DE3039111A1 - Cattle restraint fitting around animal's head - has pivoted or sliding upper clamping arm raised into open position - Google Patents

Abstract

The cattle restraint has an insertion opening (1) with its side sections (2,7) engaging the animal at either side behind the head and its top section provided by a movable clamping arm (12), which prevents the animals neck being lifted from the insertion opening (1) when it is dropped into the working position. The clamping arm (12) is moved out of the working position by sliding or pivoting it upwards, so that in the normal open position its centre of gravity does not reach the upper dead point. Pref. the clamping arm (12) is curved over at its free end (16) to form the upper part of one of the side sections (7). It pref. extends in a direction which forms an angle with the plane of the insertion opening (1).

Description

Cattle barrier

The invention relates to a cattle barrier according to the preamble of the main claim.

It is the object of the invention to provide a cattle barrier, whose catching organs are designed so that they on the one hand the movement of the head Facilitate the bait towards the bait, on the other hand the caged animal sufficient freedom of movement let, and are also movable in such a way that they allow a simplified lock-in control, in particular a fully automated lock-in remote control, allow.

This task becomes through the characterizing part of the main claim solved as well as by the preferred developments according to the subclaims.

In the following the invention is explained in more detail with reference to drawings; show it Fig. 1 shows the basic shape of the locking opening according to the invention in side view; Fig. 2 is a partial plan view of a modified embodiment of the confinement grid according to the invention with an oblique offset; Fig. 3 is a self-locking, locking device unlockable by the catcher drive; Figures 4a to 4v modified confinement openings with modified principles of movement for the trapping organ; 5 to 11 are block diagrams of various control systems according to the invention; Fig. 12 is a relay diagram of a control device for the barrier according to the invention; 13 is a block diagram of an electronic central control device for the Einperrgittek according to the invention; 14 shows a computer control device for the barrier according to the invention; 15 shows a block diagram of an individual control module for the control of individual drives of the barrier according to the invention; Fig. 16 is a schematic diagram of a common drive control system of the present invention Cage; 17 shows a perspective illustration of a mechanical embodiment the control of the barrier according to the invention; 18 shows a section along the line a-a of Figure 17; 19 and 20 detail views of a further mechanical Embodiment of the control of the barrier according to the invention; Figures 21 to 23 detailed views of a further embodiment for the mechanical control of the Locking grid according to the invention, FIG. 22 being a section along the line shows b-b of Figure 21; 24a to 24d are schematic representations for explanation the operation of a pneumatic control device for the locking grid according to the invention and FIG. 25 is a block diagram of a concentrate control device for the inventive device Cage.

In the figures, the same reference symbols denote the same or corresponding ones Components. Figure 1 shows the basic shape of the Rilinsperrbffnung 1 of the invention Cage. It will be on the right side across the entire height through a Long standpipe 2 embedded in the ground, which at the top becomes a horizontal Holm 4 is bent. A generally S-shaped curved tube 5 is attached to the standpipe 2 welded., It comprises a lower, approximately horizontal section 6, a middle, approximately vertical section 7 and an upper, horizontal or possibly oblique upward section 8.

The tibet courses: are each rounded. Other tubes 9 are used Blocking the room next to the lock-up opening.

The top border and the top of the left side border of the confinement opening 1 by a bolt 10 according to the arrow line A pivotable catch tube 12 is defined. It includes an upper, elongated, horizontal one Part 14, which ends at the dash-dotted line 15 and a vertical one Part 16, which is approximately aligned with the vertical pipe section 7. The transition is again rounded. In the locking position shown in Figure 1, the catch pipe 12 prevented by a stop, not shown, from under its own weight falling down. On the other hand, a lock, not shown, prevents the caged cow lifts the catcher pipe.

A number of containment openings of this type are in series with one another connected to a barrier. The rods 8 and 9 of the respective left side one confinement opening extend to the right of the next confinement opening.

In the open position, the section 14 of the catching tube 12 is almost oriented vertically and the containment opening is wide open. The cow which turns to the bait presented in a trough behind the confinement opening, can lift her head comfortably over the pipe section 8 and then sideways and after lower into the locking opening 1 at the bottom. The inside distance between the standpipe 2 and the pipe section 7 is chosen so that the cow's neck comfortably fits into the opening Finds space, but the head cannot be withdrawn. The vertical distance between the inside of the pipe section 6 and the upper surface of the pipe section 8 is about the help up to two thirds of the clear height of the locking opening 1. On the one hand, these dimensions allow the head to be easily lifted in and placed on the other hand, ensure that the head of the cow is one for the subsequent confinement process occupies a sufficiently defined position. The catching tube 12 is now left underneath its own weight will fall down until it reaches the stop, not shown comes to the plant and with the lock, not shown and to be explained later is locked. Usually the cows are fed bait. The cow lowers therefore their head into the space between the pipe section 7 and the standpipe 2.

Therefore, the catching tube 12 can be brought into its catching position without hindrance be lowered. According to the invention, however, the feeding of bait can also be omitted. The cow keeps her head in a natural upper position. Even. through this the lowering of the catch tube into the locked position is not hindered because the clear height of the confinement opening 1 independent of the height of the pipe section 8 can be chosen to be sufficiently large so that the cow can also be fed without attracting feed the lowering of the catching tube 12 is not hindered. On the other hand, it takes care of the downside curved pipe section 16 ensuring that the containment opening 1 is completely closed will. The cow can now neither pull her head back nor up out of the confinement opening lift out. A loading of the catching tube 12 in one direction perpendicular to the plane of the drawing is caught by the spar 4, as both the rear the bolt 10 located section of the catch tube 12 as well as part of the before Bolt 10 located portion of the catch tube 12 on the spar 4 rests.

The basic form of the confinement opening described can take many different forms Way to be modified. Above was the formation of the confinement opening for described a feeding fence in which all stationary pipes of all containment openings lie in a common plane and in which the catch pipes are each parallel to lie on this level. However, the feeding fence can also be used for a herringbone milking parlor be trained. In this case, for example, the pipe sections 7 are each against the Standpipes 2 arranged offset. When the standpipes 2 are in the plane of the paper, the pipe sections 7 are above the plane of the paper and the pipes 8 and 9 run aslant. In addition, the tubes 8 and 9 are in their left part below the plane of the paper curved so that the animal's shoulder can comfortably fit. With such a Herringbone arrangement, the pipe section 14 of the catching pipe 12 in its front Area curved out of the plane of the paper. Alternatively, the pipe section 14 run parallel to the plane of the paper over its entire length, while the section 16 runs obliquely downwards and forwards. This is preferably: standpipe 2 of this type used that the upper spar 4 is perpendicular or oblique to the through all Standpipes 2 formed main level of the herringbone milking parlor runs. In this Trap also runs the horizontal section 14 of the catch tube 12 or perpendicular obliquely to the main plane and the short perpendicular section 16 either runs obliquely to the left down towards the pipe section 7 or the front part of the pipe section 14 is bent to the left, so that now the pipe section 16 is perpendicular to the bottom can run.

The latter embodiment of the confinement opening is used in the following described, preferred embodiments of the safety gate according to the invention used. This preferred arrangement is therefore shown in plan view in FIG.

The bolt 10 preferably runs in the horizontal direction. he can but also inclined. be, so that the pivot plane of the catch tube 14 is inclined. Such an arrangement can favorably affect the accessibility of the confinement opening 1 from above. The advantages of the horizontally arranged in the locked position Catching tube 12 with a downwardly extending part of the side Limitation of the confinement opening 1 forming section 16 also appear, if the bolt 10 is arranged vertically and the catch tube 12 is therefore in a horizontal position -Plane is rotatable.

The pipe section 16 does not have to be concentric to the closed position Be arranged pipe section 7 or directed towards the end of the pipe section 7 be. Rather, it can also be offset to the left as shown in FIG. Furthermore, it must Do not lead the end of the pipe section 16 to the pipe 18 or to the pipe section 7. Rather, a more or less large distance can be provided. Decisive for the position and length of the pipe section 16 is solely the requirement that the cow does not get her neck out of the confinement opening when the catch tube is closed can move.

The barrier according to the invention can advantageously be used in Modular construction will be produced. Each stand becomes a production unit assigned. This extends according to FIG. 2 from the standpipe 2 and spar 4 to left to the end of tubes 8 and 9. Each individual module unit can be at the factory ready to be assembled. The units obtained can be due to their shape can be easily stacked and transported in a space-saving manner. For final assembly it is only necessary to have inlet openings for to provide the Starid pipes 2 in the ground. The standpipes 2 are then in these inlet openings used. If necessary, the rear end of the spar 4 can be at an opposite one Wall or on another rear standpipe, which is in is not shown in the figures.

Such an arrangement achieves the required stability in the transverse direction. The rods 8 and 9 then extend to the left of the standpipe 2 of the next stand. They are here either individually or Fastened via a common cross tube with one or more pipe clamps or the like. This achieves the required longitudinal stability. The final assembly of the milking parlor is therefore extremely simplified. Milking parlors of any length can be made from any length many units can be put together, e.g. double fours, double fives, double sixes etc. It is only required for the beginning of the milking parlor and for the Provide a transition element at the end of the milking parlor, which the transition to the entrance gate or to the exit gate. The entrance gate is shown in Fig. 2 on the right-hand side, while the exit gate of the milking parlor is open the left side is arranged. Therefore, there is the input-side transition element from a section of the rods 8 and 9, while the output-side transition element from a stand unit with standpipe 2, spar 4, catch pipe 12 and shortened Tubes 8 and 9 consists.

In the following, a preferred lock is to be used with reference to FIG of the catch tube 12 are explained. It is designed as a self-locking device 21 and comprises a 'continuous, extending over all locking openings 1 of the locking grid extending, rotatable but not longitudinally displaceable rod 20. Each containment opening 1 is assigned a transverse rod 22 which is welded to the rod 20 in each case is and thus in a parallel to the catch tube 12 and close to it Catch tube lying level is pivotable.

It carries a downwardly hanging driver bracket 24, an upper one Locking bracket 26 and an eyelet 28 to which a pull rope 30 is attached. Of the Locking bracket 26 acts with a nose 32 in the front area of the section 14 of the catching tube 12 together. In Figure 3, the catch tube 12 is in the locked position shown in it under his own weight on one not shown stop, which prevents a pivoting movement downwards. The center of gravity of the catching tube 12 lies between the bolt 10 and the pipe section 16. Due to the action of gravity on the transverse rod 22, the driver bracket 26 rests on the horizontal section 14 of the catching tube 12, to be precise by a small distance behind the nose 32. The driver bracket 24 is at a clear distance from the pipe section 14. If the pull rope 30 is now pulled upwards according to the arrow line B, then the cross bar 22 is pivoted counterclockwise and the locking bracket 26 is raised over the tip of the nose 32. In the course of the further pivoting movement the driver bracket 24 comes into engagement with the pipe section 14, so that the catch pipe 12 is pivoted upwards. There is a relative displacement between the locking bracket 26 and Na. se 32 in a direction parallel to the longitudinal direction of the pipe section 14 instead. This displacement of the locking bracket 26 is not caused by the nose 32 with special needs. The catch tube 12 can thus be pivoted freely upwards. on the other hand but can not be lifted by the cow from below the catch tube 12, because at a lifting of the catching tube of the locking bracket 26 resting on the catching tube the nose 32 abuts. Essential for this type of self-locking device is the arrangement of the axis of rotation of the rod 20 above and behind the axis of rotation of the bolt 10. Of course, all cross bars 22 can also be attached to separate, rotatable rods 20 be welded so that all catch tubes 12 by separate Pull cables 30 can be operated. A similar self-locking device can also be assigned to the section of the catch tube 12 located behind the bolt 10 be. The axis of rotation of the rod 20 'is, however, below and in front of the The axis of rotation of the bolt 10. The nose 32 is formed at the rear end of the catching tube 12 and protrudes downwards. The crossbar 22 must be in this Fall however against their own weight by one on the one hand on the crossbar, on the other hand The tension spring attached to the catch tube can normally be pulled upwards. The crossbar the self-locking device can also be articulated on the bolt 10. In this Case, however, a separate locking element must be provided, which by the first phase of movement of the crossbar 22 is unlocked.

The formation of the self-locking device with a continuous Rod 20 is particularly suitable for the safety gate training according to Figure 2, while separate self-locking devices with separate rotating bars are required in an embodiment according to FIG.

It goes without saying that there is an individual catching tube for each separate self-locking device also with a herringbone milking parlor an arrangement according to FIG. 2 of great advantage for enabling a further Selective placement, imprisonment and release of the Cows. Fig. 3 shows only one of many possible embodiments of a self-locking device. In particular, spring-loaded or gravity-loaded latches are also possible, which engage in recesses and by pulling through the pull rope 30 are brought into the unlocked position before the catch tube 12 is raised.

Of course, the locking of the catch tubes 12 in the closed position, not done by a self-locking device of the type described so far. Rather, a separate, externally operated locking device can also be provided be, which by an actuating magnet or the like. Selective locked in the and / or unlocked state can be brought. The locking device can usually be found under Spring loading or gravity loading engage in a recess. Shortly before lifting the catch tube 12, however, must by the separate (magnetic, mechanical or similar) actuation device an unlocking can be brought about. However, these locking devices are more complex in terms of structure and operational requirements than the self-sealing device shown in Fig. 3 with the pull-rope operated Self-degreasing function.

In the case of the catch tube locks described so far, the catch tube by a separate locking mechanism against pivoting up into the The opening position is rigidly locked. However, it is also possible to open the Catch tube through the cow and an undesirable escape of the cow from the confinement opening without a separate locking mechanism exclusively through the formation of the To prevent catching pipe. In the following description, reference should be made to FIG be taken. The catch tube 12 shown there is free from the closed position can be swiveled upwards. In particular, the cow can also lift her neck or swivel up the catching tube 12 with the head. In this case, however, the catch tube 12 is fortified of its own weight on the cow's neck.

On the other hand, the cow cannot pull her neck out of the side of the opening move, as this is prevented by the pipe section 16, as long as this only is long enough and not sloping outwards. As soon as the cow tries to get through rapid lowering and subsequent sideways movement of her neck out of the confinement opening to hatch, the catching tube follows the movement of the neck by virtue of its gravity of the animal downwards, so that the locking effect of the catching tube is always maintained. This locking effect is exclusive without any additional locking mechanism by the special shape of the catching tube 12 and by the application of weight (or spring loading) of the same achieved, i.e. by a form-fitting and possibly frictional interaction between the catching pipe and the animal. By the positive interaction and due to the special shape of the catch organ 12 stands in the way of lateral movement of the neck of the pipe section 16, and because of the positive interaction, largely independent of one slightly upward pivoted position of the catching tube'l2. Generalizing it can be determined that such a form-fitting self-locking effect always present when the direction of movement of the neck out of the egg lock opening is limited by a catching organ and if this catching organ is caused by the movement of the Neck of the cow, cannot be moved out of its restricting position can. This positive locking can .by a further embodiment of the Catch tube 12 can be improved, namely in that the tube section 16 in the closed position is not only guided vertically downwards, but in his lower section also inwards. To prevent the cow from doing that provided with a separate locking device catching member 12 by a jerked his neck up and then quickly out of the lock opening escapes, an additional spring biasing of the catching organ 12 can be provided his or a motion damping device of known construction. The above Forms described, positive locking between the catching organ and neck of the cow the ideal case of an elastic lock, which is one of the above described, facing rigid locking. However, there are also transitions between them Both types of locking possible, in which the separate locking member is designed to be elastic.

In the case of the catch organs 12 described so far, there is both the upper limit as well as the lateral boundary formed by a rigid tube. Instead of Rigid tube, however, can also be an elastic chain, rope or the like.

be provided in at least one section. Furthermore, the upper Pipe section 14 does not run horizontally in the closed position. Rather, he can also run vertically in the closed position or curved upwards as a whole be. The latter form is particularly favorable for the form-fitting locking.

As already explained, the catching tube 12 rests in the closed position a not shown stop. This can be used to cushion the shock load a rubber buffer can be provided. Furthermore, a fork-shaped stop can be in the closed position of the catching tube 12 grab the same over the rear end and the falling movement in Decelerate the closing position in the last movement phase.

The locking opening and the catch tube design according to FIGS. 1 to 3 is optimal in several ways. Depending on the position to be explained below of the center of gravity in front of or behind the pivot pin 10, the opening movement takes place and / or closing movement of the catching tube 12 against gravity. In the case of the Fig. 1 to 3 shown embodiment, the focus is in front of the pivot bolt 10, so that the catching tube 12 is brought into the open position against the force of gravity, while it falls into the closed position under its own weight. A special feature This embodiment now consists in the fact that the center of gravity is its lowest position in the closed position and occupies its highest position in the open position. the The rod therefore always falls into the closed position only under its own weight and does not have to be moved into the closed position by external actuation and excessive force. Therefore this type of catching tube opens up the possibility for the first time an automation of the actuation process that is safe for the animal. These automation options should be explained in detail below. In addition, there is a special feature the embodiment according to FIGS. 1 to 3 can be seen in that the torque due to the force of gravity acting in the center of gravity during the closing movement of the catching tube 12 increases. - This - a definite engagement of the self-locking mechanism is favored and the catching tube 12 arrives even after prolonged use and after soiling the linkage is always definitely in its locking position without interference. Another, A significant advantage is that a curved catch tube training according to Fig. 1 to 3 is possible. It must be emphasized, however, that a catch pipe without the angled portion 16 has the aforementioned advantages. Furthermore the storage of the catch pipe is extremely simple and there are no additional guides necessary. The catch tube is stabilized in the closed position and for stabilization only the transverse spar 4 is required, which is for the transverse stabilization anyway of the milking parlor is required.

In addition, the catch tube 12 is extremely simply constructed and comprised only parts that are also required to limit the confinement opening while in addition, practically no further parts are required.

You can choose the center of gravity of the catch tube 12 at will by either the section located behind the pivot pin 10 is extended or weighted down by a weight that is welded on or pushed into the catch tube.

This can significantly reduce the effort required to open it will. This is particularly advantageous for remote actuation of the arrester tube, which will be explained in more detail below.

To illustrate the large number of advantages of the invention Design of the confinement opening and the catching pipe should be the confinement according to the invention and trap tube principle comparing a large number of other trap tube and confinement principles be juxtaposed. In Fig. 4 are tried dene catch pipe and, locking principles including the invention in a simplified representation (e.g. without curved Section 16). The closed position is in each case with solid lines while the open position is shown with dashed lines. The pivot axis is either represented by a point or by a dash-dotted line Line.

The individual versions are consecutive with the letters a to v denotes. All of these containment openings can be arranged in a common plane so that the right and left sides are equivalent.

With this arrangement, there is one for each embodiment shown mirror-image execution. Only the versions marked with an asterisk are degenerate, so that a mirror-image version is not possible.

In all of the embodiments shown, there is only one. movable rod shown. However, in some embodiments there can also be two movable ones Rods are arranged which can be moved symmetrically to one another. With these Embodiments, the letter is deleted.

The locking opening according to FIGS. 1 to 3 is shown schematically in FIG. 4a shown. The upper side of the confinement opening is moved by a Bar formed that can be opened and closed. Figures 4b and 4c show Similar confinement openings, in which the movable rod also against the Gravity is pivotable. The locking bars are designed to be more complicated and the torque decreases in the course of the closing movement. An angled knee section (16) is possible, however. 4d and 4e show locking openings in which the movable rod also forms the upper side of the confinement opening, but now is pivotable in a horizontal plane, i.e. not against gravity. The angled execution according to FIG. 1 is possible. Required for actuation one'jedoch either an actuating device effective in two directions or a tension spring in addition to the actuation device.

In addition, there are none for the self-locking device solutions as elegant as the one shown in FIG. 3.

In addition, the catch pipes and their storage are more expensive.

4f to 4h also show confinement openings in which the upper side is limited by a movable rod. However, this cannot be pivoted stored, but displaceable in the vertical direction or in the horizontal transverse direction or displaceable in the horizontal longitudinal direction. The embodiment according to FIG. 4f shows a number of advantages with regard to the action of gravity the embodiment according to FIG. 4a. There is also an angled section 16 possible. However, all of the embodiments of Figures 4f through 4h require a larger one Effort in terms of management and storage.

In the case of the embodiments described so far, the one is movable Rod always assigned to the upper side of the locking opening. Figures 4i to 41 show confinement openings in which a lateral limiting rod is movable, namely according to FIGS. 4i and 4i to an upper or lower (or in the transition state also central) horizontal pivot axis pivotable or according to FIG. 4k in the longitudinal direction on and from slidable or horizontally swiveled away or slidable. In in cases 4k and 41, the movable rod can also only cover an upper part of the lateral Form limit.

In the embodiments of the confinement opening described so far is always only one side of the same formed by a movable rod. The fig 4m to 4p show embodiments in which both a lateral boundary as also an upper limit are movable and in the form of a one-piece rod can be pivoted in the open position, namely according to FIGS. 4m, 4n and 4p in the plane of the confinement opening and out of this plane according to FIG. 40 (after rear).

The containment openings described so far are all of the open-close type in which the all-round limitation of the lock-in opening is blown in the open state and the cow can lift her head into the confinement opening. Figures 4q to 4v show containment openings of the expansion-contraction type where the cow has her Must insert head into the expanded confinement opening.

Of course, only part of the upper limit can be used in each case and / or the lateral delimitation be designed to be movable.

In the case of the containment openings described so far, all sides are inclusive the upper side limited by limiting elements. However, one can also use confinement openings where only two side limits are provided and the upper one Limitation is missing. These containment openings can easily be seen from the containment openings according to Fig. 4 can be developed. It is of particular advantage to use one of the long, vertical boundaries to be provided stationary and in one piece, while the other consists of two separate parts, the lower of which is arranged in a stationary manner and the upper is movable.

Between the case of a confinement opening with no upper limit and the case of a confinement opening with an upper limit engaging the cow's neck A large number of transitional cases are conceivable in which the upper limit is indeed is present, but is so high that it can not be reached by the cow can be. This is particularly favorable for the formation of a form-fitting, Self-locking function that cannot be opened by the cow (without a separate locking mechanism smus).

It can be seen that the above-mentioned optimal combination of features of the Lock-in opening and catch tube arrangement only with the construction principle according to Fig. 4a can be achieved, while all other design principles are one or have some other disadvantage. As mentioned earlier, all containment openings, no matter what construction principle, be arranged in an inclined position, like this is required in a herringbone parlor. The direction of movement either run in the confinement plane defined above or in a plane perpendicular thereto Level or also parallel to the main level, which is spanned by the standpipes 2 becomes, i.e. in the shear direction to this main plane.

The focus is on the embodiments described so far of the catching pipe (in the closed position) always above the locking opening, i.e. in the event of a pivotable catching tube on the side of the locking opening facing the Pivot bolt. He falls automatically into the locking position, so that the Locking mechanism can be simplified. A similar simplification of the Actuating and locking mechanism is also achieved when the center of gravity in the case of a hinged catching tube on the one facing away from the locking opening Side of the articulation point.

As already indicated, the construction principle of the confinement opening is suitable and the catch tube according to FIGS.

1 to 3 excellent for automating the milking parlor control Combination with actuators, telecontrol devices, logic circuits and Sensors. The actuators only have to work in one direction (stroke direction) works. Similar but less advantageous in one way or another Automations are also, for example, in the construction principles of FIGS. 4b to 4 possible.

Before the circuit details of the automatic according to the invention Control devices are explained, the milking parlor control is to be explained in the following be subjected to a fundamental analysis. In principle, one differentiates between a milking parlor, the control of the place instruction, the locking of the cows and the discharge of the cows.

The briefing should ensure that always the The furthest, still unoccupied space is occupied by the next cow and that not for example, the first cow already takes first place and blocks the entire milking parlor. at In the simplest case of instruction, all lock-in openings remain Opening of the entrance gate closed. All cows entering the milking parlor Access to the bait is blocked. After all cows completely or partially have penetrated the milking parlor, all of the containment openings are opened simultaneously opened so that the cows can now get to the bait and their final Take up milking position. This simplest seat instruction principle is particularly suitable for short milking parlors with only a few stands. Takes place in narrow milking parlors when the locking openings are closed, there is only room for some of the cows in the milking parlor, so that for the cows that are still outside there is a more extensive place control is required. This is done by successively opening the gate openings. This successive release can follow a rigid program. This can can be started by external triggering by the milker or by self-triggering by the first or a following cow or by one coupled to the entrance gate Time control device. The training systems described so far can be used as 11 externally managed "place instruction systems" are designated.

However, milking parlors with self-guided instructions are more advantageous, when by actuating a sensor each of the locking grids for one or several subsequent cows are opened. Such milking parlors are animal behavior better adapted. There are, however, at least for some of the stands, Sensors required. These must be attached in such a place, that they can only be operated when the assigned cow has a predetermined, has taken a well-defined position, e.g. the final eating position. In the simplest Trap, each cow releases the locking opening for the following cow the end. Transitional forms are obtained by the fact that individual Cows clearing the confinement openings for a subsequent group of Trigger cows so that, for example, the first cow is released by actuating a sensor the places two and three triggers, while the third cow by actuating one Sensor triggers the release of places four and five, so that only every second place must be provided with a sensor. In a preferred embodiment of the place instruction becomes the rearmost lock-in opening before or with the opening of the entrance gate opened, so that the bait is easily recognizable for the cow is. This promotes smooth operation of the milking parlor. That one provided sensor can now according to the different, described place instruction systems the common opening of the following places, the rigid, successive opening of all subsequent places or only of the one following place or a group trigger from the following places.

The briefing does not have to be done by actuating the catching organs. It can also be activated by actuating separate lock-in openings which are open per se blocking locking organs are effected. These locking organs can be in the form of hinged Doors or pivotable arms or the like. Be provided. The blocking organs or Doors can be hinged to one of the side boundaries of the lock-in opening be or any other stationary component of the confinement gate, and they can in particular in the form of pivotable, lateral boundaries instead the tubes 8, 9 may be provided.

In the case of the cows being locked up, a distinction is made between the lock up of the cows and self-directed incarceration.

In the simplest foreign confinement, all confinement openings are after all places have been occupied simultaneously by external triggering (push of a button through Milker or the like.) Closed. This trapping of others can also be done with locking the front door. be coupled. Alternatively, the individual catch pipes can also are gradually brought into the closed position, again after a rigid, preset program. This program can be preset with a time Delay relative to the opening of the entrance gate or to the actuation of a sensor of the first place or a subsequent place or the last place will. In a milking parlor with rigidly guided place instructions and rigidly guided Imprisonment creates a place instruction impulse in the direction of the exit side End to the input end, followed by a lock-in pulse, which is propagates in the same direction.

In self-directed incarceration, the incarceration procedures triggered individually or in groups by animal-operated sensors. In the simplest In this case, places one to N can be blocked by pressing the sensor on Place N are triggered. In the other extreme case, the square can be blocked n (n = 1, 2, ... N) can be triggered by the sensor at position n. Between these In both extreme cases, a wide variety of transitions are conceivable, e.g. the effect of the Sensor at place n to the blocking of a previous group of places.

This makes a particularly simple case from the latter group of cases get that the sensor of the place n the Imprisonment of the next one behind Tiers at place n - 1 triggers. This principle can be coupled with the release the release of the next front space n + 1. In a further preferred milking parlor control the sensor at place n releases the lockup at place n and the release of the place n + 1 off. With the selected numbering, the first place is adjacent to the exit arranged., while the place N is arranged adjacent to the entrance.

Furthermore, in the case of a milking parlor with lock-up, discharge can also be used of the animals can be controlled after the milking process has ended. In the simplest case comes a joint discharge for all places in question. This can be triggered, for example are by the milker or by a trigger on the last milking cluster and in particular also coupled with the opening of the exit door. But there is also a successive one External dismissal in question. If, for example, the milking process has ended at place n, then now all or a front subgroup of the cows in places one to n have been released if the milking process has already ended with them. For longer Milking parlors can thereby encourage the cows to run out of the milking parlor, so that there are no jams and the milking parlor is cleared as quickly as possible and can be prepared for the subsequent milking process. This successively External discharge can in turn be triggered by sensors on the milking clusters. Of course, the dismissal can also be done after a rigid, successive one Run the program, triggered after the milking process has ended for the cow with the longest Milking time.

As already. indicated, the control of the confinement openings or the catch pipes also with the control of the input pipe and the output gate are interconnected. The control of the entrance gate E and the exit gate A can in turn be designed as an external control, with the sequence EZU "AAUF 3 EZU-Azu EAUF-AZU> Ezu-Azu. However, it can also be a self-guided control of the entrance gate and the exit gate, which are included in the control of the The catch tubes are integrated, in the following the actuators for the catch tubes to be discribed. In the embodiments according to FIGS. 3 to 3, there is a lifting device required, which only has to act in one direction. Is particularly advantageous a lifting magnet, which is either a direct current magnet or an alternating current magnet can be executed. The development of the lifting force can be seen in the course of the lifting movement adapted to the change in the load in the course of the pivoting movement of the catching tube will. As long as the solenoid is energized, the catch tube remains in its upper one Opening position. When the solenoid is de-energized, it falls into its closed position return. It is advantageous here to make the catch tube particularly light, namely either by choice of material (light metal or the like) and / or by relocation of the center of gravity in the vicinity of the pivot bolt 10. The point of application of the pull rope 30 can be selected according to the most favorable lifting height of the lifting magnet. Alternatively, the catch tubes can also be actuated pneumatically, namely with the help of the compressed air source, which is already available on a milking parlor stands. An electropneumatic actuation device can also be advantageous, in the A solenoid-operated reversing valve for each pneumatic cylinder assigned. The latter actuator can be controlled in the same way become like a hug magnet. Of course there is also a hydraulic or electrohydraulic one Actuation in question or an actuation with one equipped with limit switches Electric motor or a stepper motor.

In general, single-acting or double-acting actuators can be used use. Single-acting actuating devices are always advantageous if, for example, in various embodiments of Fig. 4, the containment opening is below Gravity. arrives in the closed position or in the open position, wherein additional variations by attaching weights in the sense of a shift in the center of gravity are possible, whereby a moving under gravity into the closed position Catch organ now under the influence of the weight shifting the center of gravity in its behavior 'vice versa and moves into the open position under the action of gravity. To the Place of gravity can when using single-acting drive elements tension springs also step. The tension spring can be provided in the drive element itself or at the safety gate. The single acting drive elements can pull or act oppressive.

The pneumatic actuators can with overpressure and / or Be operated under pressure.

Separate drive elements can be assigned to the individual confinement openings e.g. separate pull magnets, pneumatic cylinders, hydraulic cylinders or electric motors. A special case are those driven by the animal itself Lock-in openings, which are also known as self-locking grids. Cage of this type are shown schematically in Figures 4n and 4t shown. This class of drives also includes catching organs, which after unlocking can be opened by the animal. Of course, the inventive Control systems can also be used in the case of confinement bars with such trapping organs.

Instead of the individual drive elements, one can also use all of the lock-in openings assigned, common drive are provided. In doing so, however, the individual Lock-in openings drive energy storage elements are assigned. these can Store potential mechanical energy (springs, weights, pressure chambers or the like).

As already mentioned, signal transmitters can be used at the individual stands be assigned which by the individual cows when occupying the stand to be triggered.

These signal transmitters must be arranged in such a way that they do not pass through passing cows are triggered, but only in the case of adopting a caged position triggered by the respective cow. You can have different body parts be assigned to the cow in different areas of the head, neck, the shoulder and the side of the cow or the like. In general, both touch switches come as well as contactless switches. With the group of touch switches can in particular be a mechanical release in the form of a pivotable or displaceable one Release lever may be provided. This can interact with a mechanical switch or by a magnet attached to it with a reed switch or the like. Mechanical switches that interact with the release lever are in particular Limit switch or push button switch or the like. In question.

As non-contact switches, photoelectric barriers come with a light source and a photosensitive member (photosensitive resistor, photosensitive Transistor or thyristor or the like.) In question. There are also inductive limit switches in question or inductive proximity switches. Capacitive proximity switches are particularly preferred. The signal transmitter can in particular be in the lock-up opening or behind the lock-up opening and in particular also be arranged on or in the feeding trough.

The place instruction function and the lock-in function can be separate Sensors or feelers can be assigned, which are arranged at different positions could be. However, the same sensor or can also be used for both functions Sensors are used.

The sensors or feelers that can be operated by the animals can either be effective for a short time or be effective as long as that respective animal is locked in the confinement opening. For both types of signal heads concrete examples are given below. The signal generator of the first type only delivers when the animal is locked in for the first time brief signal. This can be done in practice, for example, by using a magnet moves past reed switches or, in the case of pneumatic switches, at the first Actuation a cam leads past the release rod, so that this after a short time Actuation returns to the starting position. With electrical switches you can Elements can be provided which respond to a specific signal edge, or but differentiators that generate a needle impulse on a leading edge, connected to a monostable multivibrator. Often you get a simpler one Control by making the sensors or feelers so that they by the caged animal can be kept in an effective state.

As long as the animal is locked up, the sensor or feeler inputs Continuous signal. The feeler or sensor can be designed so that the signal is ended as soon as the animal leaves the place after the milking process has ended. at A separate lock can be provided for both sensor or sensor principles be which the sensor or feeler after actuation by the animal in the actuation position locked. This locking device can be unlocked by a separate signal as soon as the animal leaves the milking parlor. In addition to the above in detail The electrical sensors or probes mentioned above also include purely mechanical sensors or sensors in question or pneumatic sensors or magnetic sensors.

The signal can be transmitted by mechanical means (cables, rods or the like.) or pneumatically (overpressure and / or underpressure), hydraulically or also wirelessly by acoustic or electromagnetic waves, whereby also Light guides come into question. Control systems with mixed signal transmission are preferred (mechanical-electrical; electrical-pneumatic; mechanical - electrical -.

pneumatic; mechanical-pneumatic). Relays are used as actuators in question, namely magnetic relays or reed relays, eb ctromagnetic relays, Power transistors, thyristors, triacs or mechanically operated electrical switches. When using full or partial pneumatic control systems Usual pneumatic valves that can be mechanically operated or used electric or pneumatic. Pneumatic control lines or actuator actuation are particularly advantageous when the control function with the control of the milking cluster should be paired.

Below are specific embodiments of the invention Control system, namely electrical type, mechanical type controls or pneumatic type or mixed control systems. Before these specific embodiments should be explained, the control system will first be explained in the following, however, in principle shown.

Fig. 5 shows a block diagram of the typical case of a central control with separate drive units .. The drive units H1 to HN are through separate energy transmission paths (electrical, mechanical, pneumatic, hydraulic or mixed) connected to the central control system, which has a power supply part P, a driver part Tr and a central control unit ZSt.

Sensors S1 to SN are assigned to the individual stands; Which through signal transmission paths (mechanical, electrical, pneumatic, hydraulic, wireless, acoustic or electromagnetic) connected to the central control unit are. In Fig. 5 is an electrical configuration of the control system with a ground line shown. With pneumatic control, pipes take the place of electrical ones Lines and instead of the ground line can each have an outlet pipe into the atmosphere flow out. In the case of hydraulic controls, each drive element H1 to HN is a separate one Return line assigned. An embodiment for this central control system is shown in FIG.

Fig. 6 shows a modified central control system in which again separate drive organs are provided and in which, however, the individual drive organs Single driver systems Tr1 to TrN are assigned. These are each connected in series to the drive element and the individual series connections are parallel to one another between a common energy transmission path and a ground line or return line or the like. The central control unit ZSt in turn receives the signals from the sensors 81 to SN and generates the respective actuation state in accordance with an internal logic system of the milking parlor corresponding actuation signals, which via separate signal paths the driver organs Tr1 to TrN are supplied. Embodiments of an electrical or electronically operating central control logic for this control system are in Figures 12-14 shown.

The control signals are electrically transmitted to the driver organs fed. The latter can be electrically operated, pneumatic, hydraulic or electric valves act, depending on whether-the drive energy electrical, pneumatic or hydraulic type. The control signals can also be mechanical Interlocking and unlocking devices act if the drive is mechanical or partly done mechanically.

According to FIG. 6, the driver element Tr1 to TrN is only on one side of the drive member H1 to HN arranged. However, it can be on the other hand as well be arranged or on both sides. The latter case occurs regularly with pneumatic and hydraulic controls, since both the inflow and the outflow of the Strörnungsme.-medium or pressure medium must be controlled. It can shut-off valves or directional valves are used, e.g. two / two-way valves, which are in one position block the flow and open the flow in the other, or three / two-way valves, which vent in the zero position with a single-acting actuator and depending on Allow working position to reverse direction. Come for double acting cylinders four / two-way valves or four / three-way valves are also possible. The average specialist can readily use these valves depending on the requirements of the control system chosen select.

In the case of double-acting actuators, drivers are generally used to reverse the direction necessary.

In the case of wireless control signal transmission, the driver organs are Tr1 to TrN also designed as receivers. In this case, the separate driver signal lines are not required. But it can also be a ripple control system can be used, which has the structure shown in FIG. 6, but without separate signal lines for controlling the driver organs. The control signals arrive via the main power line to the driving organs. Each driver organ with a receiver can have a separate one Reception frequency can be assigned. On the other hand, the central control system generates in usual wia. Frequency impu7.Re with verchiodenon Prelauenz.on. Udgee Frequency pulses . Are from the recipients of the driver organs through known coupling elements from the Load lines filtered. Ripple control systems are known in large numbers and devices for this purpose are commercially available.

Fig. 16 shows a mixed mechanical, electrical embodiment of the control system according to FIG. 6, but with a common drive and energy storage devices in the form of feathers.

In the embodiments described so far, the sensor signals fed to the central control unit via separate signal lines. In the embodiment According to FIG. 7, each sensor controls the associated success organs directly. For example, the sensor S1 drives the drive H1 via the driver element Trl and a control unit St1 in the sense of animal confinement, while on the other hand it has a separate line the drive H2 via the driver element Tr2 and a separate control unit St2 im Controls the sense of a space release. The last sensor SN controls only the one assigned to it Drive EN in the sense of a, imprisonment at. The central control unit serves for the common Activation of all individual control units St1 to StN for the purpose of common opening of all containment openings (release of the animals) or for the purpose of locking the locking openings (rest position or AG aisle position of the milking parlor). This Control system can be implemented with the relay circuit shown in FIG. One however, particularly advantageous electronic control of this type is shown in FIG shown.

A mechanical embodiment of this system is shown in Figs. 17 and 18 shown. The seat assignment function is implemented, however not the single lock-in function. The signal line from sensor S1 to the assigned one Control unit St1 etc. are therefore omitted in each case. Further falls in this case those leading from the central control unit to the individual containment openings Signal transmission path together with the actuation energy transmission path. Another, purely mechanical embodiment of this control system is shown in Figs. Again, everyone is locked up together Animal provided by a central control, so that the signal transmission e.g. from Sensor SI to control unit StI 'is omitted.

In addition, shows this embodiment explained in more detail below the case of a common drive element for all confinement openings and energy storage with the help of springs, which are used to instruct the driver. Another one, Purely mechanical exemplary embodiment, but with self-locking function, is in Figs. 21-23 are shown. Again, a common drive is provided, however, the energy is stored by means of weights.

The control systems described so far include all of them Driver organs in parallel to each other (in series with the parallel to each other switched drive mechanisms). However, the driver organs can also be connected in series. Fig. 8 shows such a control system.

Additional driver elements t1 to tN are in the main drive line or energy supply line for the individual drives H1 to HN, and in each case at a point which is in the direction of energy flow behind the point of attachment of the single drive. That Driver organ t1 is, for example, directly behind the branch point for the drive unit. Hi. Furthermore, they are again already described, parallel-connected driver elements Trl to TrN are provided. Each Stand location is in turn assigned a sensor S1 to SN, whose signal is directly one Control unit St1 to StN is fed. This controls the two assigned Driver circuits t1, Tr1, etc. on. The driver organs Trl to TrN are used for self-imprisonment, triggered by the sensor, while the driver organs t1 to tN are used to instruct the driver. The driver elements Tr1 to TrN can in turn be on the other side of the drive element H1 to HN be arranged or on both sides of the same. The driver organs t1 to tN can also be arranged in front of the connection point of the drive. For the joint release of the animals and to restore the starting position a central control unit ZSt is provided, which via a common control line controls all control units St1 to StN. In the control system according to FIG. 8, the central control unit according to FIG. 6 can naturally also be provided, see above that the sensor signals are given directly to the central control unit and processed there are, while the actuation signals either directly to the driver elements Tr1, t1 etc. or via individual control units St1 etc. Special exemplary embodiments this control system is explained below.

Fig. 9 shows a control system in which the driver circuits exclusively are connected in series, namely once the driver circuits t1 to tN and further driver circuits 1 to ZN. The driver organs t1 to 1N are used to give instructions, while the driver organs Z1 to tN are used for self-imprisonment. Otherwise apply for the control systems according to FIGS. 8 and 9 corresponding to the embodiments which for the control systems according to Figures 5 to 7 were made.

In the control systems of FIGS. 8 and 9, common control takes place for the purpose of dismissal or restoration of the starting position a central control unit via a separate, shared control line. As already explained in detail, the control signals can also be transmitted via the main power line are fed. Another possibility of modification arises from the fact that one provides a separate line which is used to guide the drive energy. Such control systems are shown in FIGS. It is a matter of modifications of the control systems according to FIGS. 8 and 9. The drive elements H1, H2, ... HN on one side or the other with an additional, common, energy-carrying line.

However, this leads the energy only in one direction, namely due to by organs blocking the power line in the other direction (e.g. check valves, Power diodes, controllable diodes or the like.) Dl to du 1. Furthermore, this is additional energy supply line controlled by the central control unit ZSt, separate driver unit Tr provided. The control systems according to FIGS. 8 to 11 are ideally suited for pneumatic controls. An exemplary embodiment a pneumatic control belonging to the control system according to FIG. 8 shown in FIG. Further, specific exemplary embodiments are explained below.

For the control systems of FIGS. 10 and 11, these already apply the explanations and explanations given to the systems of FIGS. 5 to 7, analogously.

There are numerous changes to the control systems of Figures 5-11 possible. For example, in the control system of FIG. 8, the driver elements t1 to tN are also in the other main power line, again between the Connections of two drive organs and in turn either in association with the one or another drive element in front of or behind the same. This can also include the connection of the power supply part P with the ground connection of the drive element H1 eliminated will. Likewise, the series connections of driver organs tl to tN or Z 1 to <N in each case before or after the attachment points of the assigned Drive organs lie (Figure 9). Furthermore, additional driver organs can be used in this system in the parallel lines of the drive elements, in front of and / or behind them lie. The same modifications are also made in the control systems of FIG and 11 possible.

So far, the control systems with regard to separate drive devices explained. However, they can also be used for control in the case of a shared drive be used. In this case, switching elements occur instead of the drive elements H1 to HN and / or coupling elements for the transmission or storage of operating energy. The central control systems of Figures 5 and 6 are readily applicable to all of the above Control method of a milking parlor applicable, switchable or programmable. That However, the same also applies to the control systems of FIGS. 7 to 11. Here are only minor modifications required. When everyone is locked up together Animals e.g. the connection line between S1 and Stl (Figure 7) is eliminated. When locking up the next animal behind and opening the next front space In the control system of FIG. 7, only the signal from sensor S2 has to be used instead of St2 now led to the control unit 5t1 will. Further modifications the embodiment according to Figure 7 are those of ordinary skill in the art with the above Explanations are easily possible. In the control systems of FIGS. 8 to 11 Modifications of the seat assignment function are possible, e.g. by having a Part of the series-connected driver circuits tl to tN omits, e.g. each second driver organ. Furthermore, the signal, e.g. of the sensor S2 instead of to the control unit St2 to the control unit Stl to thereby self-lock convert it into a cage for the next animal behind, etc., etc. If one in the embodiment of FIG. 9, the driver element r n of a control module n the other side (on the right side) of the connecting point of the drive organ Hn arranges and omits the driver element Tr 1, for example by the sensor S2 the opening of the stand area S3 and at the same time the lock in the stand area S1 controlled.

The following are specific embodiments of the invention Control systems are explained. The logic systems used are mostly about sequential control systems. You can do the entire logic circuit with Build relay. This circuit structure is particularly useful in smaller milking parlors preferred. The control of the successive release of space or the successive imprisonment or the successive discharge is preferably carried out with a time relay or sequence relay (Programmer).

It is on a shaft driven by a synchronous motor or Drum provided a plurality of individually adjustable pairs of contacts. By correct setting of the position of the contacts and by choosing the rotation speed of the synchronous motor, the timing of the switching processes can be freely selected and adapted to the most unfavorable behavior of the cows in the milking parlor. With a With such a device, a milking parlor can be controlled in the simplest possible way. It it should be mentioned that the temporal behavior of such a programmer also can be mechanically simulated, namely by a rotatable rod, which extends over all stands and release pins for each stand has, which are each offset from one another in a circumferential direction. These Trigger pins can be used on locking devices in the event of a briefing have an unlocking effect (particularly advantageous for catch tubes whose center of gravity behind the pivot pin).

Relay circuits are required for all other control systems. In the following, various relay controls will be explained, specifically for the catch pipes in combination with the entrance gate and the exit gate. It will be there assumed that the exit gate and the entrance gate are each designed as sliding gates and run in guide rails inclined to the horizontal and thus under Get into the closing position due to the force of gravity. This is particularly favorable because the animals are not injured by this. They are therefore by, drawbars, similar to the solenoid, each pulled in the opening direction and held there and they roll automatically into the when the pulling device is de-energized or switched off Closed position back.

The following is a relay control for a herringbone milking parlor with sensor-controlled, successive seat instruction and self-locking function as well with joint release of the animals and for the entrance gate and exit gate based on of Fig.12 will be explained. Each confinement opening is a separate individual drive Assigned to H1 to HN.

An actuating relay R1 to RN is assigned to each individual drive. Each relay is designed as a holding relay.

In the excitation circuit of the first relay R1 is a start button switch ST intended. It is bridged by the self-holding contact ri. Similar self-holding contacts r2 to rN are also provided for the other holding relays. Furthermore, each has of relays R1 to RN have a normally open contact r1 to rN in the excitation circuit the associated drive device H1 to HN. Furthermore lie in the excitation circuits of relays R2 to RN normally open contacts r1 Es rN-l of relays R1 to RN 1. In the excitation circuit of the input gate ET there is also a normally open one Contact r1 of the first relay R1. An additional relay RN + 1 is also provided, ' which is designed as a holding relay and are excited by a pushbutton switch SN can. This relay RN + 1 has a normally closed contact rN + 1 in the excitation circuit of the entrance gate and in the excitation circuit of the drive HN.

In the excitation circuit of the drives H1 to HN-1 is also located a normally closed contact r2 to rN. Furthermore is another Relay RN + 2 provided, which in turn is designed as a self-holding relay and can be excited by the push button switch SN. One normally closed contact each rN + 2 of the holding relay RN + 2 is in the excitation circuits of the relays R1 to Finally, in the excitation circuits of relays R2 to RN + 1 there is a sensor switch S1 to SN of the locking openings 1 to N. A release relay RE is also provided, in whose excitation circuit is a push button switch SE and designed as a holding relay is. Furthermore, there is a normally closed circuit in its excitation circuit Pushbutton switch SF, which returns the relay circuit to its initial state. The relay RE has a plurality of normally open contacts re, which for the independent control of the drives H1 to HN as well as for the control of the exit gate AT serve.

In addition, the relay RE has a normally closed contact re on, which is in the excitation circuit of relay RN + 2.

This relay circuit works as follows. First is the start switch ST actuated. The relay R1 picks up. The holding contact r1 is closed and the Drive H1 is energized so that the catching element of the first locking opening is opened will. At the same time the entrance gate ET is opened. The milking parlor is now ready. The first animal enters the furthest stand and activates the sensor S1. Through this the holding relay R2 is energized and the drive H2 is also energized and that The catch organ of the second confinement opening is opened. At the same time it will normally closed contact r2 in the excitation circuit of the drive H1 open, so that the catching element the first confinement opening falls into its closed position and thereby automatically locked. This process is repeated until the sensor SN is actuated. This energizes the additional relay RN + 1, which switches off the drive HN will. Furthermore, the entrance gate ET is closed at the same time. Now all are animals of the milking parlor and both the exit gate and the entrance gate are closed. The relays R1 up to RN + I are still all excited. Therefore, the additional relay RN + 2 can now be operated, namely after a time delay through a switch SN + of the relay RN + 1. Because of the excitement of relay RN + 2, relays R1 to RN + 1 are now de-energized. The relay RN + 2 becomes but go through the self-holding contact. Now those locked in the milking parlor can Animals are milked. After the milking process has ended, the animals are released together. This actuates the release switch SE, which causes the self-holding relay RE is energized.

This means that all individual drives H1 to HN as well as the drive of the output gate AT energized. All catching organs are swiveled up and the exit gate will be opened. The animals can now leave the milking parlor.

Furthermore, the normally closed contact is re in the excitation circuit of the holding relay RN + 2 open, so that this relay drops out. Eventually the Limit switch SF actuated, causing the relay RE to drop out and all of them in turn Catch organs and the exit gate are brought into the closed position. Now is that Milking parlor ready for a new milking process.

The relay control described can easily be used to implement the other modes of operation described above can be redesigned. By relocating of the contacts can in each case close the lock-in opening which is closest to the rear relative to the sensor while the containment opening closest to the front relative to the sensor is opened. Furthermore, after the site briefing, all lock-in openings can be used at the same time be closed, e.g. by the sensor SN of the last lock-in opening. For this purpose, one normally only has to be in each of the excitation circuits of the drives H1 to HN closed contact of the holding relay RN + 1 can be provided. The successive openings and Closures of the trapping organs can occur at the initiation, imprisonment and release even after a rigid program with the help of a Timing device can be controlled.

The relay control device should preferably not be in the milking room be accommodated, as aggressive gases here due to the vapors from the animals are present that can affect the switching contacts. Hence the Control system preferably housed in an adjoining room. To increase the freedom from interference Instead of the relay control, you can also use a static electronic control provide.

13 shows an embodiment of a dormant electronic control device 200. As a central component, this includes a shift register 210 with parallel outputs Q1 to QN1. The outputs Q1 to QN are assigned to the confinement openings 1 to N. Furthermore, the shift register 210 has a clock signal input T, which with a selection circuit 220 is connected. This includes an AND gate 221 for each Sensors S1 to SN and an additional AND element 222 for the start switch ST. The outputs of the AND elements 221, 222 are to the inputs of a further AND element 223 led. Further, each of the outputs Q1 through QN + 1 of the shift register 210 is via a feedback line 224 to a second input of the AND gates 221, 222 connected. Furthermore, the ski register has inputs with which all Can be suspended or reset. In addition, inputs K and I provided, via which the shift register are set to the initial state can, for example, in that output Q1 has an L signal while all other outputs have an O signal. Alternatively, however also the two first inputs Q1 and Q2 have signals. To simplify the setting of the Starting situation, however, parallel inputs can also be provided, which are connected to a Coding circuit can be controlled at the same time. The outputs Q1 to QN are connected to the individual drive devices H1 to HN. The output QN + 1 is over an inverter 225 is connected to the drive of the input gate ET. The layoff switch SE can be connected to the CLEAR input or to the coding circuit in such a way that that all outputs Q1 to oN + 1 are set to the L signal at the same time. Above a stationary control for a barrier with individual drives was described. With a slight modification, however, it can also be used as a barrier common drive are formed (Fig. 16). For this purpose, the exit must be done Q1 are connected to the locking member V1, while the output Q2 with the Locking member V2 and connected to the clutch K1. The output Q3 is connected to the lock V3 and the clutch K2, etc. The output N is finally connected to the lock VN- 'and the coupling KNI1 during the lock KN is connected to the output QN + 1.

The use of a shift register has the advantage that several Shift registers can be connected in series in a simple manner, so that through simple measures control devices for any size milking parlors coupled together can be. Alternatively, a shift register device for the The largest possible number of locking openings in a milking parlor that occurs in practice be designed. Such a control device can then be used for the most diverse Milking parlors are made.

In the case of double-row herringbone parlors, a single control device by means of a selector switch with either the left or right-hand barrier Locking bars are connected.

In the case of very large milking parlors, the described, dormant logic control still be too expensive. One can therefore use a microprocessor control as shown in FIG provide.

This includes a program memory 250 in which the sequence control program for the individual drives H1 to HN or for the interlocks V1 to VN and couplings K1 to KN is stored. The program commands read out are sent to a central Microprocessor 251 is supplied serially by a control unit 255. The data input of the microprocessor is connected to the serial output of an input selection circuit 252 tied together. This welst a multitude of parallel inputs, which with the various signal sources required for control are connected, e.g. with the start switch, the sensors S1 to SN, the release switch SE and the Drives H1 to HN. The data output of the microprocessor 251 is a serial Input of an output control circuit 253 connected, which has a plurality of parallel Has outputs. These are with the individual drives H1 to HN and with the drives for the entrance gate ET and the exit gate AT. Such a control device can easily be used for a barrier with a common drive.

A wide variety of known types of microprocessors can be used. In the simplest case, the microprocessor contains only a single logic processing circuit, in which all data are processed serially. Since it is exclusively binary data acts and there the signals exclusively L-state and state can have, the data processing logic circuit can be constructed extremely simply be. It only includes an input flip-flop and an AND element for the required ones AND links and an OR element for the required ODE: R links. A first buffer is connected to the output of the AND element via a gate circuit connected as well as with the output of the input flip-flop with the input of the AND gate connecting line. The output of the first latch flip-flop is on the one hand with the second input of the AND gate and on the other hand with a first input of the OR gate connected.

A second latch flip-flop is assigned to the OR gate, its two inputs each via a gate circuit on the one hand with the output of the OR gate and on the other hand are connected to the 0 signal, while the output of the flip-flip latch on the one hand with the second input of the OR gate and on the other hand via a further one Gate circuit is connected to the output terminal.

Such a microprocessor control has the advantage that it is very simple Way can be adapted to various milking parlors and milking parlor controls, so that the respective conditions and the respective desires at the place in the simplest possible way Way can be taken into account. To change the tax process in the sense of Selection of one of the operating modes described above and for subsequent expansion of the milking parlor or the like, only the irogra 'mm has to be changed. The microprocessor 251 calculates the respective linking equations. The program required for this can be easily created by any programmer.

There is still a large number of the control devices described so far of lines required, which are fed to the individual containment openings have to. In the case of a milking parlor control with place instruction, self-locking grille and sensors as well as individual drives, each drive is assigned a control line, while each Sensor must be connected to the central control unit via a signal line. In the case of a double twelve milking parlor, at least 48 lines are required be laid and connected. To reduce the line effort and the The electrical control device according to the invention can also have installation costs with a Multiplex data transmission device are linked.

For this purpose, the central control device is a known manner Multiplexer assigned, which converts the parallel input and output signals into serial Converts input and output signals. Each containment opening is a transmission channel assigned. There is a peripheral control unit at each locking hole, which responds to the signals in the respective channel or the feedback signals outputs the respective channel. For each transmission channel there are signal places for the drive control, the drive riloh; meldmg and the sensor signal are provided. If such a multiplex data transmission is used, a control system is required for the entire milking parlor, no matter what size, a maximum of only one control signal line, a clock signal line and a synchronization signal line. These three lines are provided for all containment openings. The assembly is therefore extremely simplified.

The multiplex data transmission device is particularly advantageous slls the milking parlor 'is to be equipped with additional control functions. as additional Control functions come in particular the controls of the milking cluster in question, to which control signals and feedback signals are assigned. In particular, the milking cluster can be removed automatically. Furthermore, after finished During the milking process, the milking parlor can also be rinsed automatically.

Furthermore, manure removal devices can be operated with the central control can be controlled and can be swiveled in and out as well as by solenoid valves udder washing devices that can be switched on and off. The milking parlor according to the invention therefore opens up for the first time the way to a fully automated milking process. Particularly beneficial is the connection of the milking parlor according to the invention with an automatic feeding system. Often the cows are fed with concentrate with the help of a central computer control fed. For this purpose, each cow bears an identification mark. The feeding station is located in the stable. It has an identifier receiver, which is the memory of the computer control device drives. The aging data are in this memory for the respective addresses saved for the individual animals. The output signals are sent to a concentrate conveyor or metering device supplied.

So far, a separate, computer-controlled one has been added to the milking parlor Concentrate station provided. One such station is required for 24 cows, so that a large number of concentrate stations are provided for a large number of animals must be. Here again the known problems arise due to the food envy, since animals that are receiving little concentrate will try to remove other animals from to displace the concentrate station. It is therefore not guaranteed that a The cow remains at the feeding station until it has received the concentrate dose intended for it has consumed. All of these problems can be solved with the barrier according to the invention can be solved in an extremely simple manner. It is therefore only required to use the milking parlor as a concentrate feed station. Here is each stand with a bait bowl and a bait dosing device to understand. The concentrate function can be used with all the stands in a milking parlor connected c. one or only one row of a double milking parlor or only one Part of the stands in a row. The animals are locked up while the concentrate is being given, so that an undisturbed concentrate consumption and a precise concentrate administration are guaranteed. In the simplest case, there is an identifier receiver at each stand connected who is connected to the central computer system.

The barrier according to the invention allows here. but an essential one Simplification. It is possible to have just one behind the entrance gate Identify receiver to be provided, as the animals are due to the location function in the order in which they enter the milking parlor and pass the identification recipient, also occupy the stands of the milking parlor. A circuit for such a concentrate control Branch shown in Fig. 25.

It includes that. central memory 300, a read-in-read control unit 301, which is sent by a common identifier receiver 302 at the entrance of the milking parlor is controlled. The identification receiver 302 responds to the identification marks 303 of the individual animals by wireless transmission. In addition, the identifier receiver directs 302 from a clock signal for each identifier, which is a clock input of a disk controller 304 is supplied. This has parallel outputs Q1 to QN, which the individual Stands are assigned. The control signals are given by the identifier The addressed address of the memory 300 is read out and is sent serially via a Data line 305 to input gates 306. The latter are activated by the output signals of the shift register 304 opened. The feeding data can then be stored in subsequent intermediate stores 307 can be saved. The number of buffers 307 corresponds to the number the stands. From here they are controlled by a gate to the individual concentrate dosing devices fed. The gate control can be coupled with the entrance gate control. Further A reset signal can be shared between the shift register 304 and the latches 307 can be supplied.

Fig. 15 shows another concrete electronic control system. Included it is an embodiment of the control system according to FIG The embodiment according to FIG. 13 is a shift register in the central control unit used. This shift register can be resolved into single flip-flops, e.g. of the MS-JK type will. Each individual flip-flop is in a control unit of the respective Housed stand, together with a number of other components. This enables an improved modular design, so that not only the mechanical Limits and trapping organs can be produced in modular construction, but rather also the associated control devices. Each stand is an individual control module 320 assigned. This includes a single drive member Hn (n = 1 to N), which lies in an energy-carrying line 322. This has two connections, which serve to connect the individual modules of a milking parlor in series. Furthermore, there is a connection, not shown, between the drive element Hn and an energy return line 323. The latter can in the case of electrical actuation. designed as a grounding line and be moved continuously across all stands. Of course you can this grounding line can also be integrated into the module. Lines 322 and 323 can of course also be pneumatic or hydraulic power lines be.

Each module 320 contains a control unit Stn and a sensor Sn. The control unit Stn is stabilized with a separate power supply line ( +6 V) 324 and a connecting line (not shown) to the earth line 323 connected. Each control unit Stn contains an MS-JK flip-flop 330 with outputs Q and Q as well as with inputs J, K and with a clock input T. A set input S and a reset input R are also provided. The set input S is connected to a set line 332, while the reset input is connected to a Reset line 334 is connected. Both lines in turn each have two Output connections for series connection. Furthermore, when connected in series each of the inputs J connected to the output Q of the neighboring control module, while on the other hand the input K with the output 5 of the adjacent control module is connected. The inputs J and K of the first control module are connected to a central control unit connected, which are also connected to the set line 332 and the reset line 334 is connected. The output Q is via a driver element Trn with the drive element Hn connected.

The sensor Sn is from the animal, which is a confinement opening turns, actuated. It is a switch that is closed will. The switch signal reaches a signal shaper 340, which acts as an end bounce circuit acts and delivers the one-off signal pulse shown. A differentiating circuit can be used for this purpose and serve a monoflop. The latter ensures the required edge steepness. The sensor signal is applied to an AND element 342. The other entrance is the same connected to the output terminal Q of the flip-flop 330.

The output of the AND gate 342 is connected to an input of an OR gate 344 connected. The other input of the same is led out to an input connection 346.

The output of the OR gate 344 is on the one hand with the clock input T of flip-flop 330 and on the other hand to one on the other side of the Module located clock connection 348 connected.

When the milking parlor is set up, a control and drive unit 320 is provided.

This can be built in during manufacture.

During the final assembly, the individual milking parlor modules are set up and coupled together. The control and drive modules only have to are interconnected by connecting lines. The type of connection is readily apparent from FIG. 15. The connecting lines can thereby must already be firmly soldered to one side of the module so that only one connection remains must be made. They can extend through pipes, which are called anyway There are boundary pipes in a milking parlor, e.g. through pipes 8, 2 and 4 of FIG. 1. The control and drive module 320 can each be used as a separate unit are manufactured, so that the manufacturing costs are significantly reduced.

The same advantage of modular construction in terms of manufacture and Assembly results in all control systems of FIGS. 7 to 11.

The operation of this control device will be described below will. At the beginning, when the milking parlor is in the rest position, all catching organs are closed and they rest under their own weight on a stop. All drive elements are Hn de-excited. All Q outputs of the flip-flops are at zero level. All sensors are in place in the starting or resting position. By pressing a start switch of the central control unit, the set line 332 and the reset line 334 become set to 1 level, while at input Jl or at input K1 of the first control module 1 level or zero level is present. The clock input is now activated by the start switch 346 of the first module is applied with a clock pulse. This will be the exit Q1 of the first flip-flop set to a 1 signal, while the logical The state of inputs J1 and K1 is reversed. In the following control processes the inputs JI 'and K1 remain at zero level and 1 level, respectively. The outputs Q2, Q3, ... QN remain at zero level. The signal at output Q1 goes to the driver circuit Trl and this controls the individual drive H1, so that the associated catching organ is opened. The milking parlor is now in its starting position for the Course briefing. The central control unit controls the entrance gate, which is open will. Now the cows enter the milking parlor one after the other. The first cow operated the sensor S1 of the rearmost standing position. This creates a clock pulse, which arrives at AND gate 342. Since the output Q of the associated flip-flop 330 is at 1 level, the clock pulse arrives at the clock input via the OR gate 344 T of the first stand flip-flop 330. This makes the output 1 level Q1 shifted to output Q2, while output Q1 goes to zero level.

As a result, the catch organ of the in the manner already described second stand opened by the drive H2, while the catching element H1 of the first stand by de-energizing the drive H1 in the closed position and imprison the animal there. The clock pulse of the first control module has stopped also via the line 348 at the left input of the OR gate 344 of the following Drive and control module 320 of the second rearmost stand position, etc., on this The clock pulse of the respectively actuated sensor Sn reaches the clock inputs T of all flip-flops 330. On the other hand, only a single sensor Sn is activated at a time, namely the sensor of the stand with the catching organ open. This is achieved by connecting the right input of AND gate 342 to output Q of flip-flop 330 within the drive and control module, all other sensor circuits are locked. In this way a selector circuit is realized which activates the sensor of the open stand. In the event of an accidental Actuation of a sensor of a standing position further forward by a passing one Kuh no clock signal is passed on to the flip-flops. The same goes for one Sensor actuation by cows already locked up.

The process described is repeated until the last cow touches the sensor SN actuated. Here the output QN is set to zero '. Thus the initial information, which at the beginning of the seat assignment process from the central control unit to the as Shift register acting flip-flop chain is entered in the course of the sensor actuation Moved from the milking parlor exit to the milking parlor entrance and finally with the last one Sensor actuation pushed out of the flip-flop chain. Now there are again all outputs Q at zero level. All cows are locked up and milked. After the milking process has ended, the setting line 332 is set to zero level, as a result of which all outputs Q of all flip-flops go to 1 level at the same time and all Individual drives H1 to HN are activated. This state is maintained so long until all animals have left the milking parlor. Now the reset input set to zero level while the set input is set to 1 level.

This in turn sets all outputs Q to zero level and the catching organs fall into their rest or closed position. The whole The control cycle can now be repeated.

The control device described can be modified in many ways will. A wide variety of flip-flops can be used, specifically in particular various JK flip-flops, RS flip-flops, D flip-flops, etc. These can be controlled by clock pulses or by positive rising edges, negative falling edges or both. Any other selection circuit can be used be, and in particular also selector circuits with a counter that with each Sensor pulse input shift the output signal to a subsequent output. A wired OR link can also be used instead of the AND elements 344. Designs of this type are known to those skilled in the art. In the case of an edge-triggered The sensor device can also supply flip-flops with continuous signals. The described electronic control device can also be easily replaced by an analog, pneumatic or mechanical control device to be replaced. It is only necessary for this, Instead of the flip-flop, a mechanical or pneumatic, bistable toggle element to use.

In the drive described so far for the barrier according to the invention a separate drive device is assigned to each catching element. However, it is also possible to provide a common drive for all catching organs and the individual control the catching organs by controlling locks and couplings.

16 shows a basic illustration of such a drive.

There are N locking openings with N catching organs 12 are provided. The catching organs do not have any self-locking devices that can be unlocked by the drive on. Rather, there is a solenoid-operated locking device for each catch element 12 V1, V2, ... VN assigned. These locking devices are by control of a solenoid can be unlocked. They are preferably designed such that they Snap into place automatically when the catching organ 12 closes. The locking function however, it can also be controlled by the solenoid.

A continuous rod 101 is arranged above the catching organs 12, are slidably mounted on the sliding coupling sleeves 102. Each of these pods is via a pull rope 104 guided over a pulley 103 directly to the assigned Catch organ 12 connected. All pull cords 104 except that of the first containment opening associated pull rope contain a traction energy storage device 105 in the form a tension spring. Furthermore, there is another, continuous, longitudinally displaceable rod 106 provided, which by a common drive according to the arrow line in a Closed position and an open position is movable. It can be a; manual drive be frozen or a pneumatic or hydraulic drive, which in turn can be controlled either manually or electrically. Further an electric motor drive can of course also be provided.

Locking claws 107 are also articulated on the rod 106, which are normally held in their locking position under their own weight will. These locking claws 107 are designed as double levers. The right lower end engages the coupling sleeve 102 while. the top left one Control solenoid K1, K2, KN is assigned. When the solenoid is operated, the Locking claw 107 rotated counterclockwise and the coupling sleeve is unlocked.

This drive control works as follows. Usually located all catching organs 12 are in the rest position, i.e. in the closed position. You are in-through the locking members V1 to VN locked. The continuous rod 106 is located in the left end position. The claws 107 take their active position, and the coupling sleeves 102 each take their left position. The tension springs 105 are relaxed. The start signal has an unlocking effect on the locking device V1 of the rear most confinement opening. The common drive H is then excited and the rod 106 is moved to its right end position. The coupling sleeves 102 carried along. As a result, the unlocked catch element 12 is in its open position panned. On the other hand, the catching organs V2, V3, ... VN are still locked. Therefore the tension springs 105 are tensioned. Now is the lock-in grid for the briefing prepared. The first cow turns to the bait behind the furthest barrier opening closes and thereby actuates the associated sensor 51. The sensor signal now acts the central control device. This makes the solenoid K1 the first Catch opening energized, the claw 107 is pivoted counterclockwise and the associated coupling sleeve 102 is under the weight of the catching organ 12 after pushed to the left and the catching organ falls into its closed position.

The lock V1 engages automatically the lock V2 is unlocked and the catching element 12 of the second confinement opening is swiveled up into its open position. After that, sensor S2 becomes the second Lock-in opening actuated by the following cow and the process described repeats itself until finally the sensor SW of the N-th lock opening is actuated is energized and the solenoid KN is energized, thereby closing this N-th containment opening will. The signal from the sensor SN can in turn serve to control the entrance gate.

This drive control device can be used in the most varied of ways be modified. Instead of the pull drive, a push drive can be provided, naturally compression springs must be used. The drive can also be used as a Rotary drive be designed, naturally as energy storage devices Torsion springs are used. Instead of energy storage by springs energy can also be stored by shifting weight. An example of one such control is explained below. Furthermore, the rod can alternatively 106 can also be rotatably mounted. It each has segment stops, which interact with the coupling sleeves 102. By turning the rod, the Segment stops either in the locked position or in the unlocked position to be turned around. When unlocking, they slide over an unlocking edge of the coupling sleeve away. According to the invention can now'die unlocking edges in the circumferential direction be offset from one another, in such a way that upon rotation of the rod 106 initially the coupling sleeve 102 of the first locking opening is unlocked and then the Coupling sleeve of the second confinement opening, etc. The rod 106 can be continuous turned so that the training procedures run according to a rigid program. But it can also be rotated by a stepping mechanism or a stepper motor, under the control of sensors S1 to SN. In the case of a rotary drive the catching element 12 can also be the rotatable rod instead of the pivot bolt 10 or be provided concentrically to these.

The locking organs V1 to VN can also use segment stops can be operated on the rotating rod. With the variants described so far all sensors act electrically on the control. However, it can also to be mechanical sensor ren, which mechanically on the locks V1 to VN and act on the couplings K1 to KN or which act mechanically on the rotatable Act on the rod via an indexing mechanism. Instead of the sliding coupling sleeves 102 Rotatable coupling elements can also be provided, the pull rope in each case is wound and unwound like a spool.

The following are three purely mechanical embodiments of the control system of FIG. 7 will be explained. In the embodiment according to Fig. 17 and 18 catch tubes are used in which the focus is behind the Link pin 10 is located. Both incarceration and release and recovery the starting position are shared by a central control for all parking spaces controlled out. Only the seat instruction function is controlled by sensors on the individual stands controlled. The catch pipes move automatically when unlocked into the open position, due to the weight of the rear of the pivot pin 10 located section. This section can be used to shift the focus be made long or the pipe section located there can be inserted with a or welded weight.

Fig. 17 shows two catch tubes 12, one of which is in the open position while the other is in the closed position. The stationary Tube are not shown for the sake of clarity, except for the opened one Support tube 2 associated with catch tube 12 with cross bar 4.

A pivotable lifting plate 40 is used to lock the catch tube 12 in its closed position. The front edge of the lifting plate 40 is in contact the rear edge of the nose 32. The pipe 12 tries its own Turn the weight clockwise so that there is always sufficient contact pressure exists between the lifting plate 40 and the nose 32. When the caged cow is hers Head lifts, this contact pressure is only increased so that the cow does Catch tube 12 cannot open. To open the catch tube 12, only the lifting plate needs to be 40 can be pivoted upwards by a small amount until the front edge is over the upper tip of the nose 32 comes to rest. The nose 32 then engages the lower side of the lifting plate 40 and the catching tube 12 can - due to its Swivel your own weight automatically in a clockwise direction, whereby the lifting plate 40 is taken. To close the catch tube 12, the lifting plate 40 must be counterclockwise be pivoted downwards as a result. the catch tube 12 is also counterclockwise pivoted and the nose 32 slides along the lower side of the lifting plate 40 forward to the front edge and then the front edge of the lifting plate grips 40 again behind the nose 32. All lifting plates 40 know firmly with one be connected to a single continuous rod, which rotates in both directions can be, but cannot be moved lengthways.

In the arrangement shown in FIG can be operated separately. For this purpose, the rear ends of the lifting plates 40 are provided with sleeves 42,44 connected which rotatable on a continuous rod, but are not mounted to be longitudinally displaceable. The sleeve 44 of the first containment opening is short and only carries the lifting plate 40. The sleeves 42 of the following Lock-in openings are elongated and protrude into the area of the previous one Cage opening. They each have a short actuator plate at their left end 48, which cooperates with a bracket 50 articulated on the standpipe 2 by a bolt 49. The bracket 50 includes a lower curved portion 52 and an upper portion 54. The center of gravity of the bracket lies behind the standpipe 2 and the bracket 50 rests in the position shown in Figure l7 under its own weight on one not shown stop. The lower curved portion 52 protrudes into the containment opening. As soon as a cow inserts her neck into the confinement opening or the bait facing, the bracket 50 is pivoted counterclockwise and the end 56 of the The bracket 50 engages the lower surface of the short actuator plate 48. Through this the BetStigungsplatte 48, the sleeve 42 and the lifting plate 40 is clockwise pivoted and the catching tube 12 of the subsequent locking opening is unlocked. The bracket 50 only needs to pivot the actuating plate 48 by such an amount that the lifting plate 50 is raised over the nose 32 of the catching tube 12. Then swings the catching tube 12 automatically moves into the open position under its own weight. It takes the lifting plate 40, the sleeve 42 and the actuating plate 48 with it. Then the next cow can enter the next place, which in turn causes the The bracket provided there is actuated and the third catching tube is opened, etc. In this way, each cow opens the lock-up opening for the next one Cow.

After all the cows have taken their places, all must Catch tubes 12 are closed. For this purpose, a pull rope 60, which is attached to a the rod 46 welded to the lifting rod 58 engages in the direction of arrow C. pulled up. The rod 46 rotates clockwise and in accordance with FIG a driver pin 62 fastened to the rod 46 comes into contact with a stop pin 64, which is welded to the outside of the sleeve 42 and is located in the axial Direction extends beyond its end. Thus, the sleeve 42 and thus also the lifting plate 40 is rotated clockwise and all catching tubes 12 are pivoted in the closed position.

This position is on the right-hand side in FIG. 17 and in FIG 18 shown. The rod 46 then rotates under its own weight back into the 18, in which it is replaced by a not shown Stop is held.

Now all the cows are locked up and can be milked. To When the milking process has ended, the cows must be released from the milking parlor again, to which measure all catch tubes 12 are swiveled up. To this end, a Pull rope 61 pulled downwards according to the arrow line D, whereby the lifting rod 58 and the rod 46 can be rotated counterclockwise. As a result, a Another driver pin in contact with the stop pin 46.

Now the sleeves 42 are rotated and the lifting plates disengage. Now all catch pipes fold into the open position under their own weight. Well can all cows leave their place.

The milking parlor must now be prepared for the next milking process. For this purpose, all catch tubes 12, with the exception of the first catch tube, must be in the Be brought to the closed position. For this purpose, the pull rope 60 is again after pulled up, the driver pin 62 engages the stop pin 64 and all Lifting plates 40 are pivoted downwards and take all of the catching tubes 12 in the process , including the first, with. All catch tubes 12 are included the first locked by the lifting plates 40. Then the pull rope 61 according to the arrow line D is drawn down, but not by the maximum possible angle of rotation.

Rather, the rod 46 is only rotated counterclockwise to the extent that until the driver pin 66 'assigned to the first catching tube 12, which is opposite all other driver pins 66 has a slight angular offset on which Stop pin 64 attacks. As the tube 46 continues to rotate, FIG Sleeve 44 of the first containment opening leads over all subsequent ones Sleeves 42. Therefore, the first catch tube 12 is now unlocked, while all subsequent ones The catch pipes remain locked. After a slight rotation of the rod 46 in Counterclockwise by a small increment, the rod 12 is thus the first Catch opening fully unlocked and folds under its own weight above. Now the working cycle described begins again from the beginning.

When all cows are locked up, the brackets 50 are opposite to in Figure 17 pivoted position shown clockwise and the ends 56 are on the actuating plates 48. In order to prevent the subsequent Catch tubes 12 are unlocked, a lock, not shown, is provided, which locks the rod 46 in a rotational position in which the drive pins 62 engage the stop pins 64 (FIG. 18). Now the sleeves 42, 44 cannot by Action of the bracket ends 56 on the actuating plates 48 are rotated. Unfortunately In doing so, the lower curved bracket section 52 exerts a certain pressure on the neck the cow out. Therefore, in a further embodiment, the rear portion of the The bracket must be separated from the rest of the bracket and connected to it such that it can be pivoted be that on the one hand it occupies the upper stop position shown in FIG can, but on the other hand against a spring tension relative to the rest of the bracket can be pivoted down. With the rod 46 locked, the bracket 50 be swiveled fully inwards. However, the spring force must be that not shown Spring of the bracket 50 be dimensioned such that the sleeves 42 when the rod is unlocked 46 can be rotated through the bracket.

In the embodiment described above, the work cycle begins only the first confinement opening opened.

The cow that penetrates there then opens the subsequent confinement opening etc .. The catch pipes are used exclusively to close the lock-in openings 12th However, the same function can also be performed with the help of a separate locking device, e.g. a locking door, a locking frame or a locking bar, which additionally is provided to the catch pipe, cause. A specific embodiment of the invention The safety gate is shown in FIGS. 19 and 20. In the embodiment chosen here According to this principle, the center of gravity of the catching tube 12 is in turn in front of the bolt 10, so that the catch tubes 12 fold under their own weight into the closed position, as shown on the basis FIGS. 1 to 3 explained. Each catch tube 12 is in turn a self-locking device assigned. This has already been described in detail with reference to FIG. she is therefore not shown in FIG. The concrete embodiment explained below is based on a safety gate according to Figure 2. The same principle however, it can also be applied to a safety gate without offset according to FIG. 1.

Articulation plates 70 are attached to the standpipe 2, on which a locking bracket is hinged by means of pivot pins 74. The locking bracket has 72 in the open position the position shown with solid lines. It is powered by a preload spring pressed against a stop, not shown.

If now the pull rope 30, which is guided around a pulley 76, is pulled in the direction of arrow B, the self-locking mechanism, not shown, is first released and then the catch tube 12 is pivoted up. In the case of the figures 1 The embodiments shown to 3, the catch pipe is not up to the vertical position swiveled up.

In the embodiment to be described now, however, there is the possibility of the catching tube 12 beyond the vertical position into the dash-dotted line Lines shown position to pivot. During the pivoting movement of the rod 12, the rear section 13 engages on the bracket 72, so that this is in the dash-dotted line Lines shown closed position is pivoted. In this position the The bracket is locked by a locking device shown in detail in FIG.

The locking device comprises a rod 76, which up to next front locking opening is sufficient. It's on her left end by one Ring 78 rotatably and pivotably mounted to a small extent. At the right end the rod is mounted in a partially shown frame, which is a front vertical plate 80, a lower horizontal plate 82 and a front vertical plate Plate 84 includes. Furthermore, a wedge-shaped projection 86 is formed on the rod 76. In the normal position, the rod 76 lies on the inner surface of the vertical plate 80 on while the top of the wedge-shaped projection 86 on the inner surface the vertical plate 84 rests. The frame is open on both sides, except for an approximately triangular plate 88, which serves as a plant for the projection 86 and prevents the rod 76 from being slid to the right. on the other hand an actuating plate 90 at the other end of the rod 76 interacts with the ring 78 and prevents the rod 76 from shifting to the right.

A locking claw 92 is provided on the lower part of the bracket 72, which has a locking lug 94 with an inclined surface.

When locking, the inclined surface of the locking nose slides 94 under the end of the rod 76 and this is pivoted up slightly. In the Further movement of the bracket 72, the rod 76 falls down behind the nose 94 again. The cooperating with the locking nose 94 part of the rod 76 has a flattened surface 96, which ensures a secure locking. The unlocking takes place through the bracket 50 of the next front locking opening. If the if the cow penetrating there turns to the bait, the bracket 50, which is normally held in the position shown in Figure 20 by its own weight, pivoted counterclockwise and the end 51 of this bracket engages the actuator plate 90 at.

This rotates the rod 76. It works in the front area the tip of the wedge-shaped projection 86 as a fulcrum, so that the rod 76 here is tipped up. The flattened surface 96 slides on the locking nose 94 upwards until the lock disengages. The bracket 76 now pivots under the Effect of the pretensioning spring, not shown, in FIG. 19 with extended lines The position shown by the lines.

Before that, the catching tube 12 must be from the one shown with dash-dotted lines Position to be brought into a normal opening position in which its center of gravity in front of the pivot pin 10 and the rear end 13 not with the folding back Bracket 72 collides. For this purpose, the self-locking device not shown in FIG a bias spring on the one hand on the spar 4 and on the other hand on the Cross rod 22 (Figure 3) is anchored and its expansion begins when the catch tube 12 beyond the normal opening position into that in FIG. 19 with solid lines position shown and furthermore in that in Figure 19 with dashed lines extreme position shown is pivoted. After unlocking the pull rope 30 Therefore, all catch tubes 12 are under the action of the tension springs, not shown pivoted counterclockwise into the normal opening position according to FIG. 19, in which they can be held by a further locking of the pull rope 30. Now the cows can take their places, one after the other in an orderly manner Sequence, with each cow by actuating the bracket 20, the locking bracket 72 of the brings the subsequent locking opening into the open position. After all cows have taken their place, all that needs to be done is to lock the pull rope 30 are released and all catch tubes 12 fall down under their own weight, until they come to rest against a stop, not shown, and through the self-locking device be locked. All Fangroiire 12 are on the self-locking device according to Figure 3 unlocked together with the help of the continuous rod 20, raised, pivoted to the maximum rearward pivot position, then below the train of the spring, not shown, moved into the normal open position and finally in the Closed position lowered. The safety gate has the basic shape shown in FIG. The rods 76 each run parallel to the pipe 8 and the plane of the bracket 50 is parallel to the pipe 6, i.e. perpendicular to the pipe 8.

The embodiments of the safety gate according to the invention described so far are not designed as self-locking grids. However, it is also possible to use the To realize construction principle according to the invention a self-locking grid. These Embodiment is to be explained in the following with reference to FIGS. 21 to 23, Das Catching tube 12 is with the bolt 10 on the spar 4 (not shown in FIG. 21) hinged. At its rear end 13 is a weight 100 with the help of plates 102,104 and a pin 106 articulated. One of the plate 104 is elongated and carries at its upper end a right angle to the outside, i.e. from the pivot plane of the Rod 12 gone, curved projection 108.

This extended section also has a recess 110. In the closed position of the catching tube 12 shown in FIG. 21, a stationary one engages. Locking plate 112 in this recess. The center of gravity is in this state of the catch tube 12 including weight 100 in front of the bolt 10, so that the catch tube 12 tries to to twist counterclockwise. However, this is done by working together the locking plate 112 with the lower edge of the recess 110 prevented.

In the initial situation, all of the catch tubes 12 of the The milking parlor is locked and the caged cows are milked. When the cows butt against the underside of the catch tubes 12, the locking plate 112 comes in Rest on the upper edge of the recess 110 so that the cows do not break free can. After the milking process has ended, the catch tubes 12 must be folded up.

A continuous rod 114 is used for this purpose with the aid of an arm 116 rotated in the direction of arrow 118, i.e. counterclockwise. The continuous Bar 114 carries one free in the normal position at each stand in the milking parlor depending leg 120. This leg 120 is thus in the direction of the arrow 122 pivoted.

At its lower end it carries a short crossbar 124. The thigh 120 and the cross bar 124 have a T-configuration. The cross bar 124 is inclined to the main plane of the milking parlor, i.e. not parallel to the pivot pin 10 Fig. 21 left section of the short crossbar 124 comes into engagement with the weight 100 and swings this up. First, the 'locking between the Recess 110 and the stationary locking plate 112 released. In the further course During the pivoting movement, the projection 108 of the long plate 104 slides over an incline Nose 128 of a locking claw 130, which is articulated on the catching tube 12 and in the closed position of the catch tube 12 shown in Fig. 21 by virtue of the weight of their lower portion 132 hangs in the position shown. In the course of the further Pivoting movement, the locking claw 130 is pivoted clockwise and the projection 108 engages behind the oblique locking nose 128, so that the Weight now locks in the horizontal position. Now the focus of the Catching organ 12 behind the pivot bolt 10. In addition, the catching tube 12 is not now more locked so that it folds up into its opening position as soon as the through Rod 114 returns to its rest position, which is shown in FIG.

The catching tube 12 comes into contact with a stop, not shown.

Now all cows can leave the milking parlor. The empty milking parlor must now be prepared for a new milking process. For this purpose, the rod 114 rotated clockwise until the crossbar 124 on the leg 120 at the top a bracket 50 attacks. This bracket has essentially the configuration of the Bracket 50 of Fig.

17. The free, upper end, however, is much shorter, and indeed slightly shorter than the distance between the pivot pin 49 and the upper end of the standpipe 2. The bow'50 is under the action of a spring, which either acts as a torsion spring or as a tension spring, normally the one shown in FIG active position, held with the upper end 54 of the bracket 50 free to the rear stands and wherein the lower, curved region 52 protrudes far into the confinement opening.

The plane of the bracket pivoting movement runs obliquely to the plane of movement of the catching tube 12. This can best be seen from FIG. 2. With reference on this figure, the bracket movement plane can be approximately perpendicular to the direction of the tubes 8 are accepted. The bracket is on the side facing the feeding trough of the standpipe 2 articulated. The free end of the bracket 50 protrudes into the space on the right from the spar 4. You can now recognize that the crossbar 24 easily at the upper, rear Can attack the end of the bracket 50. He 'is (called Fig. 17) in a counterclockwise direction pivoted, and the, rear, upper end of the BUgeiß 50 slides on the crossbar 124 along.

The inclined position of the crossbar 124 favors this actuation process. At the end of this movement, all brackets come into an inactive position in which the lower end portion 52 has left the confinement opening. Are in this position all brackets (except for the first bracket locked by a locking mechanism, which is shown in detail in FIG. Everyone' Bracket 50 has a nose 130 in its lower end region. The first bracket has none Locking lug 130 on. Therefore, the first bracket will not be an inactive one Locked position. However, the second, third to N-th bracket are locked by that the locking lug 130 during the pivoting movement, which is inclined according to FIG to the left and out of the plane of the paper, over the upper edge of a locking plate 132 slides and then engages locking behind it.

The locking plate 132 is on a rotatable, but not longitudinally displaceable Rod 134 welded on. The rod 134 extends from the standpipe 2 of the one Stand up to standpipe 2 of the next stand. In Fig. 23 is e.g., a rear view of the standpipe 2 of the second containment opening is shown. The rod 134 extends from this standpipe to the first (on the output side) Standpipe. The left rod 134 shown in Figure 23 extends from the standpipe 2 of the second confinement opening to the standpipe 2 of the third confinement opening. the Rods 134 are each hinged to the standpipes, under spring preload, such that the locking plates 132 are perpendicular to the top and on the standpipe 2 are present. For this purpose, a spring, not shown, is provided, which natural hole can also be replaced by a weight. The end located on the output side the rod 134 carries a second locking plate 136, the importance of which continues should be explained below. It can now be seen that during the rotary movement of the continuous Rod 114 clockwise the bracket 50 can be pivoted into the inactive position and the nose 130 with its inclined surface on the upper edge of the vertical one Locking plate 132 engages, this slightly against the spring force according to 23 pivoted towards the viewer so that the locking lug 130 can slide over the upper edge of the locking plate 132.

The locking edge of the locking lug 130 then engages the rear (visible) surface, the locking plate 132. Now are located Thus, all of the actuating brackets 50, except for the first one, are in an inactive position.

The upper ends of all of the brackets 50 carry locking tabs 138 (Fig. 22). In the inactive position of the bracket 50 is its upper end with the Locking tongue 138 below the horizontal bar 4, so that the locking tongue 138 protrudes slightly into the space located to the left of the spar 4 according to FIG.

Now the through rod 114 is again counterclockwise rotated and the legs 120 are thereby together with the cross bars 124 in the direction of the arrow 122 pivoted. In doing so, the cross bars 124 grip the ones in the opening position Catch tubes 112, to be more precise, on the weights 100. The lock of the weights through the locking pawl 130 is designed such that thereby the weight 100 is not unlocked. The catch tube 12 is against its weight in Closing position pivoted. In this closed position, the Pangrohr is now locked. The locking mechanism is shown in detail in FIG. Every catch pipe 12 has a locking claw 140 in its section in front of the pivot bolt 10 It is done by a pin 141 and mounting plates 142 on the underside of the catch tube 12 is articulated. Each locking claw 140 has a according to FIG. 22 to the left extending, curved extension 144, which in Fig. 22 normal position shown on the catch tube 12 rests. The locking claw 140 is therefore counterclockwise upward from the position shown in FIG pivotable. During the downward movement of the catching tube 12 due to the action of the crossbar 124, the locking pawl 140 collides with the locking tongue 138 at the top End of bracket 50. The locking claw 140 is thereby pivoted in a clockwise direction and slips over the locking tongue 138. Then it rests below the locking tongue 138 locking a. This position is shown in FIG. There is a single locking mechanism for the catching pipes in positions 2 to N, but not at the first stand. The milking parlor is now located in its starting position. At the first stand, the bracket is in the unlocked, active position, which is shown in FIG. On the other hand, the catch pipe takes 12 of the first stand is in its raised open position as soon as the continuous Rod 114 returns to its original rotational position.

All catching pipes 12 of places 2 to N are closed and according to Fig. 22 locked. In addition, all the brackets of these places are in the inactive position locked.

Now the entrance door is opened and the cows step into the milking parlor a. You will now find all lock-in openings locked, except for the rearmost one. So the first cow goes to this furthest seat, lifts her head into it Lock-in opening and thereby actuates the bracket 50. The bracket 50 has an unlocking effect on the locking of the weight 100 on the (opened) catching tube 12.

For this purpose, there is an unlocking member in the upper end area of the bracket 50 150 hinged at 152 at a point which is a certain distance is below the upper end of the bracket 50. The unlocking member 150 is located usually resembles that shown in FIG Position. Included a lower extension 154 rests on the bracket 50 and prevents the fall Unlocking member 150 under its own weight. The locking .organ 50- carries an approximately horizontally extending extension 156 at its upper end. When the starting position of the milking parlor is brought about, the catching tube swivels 12 of the first place in its opening position. The lower section gets here 132 'of the locking claw 130 in the area immediately in front of the extension 156 of the Unlocking member 150; in the direction of the catch tube 12, towards its rear end seen, the extension 156 is thus behind the lower end 132 of the locking claw 150. If the first cow now swivels the bracket in the counterclockwise direction according to FIG. so the extension 156 engages the lower portion 132 of the locking pawl 130 and this is pivoted clockwise according to FIG. This slides the Nose 128 from the projection 108 of the extended plate 704, so that the weight 100 is now unlocked and pivots down. But this is now shifting the center of gravity of the first catching tube 12 forward into the area in front of the pivot bolt 10, so that the catch tube 12 moves under its own weight into the closed position. The upper end of the extended plate 104 slides over a beveled one Edge 160 along the leading edge of stationary locking plate 112 until finally, the recess 110 interacts with the plate 112 in a locking manner. so the catch tube 12 can no longer be lifted by the cow and the first cow is locked in its containment opening.

The instruction process will be explained in the following. As already mentioned, there is the, catching tube 12 with locked weight 100 and when the center of gravity is arranged behind the pivot pin 10 in its closed position, whereby it is locked by the locking tongue 138 ′ and the locking claw 140. In the starting position of the bracket 50 of the rearmost stand (active position before actuation by the cow) the lower end of the bracket 50 has the shape shown in Fig. 23 position shown relative to the plate 136. At the rear end of the bracket 50 is an actuating claw 162 is articulated, the articulation axis being approximately concentric to the rear portion of the bracket 50 extends. Usually takes the actuating claw 162 to the position shown in FIG. It rests under its own weight a stop.

On the other hand, the operating pawl 162 is clockwise as shown in FIG rotatable.

In the active position of the first bracket 50, the end section is located the actuating claw 162 between the plate 136 and the standpipe 2, i.e. on the Side of the plate 136 facing away from the viewer. By the pivoting movement of the bracket 50 counterclockwise (according to FIG. 17) engages the actuation claw 162 on the Plate 136 and swivels it towards the viewer (FIG. 23). This will the rod 134 rotated and the locking plate 132 of the second stand is also pivoted (according to FIG. 23 towards the viewer). This will make the The nose 130 of the second bracket is unlocked, and this comes under the action of a spring to the active position shown in FIG. The locking tongue 138 separated from the locking claw 140 and the catching tube 12 of the second stand can now pivot into the open position under its own weight. The continuation arrives 156 again in the area immediately behind the lower portion 132 of the locking pawl 130. The extension 156 slides over the lower end of the locking claw 130 and becomes light against its own weight after pivoted at the top. Now is the continuation? 156 of the unlocking member 150 of the bracket 50 of the second place in its active position with respect to the Locking claw 130 for the weight 100 of the catching tube 12 of the second confinement opening. As soon as the second cow enters the second furthest stand, it will be there The bracket located in turn is pivoted, the weight 100 is unlocked, the catch tube 12 now folds into its closed position under its own weight and is there through the locking plate 112 locks, while on the other hand the plate 136, the Rod 134 and thus also the plate 132 of the third from the rear stand position is pivoted and the bracket located there assumes its active position, the Latch 138, 140 of the catching tube 12 of the third confinement opening is unlocked etc. During the pivoting movement of the bracket 50 into its active position, the slides Actuating claw 162 each over the upper edge of the plate 136 and finally falls behind this actuating plate 136 (according to FIG. 23), i.e. on its front side, again down to the position shown in FIG.

In the embodiment described, the lower end is the locking pawl 130 is extended so that it assumes the position shown in FIG. 21 under its own weight.

The locking claw 130 can, however, be acted upon by a tension spring are in such a way that it tries to counterclockwise the locking pawl to twist.

As a result, the locking of the weight 100 is independent of the Pivoting movement of the catch tube 12 is always secured, as long as not the unlocking member 150 attacks unlocking.

The following is a concrete embodiment of the control system according to FIG. 11 will be explained. Each sensor S1 to SN carries a permanent magnet, which is in the immediate vicinity of the driver organs provided in the form of reed shafts T1 to TN and Trl to TrN can be moved. The reed switches T1 through TN are normally off, while the reed switches Tr1 to TrN are normally on are. They are in each other by the magnetic field of the permanent magnet Switch position brought. The control units 5t1 to StN thus each exist from a movable permanent magnet and from its magnetic field. The reed switch are kept in the switched (abnormal) switch position as long as the animals are locked in the confinement opening, i.e. as long as the permanent magnet is in the Remains close to the reed switch. Thus there are sensors of the hold type with a permanent signal before.

The valves d7 to dN 1 are power diodes. Of the Load current initially flows through the closed reed switch Tr1 and the drive element H1 to the earth line. The drive element H1 and the associated catch element are therefore excited is in the open position. Because the reed switch T1 and also the subsequent ones Reed switches t2 to tN are open, the drive elements H2 to HN are not charged with electricity.

The associated catching organs are therefore closed. As soon as the first If the cow enters the rearmost place, the bracket 5Q is pivoted. The permanent magnet comes in the immediate vicinity of the two reed switches t1 and Tr1. The reed switch tl is switched on and the reed switch Trl is switched off. Now flows the load current through the normally closed reed switch Tr2 and the drive element H2 to earth, so that the associated catching organ is opened while on the other hand the reed switch Tr1 is opened, so that the drive member H1 is de-energized and the associated catching element falls into its closed position. A Current flow through the diode from the reed switch Tr1 to the drive H2 or from the reed switch Tr2 to drive H3 etc. is prevented by the polarity of the diode. After all Cows are locked up, they are milked. When the milking process is over, you have to to be released again together. For this purpose, the central control unit ZSt generates a Signal, which is provided as a driver Tr, normally open switching contact closes. Now the load current flows one after the other via the reed contacts T1, T2, ... TN and then via the closed switch Tr and from there in parallel via All drive elements HN to H1, in part via those in the forward direction polarized power diodes dN17 to dl, and then finally again. to the earth line. As a result, all catching organs are pivoted into the open position. Leave the cows now the milking parlor and the brackets 50 pivot back into their inactive position. Through this the magnets are spatially separated from the reed switches t1 to tN and Tr1 to TrN, so that they assume their normal switching position. Now the switch Tr is through the central control unit opened so that the load current. again only via Tr1 and H1 can flow to the earth line. It is obvious that the power lines can also consist of pneumatic lines.

In this case, the driver organs tl to tN and Tr1 to TrN around pneumatic valves, while the blocking devices dl to dN ~ 1 check valves which only let the air flow through in one direction.

The following is a concrete embodiment of the control system 10 will be explained. Mean t1 to lN normally closed reed contacts. Otherwise the structure is the same as the concrete one Embodiment of the control system according to FIG. 11.

The mode of operation is also analogous, with the exception that now the actuation current from the positive lead used to discharge the animals via the closed reed switches tl and via the drive elements H1 to HN and then flows through the power diodes d7 to three to earth.

A concrete embodiment of the control systems 8 and 9 will be explained. As driver organs t1 to tN, Tr1 up to TrN or e 1 to ZN thyristors or triacs are used. Any of these thyristors can be ignited by a brief ignition signal. This ignition signal is activated by the sensor 51 is provided. This can take the form of a permanent magnet, for example an ignition control device in the control unit 5t1 to StN act. The thyristors tl to tN are in the starting position of the milking parlor (before the instruction) not conductive. They are therefore ignited by actuating the sensors S1 to SN. On the other hand, the thyristors Tr1 to TrN are at this stage of the milking parlor conductive. The same applies to thyristors 1 to Ç ifN.

They must therefore be deleted when triggered by sensors S1 to SN will. In the case of thyristors with low power, the extinction can be done with the help of an extinguishing circuit via the control electrode. For thyristors with higher power, separate Extinguishing circuits required. In any case, however, the cancellation circuit of the sensors S1 to SN are triggered. Extinguishing circuits are known in large numbers. With an appropriate selection of the quenching circuit, the thyristor can be quenched Tr1 or

of the thyristor tl also by the ignition of the thyristor t1 be brought about. After the installation and imprisonment process have been completed the cows are milked then they have to be released again. For this purpose, all Control units Stl to StN have a signal applied to them by the central control unit, which leads to the fact that the control electrodes of the thyristors Trl to TrN or tv1 to GN are subjected to an ignition signal. As a result, all drive organs H1 to HN energized. All thyristors are now triggered.

All locking devices are in the open position and the cows are leaving Milking parlor. The milking parlor must now be reset to its original state0 To do this, the thyristors t1 to tN must be deleted. For this deletion can the backward movement of the sensor magnet 51 to SN can be used. This generates a reversely polarized signal in the control unit Stl to StN, which acts on the quenching circuit for the thyristors tl to tN and triggers them. In the case of specific embodiments, the common control line can also be omitted will. In this case the thyristors are controlled via the load current line. The thyristors are simply deleted by a disconnector in the load current line, which is operated by the central control unit. In this State, all catching organs are in the rest position, i.e. in the closed position. They remain in this position even when the circuit breaker is closed again will. The thyristor Trl must now be ignited. In the case of Fig0 9 must all thyristors Tl are ignited. For this purpose, the control units Stl to StN connected to the load current line, in such a way that it can be switched on again of the load current to an ignition signal for the thyristors # 1 to ZN or for the thyristor Tr1 leads0 The thyristors Tr2 to TrN are only activated during the training process ignited or extinguished. Of course, instead of the Thyristors can also be provided with transistors or other bistable electronic devices Solid state switch.

The following is a pneumatic embodiment of the control system are explained according to FIG. 8, in which the common control line is missing. For this reference is made to FIG. There is a control and drive module for each stand assigned. In FIG. 24, only one control module is shown in symbolic form shown, in different switch positions. The driver organ tn is in Form of a two / two-way valve provided. This is not in the normal position hatched. In the normal position it blocks the air flow.

The driver element Tr1 also has its normal position in FIG. 24a. It is therefore not hatched. In this normal position the vent is off leave the pneumatic cylinder closed while the inlet thereof is open is. In the actuating position of this valve, the vent outlet is reversed opened while the air inlet is closed. Both valves are from one spring applied, which is relaxed according to FIG. 24a. The valve tn is mechanical can be actuated by a sliding actuating rod 400. This is with connected to the operating bracket 50 and acts as a sensor. In Fig. 24a the operating rod takes 400 enter their resting position. A shut-off valve 402 is closed in this position. The valve Trn can be actuated with compressed air. The compressed air used for control does not get to the valve, however, because the shut-off valve 402 is closed. As control compressed air the compressed air is used to actuate the catch pipe. In the switching position shown in Fig. 24a of the valves, the pneumatic cylinder and the associated catching tube are actuated is opened.

In the starting position, n = 1 applies. The position is pneumatic Line of pressure P - 1. All subsequent catch pipes are closed. The assigned Valve position is explained below. Now the first animal enters the place and it acts on the displaceable actuating rod 400. This arrives a passage opening 404 in the area of the shut-off valve 402. Now that Valve Trn pressurized. It moves against the force of the spring in his other switch position, so that the pneumatic cylinder of the first stand is vented while the air inlet line is closed: is. The assigned Catch organ therefore folds down into its closed position. At the same time, the slidable rod also peaufschlagt of compressed air, which insofar a Exercises holding function. This is indicated by the arrow 406 in FIG. 24b. Simultaneously However, if the actuating rod 400 is also activated by the caged animal in the position shown in FIG. 24a, which is indicated by the symbol 408. In the Shifting the actuating rod 4Q4 to the left, the shut-off valve tn (in present case t1) shifted against the force of the spring and thus opened. Before the valve arrangement of the second stand is in the switching position according to FIG. 24a, but with the difference that the valve 402 is not acted upon by pressure so that the blackened part is missing. After actuation of the valve tl lies however, pressurization before, so that the valve device the state according to, Fig. 24a.

Now the same process is repeated up to the last stand. However, the valve tN is missing. The compressed air line is here in its place constantly locked.

All animals are then milked. Must after milking the animals are released. A pressure pulse via the main compressed air line is used for this. This process is shown in Figure 24a. The pressure is on Zero lowered (P = O). This eliminates the pressurization 406 of the displaceable Actuating rod 404. However, this is still activated by the caged animal held. It therefore remains in the position shown in Fig. 24c, so that the Valves tn all remain open.

On the other hand, however, there is no pressurization of the valves Trn (n = 1 to N), and these are returned to the normal position under the action of the compression spring moved back.

The valve Trn is therefore not hatched in FIG. 24c.

This opens the air inlet of the pneumatic cylinder, while the vent outlet is closed. The pneumatic cylinder will however not yet actuated because the air pressure initially still has the value zero. Further however, a lock now becomes effective, which is indicated by an arrow 410 is.

The locking member 410 is on the displaceable actuating rod 404 attached and takes an active position only when the operating rod assumes the left position according to FIG. 24c. If in this position the operating rod 404 valve Trn returns to the normal position under spring pressure, it will locked in this position by the locking member 410. Now is again the compressed air switched on. This in turn initially leads to pressurization the actuating rod 404. However, this does not change the switching state. Furthermore the valve Trn is also pressurized. However, this is now locked and therefore cannot be moved into its actuated position. On the other hand will but now the pneumatic cylinder is actuated, so that all catching tubes are in the open position be swiveled. The animals can now leave the milking parlor. This condition is shown in Figure 24d.

Now the air pressure is switched off again (P = This deactivates the Holding function of the air pressure eliminated and the operating rod 404 is under the influence of the compression spring of the valve tn again pushed into its right end position. As a result, all valves, tn are in turn blocked. On the other hand, the locking members 410 are also disengaged and the valves 402 are closed. Then again pressure is applied to the air pressure line and one returns to the state 24a, in which the first catching element is in the open position. The milking parlor is now ready for the next work cycle.

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Claims (100)

Claims Qi) Lock-in grid for cattle with lock-in officers, whose lateral boundaries hold the animals behind the head and their upper boundaries is formed by a movable catching organ that tIerauslleben the neck from the locking opening in the locked., closed position prevented and in the open Position allowed, characterized in that the catch member (12) as the unlocked The closed position is upwardly displaceable or upwardly pivotable, with in the normal opening position its center of gravity does not reach the top dead center. 2. cage, in particular according to claim 1, characterized in that that the catching element (12) in the closed position the upper limit (14) and / or a forms the upper part (16) of one of the lateral boundaries (7) of the confinement opening. 3. cage according to claim 2, characterized in that the Catch organ (12) - in the closed position, the upper half to the upper third of the side Limitation forms. 4. cage according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that that by offsetting the lateral boundaries (2,7) the locking openings are inclined stand for the direction of their sequence. 5. cage according to claim 4, characterized in that the Catching organs (12) in the closed position each have the upper part (16) of the one facing the animal, form lateral boundary (7). 6. cage according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that that the catching elements (12) can be pivoted about a horizontal pivot axis (10). 7. cage according to claim 6, characterized in that the Pivot axes (10) of the catching elements (12) parallel or at an angle to the direction of the sequence of the confinement openings. 8. cage according to claim 7, characterized in that the the end regions of the catching organs (12) facing the animals are curved laterally and downward are. 9. cage according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that that each catch element (12) is hinged to a horizontal bar (4) and is in the closed position partially applied to this. 10. cage according to claim 9, characterized gekennzeichne.t that each The spar (4) is formed from one side boundary of the locking opening Standpipe (2) extends rearward to a second fastening point. 11. A barrier according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that that the pivotable catching elements (12) are extended beyond the articulation point (10) are. 12. A barrier according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized; that the catching organs (12) have a common and / or a separate drive device in each case (H; H1-HN) is assigned or are for the opening and / or closing movement ~ the same against gravity. 13. Cage grid according to one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that that the catch member (12) in the closed position by positive interaction with locked to the caged animal. 14. Locking grid according to one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that that each catching element (12) is in the closed position by a locking element (21) is held. 15. Cage according to claims 12 bi. ' 14, characterized in that that the locking device (21) can be unlocked by the drive device (s) (H; Hi-HN) are. 16. Cage according to one of claims 14 or 15, characterized in that that the locking member (21) is designed to be self-locking. 17. cage according to claim 16, characterized in that the Locking member (21) as a lever rod (22) with one of the articulation axis (10) of the catching organ (12) different axis of rotation ~ (20) is formed and locking engages behind a nose (32) on the catching element (12). 18. cage according to claim 17, characterized in that the Drive device (s) (H; H1-HN) unlocking on the lever rod (22) or on the inactivatable nose (32) attacks or attack, the drive movement by Transferring the entrainment effect to the trapping organs (12). 19. A barrier according to any one of claims 12 to 1d, characterized in that that the drive device (s) (H; HI -HN) go out as a push or pull device (çn) .det is or are. 20. Cage according to one of claims 12 to 19, characterized by a control device (200) for selective control of the drives (H; H1-HN) the catching organs (12) and, if necessary, additional ones blocking the confinement openings Locking elements (72) and the associated locking elements. 21. cage according to claim 20, characterized in that the Control device (200) responsive to a seat instruction trigger (ST) for orderly place instruction the catching organs (12) progressing successively from the back to the front to release the lock-in openings. 22. Cage, in particular according to claim 21, characterized in that that a successive or simultaneous control by a rear, preferably the sensor (51) assigned to the rearmost, open confinement opening can be triggered, which responds to the animal entering there. 23. cage according to claim 22, characterized in that at least several of the lock-in openings and preferably all lock-in openings each have a sensor (Si-SN), which responds to the intruding animal. 24. cage according to claim 23, characterized in that each only the sensor (S1-SN) assigned to an open confinement opening is effective. 25. A barrier according to any one of claims 20 to 24, characterized in that that the control device (200) atff responds to a lock-in release and all catching organs (12) controls to close the lock-in openings simultaneously or successively. 26. cage according to claim 25, characterized in that the Lock-up trigger as an animal taking on the correct lock-up position more responsive sensor (S1) assigned to the rearmost confinement opening is. 27. A barrier according to any one of claims 20 to 24, characterized in that that at least several of the confinement openings and preferably each confinement opening a sensor is assigned to each, which points to the respective, the correct locking position engaging animal responds and the catching organ (12) of the associated confinement opening and / or the catching organ or catching organs (12) of a rear, preferably the next back, lock-in opening or group of lock-in openings. 28. A barrier according to one of claims 26 and 27, characterized in that that the sensors assigned to the group of the second through (N-1) -th confinement openings (52-so 1) also act as sensors for the course instruction. 29. A barrier according to any one of claims 20 to 28, characterized in that that the control device (200) responds to a discharge trigger (SE) and all catching organs (12) progressing simultaneously or successively from the rearmost to the front opens and, if necessary, each open catch element (12) before opening of the next foremost, still closed fangoran, preferably in response to the Sensor controls again. 30. Locking grid, in particular according to claim 29, characterized in that that the control device (200) responds to milking cluster removal processes and in each case the catching element (12) assigned to a removed milking cluster or that of a closed one Group of removed milking devices associated catching organs (12) opens. 31. cage according to claim 30, characterized in that the in each case foremost, opened catching organ (12) by at least one already finished milked but still caged animal separated from the milk-giving animals is. 32. Lock-in grid, in particular according to one of claims 20 to 31 characterized in that the control device (200) also has an entrance gate (ET) and an exit gate (AT) of the milking parlor controls. 33; A barrier according to claim 32, characterized in that the Sensor (SN) of the foremost confinement opening that controls the entrance gate (ET). 34. A barrier according to one of claims 32 or 33, characterized in that; that the control device (200) in the control used for the release of animals the catching organ (12) also controls the exit gate (AT). 35. A barrier according to any one of claims 32 to 34. characterized in that the entrance gate (ET) and the exit gate (AT) move into the closed position under their own weight and preferably -as horizontally or vertically movable or around a horizontal -or vertical Axis pivotable gates are formed. 36. Lock-in grid, in particular according to one of claims 12 to 35, characterized in that each catching element (12) and, if necessary, each blocking element (72) and, if applicable, the entrance gate (ET) and the exit gate (AT) a separate, One-way or two-way solenoid drive or controlled, pneumatic or hydraulic drive or electric motor drive or mechanical Is assigned to the drive. 37. A barrier according to any one of claims 12 to 35, characterized in that that all catching organs (12) have a common manual drive, solenoid drive or Solenoid-controlled, pneumatic or hydraulic drive or electric motor drive assigned. 38. cage according to claim 37, characterized in that all Catch organs (12) or a part of the catch organs (12), each via an actuating energy store (105), preferably a compression spring or torsion spring, and one that can be switched on and off Coupling (Kn) are connected to the common drive device (u). 39. A barrier according to any one of claims 36 to 38, characterized by a central control unit (ZSt), which the signals from the sensors (S1-SN) receives and controls a central driver circuit (Tr), each of which has a power supply line is connected to the individual drives (Hi-HN). 40. Lock-in grid according to one of Claims 35 to 37, characterized by a central control unit (ZSt), which receives the signals from the sensors (S1-SN) and sends actuation signals to individual driver circuits (TrI -TrN), di.e in Series are connected to the drive units (H1-HN), which are connected by a common Energy supply line can be acted upon. 41. A barrier according to any one of claims 35 to 37, characterized in that that each individual drive (H1-HN) is assigned an individual control unit (St1-StN), wherein the sensor (Sn; n = 1-N) is the associated control unit (Stn) and / or one or more rear, preferably next rear, control unit or one or several front, preferably next front control units (Stn + 1) with a control signal acted upon, in the sense of a shutdown or a rapid circuit of the associated drive organ. 42. cage according to claim 41, characterized in that all Control units (Stl-StN) from a central control unit (ZSt) to discharge the Animals and to restore an initial state are controllable, namely either via a separate control line or via the main energy supply line. 43. A barrier according to any one of claims 36 to 38, characterized in that that two driving organs (tn or Trn) are assigned to each stand (n = 1-N), the first driver elements (tn) in each case in series in the main power supply line lie and these normally block, while all other driver organs (Trn) connected in series with the associated drive elements (H1-HN) parallel to one another are switched and normally allow the supply of energy to the drive element (Hn), and wherein each sensor (Sn) has both driver elements via an associated control unit (Stn) (tn resp. Trn) reverses in the sense of a selective lock-up and clearance. 44. cage according to claim 43, characterized in that all Control units (St1-StN) from a central control unit (ZSt) via a common Control management in the sense of a joint release of all animals or one Restoration of the initial state of the milking parlor can be controlled. 45. cage according to claim 43, characterized in that one additional power supply line is shared across all the inlets of the drive organs (H1-HN) extends, with between the connection points of the drive elements (H1-HN) organs (d1-dN 1) blocking the flow of energy in one direction and / or sensor-controlled driver are provided. 46. A barrier according to any one of claims 36 to 38, characterized in that that each stand two driver organs (tl or 1) are assigned, the first Group of driver circuits (tl to tN) each connected in series in the main power supply line while the other group of driver circuits (-N) is also connected in series in the energy return line (e.g. grounding line), and where the first Group of driver organs (tl-tN) is normally open, while the second group of driver organs (1- LN) is normally closed, and where the two Driver organs of each stand from a respective individual control unit (St1-StN), which receive a control signal from the assigned sensor (S1-SN) receives. 47. cage according to claim 46, characterized in that the Control unit (St1-StN) Control signals from a central control unit via a common control line receives for the purpose of discharging the animals and the Restoration of the initial state. 48. cage according to claim 46, characterized by a separate Energy return line, which connects all outputs of the drive units (H1-HN) and connects to the energy source (e.g. earth) via a driver element (Tr), wherein the driver element (Tr) can be controlled by the central control unit (ZSt) and wherein in the sections of the additional power line between two outlets two drive organs one organ blocking the flow of energy in one direction (dl'dN-l and / or sensor-controlled driver. 49. Locking gate according to one of Claims 36 to 48, characterized in that that the control device (200) has an electrical logic circuit for linking the Actuation states of the seat instruction release (ST) and / or the sensors (S1-SN) and / or the confinement trigger and / or the sensors and / or the discharge trigger (, sE) and / or the cluster removal devices with the drives (H1-HN) or with the common drive H) and the couplings (K1-KN) and possibly with the interlocks of the catching devices (12) and, if applicable, the locking devices (72) and optionally the input port (ET) and the output port (AT). 50. cage according to claim 49, characterized in that on the open and closed positions of the drives or catching tubes limit switches respond, which intervene in the electrical logic circuit. 51. A barrier according to one of claims 49 or 50, characterized in that that the electrical logic circuit is a relay circuit. 52. cage according to claim 51, characterized in that the Relay circuit for successive seat instruction control and / or lock-in control and / or discharge control and possibly to control the entrance gate (ET) and output gate (AT) a sequence relay with at least one contact pair each for each containment opening or group of containment openings. 53. A barrier according to one of claims 51 or 52, characterized in that that the drive (H1-HN) of each catching organ (12) by a holding relay '(RI-RN) is controlled. 54. cage according to claim 53, characterized in that the rearmost holding relay (RI) can be excited by a start switch (ST) and that the other holding relay (R2-RN) through the sensor (S1-SN) of a further back, preferably the next rear, locking opening are excitable. 55. cage according to claim 53, characterized in that in the The excitation circuit of the second to the nth holding relay (R2-RN) is normally open Contact (r1-ru 1) of the next holding relay (R1-RN 1) is located. 56. A barrier according to any one of claims 53 to 55, characterized in that that in the drive circuit (tI1-HN) of each catching organ there is a lock-in control normally closed contact (iE-rN + 1) one further front located, preferably the next front, holding relay (R1-RN + 1). 57. A barrier according to any one of claims 53 to 56, characterized in that that a normally open contact (rl) of the first holding relay (R1) in the drive circuit of the entrance gate (ET). 58. A barrier according to any one of claims 53 to 57, characterized in that that the sensor (SN) of the foremost confinement opening is an additional holding relay (RN + 1), .that controls the drive circuit with one normally closed contact each (IIN) of the foremost catching tube (12) and, if applicable, the drive of the entrance gate (ET) controls. 59. A barrier according to any one of claims 53 to 58, characterized in that that all holding relays (R1-RN + 1) each have a normally closed contact (rW + z) are de-excitable. 60. A barrier according to any one of claims 53 to 59, characterized in that that the drives (HI-HN) of all catching organs, if necessary, share the exit gate (AT) by a discharge switch (SE), if necessary by another holding relay (RE) are controllable. 61. A barrier according to one of claims 49 and 50, characterized in that that the electrical logic circuit consists of electronic logic gates. 62. cage according to claim 61, characterized in that each locking opening to a separate output 1-QN) of a shift register (210) whose clock input (T) receives the signals from the sensors (S1-SN) via .eine Sequence selection circuit (221) receives. 63. cage according to claim 62, characterized in that the Parallel shift register (210) for storing the starting position of the milking parlor Has inputs. 64. A barrier according to one of claims 62 or 63, characterized in that that the shift register has a clear input for resetting all outputs. 65. A barrier according to any one of claims 62 to 64, characterized in that that the shift register (210) has a downstream, additional output (QN + l) has that the entrance gate (ET) via an additionally controlled by the start signal Logic circuit controls. 66. A barrier according to any one of claims 62 to 65, characterized in that that the sequence selection circuit (221y for each sensor (S1-SN) has an AND element (AND1-N) whose outputs are common to the clock input (T) of the shift register (210) are performed and their second input with that of the same confinement opening associated output (Q1-QN) of the shift register (210) is connected. 67. A barrier according to any one of claims 62 to 66, characterized in that that the outputs (Q1-QN + 1) of the shift register (210) the driver circuits of the separate drive devices (H1-HN) of the catching organs (12) and the entrance gate Activate (ET) directly. 68. A barrier according to any one of claims 62 to 67, characterized in that that in the case of a common one each via a coupling (K1-KN) and each one actuation energy storage (105) with the catching organs (12) connected drive (I-I) the output (Q1-QN) of the Scilieberegisters (210) directly associated with the catch organs (12) Magnetic locks (V1-VN) are connected, while the outputs (Q2-QN + 1) are connected to the solenoid control devices for the clutches (K1-KN) are connected. 69. A barrier according to any one of claims 62 to 68, characterized in that that a control device (200) whose shift register (210) for the largest possible Number of locking openings of a milking parlor is designed, also for milking parlors with a smaller number of containment openings is used. 70. A barrier according to one of claims 49 or 50, characterized in that that the electrical logic circuit. a sequence program memory (250) with a Program for calculating the respective circuit functions and a microprocessor (251) as well as an input input. circuit (252) for selecting the according to the respective read program command Input signals to be linked in the microprocessor circuit (ST, S1-SN, SE, H1-HN), an output control circuit (253) for controlling the in the respective program command designated output (H1-HN, IIA, HE) and a control part (254). 71. Cage according to one of claims 61 to 70, characterized by a multiplex transmission system with a multiplexer for the central control unit and one multiplex receiving system each, m for the individual confinement openings, where each lock-in opening is assigned a channel with positions for the control signals, for the drives (FI1-HN; V1-VN and K1-KN) and for the message signals of the sensors (S1-SN) and for the feedback signals (HI-HN; V1-VN). 72. Cage according to one of claims 41 or 42, characterized in that that the control unit (t1-StN) is a bistable flip-flop, preferably a flip-flop, includes, and that all flip-flops or flip-flops (330 in the manner of a shift register are chained together and that the outputs are each linked to the driver organs are. -73. A barrier according to claim 72, characterized in that the signals of the sensors (S1-SN) the clock inputs (T) of all flip-flops (330) of all Stands can be supplied together. 74. Catch gate according to one of claims 72 or 73, characterized in that that the sensors (S1-SN) are each locked by a locking device (342) which are determined by the output signal of the respectively assigned flip-flop, (330) is unlockable. 75. A barrier according to any one of claims 72 to 73, characterized in that that the flip-flops are set or reset jointly via set signals or reset signals can be. 76. Locking gate according to one of claims 62 to 69 or 72 to 75, characterized in that the rear exit at the beginning of the discharge process of the shift register is set to control and that this information is below Clock control through signals derived from the sensors successively either under further input of control signals or with input of control signals to the Exit is pushed. 77. A barrier according to any one of claims 39 to 48, characterized in that that the driver organs are reed switches and by animal-controlled application are reversible with a magnetic field. 78. A barrier according to any one of claims 1 to 77, characterized in that that switches, locks, couplings and / or drive elements for opening or Closure of the catching organs can be directly actuated mechanically by the animal via the sensor are. 79. cage according to claim 78, characterized in that the The focus of each catching organ (12) is behind the articulation point (10) and that each catching organ by a pivotable plate engaging behind a nose (32) (40) is locked. 80. cage according to claim 79, characterized in that each Plate (40) over a tube (42) extending to the next rear space and a The actuating plate (48) fastened there can be actuated in a sensor-controlled manner. 81. A barrier according to any one of claims 78 to 80, characterized in that that all plates by a continuous rod (42) via driver (64) simultaneously or can be operated successively. 82. cage according to claim 78, characterized in that each Locking opening is assigned a locking member (72) through the rear end of the The catching organ (12) moved beyond the normal open position into the under tension locked closed position can be brought. 83. cage according to claim 78, characterized in that on rear end of each catching organ (12) selectively into one, preferably free depending, position for front center of gravity or one, preferably locked swiveled up, position for the rear center of gravity can be brought, and indeed if necessary under common control or under selective sensor control. 84. Locking gate according to one of claims 1 to 77, characterized in that that the switches, interlocks, couplings and / or drive elements for opening or closing of the catching organs can be controlled pneumatically. 85. Cage according to claim 84 and preferably one of the claims 43 to 48, characterized in that the series-connected driver elements can be actuated by sensors Shut-off valves are. 86. cage according to claim 85, characterized in that the Shut-off valves and / or the compressed air can be kept in the actuated position. 87. A barrier according to one of claims 85 or 86, characterized in that that the driver organs (Trn) connected in parallel are reversible multi-way valves. 88. cage according to claim 87, characterized in that the reversible multi-way valves are pneumatically operated. 89. cage according to claim 88, characterized in that the pneumatic actuation with the actuation of the shut-off valves, preferably via another shut-off valve is coupled. 90. A barrier according to any one of claims 84 to 89, characterized in that that the multi-way valves are actuated in the non-actuated position by the associated Shut-off valve can be locked. 91. A barrier according to any one of claims 1 to 90, characterized in that that each containment opening has a feed trough and an attractant metering device is assigned. 92. Cage, in particular according to claim 91, characterized in that that the control of the bait dosing device (L1-LN) with the control of the confinement openings is coupled. 93. A barrier according to one of claims 91 or 92, characterized in that that the Loclcfutter-Dosing devices (L1-LN) from a central computer feeding device can be controlled. 94. A barrier according to claim 93, characterized in that dal3 an identification receiver (KE1-KEN) is assigned to each locking opening, which is based on a identification mark carried by the animal (KM1-KMN). 95. A barrier according to claim 94, characterized in that; that of the output signal of the identification receiver (KE1-KEN) a sensor signal for the control the confinement openings and, if applicable, the entrance gate, 96 A barrier according to claim 93, characterized in that a common, on from the animals with delicate identification tags (KM1-KMN) appealing identification recipient (KE1.KEN) is arranged behind the entrance gate (ET) and that a feeding control device the reading out the corresponding p'feeding data for the message read in each case and the assigned bait dosing device. 97. cage according to claim 96, characterized in that the Feeding control means comprises a shift register (304) which is passed through by the Identifiers derived clock signals is controlled and its N parallel outputs a number of N intermediate stores assigned to the individual bait dosing devices (Z1-ZN) controls. 98. A barrier according to any one of claims 91 to 97, characterized in that that the input can be switched to either an active or an inactive position Lock device is assigned, which ensures that a control relationship animal coming to the identification recipient must enter the milking parlor. 99. A barrier according to any one of claims 9, 1 to 98, characterized in that that the caged, eating animals are locked up by a time control be held until the served concentrate portions are consumed. 100. Cage grid according to one of claims 91 to 99, characterized in that that the feeding level is automatic several times during the day under time control Operating cycles is subjected, in the order of closure of the exit gate and the trapping organs - opening of the entrance gate - place instruction - feeding - time-controlled simultaneous or successive discharge, preferably with the previous one Control of the rear confinement openings that have already become free, under control of the exit gate, whereby the time control can be reversed to a short lock-in period, if zero portions are read from the feeding data memory (300).