DE827558C - Process for the production of zinc from oxidic raw materials - Google Patents
Process for the production of zinc from oxidic raw materialsInfo
- Publication number
- DE827558C DE827558C DEJ950A DEJ0000950A DE827558C DE 827558 C DE827558 C DE 827558C DE J950 A DEJ950 A DE J950A DE J0000950 A DEJ0000950 A DE J0000950A DE 827558 C DE827558 C DE 827558C
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- zinc
- iron
- slag
- furnace
- production
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 17
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 14
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 title claims description 14
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 11
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 3
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 title description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 36
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 19
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005021 gait Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010970 precious metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003752 zinc compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B19/00—Obtaining zinc or zinc oxide
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B19/00—Obtaining zinc or zinc oxide
- C22B19/04—Obtaining zinc by distilling
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B4/00—Electrothermal treatment of ores or metallurgical products for obtaining metals or alloys
- C22B4/04—Heavy metals
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
Description
Verfahren zur Gewinnung von Zink aus oxydischen Ausgangsstoffen Es ist bekannt, zinkhaltige Schlacken im Elektroofen durch Destillation auf metallisches Zink zu verarbeiten, wobei die flüssige Schlacke als Widerstand dient und zur Reduktion der Zinkverbindungen feinkörniger Brennstoff zugegeben wird, der im Prozeß an der Oberfläche der Schlacke schwimmt. Da Zinkoxyd nur begrenzt in Silicatschlacke löslich ist, eignet sich dieses bekannte Verfahren nur für die Verarbeitung zinkarmer Schlacken. Die Erfindung hat nun ein Verfahren zum Gegenstand, das gestattet, zinkreiche Materialien, insbesondere Röstblende, Zinkoxyd usw. im elektrischen Widerstandsofen auf Zinkgewinnung hin zu verarbeiten. Das Verfahren besteht in erster Linie darin, daß* als Reduktionsmittel metallisches Eisen verwandt wird, das eine eisenreiche Schlacke bildet. Diese Schlacke löst erheblich größere Zinkoxydmengen auf als eine übliche Silicatschlacke, und außerdem hat die Verwendung metallischen Eisens, insbesondere in Form von kohlenstoffarmen körnigen Luppen, den Vorteil, daß der Reduktionsstoff nicht an der Oberfläche der Schlacke schwimmt, sondern das Eisen sich vermöge seines hohen spezifischen Gewichts im Innern der Schlacke befindet und daher durch die wesentlich größere Berührungsfläche mit der Schlacke wesentlich schneller reagiert als der auf der Beschickung schwimmende Koks. Die Beheizung des Ofens kann durch Wechselstrom erfolgen, der durch eine Bodenelektrode und eine an der Oberfläche der Schlacke befindliche Elektrode dem Bad zugeführt wird. Die erforderliche Spannung beträgt z. B. bei etwa 8 cm Elektrodenabstand 15 V und läßt sich durch Erhöhung des Schlackenbades beliebig steigern.Process for the production of zinc from oxidic raw materials Es is known to produce zinc-containing slag in the electric furnace by distillation on metallic Process zinc, with the liquid slag serving as resistance and for reduction the zinc compounds fine-grain fuel is added, which in the process at the Surface of the slag floats. Since zinc oxide has only limited solubility in silicate slag is, this known method is only suitable for processing low-zinc slag. The subject of the invention is a method which allows zinc-rich materials, in particular roasting blends, zinc oxide etc. in an electric resistance furnace for zinc extraction to process. The process consists primarily in that * as a reducing agent metallic iron is used, which forms an iron-rich slag. This slag dissolves considerably larger amounts of zinc oxide than a common silicate slag, and also has the use of metallic iron, especially in the form of low-carbon granular flakes, the advantage that the reducing agent is not on the surface of the Slag floats, but iron itself by virtue of its high specific weight located inside the slag and therefore due to the much larger contact area reacts with the slag much faster than the one floating on the feeder Coke. The furnace can be heated by alternating current that is generated by a bottom electrode and an electrode located on the surface of the slag is fed to the bath will. The required voltage is z. B. at about 8 cm electrode spacing 15 V and can be increased as desired by increasing the slag bath.
Um die Elektroden an der Oberfläche des Bades zu schonen und die Reduktion von Zinkoxyd durch die Kohlenstoffelektroden weitgehend zu vermeiden, kann man neben oder an Stelle des Wechselstroms den Elektroden auch Gleichstrom "tierselben Spannung zufuhren. Dabei ist es zweckmäßig, die Elektroden so zu schalten, daß die Sauerstoffabscheidung an der Bodenelektrode erfolgt. In der Schlackenschicht unmittelbar eberhalb der Bodenelektroden befinden sich bevorzugt die bei den in Frage kommenden Temperaturen noch nicht geschmolzenen Eisengranalien, die mit den Bodenelektroden direkt in Kontakt stehen und daher bei der Verwendung von Gleichstrom als Elektrode wirken und den Sauerstoff unmittelbar binden.In order to protect the electrodes on the surface of the bath and the reduction largely avoiding zinc oxide through the carbon electrodes, can in addition to or in place of the alternating current, direct current is also used in the electrodes Apply voltage. It is useful to switch the electrodes so that the Oxygen separation takes place at the bottom electrode. Immediately in the slag layer The ones in question are preferably located above the bottom electrodes Temperatures not yet melted iron granules with the bottom electrodes are in direct contact and therefore when using direct current as the electrode act and bind the oxygen directly.
Bei dem Verfahren entsteht eine eisenreiche Schlacke mit 5o bis 60% Fe, die je nach den Betriebsbedingungen etwa 5 bis io% Zn enthält. Diese Schlacke wird nach Erkalten zweckmäßigerweise einem Rennwälzofen zugeführt, in dem Eisenluppen und Zinkoxyd gewonnen werden. Beide Produkte gehen in den Prozeß zurück, so daß nur die geringe Menge der Endschlacke des Rennofens, die fast nur aus der Gangart des Erzes besteht, aus dem Prozeß herausgenommen wird. Die Metallgehalte dieser Endschlacke sind sehr gering, nämlich etwa o,i bis 0,3% Zn und 3 bis 4% Fe. In der Regel ist der Eisengehalt des Erzes hoch genug, um diesen Eisenverlust in der Endschlacke zu decken, so daß ein Verbrauch an Eisen nicht stattfindet. Die im Erz vorhandenen Gehalte an Kupfer und Edelmetallen gehen zu etwa 98 bis 99% in die Luppen, so daß es sich empfiehlt, einen Teil des Eisens abzuzweigen und einer Sonderbehandlung zu unterwerfen, wenn die Fremdmetalle soweit angereichert sind, daß sich eine gesonderte Verarbeitung lohnt. Der gesamte Energieverbrauch des Prozesses ist sehr gering, da die Widerstandsbeheizung im Destillationsofen eine sehr gute Wärmeausnutzung ergibt. Die Verwendung von Eisen als Reduktionsstoff hat den Vorteil, daß die Umsetzung von Zinkoxyd mit metallischem Eisen nur wenig endotherm ist und daher der Verbrauch an elektrischer Energie wesentlich geringer ist als bei Verwendung von kohlenstoffhaltigem Reduktionsmaterial. Im Rennofen wird als Brenn- und Reduktionsstoff nur feinkörniger Abfallbrennstoff verwandt, dessen Menge relativ gering ist.The process produces an iron-rich slag with 50 to 60% Fe, which, depending on the operating conditions, contains about 5 to 10% Zn. This slag is expediently fed to a racing furnace after cooling down, in the iron shells and zinc oxide can be obtained. Both products go back into the process, so that only the small amount of the final slag of the racing furnace, which is almost entirely out of the gait of the ore is taken out of the process. The metal contents of this Final slag is very low, namely about 0.1 to 0.3% Zn and 3 to 4% Fe. In the The iron content of the ore is usually high enough to prevent this loss of iron in the final slag to cover so that a consumption of iron does not take place. Those present in the ore Contents of copper and precious metals go to about 98 to 99% in the lobes, so that it is advisable to divert part of the iron and give it special treatment to submit if the foreign metals are so enriched that a separate Processing is worthwhile. The total energy consumption of the process is very low, because the resistance heating in the distillation furnace makes very good use of heat results. The use of iron as a reducing agent has the advantage that the implementation of zinc oxide with metallic iron is only slightly endothermic and hence the consumption in electrical energy is much lower than when using carbonaceous Reducing material. In the racing kiln, the fuel and reducing agent only becomes finer-grained Waste fuel used, the amount of which is relatively small.
Die Verwendung des Eisens als Reduktionsmittel hat den weiteren Vorteil, daß im Prozeß keine gasförmigen Reduktionsprodukte entstehen und somit die Kondensation des in sehr konzentrierter Form anfallenden Zinkdampfes wesentlich günstiger ist als wenn mit kohlenstoffhaltigem Reduktionsmaterial gearbeitet wird, bei dem gleiche Mengen Zinkdämpfe und Kohlenoxyd entstehen.The use of iron as a reducing agent has the further advantage of that in the process no gaseous reduction products arise and thus condensation the zinc vapor, which is produced in a very concentrated form, is much cheaper than when working with carbonaceous reducing material, the same Amounts of zinc vapors and carbon monoxide are produced.
Claims (3)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DEJ950A DE827558C (en) | 1950-05-23 | 1950-05-23 | Process for the production of zinc from oxidic raw materials |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DEJ950A DE827558C (en) | 1950-05-23 | 1950-05-23 | Process for the production of zinc from oxidic raw materials |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| DE827558C true DE827558C (en) | 1952-01-10 |
Family
ID=7197557
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| DEJ950A Expired DE827558C (en) | 1950-05-23 | 1950-05-23 | Process for the production of zinc from oxidic raw materials |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| DE (1) | DE827558C (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE10349980A1 (en) * | 2003-10-24 | 2005-09-22 | Hunck, Wolfgang, Dipl.-Ing. | Method for cooling e.g. metal or metal oxide melt through which current is flowing comprises feeding pulsed high direct current or alternating current through it |
-
1950
- 1950-05-23 DE DEJ950A patent/DE827558C/en not_active Expired
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE10349980A1 (en) * | 2003-10-24 | 2005-09-22 | Hunck, Wolfgang, Dipl.-Ing. | Method for cooling e.g. metal or metal oxide melt through which current is flowing comprises feeding pulsed high direct current or alternating current through it |
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