Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
  • C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
  • C22B5/00—General methods of reducing to metals
  • C22B5/02—Dry methods smelting of sulfides or formation of mattes
  • C22B5/12—Dry methods smelting of sulfides or formation of mattes by gases
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
  • C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
  • C22B5/00—General methods of reducing to metals
  • C22B5/02—Dry methods smelting of sulfides or formation of mattes
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
  • C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
  • C22B13/00—Obtaining lead
  • C22B13/02—Obtaining lead by dry processes
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
  • C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
  • C22B15/00—Obtaining copper
  • C22B15/0026—Pyrometallurgy
  • C22B15/0028—Smelting or converting
  • C22B15/003—Bath smelting or converting
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
  • C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
  • C22B15/00—Obtaining copper
  • C22B15/0026—Pyrometallurgy
  • C22B15/0028—Smelting or converting
  • C22B15/003—Bath smelting or converting
  • C22B15/0041—Bath smelting or converting in converters
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
  • C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
  • C22B9/00—General processes of refining or remelting of metals; Apparatus for electroslag or arc remelting of metals
  • C22B9/05—Refining by treating with gases, e.g. gas flushing also refining by means of a material generating gas in situ

Definitions

• the invention relates to a method for blowing in highly oxygen-containing gases into a molten bath containing non-ferrous metals by means of double tube nozzles immersed in the melt through the reactor wall, a protective fluid being blown in as coolant through a nozzle of each double tube nozzle.
• highly oxygen-containing gases - technically pure oxygen or gases enriched with oxygen - are blown into a melt.
• the highly oxygen-containing gases by means of nozzles from the bottom or from the side through the wall of a Rea - blown k gate in the melt.
• a protective fluid is blown in to protect the nozzles and the surrounding masonry against the high temperatures occurring at the nozzles. This is done using double tube nozzles.
• the inner tube is generally used to inject the highly oxygen-containing gas and the protective fluid that cools through the annular space between the inner and outer tube.
• Such methods are e.g. B. from DE-OS 24 17 979 and DE-OS 28 07 964 known.
• the invention is based, to reduce or avoid the wear of the double pipe nozzles and the surrounding masonry when blowing highly oxygen-containing gases with protective fluids in melt baths containing non-ferrous metals.
• the amount of protective fluid is adjusted depending on the composition of the slag and the temperature difference of the slag from the solidification point in such a way that approaches are formed on the nozzles on the one hand, and on the other hand the approaches do not exceed a desired thickness.
• the thickness of the approaches on the nozzles and the surrounding masonry is chosen so that the desired protection is achieved on the one hand, but on the other hand good gas permeability of the batches and gas distribution through the batches is achieved. The thickness depends on the operating conditions of the process and is determined empirically. In the case of continuous processes, the required amount of protective fluid remains largely constant, while in batch-operated processes it has to be regulated in larger areas.
• Flammable and non-flammable gases or liquids such as e.g. As nitrogen, SO 2 , CO 2 , water vapor, hydrocarbons can be used. Your selection depends on the procedural conditions.
• the amount of the protective fluid required for the production of the batches depends on the solidification temperature of the slag or high-melting components of the slag and the temperature difference of the slag from this solidification temperature before it comes into contact with the protective fluid.
• the outlet cross section for the protective fluid should be as small as possible and the protective fluid should be blown in under high pressure, for example above 6 bar, so that the required amount of protective fluid can be kept as small as possible.
• a preferred embodiment consists in that the composition and temperature of the slag is adjusted so that even with a slight local cooling of the slag at the nozzles, the crystallization temperature of high-melting constituents - originally dissolved in the slag - is not reached.
• the composition of the slag is adjusted so that it is almost saturated with high-melting compounds such as magnetite, calcium silicates or similar compounds. This is achieved through a corresponding chemical composition of the slag, a corresponding oxidation potential, which depends on the desired. Equilibrium metal sulfide oxide of the non-ferrous metal to be recovered, and by an appropriate temperature of the slag, which is just above the saturation temperature for the high-melting compounds. This creates a good build-up with small amounts of protective fluids.
• a preferred embodiment consists in that the stirring action of the gases blown in through the nozzles is adjusted such that an emulsion of slag and metal reaches the nozzles regardless of the layer height of a metal bath on the bottom of the reactor.
• the stirring effect of the injected gases can be regulated by adjusting their pressure or quantity accordingly and / or by adjusting the thickness of the metal layer above the nozzles. This also creates a good approach.
• a preferred embodiment consists in that the thickness of the lugs takes place by regulating the pressure rise of the flowing protective fluid and / or gas containing high oxygen compared to the original pressure to a desired value.
• the value of the pressure increase depends on the thickness and the shape of the approaches.
• the value of the pressure rise which corresponds to the desired thickness of the approaches, is determined empirically and adhered to. In most cases, a pressure increase of around 0.1 to 0.5 bar is sufficient. This allows the thickness of the approaches to be regulated in a simple manner, although direct observation is not possible.
• a preferred embodiment of the invention is that the desired value of the pressure is regulated by keeping the pressure constant. Only the pressure is kept constant and the volume adjusts to the corresponding value. A particularly simple and effective regulation of the thickness of the approaches is thereby achieved.
• a preferred embodiment is that the reactor is bricked up depending on the composition of the slag and temperature so that a constant film of high-melting components forms on the masonry.
• the lining is chosen so that the heat radiation cools the slag on the inside in such a way that a thin starting film is formed. This also protects the masonry in the vicinity of the nozzles, on which no deposits form due to the direct action of the protective fluid.
• the examples relate to the continuous oxidation of sulfidic concentrates in a refractory-lined reactor in the form of a horizontal cylinder with a length of 4.50 m and a diameter of 1.80 m.
• Additives were added to the sulfidic concentrate in order to produce slags of a certain chemical composition suitable for carrying out the method according to the invention.
• the reactor was equipped with 3 double tube nozzles with inner tube diameters of 10 mm and a propane-oxygen auxiliary burner in order to be able to influence the temperature of the melt independently of the chemical-metallurgical reactions taking place.
• the examples are limited to the oxidation of sulfidic lead concentrates, the slags formed here are particularly aggressive towards all metallic and ceramic materials known in the art because of their lead oxide content.
• the measures for protecting nozzles and masonry of the reactor described in the examples can therefore be analogously applied to the melting of a number of other non-ferrous metals and intermediates, including those Transfer concentrates, stones, food, slags, dusts and sludges containing copper, nickel, cobalt, zinc, lead, tin, antimony or bismuth.
• the mouthpiece of the third nozzle with a porous, conical approach of approx. 30 mm in height and 50 mm in base diameter, which consisted of 70% magnetite and 30% different silicates.
• the masonry in the vicinity of the other two nozzle mouthpieces showed funnel-shaped traces of corrosion of approx. 50 or 100 mm in diameter, the depth of which corresponded to the nozzle burnup.
• the masonry was in the area the third nozzle is completely preserved.
• Example 1 To test the influence of overheating of the slag, three tests were carried out at different temperatures of the slag.
• the flow rates of the protective fluid (6.9 bar nitrogen pressure) used in Example 1 for the second nozzle were set here. At the end of the tests, the nozzles were again drawn and measured:
• the reactor was successively filled with a pure lead oxide slag (Pb0) and a lead silicate slag with the approximate composition 2PbO ⁇ SiO 2 .
• a slag temperature of 930 ° C was set, while the nozzles with oxygen and a Nitrogen pressure of 6.9 bar were operated.
• no mixture of concentrate and additives was added in order not to change the composition of the slag. It was therefore no me - present tallisches lead as bottom phase.
• neither of the two experiments could a firm approach be created in front of the nozzle mouthpieces.
• the nozzles and the surrounding masonry were almost destroyed:
• the reactor was used in an experiment (No. 8) exclusively with the magnetite-containing one. Filled slag into which oxygen and nitrogen (6.9 bar pressure) were blown at a temperature of 930 ° C. The concentrate and additives were not charged in order to suppress the formation of a bottom phase of metallic lead.
• experiment 2 the conditions of experiment 2 (temperature 930 ° C., nitrogen pressure 6.9 bar) were otherwise set.
• the nozzles and the surrounding masonry were completely preserved, but approaches of different sizes had again formed: If approaches of a certain shape and size are to be created, the thickness of the metallic soil phase must be taken into account, provided that it consists of a low-melting metal.
• the advantages of the invention are that the nozzles and the surrounding masonry are protected from chemical attack and erosion by the molten phase with simple means, the amount of protective fluid is kept to a minimum and nevertheless a good gas distribution in the melt is achieved.

Landscapes

• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
• Materials Engineering (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Metallurgy (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
• Carbon Steel Or Casting Steel Manufacturing (AREA)
• Furnace Charging Or Discharging (AREA)
• Furnace Details (AREA)
• Treatment Of Steel In Its Molten State (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (3)

Family

ID=6118459

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (17)

Cited By (5)

Families Citing this family (9)

Citations (5)

Family Cites Families (3)

• 1980
  • 1980-12-05 DE DE19803045992 patent/DE3045992A1/de not_active Withdrawn
• 1981
  • 1981-03-17 IN IN290/CAL/81A patent/IN152960B/en unknown
  • 1981-11-05 ZA ZA817664A patent/ZA817664B/xx unknown
  • 1981-11-11 DE DE8181201257T patent/DE3166865D1/de not_active Expired
  • 1981-11-11 EP EP81201257A patent/EP0053848B2/fr not_active Expired
  • 1981-11-24 FI FI813743A patent/FI68659C/fi not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 1981-11-25 KR KR1019810004557A patent/KR890002800B1/ko not_active Expired
  • 1981-12-01 US US06/326,297 patent/US4435211A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1981-12-02 MA MA19553A patent/MA19349A1/fr unknown
  • 1981-12-03 BR BR8107861A patent/BR8107861A/pt unknown
  • 1981-12-03 PL PL23407981A patent/PL234079A1/xx unknown
  • 1981-12-04 YU YU2836/81A patent/YU42003B/xx unknown
  • 1981-12-04 ES ES507717A patent/ES8300871A1/es not_active Expired
  • 1981-12-04 AU AU78279/81A patent/AU542613B2/en not_active Ceased
  • 1981-12-04 CA CA000391522A patent/CA1180194A/fr not_active Expired
  • 1981-12-04 JP JP56196185A patent/JPS57120626A/ja active Granted
  • 1981-12-04 PH PH26577A patent/PH19449A/en unknown
  • 1981-12-04 MX MX190421A patent/MX156287A/es unknown

Patent Citations (5)

Also Published As

Similar Documents

Legal Events