DE3531920A1 - Method for combating ectoparasites in goats - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a pouring-on method for combating ectoparasites in goats and to compositions for carrying out this method.

Description

The present invention relates to a method for combating of ectoparasites in goats.

So far, ectoparasite treatment has been used on goats Immerse (dip) or spray (spray) the whole Body surface of the animal performed. These methods however, have a number of disadvantages. You claim relatively much time, cause considerable work and Cost and cause considerable stress for the animals It was also attempted by pouring on of relatively large specimen volumes (usually formulated in oil) to combat ectoparasites in goats achieve.

Attempts have continued to be made to use ectoparasites of goats by enteral or parenteral administration of systemically acting organic phosphorus compounds to fight.  

None of these treatments have had one satisfactory success, especially against ticks and Mites. Made especially with the dip and spray application the risk of contamination of the coat, z. B. from Angora goats adversely noticeable in the later wool quality.

It has been found that ectoparasites are found in goats can fight effectively by pouring them on treated with 0.1-10 ml of an agent containing 2.2- Dimethyl-3- (2,2-dichlorovinyl) -cyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid- α-cyano- (3-phenoxy-4-fluoro) benzyl ester (cyfluthrin), 2,2-dimethyl-3- (2,2-dichlorovinyl) cyclopropan-1- pentafluorobenzyl carboxylate (fenfluthrin), 2,2-dimethyl-3- [2 (p-chlorophenyl) -2-chlorovinyl] -cyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid- α-cyano- (3-phenoxy-4-fluoro) benzyl ester (flumethrin), 2,2-dimethyl-3- (2,2-dichlorovinyl) cyclopropan-1- carboxylic acid-α-cyano-3-phenoxy-benzyl ester (cypermethrin), 2,2-dimethyl-3- (2,2-dibromovinyl) -cyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid- α-cyano-3-phenoxy-benzyl ester (deltamethrin) whose Stereoisomers, enantiomers or mixtures in addition to one or several skin-compatible diluents, if necessary in the presence of emulsifiers and other auxiliaries contains.

Means of this composition stand out above all due to their quick onset and very long lasting Effect out.  

The pouring process is a known method to control ectoparasites in cattle (N. M. Rogoff et al J. Econ (1960) pp. 814-817). The used Means are known as pour-on or spot-on means, whereby the active ingredients mostly in larger volumes and in oil formulated to be infused on the back of cattle. The process is characterized by its ease of use out. However, it could not be expected to be also to combat ectoparasites in goats (especially with Angora goats).

Of particular advantage in the method according to the invention is it that very small volumes of the active ingredients or the appropriate formulations containing active ingredient applied need to be successful in order to be successful. Dependent on the size of the goat to be treated Volumes between 0.1-10 ml (preferably 1-5 ml) of Formulation applied per animal.

Depending on the active ingredient, the formulation contains the active ingredient in a 0.01% to 50% solution is preferred in a 0.1-10% solution. The active ingredient will the goats in an amount of 0.01 mg-500 mg per animal administered depending on the active ingredient. The wording can both long-haired and shorn goats be administered.

As ectoparasites of goats, which with the invention Formulations and the active ingredients mentioned can be mentioned for example.  

Hypoderma aeratum, Hypoderma crossi, Damalinia caprae, Bovicola painei, Damalinla limbata, Linognathus stenopsis, Otobius magnini, Ixodes pilosus, Ixodes rubicundus, Boophilus decoloratus, Hyalomma aegyptium, Rhipicephalus appendiculatus, Rhipicephalus evertsi, Amblyomma hebraeum, Amblyomma variegatum, Sarcoptes scabiei, Psoroptes communis caprae, Demodex caprae.

The agents are produced in a manner known per se by the active ingredient or mixtures of the active ingredients in one or more skin-compatible diluents dissolved or suspended and optionally others Auxiliaries are added.

Suitable diluents are alcohols, such as ethyl alcohol, Isopropyl alcohols, n-butyl alcohol, amyl alcohol, Octanol.

Glycols, such as propylene glycol, 1,3-butylene glycol, ethyl glycol, Dipropylene glycol monomethyl ether.

Aromatic alcohols such as benzyl alcohol.

Carboxylic acid esters, such as. B. ethyl acetate, benzyl benzoate, Butyl acetate, propylene carbonate, lactic acid ethyl ester.

Aliphatic hydrocarbons, oils that are not under the definition of spreading oils fall, such as B. Cottonseed oil, peanut oil, corn kernel oil, olive oil, Castor oil, sesame oil.  

Ketones such as B. acetone and methyl ethyl ketone.

Synth. Mono- and triglycerides with natural fatty acids.

Furthermore, a. Compounds such as dimethyl sulfoxide, Dimethylacetamide, dimethylformamide, N-methylpyrolidone, Dioxane, 2-dimethyl-4-oxymethyl-1,3-dioxalane works well as Suitable diluent.

Lower alcohols with up to 8 carbon atoms are particularly suitable in the molecule, as well as lower ketones such as Methyl ethyl ketone and ether of ethylene glycol and Propylene glycol.

It can be used in the production of the usable according to the invention Means one or more diluents be used.

The following are also suitable as auxiliary substances:
a) adhesion promoter, e.g. B. carboxmethyl cellulose, methyl cellulose and other cellulose and starch derivatives, polyacrylates, alginates, gelatin, gum arabic, polyvinyl pyrrolidone, polyvinyl alcohol, copolymers of methyl vinyl ether and maleic anhydride, polyethylene glycols, paraffins, oils, waxes, hydrogenated castor oil.
Colloidal silica or mixtures of the listed substances. In addition to the active ingredient, solutions and emulsifiers can contain the usual carriers, such as
b) surfactants (contains emulsifiers and wetting agents), e.g. B.
1. anionic, such as sodium lauryl sulfate, fatty alcohol ether sulfates, mono / dialkyl polyglycol ether orthophosphoric acid ester monoethanolamine salt, calcium alkylarylsulfonate,
2. cationic, such as methyl trimethyl ammonium chloride,
3. ampholytic, such as di-Na-N-lauryl: iminodipropionate or lecithin,
4. non-ionogenic, e.g. B. polyoxyethylated castor oil, polyoxyethylated sorbitan monooleate, sorbitan monostearate, glycerol monostearate, polyoxyethylene stearate, alkylphenol polyglycol ether.
c) spreading agents such. B.
Silicone oils of different viscosities
Fatty acid esters such as ethyl stearate, di-n-butyl adipate, lauric acid hexyl ester, dipropylene glycol pelargonate, esters of a branched fatty acid of medium chain length with saturated fatty alcohols C ₁₆ -C ₁₈ , isopropyl myristate, isopropyl palmitate, caprylic / capric acid esters of saturated fatty alcohols ₁₈ of chain length C ₁₂ , Isopropyl stearate, oleic acid oleyl ester, oleic acid decyl ester, ethyl oleate, lactic acid ethyl ester, waxy fatty acid esters such as artificial duckling gland fat, dibutyl phthalate, adipic acid diisopropyl ester, the latter related ester mixtures and others
Triglycerides such as caprylic / capric acid triglyceride, triglyceride mixtures with vegetable fatty acids of chain length C ₈ -C ₁₂ or other specially selected natural fatty acids, partial glyceride mixtures of saturated or unsaturated fatty acids, which may also contain hydroxyl groups, monodiglycerides of C ₈ / C ₁₀ fatty acids and others.
Fatty alcohols such as isotridecyl alcohol, 2-octyldodecanol, cetylstearyl alcohol, oleyl alcohol.
Fatty acids such as B. oleic acid.
The following are particularly suitable spreading oils:
Isopropyl myristate, isopropyl palmitate, caprylic / capric acid esters of saturated fatty alcohols with chain length C ₁₂ -C ₁₈ , wax-like fatty acid esters such as artificial duckling glandular fat.

However, as a means for the process according to the invention also conventional suspension and emulsion concentrates in question, before using water to the desired one Application concentrates are diluted.  

These formulations are prepared in a known manner e.g. B. by mixing the active ingredient with Extenders, that is liquid solvents, if appropriate using surfactants, thus emulsifiers and / or dispersants and / or foaming agents. In case of using Water as an extender can e.g. B. also organic solvents can be used as auxiliary solvents. As Liquid solvents are essentially: Aromatics, such as xylene, toluene, or alkylnaphthalenes, chlorinated aromatics or chlorinated aliphatic Hydrocarbons such as chlorobenzenes, chlorethylenes or Methylene chloride, aliphatic hydrocarbons, such as Cyclohexane or paraffins, e.g. B. petroleum fractions, alcohols, such as butanol or glycol and their ethers and esters, Ketones such as acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, methyl isobutyl ketone or cyclohexanone, strongly polar solvents, such as Dimethylformamide and dimethyl sulfoxide, as well as water: as Emulsifying and / or foaming agents come in Question: e.g. B. nonionic and anionic emulsifiers, such as Polyoxyethylene fatty acid esters, polyoxyethylene fatty alcohol Ethers, e.g. B. alkylaryl polyglycol ethers, alkyl sulfonates, Alkyl sulfates, aryl sulfonates and protein hydrolyzates; as Dispersants come into question: z. B. Lignin sulfite liquor and methyl cellulose.

In the formulations, adhesives such as carboxymethyl cellulose, natural and synthetic powdery, granular or latex-shaped polymers can be used, such as  Gum arabic, polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl acetate, as well natural phospholipids, such as cephalins and lecithins, and synthetic phospholipids. Other additives can mineral and vegetable oils.

Dyes such as inorganic pigments, e.g. B. Iron oxide, titanium oxide, ferrocyan blue and organic Dyes such as alizarin, azo and metal phthalocyanine dyes be included.

Also come as means for the method according to the invention water-containing microemulsions in question. Such contain 0.1-10% active ingredient, 1-30% of a surfactant By means of, optionally 20-70% of a water-miscible Diluent and optionally 0-5% Tools, the rest of which consists of water.

The following may be mentioned as surface-active agents: non-ionic, water-soluble emulsifiers with an HLB (hydrophilic / lipophilic / balance value) greater than 10, e.g. B. W® (Bayer AG), alkylaryl polyglycol ether, emulsifier NP 10® (Bayer AG), alkylaryl polyglycol ether; Renex 678® (Atlas Chemical Industries), polyoxyethylene alkyl aryl ether; Tween 40® (Atlas), polyoxyethylene sorbitan monopalmitate; Myri 53® (Atlas), polyoxyethylene stearate; Atlas G 3707®, polyoxyethylene lauryl ether; Atlas G 3920®, polyoxyethylene oleyl ether; Atlas G 9046 T®, Polyoxyethylene mannitan monolaurate; Emulsifier 1371 B® (Bayer AG), alkyl polyglycol ether; Emulsifier 1736® (Bayer AG), alkyl polyglycol ether (oleyl polyglycol ether);  Emulsifier OX® (Bayer AG), alkyl polyglycol ether (dodecyl polyglycol ether); Ninox BM-2® (Stephan Chemical Co.), ethoxylated nonylphenol; Triton X-100® (Rohm an Haas Co.), Isooctylphenol polyethoxyethanol; Cremophor EL®.

The following may be mentioned as solvents: methanol, ethanol, Propanol, preferably isopropanol, dimethyl sulfoxide, Dimethyl sulfoxide, dimethylformamide, glycerols, ethylene glycol monomethyl ether, Diethyl glycol monomethyl ether (Methoxyethoxyethanol, methyl carbitol), polyethylene glycols, Propylene glycols, polypropylene glycols as well Ketones such as acetone and methyl ethyl ketone.

The agents are made by loosening the or the Active ingredients in an emulsifier or in an emulsifier Solvent mixture with heating, if necessary and by adding the required amount of water under Stir. A special homogenizer is not mandatory.

Those described in DE-OS 32 08 334 are particularly preferred Formulations used. Manufacture and The composition of these formulations may vary can be taken from DE-OS 32 08 334.

Claims (2)

1. A method for combating ectroparasites in goats, characterized in that they are treated in a pour-on process with 0.1-10 ml of an agent which is 2,2-dimethyl-3- (2,2-dichlorovinyl) cyclopropane-1- α-cyano- (3-phenoxy-4-fluoro) benzyl carboxylate (cyfluthrin), 2,2-dimethyl-3- (2,2-dichlorovinyl) cyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid pentafluorobenzyl ester (fenfluthrin), 2,2- Dimethyl-3- [2 (p-chlorophenyl) -2-chlorovinyl] -cyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid-α-cyano- (3-phenoxy-4-fluoro) -benzyl ester (flumethrin), 2,2-dimethyl-3- (2,2-dichlorovinyl) -cyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid-α-cyano-3-phenoxy-benzyl ester (cypermethrin), 2,2-dimethyl-3- (2,2-dibromovinyl) - cyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid-α -cyano-3-phenoxy-benzyl ester (deltamethrin) whose stereoisomers, enantiomers or mixtures in addition to one or more skin-compatible diluents, optionally in the presence of emulsifiers and other auxiliaries. 2. Process for the preparation of a control agent of ectoparasites in goats using the infusion process, characterized in that 0.01-50 parts by weight 2,2-dimethyl-3- (2,2-dichlorovinyl) - cyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid-α-cyano- (3-phenoxy-4- fluoro) benzyl ester (cyfluthrin), 2,2-dimethyl-3- (2,2-dichlorovinyl) -cyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid pentafluorobenzyl ester  (Fenfluthrin), 2,2-dimethyl-3- [2 (p- chlorophenyl) -2-chlorovinyl] -cyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid- 2-cyano- (3-phenoxy-4-fluoro) benzyl ester (flumethrin), 2,2-dimethyl-3- (2,2-dichlorovinyl) cyclopropane 1-carboxylic acid-α-cyano-3-phenoxy-benzyl ester Cypermethrin), 2,2-dimethyl-3- (2,2-dibromovinyl) - α-cyano-3-phenoxy-benzyl cyclopropane-1-carboxylate (Deltamethrin) their stereoisomers, enantiomers or mixtures with that required for 100 parts by weight Amount of one or more skin compatible Diluent and optionally emulsifiers and auxiliaries mixed.