DE3703799A1 - 3-dimensional rotating toy - Google Patents

Abstract

3-dimensional rotating toys have rotating bodies that can be twisted about axes of rotation. These axes of rotation preferably extend through the centre of the complete body. The rotating bodies can be twisted - depending on the version - in layers or shells. "Templates" are used to twist the rotating bodies. Pin-like projections can be reversibly sunk into associated recesses in the rotating bodies, preferably in a stationary version and against spring pressure. On the "outside" the rotating bodies are held by a transparent layer (envelope, shell), which in one embodiment has recesses in the region of the axes of rotation for the purposes of twisting the rotating bodies with the appropriate template. The 3-dimensional version preferably has a substantially spherical shape. The axes of rotation are preferably located relative to each other like the axes extending through the angles of regular polyhedrons. Deviations from this are comparable and are provided as an alternative embodiment. For practical playing use, the rotating bodies are so marked that each of the rotating bodies can only adopt a very specific defined position in the ordered complete combination; by alternating twisting of the rotating bodies about different axes of rotation, this order is destroyed. To rediscover the original arrangement requires a certain intelligence.

Description

In the following patent application a 3-D rotation toys (3-D stands for: "three-dimensional") be wrote that for better understanding in the following text is explained in more detail.

Different models are shown, which in represent their entirety 3-D rotary toys. Ver Different rotating bodies can be off gear position are twisted into another; to the Turning back to the starting position is one under different levels of intelligence required.

For the 3-D turning game described below patent protection is applied for.

Not all possible versions are used individually wrote because the following explanations look very good are leading and according to the present patent report the construction of a comparable 3-D rotary toys a little thing for a subject man is.  

First some, e.g. T. mathematical foundations, the partly on - in the following "calotte part 1" or "Dome version 1" - example shown be tert. Among other things, this "Ka Lottenversion 1 "patent application.

A spherical shell of any size and any Shell thickness (which in extreme cases up to the center is sufficient) is preferably one or more any rotational body (s) penetrated. Preferential wise, but not absolutely necessary in all cases agile, the rotation axes go through the Spherical shell center (other structures instead of spheres shells are conceivable, e.g. B. an ellipsoid of revolution shell structure), (claim).

The largely arbitrarily shaped, but preferably ordered rotational body (s) permeates from any or more Position (s) in space, e.g. B. in the example Dome model 1, a spherical shell.

The arrangements are preferably repeated to determine each axis of rotation or in groups Axes of rotation.

The spherical shell can pass through anywhere be penetrated (claim).

Instead of a ball as a penetrating body are also other structures suitable, which are preferred in this case represent wise rotational body, (claim).

(In an extended version, the penetrated Body also something other than a ball or sphere represent bowl, (claim)).

The place of execution is arbitrary. Several Penetration sites are possible (claim).  

The axis of rotation (s) of the rotating body (s) can if necessary not even by the one to be penetrated Body center go, (claim).

In this example "calotte model 1" ( FIGS. 1, 2), however, it is advantageous if the axis of rotation (s) of this rotating body passes through the center of the body penetrating it.

In the example "calotte model 1", the axis of rotation goes of the rotating body through the center of the ball or spherical shell, (claim).

In the example "calotte model 1" is out of the ball shell now - provided the axis of rotation of the The rotating body passes through the spherical shell means dot, a predominantly dome-shaped structure been cut out.

Now, preferably under the same others geometrical relationships, further axes of rotation added, preferably in a regular arrangement stand together (claim).

Are the calottes so big that they are mutually cut, joint spherical portions arise that then the predominant form of each through represent urgent bodies.

In the case of different rotating bodies, also different penetrating bodies ent stand, which then if necessary. group like, (Claim ).  

• It corresponds to general knowledge and that current state of the art that at penetration of ideal or real bodies urgent bodies arise.
• However, it is not up to date the technology as set out in the following performed way these penetrating bodies suitable technical devices in one sophisticated 3-D rotary toy constructed can be.

In principle, it is irrelevant due to which way this, initially more mathematical, Penetrating bodies arise and which ones, initially more mathematical, shape they have.

Based on the following description, (almost) any penetrating body that the above described requirements is sufficient in a 3-D rotary toys can be developed without in addition special intellectual achievements of a specialist be necessary (claim).

In a special case, it is sufficient if the Rotating bodies penetrate each other and single Lich this penetrating body the essential or exclusive part of the rotating body ask (claim) (see "Ring model 1").  

The "calotte model 1 " is described below with preferably 6 axes of rotation, which are in a regular arrangement with each other (claim), be written.

In this version, rotation is the same size body in a uniform arrangement to each other Formation of the piercing body used (Claim ).

These penetrating bodies then represent the essential part of the externally visible basic structure, ( Fig. ).

If you turn this penetrating body around the respective axes of rotation, so they run for them characteristic trajectories. These trajectories cut themselves characteristic of them Points (this definition is still purely mathematical and is not yet an inventive novelty).

The penetrators will turn along this tracks, so you can at the interfaces to be transferred from one turning path to another.

These turning tracks are technically called guideways trained, (claim).

If necessary, these tracks can also by ge appropriately technically equipped ele take over the holding function for the rotating bodies, (Claim ).  

With an appropriate arrangement of the penetrating rotating bodies and appropriate dimensioning, areas remain that are not penetrated by any of the rotating bodies ( FIGS. 1, 2:
each part 3 ; Fig. 5, 6).

A special task is assigned to these areas shares, which will be explained in more detail below:

With preferably regular arrangement of the axes of rotation to each other (in the "dome model 1" preferably 6 axes of rotation, the number is in principle arbitrary) and passage through the center of the body to be penetrated (in "dome model 1" the center of the spherical shell) these axes of rotation penetrate the spherical shell characteristic locations, ( Fig. 1, 2: each part 3 , Fig. 5, 6).

These locations are not penetrated by the rotating bodies if the rotating bodies are appropriately dimensioned ( FIGS. 1, 2, 5, 6).

In practice, these rest arise body than from the previously described rotations do not impregnate real bodies.

In practice, these real bodies can then represent the "CORE BODIES", (claim), ( Fig. 5, 6).

The following consideration makes it technically possible feasible "reasonable" rotary toys of various Construct shape:

• 1. The (rotation) number of axes is determined and any (but feasible!)
• 2. The axes are preferably on regularly orderly.
• 3. Rotation bodies rotate about this axis, forward preferably under the same conditions. It should a core body from the rotating bodies not be penetrated.
• 4. The result is a residual body that forms the core represents body.
• This core remnant then has a geometric shape regular shape.
• 5. Is the rotational body close to the core body surface orthogonal (= perpendicular) to the axis of rotation, this creates a residual body with flat surfaces.
• In the present example of the "calotte model 1" the corresponding core remnant is among these Requirements for the 12-area regular Polyhedron.
• Conversely, the construction of a ver comparable similar "calotte model" then every known polyhedron as "CORE BODY" ver turn.

This description above serves to explain the scope of the patent application and thus includes the resulting rotating body, (claim) ( Fig. ).

Depending on the shape of the penetrating rotating body these "residual bodies" have different shapes.

These "residual bodies" or parts of these "residual bodies" or on or in or on these "residual bodies" suitable elements are integrated or built in or built in so that these additional residual bodies (FIGS . 5, 6) can be rotated in a fixed position about the same axes of rotation , (Claim) ( Fig. 5, 6, 9, 10, 11, 12, 19, 23).

On or on or in these "additional remnants" ( Fig. 5: detail), guide and / or holding elements are integrated (claim) ( Fig. ).

These guide and / or holding elements can be designed in a known manner T-shaped or L-shaped or according to the tongue and groove principle or in another suitable form (claim) ( Fig. 5, 7, 9, 10, 13 , 14, 21, 22, 23).

These guide and / or holding elements can, for. B. up to be equipped as a maximum large "UMBRELLA", which thereby at the same time a maximum for him holding and if necessary. can also take on management function (claim) ( Fig. 8, 9).

In the "additional remnants" ( Fig. 5) which can now be rotated in a fixed position about the respective axis of rotation, the rotating elements or parts of the rotating elements can run, which then, if necessary. Take over leadership and holding function, (claim) ( Fig. 5, 6, 7, 9, 10, 13, 14, 21, 22, 23).

Thus, in the "core body" ( FIGS. 9, 10, 11, 12, 19, 23) and / or in the "additional remnant body" which can be rotated about its own axis, rotary tracks, which are technically known as guide and / or holding tracks in a known manner (T- or L-shaped or according to the tongue and groove principle or comparable), (claim). The rotating bodies belonging to an axis of rotation are rotated about this axis of rotation in question (cf. an introduction).

This can be done in that the rotating body be attacked manually or that a ge suitable mechanical or manual-mechanical con structure leads to the intervention.

In the "spherical cap version 1", a construction fastened to the stationary rotatable "additional residual body" is preferably used for this purpose ( FIG. 11).

In the practical embodiment, protrusions ( FIG. 11: part Z) are preferably pressed into the recesses provided for this purpose ( FIG. 11: part A ; analogously to this FIG. 15: part m, n) of the rotating body (or vice versa or comparable) , so that in this way the rotating bodies can on the one hand all be rotated uniformly about the relevant axis of rotation, and on the other hand can be centered on the axis of rotation at the same time.

Preferably, this construction contains a spring pressure element ( Fig. 11: Part F) , so that this construction must be pressed in on the one hand, on the other hand returns to the starting position after releasing (claim) ( Fig. 11).

In Fig. 12 the white circle content corresponds to the circle of Fig. 11: same conditions, same claims.

For the construction described below, the range of action of the spring pressure elements with pins ( Fig. 11: Part Z) (or similar, similar) is "taboo", ie this area is preferably omitted in the construction (claim) ( Fig. 11 ).

The rotating bodies are almost complete or at least largely or partially "wrapped up" by a OUTER BALL SHELL, which in the range of the rotatable has stationary "additional residual body" recesses, (Claim ).

This spherical shell ( Fig. 12, 13: each part KS) is preferably completely or largely or partially transparent.

The inside of this spherical shell is smooth and preferably completely or partially form-fitting with the top of the rotating body, so preferably spherical ( Fig. 11, 12: each part DK) .

As a result, it takes over holding functions and / or Management functions, (claim).

The rotating bodies (DKM of Fig. 11, 12) are visible with the transparency of this BALL SHELL, as well as their run along the turning tracks.

These rotary tracks are integrated in the practical version in or on or on the underside of this BALL SHELL ( Fig. 11, 12: part FBa = outer guideway, on the underside of the ball shell) in the known version as a T or L profile or after Tongue and groove principle or in another version, (claim) ( Fig. 11, 12).

Preferably all or some of the rotary bodies have one or more guide if necessary. and / or holding elements integrated ( Fig. 11, 12 in part DK (= rotating body); meaning: parts FEa (= guide element outside, FEi = guide element inside), which are known in accordance with the tongue and groove principle or in the T. - or L-version guide and / or guide the rotating body in the guide (-Holding tracks) (claim) ( Fig. 13, 14: FE guide and holding element).

These guide and / or holding elements ( Fig. 13, 14) are preferably attached to the bottom and top of the respective rotating body ((claim) ( Fig. 13, 14), their central axis preferably runs through the respective turning path and is preferably on directed the center of the whole body (claim).

The "spring pressure locking pin" ( Fig. 11, part Z) are preferably at the same level as the see-through BALL SHELL ( Fig. ).

The recess of the ball socket in the area of the spring pressure locking pin is preferably circular (center point corresponds to the axis of rotation), the recess diameter corresponds to the outside diameter of this spring pressure locking pin, (claim) ( Fig. 11, part Z) .

In this way, the spherical shell (KS) cannot slip.

Another variant of the penetrating body belonging to this is the embodiment referred to below as "RING VERSION 1" or "RING VERSION 1" or "RING MODEL 1" (FIGS . 19, 20). In this case, a ring-shaped body of revolution, in which the axes of rotation preferably pass through the permeated real or theoretical body, penetrates another body.

With preferably regular arrangement of the axes of rotation, common penetration bodies are formed, which are further developed into rotary bodies, preferably as described above (claim) ( Fig. 19, 20).

The shape, dimensioning, number and axial position of the rings is in principle arbitrary, but regularity is preferred (claim) ( Fig. 19, 20).

At the intersection of the axes of rotation, this is preferred. necessary guide and holding element integrated or attached, if necessary. in a known manner according to the tongue and groove principle or in the L- or T-shaped version or otherwise, (claim) ( Fig. 19, 20).

In the following version (dome model 5 ") the dome diameter reaches the maximum size (up to the great circle) ( FIGS. 24, 23, 22, 21; in this case FIGS. 21, 22, 24 in perspective).

The variables described so far remain as well variable here (number of axes, number of rotations trains etc. (see other descriptions)).

The sketches ( Fig. 21 to 24) describe the version with 6 axes of rotation.

Here, in turn, one or more guideway (s) can be assigned to each rotating body corresponding to the respective rotating path, which are technically carried out in the manner already described. The rotating bodies can (preferably only in groups) also hold and guide one another ( FIG. 21, 22, 23).

Fig. 21 to 23 show support options; in this example, part F of FIG. 22 is under part D of FIG. 21), (claim).

The shape of the rotating body can be designed variably the surface is preferably spherical.

On an outer, transparent spherical shell can here preferably be dispensed with.

The rotating bodies preferably consist of Ball shell parts, (claim).

The guide and / or holding elements of the rotating body are, preferably in groups, preferably on the Bottom attached, preferred in other cases wise on the surface or parts of the surface, if necessary also / or laterally.  

Take over the rotating bodies or parts of the rotating bodies Management and / or holding function.

The leadership and / or holding function is preferably carried out by specially provided guide and / or holding elements which can be integrated on, on or in the rotating body or integrated in groups in some of the rotating bodies, on the other hand in or / and on the core body can be ( Fig. 21, 23, part 3 ).

Part A of FIG. 24 corresponds to the externally visible part D of FIG. 21, corresponding to part B of FIG. 24, part E of FIG. 22.

Claims (174)

1. 3-D rotary toy, characterized in that
the overall structure consists of a plurality of rotating bodies which can be rotated relative to one another about axes of rotation,
which in their entirety represent a 3-D structure, and in their individual form have different (or not) different, characteristic forms in groups,
in the individual form, however, have characteristic, preferably uniform forms,
and these rotating bodies run in characteristic paths,
and that the overall structure also includes other characteristic structures,
which enable an orderly rotation of the rotating bodies,
and guide the rotating body
and / or hold. 2. 3-D rotary toy, according to claim 1, characterized in that different versions are possible, but which are preferably constructed according to the same principle,
and that this structure is preferably brought about by the fact that differently shaped rotating bodies, which can be largely arbitrarily shaped in a wide range,
preferably have the same or groups of the same shape,
can be rotated about any number of axes and arrangement,
and these axes of rotation preferably intersect at a certain point,
which then preferably represents the center of the whole body,
and that these bodies of revolution mutually partially or partially cut and
that these common penetrating bodies are modified to the rotating bodies. 3. 3-D rotary toy, according to one of claims 1 to 2, characterized in that in version 1 (calotte model 1, Fig. 1) the externally visible shape of this structure is preferably largely or partially spherical. 4. 3-D rotating toy, according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that some of the individual parts or several or all visible and / or externally initially not visible individual parts of the rotating body or parts thereof. (Example: Fig. 1: Part 1 , Part 2 ; Fig. 2: Part 1 , Part 2 ). 5. 3-D rotating toy, according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that one or more or all of the rotating bodies or parts of the rotating body can represent penetrating bodies and vice versa. (Example: Fig. 1 and 2, part 1 and 2 respectively.) 6. 3-D rotating toy, according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that some or more or all of the rotating body or parts of the rotating body are rotated about axes of rotation ( Fig. 1, 3, 4, 5, 6). 7. 3-D rotary toy, according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that different There are axes of rotation that differ in number and are in relation to each other, basically be sweet, but preferably sorted by location and Number. 8. 3-D rotary toy, according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that when Rotating bodies through penetrating bodies the means points this body in any order in the 3-dimensional space, but preferably ge arranges to each other. 9. 3-D rotary toy, according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the by urgent bodies can have any shape but preferably formed regularly are. These are preferably rotational body, the axes of rotation of these rotating bodies preferably intersect at one point, this The point is then preferably the center of the Whole body and corresponds in the "calotte model 1 "preferably also the center of the spherical shell.   10. 3-D rotary toy, according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that when Rotating bodies through penetrating bodies the radii resp. Diameter of this penetration body in be any size in 3-dimensional space but preferably have ordered dimensions, if necessary be assigned to each other in groups can. Practically, this means that when using ordered axes, shapes and dimensions, centers and radii of the penetrating bodies, which are preferably rotational bodies, preferably (possibly in groups) there are entangled penetrating bodies which are then an elementary component of the rotating body or the 3-D rotary toys are (see. Dome model 1, Fig. 1 and 2, part 1, 2, 3 ). 11. 3-D rotary toy, according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that in the version:
"Dome model 1" are preferably 6 axes of rotation, which are preferably in a regular arrangement to each other ( Fig. 1). 12. 3-D rotary toy, according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that in a further version ("calotte model 2", Fig. 5) with the same axes of rotation different radii and / or different centers (the penetration body ) can be used on the same axes. (Note: In Fig. 3, only the spherical portions of only a single axis of rotation are shown for clarity.) This makes it easier to illustrate by on one axis of rotation or several or all of them several different rotational bodies rotate and thus different penetration Form body, which then to the rotating bodies after the described method are developed. The number of axes of rotation is variable. 13. 3-D rotating toy, according to one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that in a further version ("calotte model 2", see FIG. 3), preferably 6 axes of rotation are used. The axes of rotation are in principle arranged arbitrarily, but preferably in a regular arrangement. 14. 3-D rotary toy, according to one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that in a he further version ("calotte model 3") liche, if necessary only different in groups There are arrangements of the axes of rotation. That is, the axes of rotation of the penetrators rotating body in another way, than the maximum regular, individually or in Groups or completely unregulated to each other can stand. Each axis of rotation can also have one or more Penetrating body forming rotating body be classified.   15. 3-D rotary toy, according to one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that in a further version ("calotte model 4", Fig. 6, 7) individually or in groups of different sizes, rotating bodies lead to differently sized penetrating bodies, which are then developed into the rotating bodies in the manner described above. However, an arrangement that is regular at least in groups is preferred (shown in FIG. 4). The arrangement of the axes of rotation is fundamental here any, but preferably regularly. The number of axes of rotation is also arbitrary. (For a simplified illustration, not all areas of the rotation axis are shown in FIG. 4.) 16. 3-D rotary toy, according to one of claims 1 to 15, characterized in that the through urging body preferably represents a rotating body in principle, but also other forms can point, but in this case preferably are arranged regularly (in this case before preferably z. B. regular positive or negative Polyhedron).   17. 3-D rotary toy, according to one of claims 1 to 16, characterized in that versions 1 to 5 in the spherical caps ( Fig. 1, 2, 3, 4, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 21, 22, 23, 24) the individual rotating body surfaces preferably partially or largely or completely represent spherical surfaces. 18. 3-D rotating toy, according to one of claims 1 to 17, characterized in that the rotating body surfaces of the spherical versions 1 to 5 ( Fig. 1 to 4, 9 to 18, 21 to 24) on the surface z. B. can also be contoured differently for better digital / manual or mechanical attack; in a modified form, the surface can also be flat or any. 19. 3-D rotary toy, according to one of claims 1 to 18, characterized in that the rotating body can in principle be very differently shaped on the underside, but preferably so that they are wholly or partially on a preferably completely or partially smooth bottom surface can slide or roll or can be moved in another way (see FIGS. 9, 10, 11, 12, 15, 16, 17, 18, 21 to 24). 20. 3-D rotary toy, according to one of claims 1 to 19, characterized in that the rotating body preferably part or all of a part correspond to a spherical shell.   21. 3-D rotating toy, according to one of claims 1 to 20, characterized in that the track of the rotating body has a preferably circular path for the respective "calotte" (see. Fig. 1, 2, 3, 4); the same applies in principle to other versions. 22. 3-D rotary toy, according to one of claims 1 to 21, characterized in that other than circular paths are possible in principle, for. B. Elliptical or ellipsoidal orbits and others. 23. 3-D rotary toy, according to one of claims 1 to 22, characterized in that the bottom preferably partially or largely or fully constantly form-fitting to the respective turning path is fit. 24. 3-D rotary toy, according to one of claims 1 to 23, characterized in that the bottom preferably also far in the vicinity of the turning path walking or partially the relevant core body is positively adjusted. 25. 3-D rotating toy, according to one of claims 1 to 24, characterized in that the underside (s) of the rotating body can be completely or partially flat (can) ( Fig. ). 26. 3-D rotary toy, according to one of claims 1 to 25, characterized in that the treads that represent the rotating surfaces, partially or widely can be fully or completely plan and that too associated rotating body in the corresponding barrel are largely or partially or completely sufficient are form-fitting and therefore in these areas partially or largely or completely plan are. 27. 3-D rotary toy, according to one of claims 1 to 26, characterized in that the sub side (s) of the rotating body fully or partially curved can be. 28. 3-D rotary toy, according to one of claims 1 to 27, characterized in that the rotating body bottom (s) of all or part of the bottom surface can correspond to a spherical shell. 29. 3-D rotary toy, according to one of claims 1 to 28, characterized in that the core body in whole or in part or in substantial parts Sphere can represent on or on or in the form-fitting or partially or largely form-fit the rotating body on or rest. 30. 3-D rotary toy, according to one of claims 1 to 29, characterized in that the sides of the Rotating body entirely or partially by rotating body are formed, the An described above requirements and conditions correspond.   31. 3-D rotary toy, according to one of claims 1 to 30, characterized in that the respective penetrating body of an axis can have a lens shape with the same or different curvature and variable depth of penetration; This area also corresponds to the term used here:
Calotte. 32. 3-D rotary toy, according to one of claims 1 to 31, characterized in that the penetration body can in principle be any rotational body, the penetration area also corresponds to the term used here:
Calotte. 33. 3-D rotary toy, according to one of claims 1 to 32, characterized in that the axes of rotation the penetrating rotating body preferably are identical to the rotating body axes of rotation. 34. 3-D rotary toy, according to one of claims 1 to 33, characterized in that the axes of rotation preferably ver by the center of the whole body to run.   35. 3-D rotary toy, according to one of claims 1 to 34, characterized in that the edges of the Rotating body and / or other areas of the rotating body can be shaped so that they are leadership and / or Hold function. 36. 3-D rotary toy, according to one of claims 1 to 35, characterized in that the edges of the Rotary bodies and / or other areas when taking over of guiding and / or holding function as tongue and groove Recess or can be shaped comparable. 37. 3-D rotary toy, according to one of claims 1 bs 36, characterized in that the edges of the Rotary body and / or areas other than T-rail and cutout, if necessary. as a T turntable Leadership and / or holding function be formed can. 38. 3-D rotary toy, according to one of claims 1 to 37, characterized in that the guide tracks are preferably stationary or largely stationary ( Fig. ). 39. 3-D rotary toy, according to one of claims 1 to 38, characterized in that the guide if necessary. also have a holding function, and if necessary. are modified accordingly in a known manner according to the tongue and groove principle or L or T-shaped or otherwise.   40. 3-D rotary toy, according to one of claims 1 to 39, characterized in that some or all or none or all of the guideways wise are stationary. 41. 3-D rotary toy, according to one of claims 1 to 40, characterized in that a core body is formed, the leadership and / or holding functions. 42. 3-D rotary toy according to one of claims 1 to 41, characterized in that the core body preferably has a characteristic shape which is primarily dependent on the penetrating bodies and is preferably to be understood as a residual body, preferably not or partially from the penetrating bodies is not penetrated, but is left over or partially left over (FIGS . 5, 6, 9, 10, 11, 12, 19). 43. 3-D rotary toy, according to one of claims 1 to 42, characterized in that on, at or in this core body ("residual body") guideways be integrated, if necessary. also holding function, e.g. B. in the form of recesses or projections or T-shapes or comparable shapes can. 44. 3-D rotary toy, according to one of claims 1 to 43, characterized in that on, at or in each of these core bodies preferably largely stationary, but by (preferably) one (or if necessary several) axis (s) rotatable body attached are.   45. 3-D rotary toy, according to one of claims 1 to 44, characterized in that this rotatable body (see. Fig. 5, 6, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 19) preferably a holding and / or take on a managerial role. 46. 3-D rotary toy, according to one of claims 1 to 45, characterized in that in this, preferably rotatable about its own axis "rest bodies" guide and / or holding elements are integrated ( Fig. 5, 6, 8th , 9, 10, 11, 12). 47. 3-D rotary toy, according to one of claims 1 to 46, characterized in that some or more of these holding and / or guiding elements can be enlarged like an umbrella, the maximum size is preferably only so large that an adjacent "umbrella "is not hindered ( Fig. 8, 9). 48. 3-D rotary toy, according to one of claims 1 to 47, characterized in that these "screens" ( Fig. 8, 9) can be in different layers / shells. 49. 3-D rotary toy, according to one of claims 1 to 48, characterized in that these "screens" ( Fig. 8, 9) can be grouped in different layers / shells. 50. 3-D rotary toy, according to one of claims 1 to 49, characterized in that these rotatable "residual bodies" can have different, in principle largely any shape (z. B. Fig. 5, 6, 10), but preferably can protrude beyond the level of the rotating body for better manual or other attack ( Fig. 8, 9, 11). 51. 3-D rotary toy, according to one of claims 1 to 50, characterized in that the rotating body on the outside / top of the guide and / or Have holding elements. 52. 3-D rotary toy, according to one of claims 1 to 51, characterized in that the total number the rotating body preferably has a spherical shape Has. 53. 3-D rotary toy, according to one of claims 1 to 52, characterized in that the total number the rotating body, which is preferably spherical Shape results in "being wrapped up" in a preferred fully or largely or partially transparent spherical shell, which is only preferred at the points of the ver remaining "residual body" recesses manual attack or similar to this "rest body ". 54. 3-D rotary toy, according to one of claims 1 to 53, characterized in that the turning tracks can be realized as guideways, and these Guideways, preferably in groups can be assigned to different layers / shells. 55. 3-D rotary toy, according to one of claims 1 to 54, characterized in that the turning tracks, can be realized as guideways, and these then, preferably different groups in groups tracks are assigned.   56. 3-D rotary toy, according to one of claims 1 to 55, characterized in that on, on or in this spherical shell on the inside (bottom) guideways are integrated with guiding and if necessary. Hold function ( Fig. ). 57. 3-D rotary toy, according to one of claims 1 to 57, characterized in that these guideways have characteristic course accordingly the construction and arrangement of the respective rotating elements and axes of rotation. 58. 3-D rotary toy, according to one of claims 1 to 57 characterized in that this spherical shell preferably composed of several parts is, e.g. B. by screwing 2 hemispherical shells. 59. 3-D rotary toy, according to one of claims 1 to 58, characterized in that if necessary. in the area of the “residual body” ( FIGS. 5, 6, 11) the outer spherical shell has cutouts which are preferably circular; the axis of rotation represents the respective central axis. 60. 3-D rotary toy, according to one of claims 1 to 59, characterized in that in this recess area ( Fig. 11) by suitable mechanical action, the individual, arranged around the respective axis of rotation, preferably an additional mechanical turning aid . 61. 3-D rotary toy, according to one of claims 1 to 60, characterized in that these additional Liche mechanical action only in each case applies to the relevant "residual body". That means only z. B. by manual pressure towards the center of the whole body z. B. overcome a spring back pressure and thereby z. B. finger-shaped or lance-shaped or other parts pressed on or on or in the rotating body, so that the rotating body is rotated uniformly with the respective "locking body" about the respective axis of rotation ( Fig. 5, 6, 9, 10, 11). After completing the rotation and releasing the "rest of the body" this construction (eg spring-loaded "pressure poly pin", Fig. 11) springs back to the starting point and does not hinder the rotation of other rotating bodies about other axes. 62. 3-D rotary toy, according to one of claims 1 to 61, characterized in that the rotating elements with and / or with each other in leadership and holding tracks can be attached. 63. 3-D rotary toy, according to one of claims 1 to 62, characterized in that some or more or all of the guide and rotary tracks intersect or cross or touch (z. B. Fig. 1, 2, 3, 4th , 24). 64. 3-D rotary toy, according to one of claims 1 to 63, characterized in that some or several or all or none of the leadership and rotation apart from the management function, also hold function to have.   65. 3-D rotary toy, according to one of claims 1 to 64, characterized in that the calotte size corresponds at most to the respective great circle ( Fig. 21, 22, 23, 24). 66. 3-D rotary toy, according to one of claims 1 to 65, characterized in that rings of different widths and thicknesses intersect as penetration bodies and / or intersect with a sphere or intersect at, on or in a sphere; all or some of the penetrating bodies then represent the respective rotating bodies, which then run in the characteristic paths and are accordingly fixed and adapted ( FIGS. 19, 20). 67. 3-D rotary toy, according to one of claims 1 to 66, characterized in that the shape and number of these rings is in principle arbitrary. The number of axes of rotation is arbitrary, the size of the rings is freely selectable. Several rings per axis of rotation are possible.

• Deviating from the previous dome model, this version is described below as the "ring variant"("ringversion").
• This ring version can correspond externally to a variant of the spherical version under certain conditions, but is preferably to be operated differently.
• In the dome version, one dome area is rotated relative to the other (remaining) overall body.
• Opposite spherical domes, i.e. the areas of the same axis of rotation, i.e. those areas that do not intersect, can be rotated simultaneously with respect to the rest of the body.
• It remains to be seen whether this makes sense.
• In contrast, in the "ring version", preferably (or only the ring areas are rotated relative to the rest of the entire body. This presents the user with different tasks.
• Several rotary axes are possible in the ring version.
• The following are variable:
  the number of rings per axis of rotation,
  the position of the axes of rotation relative to one another,
  the number of axes of rotation,
  different diameter of the rings,
  different width of the rings.

68. 3-D rotary toy, according to one of claims 1 to 67, characterized in that the rotary tracks are realized as guideways and these guideways if necessary. can be assigned to different or identical layers in groups ( FIGS. 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 21, 22, 23). 69. 3-D rotary toy, according to one of claims 1 to 68, characterized in that umbrella-like ver larger holding and / or guiding elements ( Fig. 8, 9) can be assigned to different layers. 70. 3-D rotary toy, according to one of claims 1 to 69, characterized in that these "umbrellas" lie in groups in different layers can.   71. 3-D rotary toy, according to one of claims 1 to 70, characterized in that at the turn body recesses are attached, the Ver correspond to the respective rotation path. 72. 3-D rotary toy, according to one of claims 1 to 71, characterized in that on the core body and / or on the outer spherical shell cracks are attached in the recesses of the Intervene in the rotating body. 73. 3-D rotary toy, according to one of claims 1 to 72, characterized in that combinations are possible, but preferably in groups are the same. That is, a group of rotating bodies become protrusions or the like, another group z. B. Off associated with savings. 74. 3-D rotary toy, according to one of claims 1 to 73, characterized in that these projections or recesses or both if necessary. different Layers (shells) can be assigned. That means z. B. that the top of the rotating body before may have cracks in the recesses on the Engages underside of the outer spherical shell. 75. 3-D rotary toy, according to one of claims 1 to 74, characterized in that the bottom the rotating body can have recesses in the front jumps of the core body can intervene.   76. 3-D rotary toy, according to one of claims 1 to 75, characterized in that the shape of the Basically largely sub-pages (cf. notes) can be any according to the Description. 77. 3-D rotary toy, according to one of claims 1 to 76, characterized in that any combination nations of design are possible. 78. 3-D rotary toy, according to one of claims 1 to 77, characterized in that the projections preferably serve as a guide element, if necessary. but also take on hold function. 79. 3-D rotary toy, according to one of claims 1 to 78, characterized in that the recesses preferably take on management role, if necessary. but also serve as a holding device. 80. 3-D rotary toy, according to one of claims 1 to 79, characterized in that the location of the Guide and stop track is variable accordingly the range of variation of the given turning paths (see introduction). 81. 3-D rotary toy, according to one of claims 1 to 80, characterized in that the turning tracks the orbits of rotating bodies around each Pivot point.   82. 3-D rotary toy, according to one of claims 1 to 81, characterized in that in the "ring variant" ( Fig. 19) the shape, position, depth and width as well as height and number of recesses ( Fig. 19, Part A) can be designed as desired, taking into account the requirements described, ie T- or L-shaped or X-shaped or otherwise. 83. 3-D rotary toy, according to one of claims 1 to 82, characterized in that the shape of the Rotating bodies largely variable in the variable range can be. 84. 3-D rotary toy, according to one of claims 1 to 83, characterized in that the number of In principle, guideways are arbitrary, however before preferably for technical reasons mechanical requirements sufficient and the cost saving - minimum is reduced. 85. 3-D rotary toy, according to one of claims 1 to 84, characterized in that the guide orbits preferably through the center of the rotating body run. 86. 3-D rotary toy, according to one of claims 1 to 85, characterized in that for complicating problem solving opposing stationary body ( Fig. 5, 6) can be rigidly connected, but preferably only for one axis of rotation. 87. 3-D rotary toy, according to one of claims 1 to 86, characterized in that the rotating bodies are assigned to certain axes of rotation in groups ( Fig. 1, 2, 3, 4). 88. 3-D rotary toy, according to one of claims 1 to 87, characterized in that the core body also polyhedra, preferably regular, real ones Can be polyhedra. 89. 3-D rotary toy, according to one of claims 1 to 88, characterized in that rotatable, but preferably otherwise stationary structures are attached to or on or in these core bodies about the respective axis of rotation, the former in particular in the rotating area of the rotary body correspond to the “residual body” described, which is not penetrated by the rotating bodies (cf. FIGS. 5, 6). 90. 3-D rotary toys, characterized in that partially or partially in groups or only partially or in some or all cases more, mutually penetrating rotating body, (preferably with a central intersection of all Axes of rotation (= axes of rotation), this intersection of all axes of rotation preferred point the center of the whole body of the later shoot represents,) which preferably under the same conditions or under the same conditions in groups a real or theoretical spherical body (Intersection of the axes in the center of the body) cut so that common or group common Penetrating bodies arise, the in a modified form be transformed into rotating bodies and then these rotating bodies in characteristic Run tracks and an additional structure is required for guidance and Posture of the rotating body and if necessary. of characteristic remnants of the Rotational bodies have not been penetrated.   This structure represents the requirements for the patent application:
further characterized in that the rotating bodies preferably predominantly have an outer spherical shape and
preferably at characteristic locations of these rotating bodies guide and / or holding elements are introduced, and these rotating bodies are held and if necessary. are guided in characteristic paths
by a preferably transparent outer ball shell
and preferably this spherical shell in characteristic locations
preferably in the area of the recesses which are characteristic of the areas not affected by penetrating bodies. 91. 3-D rotary toy, according to claim 1, characterized in that the spherical shell has recesses at characteristic locations, preferably in such a way that in the region of the axes of rotation about these axes rotatable, but otherwise preferably stationary structures protrude ( Fig. 5, 6th , 11, 12). 92. 3-D rotary toy, according to one of claims 1 to 2, characterized in that elements which protrude at characteristic locations ( FIGS. 5, 6, 11) are preferably attached to the rotating bodies belonging to the respective rotating circle preferably center, on the other hand transmit a supporting or exclusive rotational force during rotations. 93. 3-D rotary toy, according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that it supports the rotation and if necessary. the elements serving for centering (claim 3, FIG. 11) reversibly engage in or on or on the respective rotating bodies for the merely temporary transmission of force. This is preferably implemented by a spring element ( Fig. 11). 94. 3-D rotary toy, according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that in the Rotating bodies for the purpose of (preferably optimal) force Transfer appropriate devices attached are preferably like positive and negative for associated device on the rotatable element ge Listen. Example: B. lancet-like projections engage in corresponding recesses or vice versa. (Example Fig. 11: the parts Z engage in the recesses A , corresponding to Fig. 15 designated m and n .) 95. 3-D rotary toy, according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that recesses are attached to the underside of the spherical shell in accordance with the characteristic rotary tracks or protrusions at characteristic points, which take over the guiding functions. (Example: Fig. 11, 12: FBa = outer guideway.) 96. 3-D rotary toy, according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that projections engage in the recesses ( Fig. 11). 97. 3-D rotary toy, according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the rotating body in essential sections preferably Ball shell parts are. 98. 3-D rotating toy, according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that guide and / or holding elements are attached to the rotating bodies at characteristic locations. (Example:
Fig. 7, 11, 12, 13, 14, 16, 17, 18.) 99. 3-D rotary toy, according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that on the bottom and / or top guide elements are attached ( Fig. 11, 12, 16, 17, 18), the same or different groups Rotary tracks can be assigned to different layers / shells ( Fig. 11, 12). That means that e.g. B. the guide element on the top of the rotating body is assigned a certain characteristic rotating path, one or more further (s) guide element (s) on the bottom or on the edge are one or more other rotating paths ( Fig. 12). 100. Using the following example, the general Synthesis to create a functional 3-D rotary toys are explained. For this form of production patent protection will be requested. As already explained at the beginning, the through the essential basic form of rotation body. The penetrating bodies must then only (preferably regularly) modified to function as a rotating body. The following illustration is largely general kept to be with the possible variations write and involve. Preferably use a polyhedron preferably in a regular arrangement, e.g. B. one regular tetrahedron. This three-dimensional body has 4 equilateral triangles of the same size as body-delimiting surfaces, further 4 corners in an even arrangement and 6 edges in an even arrangement. By definition, this center of the body should now be identical to the center of a larger sphere surrounding the imaginary tetrahedron.

• In practice, real polyhedra can also be used, which then constitute an essential part of the core body.

Starting from the center of the body, through the surfaces lines running in the middle intersect in the Then extend the sphere surface. These lines should then represent the axes of rotation. In this Case the surfaces of the (imaginary or real) Tetrahedron (generally of polyhedron) orthogonal (= perpendicular) to the axis of rotation. In this way, a regular is preferred or regular arrangement of the shoots in groups axes achieved. Core body The tetrahedron (general polyhedron) may represent one real core body. This core body is surrounded by a ball, in front preferably the same centers. The dimensions are first of all to explain the principle of below orderly meaning. Preferably along the tetrahedral faces (generally the polyhedron) now run cutting planes that cut the ball into "spherical domes". The Relations between ball and core are preferred so that there are common calotte cuts is coming. These are then to be modified into rotating bodies. Another idea is using thought construction Rotational bodies that ro animals and have common cutting areas, these then again represent the penetrating bodies, which are then modified into rotating bodies.   First back to the ball as the core body. The bullet is now provided with rotary axes (initially only in imagined form). Now this sphere turns into a sphere surrounding it "packed" bowl. Out of this spherical shell the rotating bodies are created later. This spherical shell is now running along the surface of rotating bodies that rotate around the respective rotate axes, cut into spherical caps (ver comparable to the above-mentioned cutting planes long of the surfaces of the core body (polyhedron)). The calottes are preferably too large structure that they intersect each other and penetrate, because then later these common Penetrating body essentially the rotating body represent (more or less). The domes to be constructed are preferred but so small that the neighboring axes of rotation do not cut, preferably even a Be leave the rich later in the practical Execution still a certain mechanical strength must have. So far, the spherical shell is in several parts cut up, correspondingly more penetrating Spherical caps. These parts or some of these parts should now represent the rotating body and such to be developed further. They are said to be in character realistic paths around the respective axes of rotation be led and have the opportunity of neighboring beard axes of rotation in their area of effect also ver to be turned.   So far, these spherical calotte bodies are missing Possibility of an orderly rotation. Are neighboring domes around the respective rotation axis (initially theoretically) rotated, so describe the spherical shells belonging to the calotte divide circular paths. Cut these panels yourself. Characteristics are created for each partial body Ristic tracks that are the same in groups can. The number of lanes that are uniform in groups is reduced in the respective center of the partial body to a minimum and ideally only 1, d. H. that guideways run in such places should, if necessary. with hold function. More leadership lanes, if necessary with holding function are conceivable and if necessary even necessary (example: marginal Guide and / or holding tracks, e.g. B. after the groove Spring principle or in the T- or L-shaped Version). In the next step, the core ball (ver similar: core body: polyhedron) along the characteristic trajectories brings, e.g. B. as a groove-shaped recess. Corresponding projections then engage in these the undersides of the respective rotating bodies. Conversely, according to the guideways preferably in groups, characteristic Aus savings, into which then protrusions, which are attached to the core body.   There is a possibility that different groups of rotating bodies are present (see "calotte model 1"). In this case it could be appropriate for a Group of rotating bodies of a guide and / or Retaining track is assigned to the core body, and the other group (s) e.g. B. according to the tongue and groove principle e.g. B. is held and led to the edge. These marginal webs then run u. a. before preferably not in the rotating bodies permeated spherical shell remnant, through whose The respective axes of rotation run at the center. These non-penetrated residual bodies are now anchored on the core body so that they can rotate about the respective axis of rotation.

• In the modified form, the core body has a different shape, the position of the rotating tracks corresponds to the same principle.

In the version described so far is principally contain everything needed for manufacture a 3-D rotary toy of this type is sufficient. The following description will be significant Improvement and simplification presented, the ver presumably also a significant cost reduction in the Manufacturing causes: The core body is essentially a ball with the described axes of rotation.   The axes of rotation run in this ball, preferably wise implemented as groove-shaped guideways. The rotating bodies are in these guideways led in groups. If necessary, other rotation body groups also or only after the Spring principle, preferably marginal (to the Body edges). The remaining body (through its center the respective axis of rotation runs) in / on the core body, rotatable about the respective axis of rotation, ver anchored and is therefore stationary. This residual body is now centrifugal extended (details on this later). Now another essential invention: All rotating bodies are "wrapped" in a ball shell, preferably all or part or is largely transparent. This spherical shell preferably has in the area of Remaining body (i.e. in the area of the axes of rotation) Off savings. This transparent spherical shell has the inside recesses preferably in the area of the rotary tracks, which then have the function of guideways. These slideways can only apply to either the same rotating bodies in groups that are already on the bottom have guide members or they may apply to those who don't have any at the bottom Have leadership elements or they can be for everyone (or more) rotating body groups apply.   If necessary, these guideways can also Take over the holding function. The advantage of this design is that actually no separate support structures are more necessary, because the outer, by visible spherical shell should take over this function. Only the management function must be guaranteed stay. In this version, the rotating body however, do not turn, since they are manual remove handle. The only area that is still vacant is, the recesses are in the area of rotation axes. A sufficient manual attack to Rotation is sufficient, appears (theoretically) too reaching. So a construction must have this manual attack For the purpose of rotating the rotating bodies, enable: For this purpose, the residual bodies in the area of the axis of rotation extended to centrifugal. This construction he now enables a rotation of the spherical shell area in the rotation axis area and at the same time a rotation the calotte belonging to this axis of rotation with the corresponding rotating bodies. This will be another major improvement achieved that cone or lanceolate or similar constructions reversible by pressure in let the swivel body sink, this then immediately center in time around the respective axis of rotation (da through it becomes caught and jammed with twist body of the neighboring axes of rotation avoided) and allow a maximum orderly rotation. Before the starting position is preferably by suspension reached again.   The following, likewise simple, can be varied View construction: An outer transparent spherical shell is first not required to obtain in this version the necessary attitude, the attitude should be already be guaranteed in the description above benen form. The management function can be supported by umbrella-like constructions with pegs or Lancets or similar elements are provided, and the (axis of rotation = center of the construction) with these projections in the respective rotation reversible rotating elements (e.g. through a suitable spring construction) can be sunk. The maximum size of this umbrella-shaped con structures is preferably limited by the Size of the same or comparable constructions neighboring turning circles.   Interesting variations arise z. B. at the use of a KUBOOKTAEDER as (theo retic or practical) core body. Through the surface centers and the whole body the axes of rotation run at the center. This polyhedron is surrounded by a sphere. The cutting planes to define the calottes ver run orthogonally to the respective axes of rotation, e.g. B. along the faces of the cubo-octahedron. The calottes intersect, the common through urging bodies are turned into rotating bodies wraps according to the method described above. Vari ations are possible, e.g. B. difference in groups calotte diameters. Similarly, other polyhedra can be used will drive.