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EP0045890A1 - Foyer à lit fluidisé - Google Patents

Foyer à lit fluidisé Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0045890A1
EP0045890A1 EP81105895A EP81105895A EP0045890A1 EP 0045890 A1 EP0045890 A1 EP 0045890A1 EP 81105895 A EP81105895 A EP 81105895A EP 81105895 A EP81105895 A EP 81105895A EP 0045890 A1 EP0045890 A1 EP 0045890A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
fluidized bed
area
air box
segments
areas
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP81105895A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0045890B1 (fr
Inventor
Lothar Holl
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Bergwerksverband GmbH
Original Assignee
Bergwerksverband GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Bergwerksverband GmbH filed Critical Bergwerksverband GmbH
Publication of EP0045890A1 publication Critical patent/EP0045890A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0045890B1 publication Critical patent/EP0045890B1/fr
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B15/00—Fluidised-bed furnaces; Other furnaces using or treating finely-divided materials in dispersion
    • F27B15/02—Details, accessories or equipment specially adapted for furnaces of these types
    • F27B15/14—Arrangements of heating devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C10/00—Fluidised bed combustion apparatus
    • F23C10/02—Fluidised bed combustion apparatus with means specially adapted for achieving or promoting a circulating movement of particles within the bed or for a recirculation of particles entrained from the bed
    • F23C10/12—Fluidised bed combustion apparatus with means specially adapted for achieving or promoting a circulating movement of particles within the bed or for a recirculation of particles entrained from the bed the particles being circulated exclusively within the combustion zone
    • F23C10/14—Fluidised bed combustion apparatus with means specially adapted for achieving or promoting a circulating movement of particles within the bed or for a recirculation of particles entrained from the bed the particles being circulated exclusively within the combustion zone the circulating movement being promoted by inducing differing degrees of fluidisation in different parts of the bed
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C10/00—Fluidised bed combustion apparatus
    • F23C10/18—Details; Accessories
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C2900/00—Special features of, or arrangements for combustion apparatus using fluid fuels or solid fuels suspended in air; Combustion processes therefor
    • F23C2900/99006—Arrangements for starting combustion

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a fluidized bed combustion according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • fluidized bed furnaces are used for the combustion of lumpy, dusty or muddy fuels for steam or hot water production.
  • the combustion air supplied via nozzles in the inflow floor ensures that the air is evenly distributed on the one hand, and on the other hand this air causes a constant swirling of the fluid.
  • fluidized bed furnaces for partial load control are divided into segments on the air box side and this subdivision is continued on the fluidized bed side by built-in walls or fin tube walls, a pressure tube (jet feed tube) being fed through each segment of the inflow floor to supply the fuel.
  • a pressure tube jet feed tube
  • the object of the invention is to provide a fluidized bed combustion with simple means, in which a greater burnout and a longer dwell time of the coal in the fluidized bed is achieved, in which the heating is simplified despite the reduction in the number of heating burners and which covers the entire load range in smaller stages .
  • Fluidized bed area can be further reduced in that this area adjoins at least two sides of further fluidized bed areas; here it comes into play that the boundary layer in the swirling and the non-swirling material has a surprisingly high thermal insulation effect - accordingly, in order to achieve the least possible heat dissipation, an area of the fluidized bed that is as central as possible is chosen for the start-up.
  • the part-load behavior is improved, since the load levels can thus be selected in relatively small steps, especially in the lower part-load range, without a division into a particularly large number of individually operable fluidized bed regions being necessary for this.
  • the at least partially cooled walls of the container in which the fluidized bed is operated (claim 5) have the effect that the individual fluidized bed areas in the region of the side walls, the end walls and the inflow floor can be set up specifically for the delivery of a predetermined thermal output.
  • the outlet ends of the jet feed tubes which are guided parallel to the inflow floor, extend the dwell time of the carbon particles near the ground and support their circulation in the fluidized bed, which results in an improvement in the burnout.
  • Fig. 1 denotes the air box of the fluidized bed combustion in a container 14, which is divided, for example, by partition walls 12 into air box segments 1a to 1f and thus also the inflow floor 10 into inflow floor segments 10a to 10f. The corresponding ones are located above these segments of the inflow floor 10 Sections 2a to 2f of the fluidized bed (not shown in Fig. 1). 7 with a heat exchanger tube is designated, which is arranged in the water-cooled end wall 11a. In the possibly also water-cooled other end wall 11, a heating burner 8 is mounted opposite the heat exchanger tube 7.
  • the water-cooled tubes of the inflow floor 10, which are equipped with air nozzles (not shown here), through which the so-called jet feed tube 9 for the coal extend, which are angled at their outlet end 9a parallel to the inflow floor 10, are designated by 13.
  • FIG. 2 shows the division of the air box into the air box segments 1a to 1f, the segments 1a and 1c and 1d and 1f each being approximately half the size of the segments 1b and 1e.
  • the heat exchanger tubes are located above the segments 1d to 1f on the side remote from the heating burner 8.
  • the four beam feed tubes 9_ are located in the segments 1b and 1e.
  • the side walls of the container 14 are designated 3 and 4, respectively.
  • the movement of the particles in the fluidized bed is also indicated in FIG. 3.
  • Fig. 4 the side air box segments 1a and 1c and the middle air box segment 1b are separated from each other by the partitions 12a and 12b.
  • 2b denotes the fluidized bed in motion above the air box segment 1b loaded with combustion air and 2a or 2c denotes the two fluidized bed layers at rest above the air box segments 1a and 1c not loaded with air.
  • 5 and 6 the separating surfaces between the dormant layers and the moving layer.
  • FIG. 5 shows the individual power fractions of the segments 1a to 1f, each of which corresponds to an area fraction of 25% or 12.5% on the inflow floor 10.
  • the fluidized bed consists of inert material, for example sand, ash or limestone.
  • inert material for example sand, ash or limestone.
  • the air box segment 1b is always put into operation. Since the other air box segments are not acted upon by combustion air, forms on this Schichtgut a slope such as e (Fig. 4 (5), (6)) can be seen.
  • the fluidized bed in region 2b of the fluidized bed is then heated using the heating burner (8).
  • the absence of heat exchanger tubes (7) in this area shortens the heating time of the fluidized material, since no additional heat is extracted from the fluidized bed.
  • coal with a conveying fluid is introduced into the fluidized bed through the jet feed pipes (FIG. 2 (9)) in FIG. 2 (9) and the fluidized material is heated further until an operating temperature of about 850 C is reached.
  • an operating temperature of about 850 C is reached.
  • only heat is extracted through the water-cooled inflow floor (FIG. 3 (10)) and the water-cooled end wall (FIG. 3 (11)).
  • the thermal insulation compared to the resting good Material in the other fluidized bed areas is so large that there are no significant heat losses.
  • only 10% of the nominal load (Fig. 5 (1b)) is achieved.
  • the area 1a can now be fluidized, for example, which results in a mixing temperature. If the temperature drops below a predetermined minimum value, the fluidization in area 1a is temporarily set and area 1b is further heated by charging coal. This process is repeated until both areas have the desired operating temperature. Then the fluidized bed combustion has reached 20% (FIG. 5) output. By switching on the area 1c in the same way, a further increase in performance to 30% (FIG. 5) can be achieved. In this operating state, in which the areas 1d to 1f are not fluidized, the slope runs across the center of the fluidized bed.
  • the heat exchanger tubes installed in the areas 1d to 1f allow further increases in performance of respectively 20 and 30% to be achieved (Fig. 5).
  • the connection of these areas happens in the manner described.
  • With a desired output of 80%, e.g. B. only areas 1b, 1d to 1f in operation.
  • coal is also fed into the fluidized bed through the steel feed pipes (FIG. 2 (9)) located in area 1e.
  • any desired output of the fluidized bed furnace can be operated between 10 and 100% in load levels of 10%.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Fluidized-Bed Combustion And Resonant Combustion (AREA)
  • Acyclic And Carbocyclic Compounds In Medicinal Compositions (AREA)
  • Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
EP81105895A 1980-08-09 1981-07-25 Foyer à lit fluidisé Expired EP0045890B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19803030215 DE3030215A1 (de) 1980-08-09 1980-08-09 Wirbelbett-feuerung
DE3030215 1980-08-09

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0045890A1 true EP0045890A1 (fr) 1982-02-17
EP0045890B1 EP0045890B1 (fr) 1985-05-02

Family

ID=6109285

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP81105895A Expired EP0045890B1 (fr) 1980-08-09 1981-07-25 Foyer à lit fluidisé

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0045890B1 (fr)
DE (2) DE3030215A1 (fr)
DK (1) DK353381A (fr)
NO (1) NO153273C (fr)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3232794A1 (de) * 1982-08-26 1984-03-01 Gebrüder Sulzer AG, 8401 Winterthur Brennkammerboden zu einer wirbelschichtfeuerung
FR2542066A1 (fr) * 1983-03-03 1984-09-07 Fives Cail Babcock Procede pour bruler des charbons gonflants en lit fluidise a grille mecanique mobile, et foyer adapte a la mise en oeuvre de ce procede
EP0224027A1 (fr) * 1985-10-23 1987-06-03 Babcock-Hitachi Kabushiki Kaisha Methode de combustion en lit fluidisé
WO1989008225A1 (fr) * 1988-03-04 1989-09-08 Aalborg Boilers A/S Refroidisseur a lit fluidise, reacteur de combustion a lit fluidise et procede d'utilisation d'un tel reacteur
US5900257A (en) * 1995-10-26 1999-05-04 Societe L'oreal S.A. Cosmetic/pharmaceutical compositions comprising lanthanide manganese, tin and/or yttrium salts as substance P antagonists

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AT385109B (de) * 1986-03-06 1988-02-25 Simmering Graz Pauker Ag Verfahren und vorrichtung zur verbesserung des teillastverhaltens einer wirbelschichtfeuerung
SE9401032L (sv) * 1994-03-28 1995-09-29 Abb Carbon Ab Förfarande och anordning för att efterjustera tubyta i en fluidiserad bädd

Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3542523A (en) * 1967-09-08 1970-11-24 Dorr Oliver Inc Reactor design
DE2157931A1 (de) * 1971-11-23 1973-05-30 Metallgesellschaft Ag Vorrichtung zur direkten beheizung von wirbelschichtreaktoren
DE2412379A1 (de) * 1973-03-20 1974-09-26 British Petroleum Co Verteilerplatte fuer wirbelschichtoefen und ihre verwendung
DE2439095A1 (de) * 1973-09-21 1975-04-03 Coal Industry Patents Ltd Dampfkessel oder boiler mit einem betriebsfluessigkeitskreislauf und einer brennkammer
US3893426A (en) * 1974-03-25 1975-07-08 Foster Wheeler Corp Heat exchanger utilizing adjoining fluidized beds
US3996863A (en) * 1976-03-15 1976-12-14 The United States Of America As Represented By The United States Energy Research And Development Administration Rapid ignition of fluidized bed boiler
DE2738438A1 (de) * 1976-08-26 1978-03-02 British Petroleum Co Wirbelschichtofen
GB2001742A (en) * 1977-07-15 1979-02-07 Coal Ind Starting-up fluidised combustion bed systems
US4167918A (en) * 1978-04-13 1979-09-18 Combustion Engineering, Inc. Fluid-bed air-supply system
EP0006307A1 (fr) * 1978-05-31 1980-01-09 Deborah Fluidised Combustion Limited Chaudière

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2814239C2 (de) * 1978-04-03 1985-11-14 Steag Ag, 4300 Essen Wirbelbettfeuerung für die Verbrennung von stückigem Brennstoff

Patent Citations (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3542523A (en) * 1967-09-08 1970-11-24 Dorr Oliver Inc Reactor design
DE2157931A1 (de) * 1971-11-23 1973-05-30 Metallgesellschaft Ag Vorrichtung zur direkten beheizung von wirbelschichtreaktoren
DE2412379A1 (de) * 1973-03-20 1974-09-26 British Petroleum Co Verteilerplatte fuer wirbelschichtoefen und ihre verwendung
US3881857A (en) * 1973-03-20 1975-05-06 Bp Trading Ltd Combustor
GB1459766A (en) * 1973-03-20 1976-12-31 British Petroleum Co Combustor
DE2439095A1 (de) * 1973-09-21 1975-04-03 Coal Industry Patents Ltd Dampfkessel oder boiler mit einem betriebsfluessigkeitskreislauf und einer brennkammer
US3893426A (en) * 1974-03-25 1975-07-08 Foster Wheeler Corp Heat exchanger utilizing adjoining fluidized beds
US3996863A (en) * 1976-03-15 1976-12-14 The United States Of America As Represented By The United States Energy Research And Development Administration Rapid ignition of fluidized bed boiler
DE2738438A1 (de) * 1976-08-26 1978-03-02 British Petroleum Co Wirbelschichtofen
GB2001742A (en) * 1977-07-15 1979-02-07 Coal Ind Starting-up fluidised combustion bed systems
US4167918A (en) * 1978-04-13 1979-09-18 Combustion Engineering, Inc. Fluid-bed air-supply system
EP0006307A1 (fr) * 1978-05-31 1980-01-09 Deborah Fluidised Combustion Limited Chaudière

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3232794A1 (de) * 1982-08-26 1984-03-01 Gebrüder Sulzer AG, 8401 Winterthur Brennkammerboden zu einer wirbelschichtfeuerung
FR2542066A1 (fr) * 1983-03-03 1984-09-07 Fives Cail Babcock Procede pour bruler des charbons gonflants en lit fluidise a grille mecanique mobile, et foyer adapte a la mise en oeuvre de ce procede
EP0224027A1 (fr) * 1985-10-23 1987-06-03 Babcock-Hitachi Kabushiki Kaisha Methode de combustion en lit fluidisé
WO1989008225A1 (fr) * 1988-03-04 1989-09-08 Aalborg Boilers A/S Refroidisseur a lit fluidise, reacteur de combustion a lit fluidise et procede d'utilisation d'un tel reacteur
US5900257A (en) * 1995-10-26 1999-05-04 Societe L'oreal S.A. Cosmetic/pharmaceutical compositions comprising lanthanide manganese, tin and/or yttrium salts as substance P antagonists

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DK353381A (da) 1982-02-10
DE3170277D1 (en) 1985-06-05
NO153273B (no) 1985-11-04
NO812685L (no) 1982-02-10
EP0045890B1 (fr) 1985-05-02
DE3030215A1 (de) 1982-03-18
NO153273C (no) 1986-02-12

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