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EP0037858B1 - Centrale à vapeur avec générateur de vapeur à combustion sous pression et à lit fluidisé - Google Patents

Centrale à vapeur avec générateur de vapeur à combustion sous pression et à lit fluidisé Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0037858B1
EP0037858B1 EP80200338A EP80200338A EP0037858B1 EP 0037858 B1 EP0037858 B1 EP 0037858B1 EP 80200338 A EP80200338 A EP 80200338A EP 80200338 A EP80200338 A EP 80200338A EP 0037858 B1 EP0037858 B1 EP 0037858B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
flue gas
bypass
flow
steam
line
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP80200338A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0037858A1 (fr
Inventor
Tadeusz Dipl.-Ing. Zaba
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
BBC Brown Boveri AG Switzerland
Original Assignee
BBC Brown Boveri AG Switzerland
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by BBC Brown Boveri AG Switzerland filed Critical BBC Brown Boveri AG Switzerland
Priority to EP80200338A priority Critical patent/EP0037858B1/fr
Priority to DE8080200338T priority patent/DE3066241D1/de
Priority to US06/245,075 priority patent/US4380147A/en
Publication of EP0037858A1 publication Critical patent/EP0037858A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0037858B1 publication Critical patent/EP0037858B1/fr
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B31/00—Modifications of boiler construction, or of tube systems, dependent on installation of combustion apparatus; Arrangements or dispositions of combustion apparatus
    • F22B31/0007—Modifications of boiler construction, or of tube systems, dependent on installation of combustion apparatus; Arrangements or dispositions of combustion apparatus with combustion in a fluidized bed
    • F22B31/0084—Modifications of boiler construction, or of tube systems, dependent on installation of combustion apparatus; Arrangements or dispositions of combustion apparatus with combustion in a fluidized bed with recirculation of separated solids or with cooling of the bed particles outside the combustion bed
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B31/00—Modifications of boiler construction, or of tube systems, dependent on installation of combustion apparatus; Arrangements or dispositions of combustion apparatus
    • F22B31/0007—Modifications of boiler construction, or of tube systems, dependent on installation of combustion apparatus; Arrangements or dispositions of combustion apparatus with combustion in a fluidized bed
    • F22B31/0015—Modifications of boiler construction, or of tube systems, dependent on installation of combustion apparatus; Arrangements or dispositions of combustion apparatus with combustion in a fluidized bed for boilers of the water tube type

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a steam power plant with a pressure-fired steam generator with fluid bed combustion according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • a major disadvantage of such steam generators is that, due to the high temperature, the tubes in the fluidized bed are exposed to the corrosive attack of the combustion gases and therefore have to be replaced in a relatively short time.
  • a steam generator is known from DE-A No. 2424394, in which all heating surfaces are arranged outside the region of the fluidized bed.
  • This steam generator is designed in a modular design, with fluidized beds distributed over the entire height of the boiler at equal intervals, each with its own heating surface in the form of tube bundles.
  • temperature control which has to intervene in particular in the fluidized bed where the heat concentration is greatest, is not dealt with here. This factor is of particular importance for the practical operation of a steam generator, which is why temperature control forms an important part of the present invention.
  • present steam power plant with pressure-fired steam generator defined in the characterizing part of patent claim 1, is intended to meet high demands with regard to good efficiency and economical operation.
  • the combustion air is supplied to a steam generator 1 from a charging group 2 under pressure, for example 8 to 10 bar, via a main air line 3 in various ways.
  • the charging group 2 consists of a gas turbine 4 driven by the flue gases of the steam generator with an open circuit, a compressor 5 rigidly coupled to the gas turbine and a starting motor 6 which is used to start up and which is uncoupled after the stationary operating state of the system has been reached.
  • An air supply line 7 branches off from line 3, through which air is conveyed under a perforated inflow floor 8, which forms the moving bed grate.
  • the air flowing through acts as a carrier stream for the fuel particles, which are kept in suspension and form the fluidized bed.
  • a further part of the combustion air is branched off from the line 7 through a cooling air line 9 and directed at 10 into a cooling air space delimited by the outer jacket 11 and inner jacket 12 of the steam generator, from which it exits through slots 13 provided under the inflow floor 8 in the inner jacket 12 under the inflow floor.
  • the ash discharge device 14, the coal feed device 15 and the additive feed device 16, with which an additive, such as limestone or dolomite, for admixing the sulfur compounds in a known manner, are symbolically indicated on the left side of the steam generator 1.
  • the fluidized bed is designated 17.
  • the flue gases flow in sequence through the pre-evaporator tube bundle 18, a superheater tube bundle 19 and an evaporator tube bundle 20.
  • the steam collector 21 is arranged after the evaporator tube bundle 20 in the flow direction of the boiler water outside the flue gas draft.
  • the steam excreted in the steam collector 21 passes into the superheater tube bundle 19 and further through a steam line 22 into a steam turbine 24 of a steam turbine generator group 23, the generator 25 of which supplies the mains current.
  • the exhaust steam from the turbine 24 reaches a condenser 26, from which a feed water pump 27 conveys the condensate into the pre-evaporator heating bundle 18.
  • a bypass flue gas duct is provided, which is separated from the flue gas duct by partition walls 28, 29 and 30, which form three short ducts.
  • a bypass flow control flap 31, 32 and 33 in each of these channels make it possible to control or regulate the flue gas flow through the individual sections of the flue gas flue with the three steam heating surfaces 18, 19 and 20 individually or in combination, and thus in cooperation with others described below Control units fine-tune the steam output and the temperature of the flue gases after the boiler to the respective requirements.
  • the flue gases pass from the steam generator 1 through a flue gas discharge line 34 into a cyclone dust separator 35, in which a large part of the unburned dust-like components is separated out. These are discharged with part of the flue gases via a dust return line 36 into an injector 37, which blows them into the fluidized bed through a dust introduction line 38.
  • a part of the remaining, partially dedusted flue gas passes into a bypass control circuit, consisting of a flue gas bypass line 39, 40, a flue gas bypass flap 41, a flue gas cooler 42 and a fan 43.
  • a flue gas bypass line 39, 40 a flue gas bypass flap 41, a flue gas cooler 42 and a fan 43.
  • the flap 41 When the flap 41 is open, the flue gas from the fan 43 is partly injected into the injector 37 via line 38 into the fluidized bed and partly into promoted a flue gas / air mixer 44.
  • flue gas is mixed with combustion air branched off from line 3 in such a ratio and introduced through line 45 under the fluidized bed, so that the fluidized bed temperature is kept at an optimal value in connection with the other control options.
  • the main coolant for the flue gas cooler 42 is water, this being due to the relatively high flue gas temperature, e.g. can still be 500 ° C to generate steam, e.g. Working or heating steam or also for overheating the turbine steam can be used.
  • a secondary bypass line 46 branches off from the flue gas bypass line 39, 40 in front of the flue gas bypass flap 41, in which a secondary bypass control flap 47 is provided and which opens into the bypass line 40 in front of the fan 43, via which the main part of the flue gas bypass branched off for temperature control in the fluidized bed normally flows flows.
  • the steam output can be varied or varied within a wide range . be managed.
  • the heating surfaces of the steam system will become soiled relatively quickly due to the high dust content of the flue gases after the fluidized bed, so that a cleaning device must also be provided for this system, for example based on the principle of tapping or shot peening.
  • the means with which the objectives of the invention are achieved thus consist of the three control flaps 31, 32, 33 in the steam generator, the flue gas bypass lines 39, 40, 46 and the flaps 41, 47 provided in these lines, as well as the cooler 42 and the fan 43.
  • the position of the flaps, the coolant flow through the cooler and the delivery capacity of the fan mean that the fluidized bed can be kept at an allowable temperature by avoiding the disadvantages that the cooling pipes laid in the fluidized bed entail, and by keeping heat away in the cooler42 adapt the heat transferred in the steam boiler to the steam output required.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Engine Equipment That Uses Special Cycles (AREA)
  • Fluidized-Bed Combustion And Resonant Combustion (AREA)

Claims (2)

1. Machine motrice à vapeur comportant un générateur de vapeur (1 ) alimenté par pression et comportant un foyer à lit fluidisé, toutes les surfaces de chauffage des chaudières étant situées à l'extérieur de la couche tourbillonnaire du lit fluidisé, cette machine comportant un groupe de charge (2) entraîné par les gaz de fumée du générateur de vapeur et constitué d'une turbine à gaz (4) et d'un compresseur (5), ce groupe de charge faisant circuler l'air de combustion comprimé en dessous du lit fluidisé afin de former une couche tourbillonnaire (17) sur ce dernier, des dispositifs étant prévus pour séparer, filtrer et évacuer les impuretés pulvérulentes contenues dans le gaz de fumée, ainsi que pour commander et régler le débit de vapeur pour le groupe turbogéné- rateur de vapeur, caractérisée en ce que les dispositifs destinés à commander et régler le débit de vapeur comprennent un canal de gaz de fumée en dérivation comportant des clapets de réglage de dérivation (31, 32, 33) et disposé dans le générateur de vapeur (1 ) au-dessus de la couche tourbillonnaire (17) parallèlement à un canal principal de gaz de fumée, de même qu'une conduite de dérivation de gaz de fumée (39, 40) dérivant d'une conduite d'évaporation de gaz de fumée (34) à la suite du générateur de vapeur (1 ), le canal de gaz de fumée en dérivation étant séparé du canal principal de gaz de fumée par des cloisons (28, 29, 30), tandis que la conduite de dérivation de gaz de fumée précitée (39, 40) comporte un clapet de dérivation de gaz de fumée (41), un dispositif de refroidissement de gaz de fumée (42) et un ventilateur (43), tout en débouchant dans le générateur de vapeur (1) en dessous du lit fluidisé.
2. Machine motrice à vapeur suivant la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce qu'on prévoit une conduite de dérivation secondaire de gaz de fumée (46) qui est reliée à la conduite de dérivation de gaz de fumée (39, 40) devant le clapet de dérivation de gaz de fumée (41) et derrière le dispositif de refroidissement de gaz de fumée (42), cette conduite (46) comportant un clapet de dérivation de gaz de fumée secondaire (47) tandis que, à partir de la conduite de dérivation de gaz de fumée (39,40), derrière le ventilateur (43), on prévoit une dérivation de gaz de fumée dans un injecteur (37), en vue d'insuffler, dans le lit tourbillonnaire, des constituants non brûlés solides séparés par la conduite d'évacuation de gaz de fumée (34) et, dans la conduite de dérivation de gaz de fumée (39, 40), avant son entrée en dessous du lit fluidisé du générateur de vapeur (1 ), on prévoit un mélangeur de gaz de fumée/air (44) qui est relié à une dérivation venant de la conduite principale d'air (3).
EP80200338A 1980-04-16 1980-04-16 Centrale à vapeur avec générateur de vapeur à combustion sous pression et à lit fluidisé Expired EP0037858B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP80200338A EP0037858B1 (fr) 1980-04-16 1980-04-16 Centrale à vapeur avec générateur de vapeur à combustion sous pression et à lit fluidisé
DE8080200338T DE3066241D1 (en) 1980-04-16 1980-04-16 Steam power station with pressure-fired fluidised bed steam generator
US06/245,075 US4380147A (en) 1980-04-16 1981-03-18 Steam power plant containing pressure-fired steam generator with fluidized bed firing

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP80200338A EP0037858B1 (fr) 1980-04-16 1980-04-16 Centrale à vapeur avec générateur de vapeur à combustion sous pression et à lit fluidisé

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0037858A1 EP0037858A1 (fr) 1981-10-21
EP0037858B1 true EP0037858B1 (fr) 1984-01-25

Family

ID=8186987

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP80200338A Expired EP0037858B1 (fr) 1980-04-16 1980-04-16 Centrale à vapeur avec générateur de vapeur à combustion sous pression et à lit fluidisé

Country Status (3)

Country Link
US (1) US4380147A (fr)
EP (1) EP0037858B1 (fr)
DE (1) DE3066241D1 (fr)

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AU563279B2 (en) * 1982-06-22 1987-07-02 Lawrence Waldemar Ihnativ Processing waste materials
FI854138A7 (fi) * 1985-10-23 1987-04-24 A Ahlstroem Oy Paineistettu leijupetikattila.
DE3872787D1 (de) * 1987-01-22 1992-08-20 Saarbergwerke Ag Verbrennung von kohle mit einer wirbelschichtfeuerung.
US4936098A (en) * 1987-05-13 1990-06-26 Gibbs & Hill, Inc. Utilization of circulating fluidized bed combustors for compressed air energy storage application
SE464715B (sv) * 1987-12-02 1991-06-03 Asea Stal Ab Saett att reglera en pfbc-anlaeggning vid driftstoerning i gasturbinaggregat och en pfbc-anlaeggning med utrustning foer saadan reglering
SE459988B (sv) * 1987-12-23 1989-08-28 Abb Stal Ab Saett att vid driftstoerning kyla baeddmaterial i en pfbc-kraftanlaeggning samt pfbc-kraftanlaeggning med en kylkrets ansluten till baeddkaerlet
US5279356A (en) * 1988-12-21 1994-01-18 American Hydrotherm Corporation Waste heat recovery system
FI85417C (fi) * 1989-12-28 1992-04-10 Ahlstroem Oy Foerfarande och anordning foer reglering av temperaturen i en reaktor med fluidiserad baedd.
US5022893A (en) * 1990-03-01 1991-06-11 Foster Wheeler Energy Corporation Fluidized bed steam temperature enhancement system
DE4029065A1 (de) * 1990-09-13 1992-03-19 Babcock Werke Ag Wirbelschichtfeuerung mit einer stationaeren wirbelschicht
SE9101901D0 (sv) * 1991-06-20 1991-06-20 Abb Carbon Ab Saett vid pfbc-anlaeggning
JP3209775B2 (ja) * 1992-01-10 2001-09-17 株式会社日立製作所 複合発電設備およびその運転方法
US5666801A (en) * 1995-09-01 1997-09-16 Rohrer; John W. Combined cycle power plant with integrated CFB devolatilizer and CFB boiler
US5953898A (en) * 1997-02-26 1999-09-21 Foster Wheeler Energia Oy Power generation method including control of temperature of flue gases entering a high temperature ceramic filter
US8858223B1 (en) * 2009-09-22 2014-10-14 Proe Power Systems, Llc Glycerin fueled afterburning engine
JP2013092053A (ja) * 2011-10-24 2013-05-16 Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd 液化ガス処理システム、この制御方法、これを備えた液化ガス運搬船およびこれを備えた液化ガス貯蔵設備
RU2490543C2 (ru) * 2011-10-25 2013-08-20 Федеральное государственное бюджетное учреждение науки Институт катализа им. Г.К. Борескова Сибирского отделения Российской академии наук Каталитический реактор - парогенератор
ES2775004T3 (es) * 2012-03-19 2020-07-23 Stamicarbon B V Acting Under The Name Of Mt Innovation Center Una planta de energía solar térmica y un método para operar una planta de energía solar térmica
RU2527238C1 (ru) * 2013-05-24 2014-08-27 Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "Уникат" Способ обезвреживания органических отходов и нефти
JP5711794B2 (ja) * 2013-09-03 2015-05-07 月島機械株式会社 加圧流動焼却炉設備、及び加圧流動焼却炉設備の制御方法
GB201509651D0 (en) * 2015-06-03 2015-07-15 Castle Europ Ltd Turbine system and method

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US3863606A (en) * 1973-07-25 1975-02-04 Us Environment Vapor generating system utilizing fluidized beds
DE2424394A1 (de) * 1974-05-20 1975-12-04 Foster Wheeler Corp Dampferzeuger
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3066241D1 (en) 1984-03-01
US4380147A (en) 1983-04-19
EP0037858A1 (fr) 1981-10-21

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