DE2815183A1 - ALARM, SECURITY AND MONITORING SYSTEM - Google Patents

Abstract

The fixed alarm system partly or entirely mobile, comprises a multi-channel system with lateral inhibition, a switch operating on a hit-or-miss mode, one or more AND logic circuits connected in a chain configuration or in combination with said elements, and provides a protection against failure to operate, breakdown, sabotage and false alarm.

Description

Alarm system: with increased protection against operational

Failures, malfunctions, sabotage and false alarms, especially with partially mobile ones Execution.

Description and claims: Field of application: The invention affects all types of alarm, security and surveillance systems, in particular however (partially) mobile systems.

State of the art and criticism of the state of the art: Are known on the sensor side especially video cameras, ultrasonic detectors, infrared detectors, electromagnetic field detectors that work in the microwave range, field barriers e.g.

IR light barriers, capacitive detectors, seismic detectors, field circuits, Glass break sensors, reed and double reed contacts, etc. These notifiers will always be autonomous, i.e. each individual detector used as a single unit.

On the transmission side there are alarm systems with their own wiring, there is signal transmission through the power grid, as well as signal transmission via radio.

However, all of these types of transmission channels are only ever available individually used, i.e. without combination, communication or (cross) correlation with one another.

In particular with mobile systems that are either used as message transmission using the power grid or working by radio, there is a high susceptibility to interference in signal transmission that either through a high failure rate, or through too frequent, annoying false positives. With conventional However, VDS systems with their own cable routing also result, despite more difficult Differential quiescent current circuits have a high false alarm rate and susceptibility to sabotage. The same applies to sensors (also in VDS design) that are used individually and therefore have to be greatly reduced in sensitivity so as not to be permanent Trigger a false alarm.

The redundancy of all these conventional systems is too low, in order to be able to guarantee a relatively safe and secure operation.

Task: The invention is based on the task of the known Susceptibility to failure, such as failures, false alarms, possibilities of sabotage, etc. To greatly reduce alarm security and monitoring systems (especially the partially mobile ones), or switch it off completely.

Solution: This object is achieved according to the invention in that a Multi-channel system with lateral inhibition ands or all-or-nothing switching, logical AND circuit or a chain of logical AND circuits and reciprocal Monitoring is used.

This is essentially done through a combination of known systems achieved.

This combination of the known systems is essential in some cases new circuits and devices, but the effect beyond the combination still deliver significantly increased security and operability moments.

Essentially, this is the case at all transmission levels Signal transmission system around riehr canal systems with increased redundancy.

Sensor side: Here at least two sensors should be different Operations that are to monitor the same security field with regard to the alarm indicator with lateral inhibition and / or all-or-nothing switching, i.e. e.g. in logic IRID circuit or a chain of logical AND circuits can be linked. This logic closed circuit corresponds essentially to closed circuit current an electrical parallel connection. The quiescent current circuit should of course be as possible can be refined to a differential current circuit.

For the standard execution of a commercial room surveillance system In particular, parallel connections of infrared sensors and ultrasonic sensors are ideal at.

Compensate for the different response times and sensor delivery times e.g. every gate setting device (for lateral inhibition) or

every logical AND circuit (in the all-or-nothing circuit ) provided with a coincidence fuse and a reciprocal short-term storage will.

This means that a contact holding device on both, or all Channels must be present, which the first incoming signal lasts at least as long as until the second signal has a chance to coincide. About opportunities for sabotage switch off, this signal holding circuit must of course operate for a limited time.

Both the reciprocal gate position or the chain of logical AND circuits provide a high level of protection against false alarms, since the sensor signals are only processed into an alarm signal if an alarm signal is sent to the processor of the Detector comes in at what is untrue.

e.g.

The coincidence is ensured by the mutual signal holding circuit.

From this AND circuit a tamper alarm message is sent to the differential current circuit concerns, of course not affected: A disturbance of the differential current also one Sensor automatically leads to a general or special alarm; namely is at the end of each signal path a responsive to disturbances of the signal path, one A circuit to trigger an alarm is provided. It is useful to have one of the alarms Burglary, the "main alarm" triggered a different alarm At the end of each signal path, it must be connected to a non-element, the output of which is connected to an OR element is connected, the output of which is connected to a separate alarm transmitter connected is.

It can be true that by chance only one or the other wrongly addresses other of these different feelers. But it is very unlikely and can in any case by appropriate selection and arrangement of the different Sensors are practically avoided that all sensors respond incorrectly at the same time; only in the event of a real break-in, i.e. in an emergency, do the different, e.g. sensors attached to a window or door or in a room at the same time a signal is emitted, the AND condition is fulfilled, a signal appears on the alarm transmitter, the alarm is triggered.

There is now the risk of false reports from a single sensor is switched off, the sensors can be set to be far more sensitive than before which means that safety and reliability are increased.

The alarm system can also be designed in both known ways be. The invention can therefore be largely modified. Quickly settable.

An alarm system according to the invention can also be used to protect against burglary e.g.

also for monitoring machines or production systems or even Regulation be provided.

In addition to the permanently installed transmission line of the alarm system The alarm transmission via the power grid and / or radio is now an option.

This multi-channel method is of course particularly interesting for partially mobile systems, i.e. in particular a combination of signal transmission via the power grid and by radio.

This multi-channel system is quite informal a major advantage over all previous mobile systems, namely the Monitoring the power supply! A failure of the power grid as well as energy dispenser as well as a message transmission system, e.g. immediately from the detector can be reported to the control center by radio.

A corresponding remanence circuit (safety circuit e.g. as a residual current circuit) on the input side of the control center can of course also be a Failure of the lighting network can be noticed directly by the control center itself, without this requiring confirmation by the reporter himself.

Any power failure at the alarm device will also be the head office Reported via the power grid itself by the absence of the idle 'current' pulses.

(i.e. the message via radio (only) forms an increase in redundancy or alarm confirmation) Radio interference (e.g. continuous radio of higher intensity) also triggers on this frequency band) at the central radio channel alarm.

This must now be confirmed via the network, e.g. by sensor-induced Encoder alarm or by power supply failure-induced weber alarm or by Sabotage-induced power grid transmission alarm, (see above) etc.

In addition to the possibility of a multi-channel signal transmission system through To achieve expansion and combination of the hardware, there is also the The possibility of creating a multi-channel system by expanding the software, e.g. by having several different signal transmission frequency bandwidths on one and the same hardware channel used as eftra channels.

The stable housing of all units of the alarm system (detector, control panel, Encoders and effector boxes are equipped with structure-borne sound detectors to prevent sabotage.

The activation of these separate circuits, via which the structure-borne noise message extra, is delayed in order to avoid false alarms from authorized operators (e.g. general arming, Loop arming at the control center).

Separate circles mean a special (partially) separate message transmission system, (except for operation current and bunker frequencies) as normal operation.

Entrance side of the central office: Also the entrance side of the central office has, analogous to the input side of the detector with regard to the sensors, via a logical one AND circuit with coincidence circuit, i.e. for example alternating channel short-term memory. Here, too, there is only an alarm evaluation when lateral inhibition is 'simultaneous' an alarm signal is reported on both channels, unless there is already a sabotage message which already led to the alarm provided, in addition to mutual channel interference detection.

Here, too, all housings should be secured by vibration detectors who have their own alarm system and e.g. in the case of the coding keypad are connected to this via a delay circuit.

The same applies to the corresponding double reed contacts on the lockable ones Housing openings.

These diverse alarm evaluation options and sabotage protection devices can via microprocessors with regard to the evaluation and monitoring with each other get connected.

Effector side: The effectors are also via a multi-channel connection connected to the previous 'instance' (e.g. head office).

This multi-channel system is with lateral inhibition or all-or-nothing switching equipped.

In the case of a multi-channel system without a system's own fixed line, the Localization of an alarm by a lawbreaker does not allow any conclusions to be drawn about the Location of the control center, sensors, etc.

The illustrated drawing examples are only intended to explain the invention but do not limit the scope.

They show: FIG. 1 a first switching arrangement for protecting several Rooms of a building, Fig. 2 a simplest possibility of linking channels, Fig. 3 to 6 circuit examples with two sensors, each of which has multiple channels a lateral inhibition circuit are linked to one another, FIG. 7 shows a circuit arrangement with AND gates arranged in parallel, FIG. 8 shows a circuit arrangement with in series connected AND gates, Fig. 9 shows a circuit for malfunction alarm.

1 shows a first possible circuit arrangement in block diagram form. The sensors S1, S2, S3 are connected to sub-detectors TM1, TM2 and TM3, which in the event of an alarm act on a main alarm HM1, HM2, HM3. The main reporters are switched to a control center, which sends the alarm message (s) to one or more Pass on alarm transmitter, here e.g. four, G2, G3, G4. About arming / disarming SUS, which is connected to the control center, can put the system in operation or out of operation be set.

According to the invention, multichannel connections are made between all switching units intended. It concerns here z. B. to secure several rooms in a building. Here, the channel K1 can be part of an existing line system. Channel K2 - shown in dashed lines - can be installed specifically for the alarm system Represent cable network. Finally, the channel K3 - drawn here in dash-dotted lines - can mean a radio transmission path.

The sensors can be, for. B. to ultrasonic detectors, infrared detectors, electromagnetic field detectors working in the microwave range, field barriers, capacitive detectors, Structure-borne sound detectors, glass break sensors, video cameras, reed and double reed contacts Act.

The alarm devices can be optical and acoustic devices, act like flashing signals and sirens or telephone dialers.

In the illustration according to Fig. 1, for example, the sensor 2 is activated and gives commands to the control center via sub-detectors TM2 and main detectors HM2, which here e.g. activates all four alarm transmitters G1 to G4.

Partial detectors and main detectors can also be used in a single unit ', i.e. housing. In this case it is of course unnecessary the need for a three-channel connection between these two links, as shown for TM3 and HM3.

The individual signal channels Kl, K2 and K3 can open in the event of an alarm the interact or be linked to each other in various ways (lateral inhibition, All-or-nothing circuit, i.e. e.g. logical AND circuit or chain of logical ones AND circuits, with which parallel or

associated channels are coupled, gate valves, ring counters, Footsteps and the like).

One of the simplest linking options for channels K1, K2 K3 is shown with reference to Fig.2. In the event of an alarm, the S1 sensor emits a signal via the channels K1, K2, K3, which are detected by a logical AND circuit and sent to the alarm transmitter be passed on. In the simplest case, from the input of the AND element to to the alarm transmitter everything can be accommodated in a switching unit SE.

Figures 3 to 6 show circuit examples in which at least two sensors each multi-channel with each other via a lateral inhibition circuit are linked and and via a control center with arming / disarming on one or several alarm devices act.

The individual channels of the multi-channel output path of each individual Sensors are also through a lateral inhibition circuit (Fig.) Or through an all-or-nothing connection.

In Fig. 3 there are two sensors 51, S2 via differential quiescent current channels D1, D2, connected to evaluators A1 and A2, which are connected to three channels K1, K2, K3 respectively are connected to a lateral inhibition switching element L1. From there that comes Multi-channel signal again via another lateral inhibition circuit (Fig.!) or all-or-nothing switching to the control center, and from there accordingly again other individual transmitters, such as siren, flashing light and telephone dialer G1, G2, G3.

With the circuit according to fig. 4 are the evaluators Al, A2 etc. with the Lateral inhibition switching element combined into a unit ALI or in a housing. A multi-channel connection between evaluators and inhibition switching element is not required and is reduced to a normal connection.

In the embodiment according to FIG. 5, the sensor and the evaluator are each in a building belt SA resp.

arranged in a housing. A multi-channel connection between Sensor and evaluator are therefore not required.

In the circuit arrangement according to FIG. 6, the lateral inhibition circuit is combined with the central unit to form a unit LIZ or in a housing.

7 shows a circuit in which the sensors S1 to S3 and Evaluation Al to A3 via three channels K1, K2, K3 WiD elements are connected downstream, which run together via a detector to the control center.

The AND gates are thus practically connected in parallel in the signal paths. AND elements and indicators are preferably in a unit UM or a housing arranged.

in the figure. 8 shows a circuit in which four sensors S1 to S4 via Jusaserter A1 to A4 to an illes-or-nothing circuit, here one Series connection of AND gates UR are connected, the individual AND gates-r - here four - are equipped with memories for coincidence backup, which the possible Signals arriving one after the other from channels K1, K2, K3 at short intervals Wait to save (compensation of the different response times). From the AND series connection UR the signal is then passed on to the control center and from there to the transmitter.

For the sake of simplicity, the lines are included here after evaluators simple lines shown. They are of course multi-channel again, e.g.

in three channels.

Fig. 9 shows a circuit for fault alarm.

At the end of each signal path K1, K2, K3 there is a NOT element, whose outputs are connected to an OI) ER element. The output of the OR gate is connected to a separate alarm transmitter for fault alarm GST, which in the event of a fault, there is a different alarm from the alarm transmitter G.

In the simplified circuit here is the normal alarm device G Again a circuit similar to that in FIG. 2 is connected upstream (AND element).

The arming / disarming system of this alarm system is shown in Figure-'O outlined.

For increased security, the functions are divided into units here and separated, circuit blocks divided into subunits -Cmd also separated.

The signals are transmitted between these units also via a multi-channel system. This parry has the advantage of being a lawbreaker E.g. when determining one unit, do not determine the location of the other units can, as is the case with conventional, directly wired systems.

This arrangement is useful, but by no means necessary.

A system without internal wiring, as shown in Figure 10, could consist of the following blocks: The individual signal evaluator is permanently connected to the control center for the elements of the code that turn the code sequence into an arming or disarming signal evaluates and transforms for the headquarters.

This input part of the central unit is made by the code setting unit externally coded.

The connection between the central internal individual signal evaluator and the code setting unit is expediently constructed without any big wiring.

It is also useful to establish the connection between the individual signal evaluator and the individual signal generator for coding without self-wiring.

All transmission paths, including those without self-wiring, should of course be implemented in a redundancy-increasing multi-channel system.

The single signal generator for coding for arming / disarming has of course a pushbutton transducer as input for the coding keyboard, the direct manual switching element for arming / disarming.

Time locks and others can of course also be used instead of coding keypads Switching elements are used.

The coding should be digital if possible, i.e. e.g. a separate frequency or characteristic frequency for each separate code number Pulse train. In particular, the radio frequencies and pulse sequences should also be digital be sharply separated from each other. Likewise those about the power grid. this results in a high number of possible combinations with little sabotage or Danger of malfunction.

L e r s e i t e

Claims (44)

PATENT CLAIMS 1) Alarm, security and monitoring system with at least one sensor and at least one alarm transmitter and at least one arm, Disarming, with or without intermediate links such as alarm detectors, control panels, etc., characterized in that each signal connection between these functional groups consists of at least two independent signal paths (transmission channels). 2) Alarm, security and monitoring system with multi-channel signal transmission system according to claim 1, characterized in that associated channels, data and Signal transmission paths are linked by a logical AND circuit. 3 'Alarm, security and monitoring system with multi-channel system according to Claim 1, characterized in that these channels according to lateral inhibition cooperate. 4) Alarm, security and monitoring system with a multi-channel system and lateral inhibition according to claim 1, characterized in that the lateral Inhibition by a logical AND circuit or a chain of logical AND circuits is achieved, with the respective parallel or Associated channels can be linked. 5) Alarm, security and monitoring system with a multi-channel system according to claim 1 and correspondingly following, characterized in that the chain of logical AND circuits through corresponding surrogates, such as shift registers, Ring counters, stepping mechanisms, etc., is replaced. 6) Alarm, security and monitoring system with a multi-channel system and interaction according to lateral inhibition according to claim 1 and accordingly following, characterized in that the lateral inhibition by mutual adjustment devices of filters and gates is constructed. 7) Alarm, security and monitoring systems with a multi-channel system and lateral inhibition by filter and gate according to claim 1 and corresponding following, characterized in that the lateral inhibition or filter or Gate setting for the absence of a signal or a corresponding modulation the rest activity reacts 8) Alarm, security and monitoring systems with multi-channel signal transmission system according to claim 1, characterized in that these channels monitor each other mutually. 9) Alarm, security and monitoring systems with a multi-channel system according to claim 1 and 2, characterized in that the various channels through an all-or-nothing circuit are coupled. 10) Alarm, security and monitoring systems with a multi-channel system according to claim 1 and 2, characterized in that the lateral inhibition by an all-or-nothing circuit is represented. 11) Alarm, security and surveillance systems with a multi-channel system according to claim 1, 2, 4a, characterized in that the all-or-nothing circuit built up by a logical AND circuit or a chain of AND circuits is. 12 alarm, security and monitoring systems with a multi-channel system according to claims 1 and correspondingly following, characterized in that the chain of logical AND circuits through corresponding surrogates, such as stepping mechanisms, Shift register @ ring counter etc. is replaced. 53) alarm system with Nehrkanal½ertragunssystem according to claim 4, characterized marked, aass the logical AND circuit in the quiescent current version or differential current version or in particular between sensor and detector, through an electrical parallel connection formed azird. , 3ei differential current with differential compensator and differential comparator) 14) alarm system with at least one sensor, characterized in that at the end Each signal path has an alarm that responds to disturbances in the same signal path triggering circuit is provided. 15) Alarm, security and monitoring system with at least one Alarm transmitter and a signal connection between alarm transmitter and alarm transmitter, with or without intermediate stage, such as headquarters, etc., characterized in that on or in the monitored object (fixed in a room) at least two on different, but with every alarm event, especially burglary) unavoidably occurring- physical appearance responsive sensors are provided that the same Capture monitoring zone that has an AND link or a chain of AND links or their surrogates such as shift registers, stepping mechanisms, ring counters, etc. Verbilenden are, the resulting output with or without intermediate links is connected to the alarm transmitter. 16) alarm, signaling and monitoring systems according to claim 1 and according to Claim 15, characterized in that the sensors have a lateral inhibition are connected to each other. 17) Alarm, security and monitoring systems according to claim 16 characterized in that the lateral inhibition by logical AND circuit, or by a chain of IJnd circuits or their surrogates, such as shift registers, ring counters, stepping mechanisms etc. Is made. 18) alarm, security and monitoring system according to claim 1 and according to claim 15, characterized in that the sensors have an all-or-nothing circuit are connected to each other. 19) alarm, security and monitoring system, according to claim 18 characterized in that the all-or-nothing circuit by a logical AND circuit or a chain of AND circuits or their 3 surrogates, such as shift registers, Stepping mechanisms, ring counters, etc. is carried out. 20) alarm system with multi-channel transmission system according to claim 3, characterized in that each individual channel interferes with each other channel can report through a special device. 21) Alarm systems according to claim 1 and correspondingly following, characterized characterized in that the channel self-monitoring according to claim 4, mutual external channel monitoring according to claim 5 cooperate according to the principle of lateral inhibition. 22) alarm systems according to claim 1 and correspondingly following, characterized characterized in that at the end of each signal path a non-member is connected, its Output is connected to an OR element, the output of which is connected to a separate Alarm transmitter is connected. 23) alarm system according to claim 1 and accordingly the following thereby characterized that at each end of the channel or at each lateral inhibition member, or elements of the all or nothing circuit, the 3rd nd element, a coincidence detection circuit provided that the different response times of combined sensors, the different transition times of different iXanals and the different ones Processing times of the relevant intermediate links so that they do not endanger the coincidence. 24) Alarm, security and surveillance systems with a multi-channel system according to claim 1 and the corresponding following, as well as channel couplings according to claim 2 4, 9 and the corresponding following, as well as with coincidence protection according to claim 23, characterized in that the coincidence protection is built up by short-term memories is. 25) Alarm, security and surveillance systems with a multi-channel system according to claim 24, characterized in that the coincidence protection by a Delay element was created. 26) Alarm, security and monitoring systems with a multi-channel system, characterized in that the coincidence protection by current or. Resonant circuits is built up. 27) Alarm systems (with multi-channel system in partially mobile design) through this characterized in that it is in logical AND circuit and coincidence protection circuit with the multi-channel system is provided. 28) alarm system (as a multi-channel data transmission system) characterized that the multi-channel system from devices for the recovery of several different Signal transmission frequency bandwidths or different pulse sequences on the same Medium consists. 29) alarm system with multi-channel system, characterized in that on the radio path continuous radio is used as a monitored idle activity, the coded modulated fault message triggers an alarm. Alarm system with multi-channel system according to Artapruch 1 uncL accordingly following characterized in that the signal transmission via the adjacent 1 (; itun6rs network and via the power line network and via radio. Alarm system with a multi-channel system according to claim 1 and accordingly The following for mobile use of the individual elements, characterized in that the signal and alarm transmission via the power grid and via radio take place at the same time. 32) alarm system with multi-channel system according to claim 1 and accordingly the following characterized in that the signal transmission via the system's own Ne-tz and via the power grid at the same time. Alarm system with a multi-channel system according to claim 1 and correspondingly following characterized in that the alarm and signal transmission via the system's own Network and radio at the same time. Alarm system with a multi-channel system according to claim 1 and correspondingly following characterized in that this idle activity system relating to the transmission of messages via the power supply network via a so-called safety circuit, i.e. residual current circuit or remanence activation takes place. 35) alarm system with multi-channel system according to claim 1 and accordingly following using the power supply network, characterized in that the general power grid also with regard to the energy supply to the alarm system or automatic communication system is connected; i.e. that power outages a general or special one for each individual unit of the entire system Trigger an alarm that is "different" from the main alarm. 36) alarm system with multi-channel transmission system according to claim 1 and according to the following, characterized in that avoiding a system's own rescue network gives the possibility of partially mobile use. (e.g. using the power grid and radio transmission). 37) alarm system with multi-channel system according to claim 1 and accordingly following with radio, characterized in that the other channel has a monitoring function takes over for the other channel. Alarm system with a multi-channel system according to claim 1 and correspondingly following with radio, characterized in that a five-fault alarm also triggers. 39) alarm system with multi-channel system according to claim i and accordingly following, characterized in that their operation blocks extra against sabotage are secured (e.g. by seismic detectors with delay circuit). 40) alarm system with multi-channel system according to claim 1 and accordingly following, characterized in that the arming / disarming or the Switching on / off takes place via this multi-channel system. 41) alarm system with multi-channel system according to claim 1 and accordingly following without the system's own connecting line also for switching on / off thereby characterized in that the control center is due to the lack of the system's own connection paths afterwards it can be located by determining the on / off switch. 42) alarm system with multi-channel system according to claim 1 and accordingly following without native fixed connection paths, characterized in that also the coding in relation to the control center by an external unit that is not a direct one Connection path to the head office has taken place. 43) alarm system with multi-channel system according to claim 1 and accordingly following, characterized in that zeine reaffarency is the logical AND circuit increased or reduced, which equates to an adaptation learning process. 44) alarm, security and monitoring system with multi-channel signal transmission system according to claim 1, characterized in that associated channels, data and signal transmission paths are linked by reciprocal adjustment devices of filters and gates.