DE4041329A1 - METHOD FOR PRODUCING A Peat Substitute From Vegetable Raw Materials And Waste - Google Patents
METHOD FOR PRODUCING A Peat Substitute From Vegetable Raw Materials And WasteInfo
- Publication number
- DE4041329A1 DE4041329A1 DE4041329A DE4041329A DE4041329A1 DE 4041329 A1 DE4041329 A1 DE 4041329A1 DE 4041329 A DE4041329 A DE 4041329A DE 4041329 A DE4041329 A DE 4041329A DE 4041329 A1 DE4041329 A1 DE 4041329A1
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- peat
- raw
- waste materials
- waste
- producing
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 8
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 3
- 239000003415 peat Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000006259 organic additive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 230000029087 digestion Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000009313 farming Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 2
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003898 horticulture Methods 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000237858 Gastropoda Species 0.000 description 1
- 244000089486 Phragmites australis subsp australis Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000014676 Phragmites communis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000218657 Picea Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011121 hardwood Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004021 humic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002427 irreversible effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930014626 natural product Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008092 positive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F11/00—Other organic fertilisers
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/22—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing plant material
- A01G24/23—Wood, e.g. wood chips or sawdust
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Ecology (AREA)
- Forests & Forestry (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
- Soil Conditioners And Soil-Stabilizing Materials (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Herstellen eines Torfersatzstoffes aus pflanzlichen Roh- und Abfall stoffen, insbesondere der Forst- und Landwirtschaft.The invention relates to a method for manufacturing a peat substitute from vegetable raw and waste substances, especially forestry and agriculture.
Die Verwendung von Torf auch in Form von Torf-Kultur- Substraten oder in anderer Form im Garten- und Pflanzenbau ist ebenso bekannt, wie seine Verwendung für andere Zwec ke, wie z. B. als Einstreu bei der Tierhaltung oder in der Medizin.The use of peat also in the form of peat culture Substrates or in other forms in horticulture and plant growing is known as well as its use for other Zwec ke, such as B. as bedding in animal husbandry or in the Medicine.
Der Torf hat bei der Anwendung im Garten- und Pflan zenbau wegen seiner vielen Luftporen, seiner großen Puf ferkapazität, der Strukturstabilität, seiner Wasserhalte fähigkeit, des geringen Volumengewichtes und anderer posi tiver Eigenschaften eine entsprechend hohe Bedeutung und Beliebtheit erlangt.The peat has when used in the garden and plant zenbau because of its many air pores, its large puff capacity, structural stability, its water retention ability of low volume weight and other posi tive properties a correspondingly high importance and Gained popularity.
Ein heutzutage immer schwerer wiegender Nachteil des natürlichen Torfes ist nicht anwendungstechnischer, son dern ökologischer Art. Der stark gestiegene Verbrauch na türlichen Torfes in Landwirtschaft und Gartenbau führt zum Torfabbau in bisher noch intakten Feuchtgebieten, was als großer irreversibler Schaden an der Natur immer mehr bean standet wird.A disadvantage of the natural peat is not more technical, son of an ecological nature. The strongly increased consumption of course door peat in agriculture and horticulture leads to Peat extraction in wetlands that were still intact, what as great irreversible damage to nature more and more stands.
Torf ist ein, wenn überhaupt, nur langsam nachwachs endes Naturprodukt. Torf wird in der Literatur defini tionsgemäß als eine aus überwiegend abgestorbenen pflanz lichen, daneben aus tierischen Organismen unter Abschluß der Luft durch Wasser entstandene, nacheiszeitliche orga nische Bildung bezeichnet.Peat is slow to grow, if at all end natural product. Peat is defined in the literature according to the plan as one of predominantly dead plants lichen, besides from animal organisms under conclusion post-glacial orga created by air from water African education.
Torf enthält dabei noch freie Zellulose. Als Hauptbe standteil liegen im Torf bis zu 50% Huminsäuren vor. Im frisch gewonnenen Zustand enthält Torf bis zu 90% Wasser, lufttrocken noch 25 bis 30%. Peat still contains free cellulose. As the main name Part of the peat contains up to 50% humic acids. in the freshly obtained condition contains peat up to 90% water, air dry 25 to 30%.
Es wird nun schon seit längerem versucht, einen Torf ersatzstoff aus pflanzlichen Roh- und Abfallstoffen herzu stellen. So ist ein thermochemisches Verfahren durch die Universität Hohenheim bekannt geworden, bei welchem die Verrottung nachvollzogen wird. Bei Temperaturen zwischen 150 und 200°C wird im Zeitraffertempo die Cellulose bei Anwesenheit von Säuren in wenigen Minuten in vergärbaren Zucker gespalten, der danach extrahiert wird.It has been trying for a long time now, a peat substitute from vegetable raw materials and waste materials put. So is a thermochemical process by University of Hohenheim, where the Rotting is traced. At temperatures between At 150 and 200 ° C, the cellulose is added at a rapid rate Presence of acids in fermentable in a few minutes Split sugar, which is then extracted.
Die nach der mechanischen Zerfaserung erhaltenen un gelösten Rückstände werden als Hydro-Mull bezeichnet und sollen ähnliche physikalische Eigenschaften wie Torf auf weisen, weshalb sie als Torfersatz benutzt werden.The un obtained after mechanical defibration dissolved residues are called Hydro-Mull and are said to have similar physical properties to peat point out why they are used as a peat substitute.
Wenngleich sich die für den Prozeß notwendige Energie aus lignocellulosehaltigen Abfällen gewinnen läßt, ist dieses Verfahren aufwendig.Although the energy necessary for the process can be obtained from lignocellulose-containing waste this process is expensive.
Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein gat tungsgemäßes Verfahren zu schaffen, durch das ein Torfer satzstoff erhalten wird, welcher dem Torf noch ähnlichere Eigenschaften aufweist und welches weniger energieintensiv ist.The invention has for its object a gat according to the procedure to create a goalie Substance is obtained which is even more similar to peat Features and which is less energy intensive is.
Diese Aufgabe wird durch die Erfindung gelöst. Bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren werden die Roh- und Ab fallstoffe in einer Schneckenpresse thermomechanisch auf geschlossen und zerfasert und zusammen mit mineralischen und organischen Zuschlagsstoffen gemischt.This object is achieved by the invention. At the raw and Ab waste materials thermomechanically in a screw press closed and frayed and together with mineral and organic additives mixed.
Die verwendeten Stoffe sind alle natürlichen Ursprun ges. So sind die Roh- und Abfallstoffe nachwachsende, ver holzte, pflanzliche Reststoffe aus der Land- und Forst wirtschaft sowie aus der holzverarbeitenden Industrie, wobei vorzugsweise saubere Resthölzer, wie Fichte oder Tanne, verwendet werden. Es sind aber auch verschiedene Laubholzarten sowie stark faserhaltige Pflanzenreststof fe, wie z. B. auch Schilf, verarbeitbar.The substances used are all of natural origin total So the raw and waste materials are renewable, ver wooded, vegetable residues from agriculture and forestry economy as well as from the wood processing industry, preferably clean residual wood, such as spruce or Fir, can be used. But they are also different Hardwood species and highly fibrous plant residues fe, such as B. also reeds, processable.
Als zuzumischende mineralische und organische Zu schlagsstoffe wird ein von der Firma UWAS Umweltservice Gesellschaft für Abfallverwertung und Recycling m.b.H. in D-8045 Ismaning unter der Marke "TORMIN" vertriebenes Ge misch verwendet, welches aus natürlichen Roh- und Abfall stoffen besteht.As admixed mineral and organic additives Impact is made by the company UWAS environmental service Society for waste recovery and recycling m.b.H. in D-8045 Ismaning Ge sold under the brand "TORMIN" mixed uses, which from natural raw and waste fabrics.
In die Schneckenpresse werden feuchte, pflanzliche Roh- und Abfallstoffe eingegeben, wobei diese zweckmäßi gerweise vorzerkleinert sind.In the screw press, moist, vegetable Raw and waste materials entered, these expedient are partially shredded.
Die Roh- und Abfallstoffe werden in der Schnecken presse mittels Druck und Reibung erhitzt und aufgeschlos sen, wobei vorteilhafterweise der beim Pressen entstehende Dampf zum Dampfaufschluß der Roh- und Abfallstoffe ausge nutzt und der entstehende Dampf zusammen mit dem fertigen Produkt abgeführt wird.The raw and waste materials are in the snail press heated and unlocked by means of pressure and friction sen, which advantageously results from the pressing Steam for steam digestion of raw and waste materials uses and the resulting steam together with the finished Product is discharged.
In der folgenden Tabelle werden die Eigenschaften des nach dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren hergestellten Torfer satzstoffes (Ersatz) den Werten von Torf nach DIN 11 540 gegenübergestellt:The following table shows the properties of the Peat produced by the method according to the invention substitute the values of peat according to DIN 11 540 juxtaposed:
Die Meßwerte des erfindungsgemäßen Torfersatzstoffes wurden durch die Bayerische Hauptversuchsanstalt für Landwirtschaft in D-8050 Freising/Weihenstephan ermittelt. Dabei wurde festgestellt, daß der Ersatzstoff Meßwerte aufweist, die innerhalb der Schwankungsbreite natürlichen Torfes liegen. Der Ersatzstoff hat dem natürlichen Torf ähnliche bis identische Eigenschaften und eignet sich - obwohl er aus Abfall- und Reststoffen hergestellt wird - für all die Anwendungen, für die bisher natürlich entstandener Torf eingesetzt wurde.The measured values of the peat substitute according to the invention were developed by the Bavarian Central Research Institute for Agriculture in D-8050 Freising / Weihenstephan determined. It was found that the substitute Has measured values that are within the fluctuation range natural peat. The substitute has that similar to identical properties and natural peat is suitable - although it consists of waste and residual materials is manufactured - for all the applications for which so far naturally created peat was used.
Claims (7)
Priority Applications (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE4041329A DE4041329A1 (en) | 1990-12-21 | 1990-12-21 | METHOD FOR PRODUCING A Peat Substitute From Vegetable Raw Materials And Waste |
| AU91032/91A AU9103291A (en) | 1990-12-21 | 1991-12-21 | Process from producing a peat substitute from vegetable raw and waste materials |
| PCT/EP1991/002487 WO1992011221A1 (en) | 1990-12-21 | 1991-12-21 | Process from producing a peat substitute from vegetable raw and waste materials |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE4041329A DE4041329A1 (en) | 1990-12-21 | 1990-12-21 | METHOD FOR PRODUCING A Peat Substitute From Vegetable Raw Materials And Waste |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| DE4041329A1 true DE4041329A1 (en) | 1992-06-25 |
Family
ID=6421124
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE4041329A Withdrawn DE4041329A1 (en) | 1990-12-21 | 1990-12-21 | METHOD FOR PRODUCING A Peat Substitute From Vegetable Raw Materials And Waste |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| AU (1) | AU9103291A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE4041329A1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO1992011221A1 (en) |
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE4130468A1 (en) * | 1991-03-16 | 1992-09-17 | Aurenz Helmut Asb Gruenland | BASIC MATERIAL FOR A PLANT CULTURE SUBSTRATE AND CULTURAL SUBSTRATE FOR PLANTS |
| DE9212758U1 (en) * | 1992-09-22 | 1993-10-21 | Laschka, Joachim F., 85614 Kirchseeon | Special potting soil for flower pots / plant troughs |
| DE4334249A1 (en) * | 1992-10-10 | 1994-05-11 | Torfgesellschaft Mbh Deutsche | Conversion of compost to marketable press - comprises granulating the compost by rolling in rotating plates or drums followed by sorting according to granule size. |
| DE4401279C1 (en) * | 1994-01-18 | 1995-04-13 | Allplant Entw & Marketing Gmbh | Culture substrate and its preparation |
| DE4401278A1 (en) * | 1994-01-18 | 1995-07-20 | Allplant Entw & Marketing Gmbh | Plant growth medium prepared by rapid fermentation |
| EP0923854A3 (en) * | 1997-12-20 | 2000-09-13 | Bioprodukte Prof. Steinberg GmbH | Process and device for making a high value peat substitute |
| WO2008084210A3 (en) * | 2007-01-09 | 2008-11-20 | Inst Of Food Res | Method and kit for producing plant growth medium by composting |
| ITMI20092246A1 (en) * | 2009-12-21 | 2011-06-22 | Paolo Rebai | METHOD OF REALIZATION OF ARTIFICIAL TOWER, PARTICULARLY FOR THE PRODUCTION OF TERRIC ISSUES FOR FLOROVIVAISM, FOR HORTICULTURE, FOR GARDENING AND SIMILAR. |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO1994019296A1 (en) * | 1993-02-17 | 1994-09-01 | Butterfly's Pty Limited | A method and apparatus for the treatment of organic matter |
| EP0613870A1 (en) * | 1993-03-04 | 1994-09-07 | Analysa Bodenberatung + Umwelttechnik Ag | Process for reclaiming of water containing vegetal matters |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE856744C (en) * | 1950-06-03 | 1952-11-24 | Cyril James Dew | Process for treating straw to produce compost-like fertilizers |
| DE2843218B1 (en) * | 1978-10-04 | 1980-04-17 | Egbert Ing Ufheil | Process for producing a humus builder from tree bark |
| DE2814623C2 (en) * | 1978-04-05 | 1987-01-08 | Egbert Ing.(Grad.) 7601 Ortenberg Ufheil | Process for producing a fertilizer from tree bark |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB2161466A (en) * | 1984-07-10 | 1986-01-15 | Christopher Paul Richa Reynell | Plant growth medium containing vegetable fibres |
| FR2625645B1 (en) * | 1988-01-13 | 1991-07-05 | Wogegal Sa | PROCESS AND INSTALLATION FOR PRODUCING A PRODUCT AS A CULTURE SUPPORT |
| CH680290A5 (en) * | 1990-03-20 | 1992-07-31 | Iup Inst Fuer Umweltpflege Ag |
-
1990
- 1990-12-21 DE DE4041329A patent/DE4041329A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
1991
- 1991-12-21 AU AU91032/91A patent/AU9103291A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1991-12-21 WO PCT/EP1991/002487 patent/WO1992011221A1/en not_active Ceased
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE856744C (en) * | 1950-06-03 | 1952-11-24 | Cyril James Dew | Process for treating straw to produce compost-like fertilizers |
| DE2814623C2 (en) * | 1978-04-05 | 1987-01-08 | Egbert Ing.(Grad.) 7601 Ortenberg Ufheil | Process for producing a fertilizer from tree bark |
| DE2843218B1 (en) * | 1978-10-04 | 1980-04-17 | Egbert Ing Ufheil | Process for producing a humus builder from tree bark |
Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE4130468A1 (en) * | 1991-03-16 | 1992-09-17 | Aurenz Helmut Asb Gruenland | BASIC MATERIAL FOR A PLANT CULTURE SUBSTRATE AND CULTURAL SUBSTRATE FOR PLANTS |
| DE9212758U1 (en) * | 1992-09-22 | 1993-10-21 | Laschka, Joachim F., 85614 Kirchseeon | Special potting soil for flower pots / plant troughs |
| DE4334249A1 (en) * | 1992-10-10 | 1994-05-11 | Torfgesellschaft Mbh Deutsche | Conversion of compost to marketable press - comprises granulating the compost by rolling in rotating plates or drums followed by sorting according to granule size. |
| DE4401279C1 (en) * | 1994-01-18 | 1995-04-13 | Allplant Entw & Marketing Gmbh | Culture substrate and its preparation |
| DE4401278A1 (en) * | 1994-01-18 | 1995-07-20 | Allplant Entw & Marketing Gmbh | Plant growth medium prepared by rapid fermentation |
| US5900038A (en) * | 1994-01-18 | 1999-05-04 | Allplant Entwicklungs- Und Marketing Gmbh | Cultivation substrate and method of preparing the same |
| EP0923854A3 (en) * | 1997-12-20 | 2000-09-13 | Bioprodukte Prof. Steinberg GmbH | Process and device for making a high value peat substitute |
| WO2008084210A3 (en) * | 2007-01-09 | 2008-11-20 | Inst Of Food Res | Method and kit for producing plant growth medium by composting |
| US8361171B2 (en) | 2007-01-09 | 2013-01-29 | Institute Of Food Research | Method and kit |
| ITMI20092246A1 (en) * | 2009-12-21 | 2011-06-22 | Paolo Rebai | METHOD OF REALIZATION OF ARTIFICIAL TOWER, PARTICULARLY FOR THE PRODUCTION OF TERRIC ISSUES FOR FLOROVIVAISM, FOR HORTICULTURE, FOR GARDENING AND SIMILAR. |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| AU9103291A (en) | 1992-07-22 |
| WO1992011221A1 (en) | 1992-07-09 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| OM8 | Search report available as to paragraph 43 lit. 1 sentence 1 patent law | ||
| 8139 | Disposal/non-payment of the annual fee |