.
  • This partition is made up of two independent boiler tube walls 83 and 84.
  • Separate collectors 85 and 86 are provided on the upper part for each partition, which are connected by a funnel 87, which has a discharge opening 88 for the accumulated dust.
  • a gas discharge common to both partial combustion chambers is designated with 89.
  • the individual grate furnaces 79 and 80 are assigned independent underwind feed devices 90 and 91, which are funnel-shaped and have lines 92 provided at their lower ends for the discharge of the grate diarrhea.
  • With 82 a retaining wall for the partition 81 is designated.
  • the outer walls of the integrated boiler, which are designated 93 and 94, have the same structure as the boiler tube walls 83 and 84 of the partition 81.
  • Secondary air supply devices 95 and tertiary air supply devices 96 serve to influence the flame formation and the flame temperature.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Air Supply (AREA)
  • Solid-Fuel Combustion (AREA)
EP85115019A 1984-12-03 1985-11-27 Procédé d'incinération pour une chaudière à vapeur ou eau chaude Withdrawn EP0184119A3 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3444049 1984-12-03
DE19843444049 DE3444049A1 (de) 1984-12-03 1984-12-03 Dampf- oder heisswasserkessel

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0184119A2 true EP0184119A2 (fr) 1986-06-11
EP0184119A3 EP0184119A3 (fr) 1988-01-27

Family

ID=6251770

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP85115019A Withdrawn EP0184119A3 (fr) 1984-12-03 1985-11-27 Procédé d'incinération pour une chaudière à vapeur ou eau chaude

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0184119A3 (fr)
DE (1) DE3444049A1 (fr)

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AU659320B2 (en) * 1992-06-29 1995-05-11 Takuma Co., Ltd. Construction of the combustion chambers of a boiler
EP0913629A3 (fr) * 1997-10-29 1999-10-13 Köb & Schäfer KG Chaudière à combustible solide
GB2375590A (en) * 2001-03-16 2002-11-20 Bosch Gmbh Robert Device for heating water and generating electrical energy
WO2007030853A1 (fr) * 2005-09-16 2007-03-22 Walter Harb Four pour combustibles solides
EP3948081A1 (fr) * 2019-06-21 2022-02-09 OnPoint Technologies, LLC Réglages automatiques de débit d'air dans des systèmes de combustion, et procédés associés
CN119617377A (zh) * 2024-11-28 2025-03-14 西安热工研究院有限公司 一种用于热电厂调峰的固态排渣锅炉模块化燃烧室改造方法

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102005036792A1 (de) * 2005-08-02 2007-02-08 Ecoenergy Gesellschaft Für Energie- Und Umwelttechnik Mbh Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Erzeugung von überhitztem Dampf

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE972498C (de) * 1943-04-23 1959-07-30 Borsig Ag Niedrig gebauter Rostfeuerungs-Dampferzeuger
DE974912C (de) * 1950-11-12 1961-05-31 Babcock & Wilcox Dampfkessel W Dampfkesselfeuerung
DK103140C (da) * 1962-01-29 1965-11-22 Von Roll Ag Kedelfyringsanlæg med to indbyrdes adskilte fyr.
DE1240210B (de) * 1963-01-11 1967-05-11 Walther & Cie Ag Dampferzeuger-Feuerung fuer die Verbrennung von Muell oder Abfaellen mit Zusatzfeuerung fuer hochwertigen Brennstoff
DE1526113A1 (de) * 1965-12-02 1970-01-08 Ver Kesselwerke Ag Muellverbrennungsanlage zur Krafterzeugung
GB2077892B (en) * 1980-06-12 1984-04-26 Towler & Son Ltd Refuse incinerator

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AU659320B2 (en) * 1992-06-29 1995-05-11 Takuma Co., Ltd. Construction of the combustion chambers of a boiler
EP0913629A3 (fr) * 1997-10-29 1999-10-13 Köb & Schäfer KG Chaudière à combustible solide
GB2375590A (en) * 2001-03-16 2002-11-20 Bosch Gmbh Robert Device for heating water and generating electrical energy
GB2375590B (en) * 2001-03-16 2003-05-07 Bosch Gmbh Robert Device for heating plant water and for generating electrical energy
WO2007030853A1 (fr) * 2005-09-16 2007-03-22 Walter Harb Four pour combustibles solides
EP3948081A1 (fr) * 2019-06-21 2022-02-09 OnPoint Technologies, LLC Réglages automatiques de débit d'air dans des systèmes de combustion, et procédés associés
CN119617377A (zh) * 2024-11-28 2025-03-14 西安热工研究院有限公司 一种用于热电厂调峰的固态排渣锅炉模块化燃烧室改造方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3444049A1 (de) 1986-06-26
EP0184119A3 (fr) 1988-01-27

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Inventor name: MARTIN, WALTER J.