DE2705400A1 - TRACTOR, IN PARTICULAR FOR USE IN AGRICULTURE - Google Patents

Description

Dr.-ing. Dipi.-Phye. OSKAF, KING Pa.enteawalt

Telephone: (07 H) HHSfw ^. 34 51 · * «**« ^ T. "/ W" 500

Telegram: Κοβιηκρβί 7000 STUTTGART-I, Klüpfeletraße 6 Postscheck Sigt. 849 Γ-

Poet compartment 51

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Jaaues BIpoN, 512 30 ^ elye / "ertus France

Tractor vehicle, in particular for use in agriculture

The invention relates to a tractor vehicle, in particular those for agricultural use, although this ^ rHt can also be used for other purposes, e.g. in the construction industry.

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These vehicles, well known in agriculture, are generally formed by a chassis, that of two pado-pairs - drive wheels and idlers - Is carried and surmounted by a steering cabin in which the operator sits. That In most cases, the chassis has a power take-off shaft that is coupled to soil cultivation equipment can be grounded, a "three-point" bracket and a hydraulic lifting device. These different Organs are sometimes in the front of the. Tug, if this is not a pulling machine, but a pushing machine is working. This is well known on farms Barley from implementation has numerous disadvantages on, both in terms of their construction and their handling and control in the field.

The following should be noted about the performance developed here:

The conventional tug actually only has two Drive wheels adapted to the purpose, which are suitable for developing the power that can be delivered by the engine.

Sometimes a front axle drive is added here, ui "den To improve the efficiency of the engine. /] 3cemein can It can be said that tractors with more than 100 hp make very poor use of the power of their engine. At high Engine performance, the tractors have poor grip. As a remedy one is to gain a sharp weight forced (like filling the wheels with water

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ser, ^ nbri ngnnrr numerous weights, etc.). Also '- / earth rl depending on the dimensions of the Perei func increased (45 bj s 50 cm). Dj e pneumati see iusüstuno this tractor is no longer so versatile; the more you sow, the more: you can use them by, especially in cultivating crops (beets, potatoes, in the treatment of grain, etc.). They then usually have to be replaced by narrow equipment that is adapted to the distances between the cultivated products. By using wide tires, too large a floor area is indented, which can sometimes be difficult to reclaim. The wear of these tires is stronger and more expensive than smaller tires ^M Odell.

The front axle drives are sometimes manually adapted. For certain work, the weight compensation between the front and rear axle drives can be used in numerous ways Cases left to be desired. The front axle drives reduce the turning radius. The tractor becomes much less manoeuvrable and every narrow space at the end of the field becomes impossible.

The differential lock only works when driving straight ahead. It is not always possible with the front axle drives. It is difficult to achieve proportional power transmission achieve forward movement in the case of a drive axle that is under a trailer vehicle (too many Cardan joints that are of little use when turning, etc.).

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The following should be noted about the equipment:

There is no PTO shaft that is really adapted to the requirements / so there is a need to Transmission from the rear PTO shaft with the aid of cardan joints, reduction shafts, etc. to be provided. From a mechanical point of view, this results in a not exactly elegant structure. There aren't any in front Lifting device; this is mainly the fact to be attributed to the fact that the tractors no longer have a chassis on which multi-purpose fixings are provided can be. There is no support platform on which various containers (for fertilizers, seeds, treatment agents) or other additional parts (gripper, bucket) can be accommodated.

The following should be noted about steering:

The manual transmissions are not all equipped with synchronized gears. In any case, it is very much difficult to change gears when hauling a heavy load on wet terrain.

There is no driving turner. The tugs are equipped so that they can only be run in one direction can use. The user has to adapt to the situation and in order to do this he has to own his Most of the time tugs drive in the way that he the device behind it is observed.

There is no continuously variable level gearbox for speeds

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from 0 to 27 km / h. Most of the time there aren't any good ones Correspondence between the speed and the intended work or the towed, coupled and used equipment.

The actuation handles for speed shifting, for lifting operations and for the feasting are often very unfavorable, and it is not taken into account here, that these devices are essentially used to work the earth (the one between the often dirty The driver's shoes reduce his freedom of movement, etc.).

Poor visibility to the front because of the front axle and the engine, while the driver is looking to the rear to monitor often have to turn around. Visibility is poor in some other ways as well, as the cabin is between is installed on the two rear wheels of the vehicle.

Ease of use is often poor, as the tractor adapts to the terrain rather poorly. Without front-wheel drive, the convenience is still less.

It is an object of the invention to create the possibility such various disadvantages, by no means enumerating them it is exhaustive to remedy it in an advantageous manner can. This is achieved by the invention specified in claim 1. Preferably, the tractor vehicle can have wheels be equipped with

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Tires of narrow width are provided so that it can be used in every kind of agricultural culture can, this feature arises from the fact that the chassis is on six wheels for propulsion and steering, which distributes the load and the drive energy required to move the device; these wheels can also be controlled in such a way that at the end of a route all three are on one long side of the chassis is blocked and the other three wheels can be driven to a close to achieve complete turning movement of the vehicle. Preferably, the front and rear wheels can be steerable.

The vehicle is preferably provided with coupling and lifting devices as well as power take-offs at both the front and rear, which allow its use in one or the other direction of travel, because it can be reversed because of the Peder propulsion devices are capable of moving in two opposite directions for work. The control, monitoring and operation of the devices assigned to the vehicle can also be improved by that the cab or the driver's compartment is displaceable and that the driver's seat can be pivoted so that the driver always sees the entire area to be worked on, regardless of the direction of travel of the vehicle.

The invention relates, inter alia, to a tractor vehicle, preferably for agricultural use, in the version that has a chassis that sits on at least two sets of drive wheels and on which a cabin is arranged, in which the steering

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organs of the vehicle as well as the actuation devices for the devices coupled to the PTO shaft of the vehicle are located, whereby / two ⁿ SH36! and reversing organs are connected which make it possible to act either on one or the other of the two drives or simultaneously on both in a symmetrical and non-symmetrical manner.

In a preferred embodiment, each consists these two independent drives from one hydraulic

preferably

Variable flow pump operating in one / closed Circulatory works; each cycle can be expedient

(moteurs hydrauliquesj hydraulic motors, oil motors) Hydraulic motors / for individually driving the vehicle wheels in question; both pumps can preferably be from be driven by a common motor via separate outputs of a coupling block, the third, for has a PTO intended output and an input intended for coupling with the engine crankshaft. The delivery rates of these pumps can particularly expediently be continuously adjustable. It can be beneficial be provided that the third output of the coupling block with a third hydraulic pump is connected, which in turn drives at least one hydraulic motor that operates the PTO shaft. Such Arrangement offers the great advantage of simplifying the entire equipment of the vehicle because of the execution a hydraulic power transmission, the presence of hydraulic ones provided for driving the vehicle

-8th-

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Drive means are used. Advantageously, two can see the hydraulic motor of the PTO shaft and the PTO shaft a reduction gear can be used. This third hydraulic pump can also preferably be at least drive a hydraulic motor that operates a device with which the vehicle is equipped.

According to another feature of the invention, the two independent drives can be reversed so that the vehicle can be driven in two opposite directions, and that the driver's cab can be shifted alternately on the chassis, the driver's seat in this cab by at least 180 degrees around a vertical axis is pivotally mounted so that the driver can see the entire terrain to be worked on regardless of the direction of travel of the vehicle.

In this case, the vehicle can be adjacent to the front and the rear wheels each have a hydraulic lifting device, the two movably connected to the chassis Has upper arms and two lower arms, the two upper arms are preferably form-fitting connected to each other and the two lower arms are attached to a bending rod and two struts that joining these two pairs of arms together, being the upper arms are provided with a position sensor and the bending rod with a deformation sensor; these two sensors are connected to an electrical control unit which, on the one hand, is based on the

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Signals emitted by these sensors and, on the other hand, based on the set values, to those in the cabin Position and stress control organs located appeals to.

It can also advantageously be provided here, the upper arms, which are connected to the lower arms by struts, with a position sensor to be provided, while a pressure sensor in the hydraulic supply circuit of the drive motors for the drive wheels is used, whereby these two sensors are connected to an electrical control unit, to which position and stress control organs located in the cabin are also connected. This arrangement also simplifies the equipment as a whole in a very advantageous manner, because to achieve of a stress measurement signal also that Presence of the same hydraulic drive control is used.

This control unit can advantageously have two Amplifier - for the position and load values ■ include, while the control organs with regulating potentiometers are provided. Likewise, a hydraulic distributor can preferably be provided which is controlled by the Control unit is operated and the control cylinder the lifting device operated.

According to another preferred embodiment, the Chassis on two sections in the longitudinal direction,

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which are movably arranged in relation to each other about a vertical axis, this axis for Front of the vehicle in relation to the middle is offset. Such an arrangement offers the very significant advantage / that the behavior of the rear Devices located on the vehicle in the event of a lateral inclination of the front section of the chassis, for example under the influence of the type of terrain, is not affected. The front section of the chassis can advantageously be attached to the rear section by means of at least one hydraulic device can be shifted rotating.

Exemplary embodiments of the invention are shown in the drawing.
Show it:

1 shows a side view of a vehicle according to a first exemplary embodiment, the wheels only indicated by dash-dotted lines are,

Fig. 2 is a plan view of the tractor of Fig. 1 with the omission of the cabin and the front and rear lifting devices,

Fig. 3 is a schematic, partial side view of an agricultural tractor according to egg nem second embodiment of the invention,

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4 is a schematic / partial plan view on the tractor according to Fig. 3,

5 shows a sectional drawing on an enlarged scale a hydrauli see PTO shaft (power take-off) with which this vehicle is equipped is,

6 shows a hydraulic diagram of the control of the nozzles,

Fig. 7 is a diagram of the electro-hydraulic control circuit the lifting devices of the vehicle.

In Fig. 1 is a vehicle, preferably an agricultural one Vehicle shown having a chassis that sits on at least two sets of wheels, wherein said chassis 1 with a driver's cab 2 and at least one lifting device 3 to which the Soil cultivation certain devices can be coupled, is provided. It can become attachable with such Implements around a «harrow, a plow or any other act similar device. The vehicle can therefore preferably be an agricultural tractor.

This vehicle can advantageously have three wheels 4a, 4b, 4c on each longitudinal side, so that the load of the vehicle is distributed over six wheels. this makes possible es, rims with small width for inclusion

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to use the tire, the tread of which is such that the vehicle is also between relatively narrow BELanzenreihen can drive through freely. These narrow-width tires are also priced much less expensive than the tires used on conventional tractors. Also need not to be interchangeable in order to be able to switch from one type of cultivation to another, so that the The tractor user does not need to have pipes in different widths and with different profiles in stock to keep.

The use of these six wheels not only enables an even distribution of the weight of the vehicle, but also a symmetrical distribution of the for Movement of this vehicle to develop energy.

Therefore, as can be seen from Fig. 2, the wheels 4a, 4b, 4c, which are located on the same longitudinal side of the chassis, driven by their own drive, who is independent of the one who drives the Wheels 4a, 4b, 4c located on the other long side of the chassis are actuated.

The force is evenly distributed to the six wheels, which are preferably of the same dimensions, and is on these wheels by two reversible, a variable flow rate with deflection of the conveying direction having Transfer pumps 5 and 6. These piston pumps are known per se and comprise a feed pump and a

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Protection and exchange unit. They are used and work as hydraulic continuously variable reversing gearboxes in a closed circuit with their respective wheels. The pumps 5, 6 can preferably be axial piston pumps be.

Thus, each pump 5,6 actuates three wheels of the tractor, which are located on the same longitudinal side of the chassis, and each wheel is driven by a hydraulic motor 7 with double cylinder capacity (French: moteur hydraulique a double cylindree, doppelzylinderxger motor, hydromotor, oil motor). One pump supplies the hydraulic motors 7 assigned to the right-hand wheels are supplied with pressure oil and the other pump is supplied the hydraulic motors 7 assigned to the left-hand wheels with pressurized oil. The pumps 5 and 6 are with one Coupling housing 8 connected, through the center of which a PTO shaft 9 goes, which at one end from the rear Output of the motor 16 protrudes, while the other end by means of an elastic cam coupling 11 with the front PTO block 10 is connected. The actual PTO shaft 12 is by a clutch 13, which is located in the PTO housing located, made functional, this clutch with a translation 14 and an electro-hydraulic Distributor 15 cooperates. This mechanical construction is also located at the other end of the vehicle.

The two pumps 5 and 6 are driven by a diesel engine 16 which also drives the two power take-off shafts 12 supplied with energy, which can be put into operation alternately or simultaneously.

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The pumps 5, 6 are electrically controlled from the driver's seat and are completely independent of one another. By changing the delivery rate (flow rate: French debit) of one pump (5 or 6) in relation to the other (6 or 5) you can turn the Cause the vehicle. This also makes it possible to reduce the turning radius of the vehicle if the Art the soil allows this. At the end of a stretch it is possible to completely neutralize a pump, like that that three wheels located on one side of the vehicle are completely blocked, and then the other To feed the pump proportionally, so that a complete turning of the vehicle on the spot on the blocked Wheels is brought about.

The change in location of the vehicle is achieved in that the plates (swivel bodies) of the two pumps 5 and 6 are inclined at the same angle, so that the same delivery rates are achieved with each pump. The speed of the change in location of the vehicle is thus proportional to the delivery rates of the pumps 5, 6 and the change in the delivery rate of one pump compared to the other allows the vehicle to move sideways to the right or left. A similar change in the delivery rates of the two pumps 5, 6, on the other hand, also makes it possible to move the vehicle forwards or backwards or to bring it to a standstill. This enables the effect of a differential lock without a mechanical link, even with different running speeds.

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of the wheels. In addition, there is a hydrostatic at standstill Braking each wheel achieved. . ·

The controls for driving the vehicle forward take place with the foot in the driver's cab. Under the right foot there is a pedal to control the forward driving the vehicle and under the left foot a pedal to control its reversing. These Pedals control the flow rates of the two Pumps 5 and 6; these controls are the same for both pumps 5, 6. The delivery rates of the two Pumps are controlled to the same values for driving straight ahead. The direction of the vehicle is controlled by means of a steering wheel, through which the delivery rates of the two pumps are also controlled, in this In the latter case, the control is such that the delivery rates of the two pumps 5, 6 are controlled differently.

Thus, when the vehicle is at a standstill, when the steering wheel is turned to the right by an angle oC, the control ensures that the output of the right pump remains equal to zero, while a delivery rate of the left pump of + d. is brought about. This will cause the vehicle to turn around (with the right wheels, locked). If, in addition, a forward movement is desired, the right pedal is pressed, whereupon the control causes a delivery rate of + d "for both pumps. In this case, the result is a delivery rate Dd for the right pump: Dd = O + d ₂ and for the left pump a delivery rate Dg: Dg = d. + D_

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and the tractor moves forward while turning at the same time to the right, since the value Dg> Dd j st.

The steered wheels can be controlled as follows: either

the front pads,

the rear wheels,

at the same time the front and rear

bikes
be steered.

This choice is made by means of separate control circuits for the Forward and the reverse direction.

The steering wheel controls the delivery rates of the hydraulic Pumps and the two pad steering devices (incrementally acting rotary control), one of which on the front set of pads and the other on the rear axle. These wheel steering devices are by electric geared motor units actuated, which the direction control circuits housed on the steering wheel (steering control circuits) assigned. If you turn the steering wheel in a certain direction, a control system also arises

the delivery lines of pumps 5 and 6, and a control unit which operates the pod steering devices are electric gearbox motor units (the latter are not shown), so that a change in direction is brought about by both the The wheels in question are turned and the ratio the delivery rates of the two pumps 5, 6 is adapted to cornering.

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As the vehicle moves in two opposite directions can move, it is of course desirable that it - regardless of the direction of movement - can work both dragging and pushing. Because of this the vehicle is front and rear with a lifting device 3, these two devices being the same.

The lifting device consists of two lower arms 17 which are connected to two upper arms or swing arms 18 are; these are movably attached at 19 by means of two cross struts 20 on the chassis 1 of the vehicle, so that this whole, together with the cross pieces of the chassis, forms a parallelogram, the deformable and exposed to the action of two lifting cylinders 21, the pistons 22 of which by tabs 23 with the upper arms or swing arms 18 are connected.

The two lower lifting arms 17 are at their joint 2 4 connected to a straight bar, which is a stress sensor 25 is assigned, while the upper arms (oscillating arms) 18 are assigned to a steering sensor 26 who controls the height of the lifting device.

The controls of these two lifting units are independent of each other and the required hydraulic power is achieved by a pump 27 driven by the diesel engine 16.

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This pump 27 feeds by means of a hydraulic electrical distributor both the two outer lifting cylinders 21 of the front lifting device and those of the rear Lifting device.

The control of the position control determined by the sensor 26 - with assignment of the sensor 26 to the swing arms 18 - takes place electrically from the driver's seat off, via an electrical setting control unit nhei t. This control vi rd determined on the one hand by the position sensor 26 attached between the lifting arms and on the other hand the signals that from the one located in the cab by the driver Position control result in the set value. The driver thus provides the required value at the Position control and the electrical distributor (not shown) feeds the lifting cylinder 21. As soon as the last ones reach the selected position, the value of the The Sicmal issued by the position sensor 26 is designed in such a way that that the control unit causes the electrical distributor to close.

The stress control device is also operated electrically from the driver's seat via a control and Control unit actuated. This process is controlled on the one hand by the signal from the stress sensor 25, which is located on the two lower arms 17 connecting bending rod 24 is located and on the other hand by the signals that are based on the user at the - in the K-

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bine located - stress control device the set value.

Operation of the stress control device:

A value E is set on the part of the stress control located in the driver's cab. This one Value E corresponds to a signal e which is sent to the control unit is delivered.

When the kink on the bending rod becomes significant, so that the stress sensor 25, which is form-fitting with it is connected, shows a value el> e, then this stress control unit actuates the opening of the electrical distributor and thereby causes the lifting of the lower arms 17, so that there is a reduction in the tensile stress.

If the value el <^ e, then this unit causes the Closure of the electrical distributor.

After the selected position has been exceeded, the position control takes over the regulation of the lifting process and the arms are returned to their original positions returned.

Finally, the vehicle - because of the reversibility of the pumps 5 and 6 in two opposite directions is movable - also the preferred feature that his cabin 2 on the upper Side members 1. of the chassis 1 is displaceable. the

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The underside of this cabin is firmly connected to a carriage 29 which is provided with rollers 30 is that run in the frame forming the upper side members 11 of the chassis rails.

This back and forth sliding cabin 2 can by "locking devices, such as pins, tenons, latches, screws or the like in any position be stopped.

Preferably, this cabin is stopped on one of the two front sides of the vehicle, so that one Area S is released, which is a platform for inclusion various equipment such as atomizers, distributors, containers, buckets, etc.

To give the driver the opportunity to do the whole thing In addition, the operator's seat in this cabin is always to have the working area in front of you 31 rotatably mounted on a swivel hub, so that the entire space including the controls around can be rotated at least 180.

The connections between the various engine components of the vehicle (diesel engine, PTO shaft, pump clutch housing) take place by means of elastic couplings, so that at any point a single stock part of the chain of power transmission parts dismantled can be.

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Finally, the device according to the invention is designed so that it can be used on any type of terrain and on the road because of the front pads can be disengaged and its use is made possible by the two independent controls on either side of the chassis The sets of pads located there are very much easier, since by changing the promotion of the Purpen you can get a Eewing the vehicle in one direction or the other or blocking a row of pedestrians to achieve this of turning on the spot.

For reasons of impact, the pads 4a, 4c of the front and rear sets of pads are steered drive wheels, which can be hammered in on both sides, while the intermediate gears 4b are only drive gears.

The advantages of this vehicle are as follows:

the force is distributed over 6 bikes with the same dimensions, which are fitted with narrow tires (25 cm) are, i.e., with tires that are suitable for a variety of purposes;

it can move in both directions and Thanks to the hydrostatic transmission, everyone can ride it

for example, drive at a speed between 0 and 27 km / h;

the equipment is the same at the front and rear, so that processing devices are coupled at the front as well as at the rear can be;

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steering is carried out at two .Achsen - ^Front and rear axle - while the central axis remains fixed, resulting in a better turning radius. This can be improved if you let the vehicle pull a rotary motion by means of hydraulic pumps;

there is a differential lock on all wheels under all conditions of use, in a straight line like geceben when cornering;

the cabin, which is located completely above the pads, improves forward visibility. You can depending on the work to be done moved forward or backward and the driver can choose the most suitable one for him Choose setting;

the driver's seat in the cab can be rotated from O to 180 and assume all intermediate positions; the maneuverability of the device is much better than with conventional tractors, ie the power transmissions are hydraulic and not mechanical.

The vehicle shown in Fig. 3 and 4 has a chassis 101, which is on two pairs of drive wheels 102 and sits; a driver's cab is arranged on the chassis, in which the steering elements of the vehicle are located and the control devices for the implements are located on two power take-offs 105 and 106, the front and rear are arranged on the chassis, can be coupled.

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The chassis 101 is formed in the longitudinal direction by two sections 101a and 101b, which are relatively are articulated to each other about a vertical axis X-X, which to the front of the Vehicle relative to the center, i.e. relative to the transverse plane that is an equal distance from the front and rear of the vehicle is offset.

The front portion 101a of the chassis has a generally parallelepiped ^ see shape that is rearwardly extended by a portion 107a having a trapezoidal cross-section, while its rear portion 101b also has a generally parallelepi ¹ -pedische form the top by a likewise forward Part and a lower part 107 b is extended with a trapezoidal cross-section, these parts 107 b expire in caps 108, between which supports 109 engage, which are positively connected to the part 107 a; These caps and supports are connected in an articulated manner by means of axle stubs 110. Two lifting cylinders 111 are attached to the front of the parallelepipedic part of the section 101 b between the parts 107 b, in such a way that they are arranged in a same horizontal plane and that each of them is articulated about vertical axes YY, the are located on the front side, while the ends of their piston rods 112 are in turn articulated on two caps 113, one of which is on one of the two side

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th of the chassis part 107 a is fastened, the axes of rotation of the joints corresponding to the vertical axes ZZ. It is important to note 6aP. the main articulation axis XX of the chassis is arranged in a transverse plane of the vehicle which is practically behind the front pair of wheels 102. The chassis 101 is finally completed by an upper platform 114, which covers the entire surface of the rear section 101 b and extends forward overhanging this part to over the middle of the front pair of wheels 102, this overhanging part in the normal driving position of the Vehicle carries the cabin 104.

Such an articulated design of the chassis enables a maximum reduction in the distance between the chassis and the wheels, from which the Possibility to accommodate more extensive oraans on it than on a rigid chassis; a rigid chassis must have sufficient freedom of movement between the wheels and yourself to allow the steered wheels to turn appropriately. The profit the impact radius is 20 to 30%. The decentering of the joint formation towards the front Above all, the wheel set enables the solution of the problem of the controllability of the device in Peihenkulturen. In in fact, by inclining the front portion of the chassis at a slight angle, for example 10 °, on both sides of the central axis, practically does not affect the behavior of the devices that can be coupled to the rear of the vehicle.

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3f

Finally, the articulation on the chassis is dated From a structural point of view, it is considerably easier than a cumbersome articulation on the articulations wheels. This will supply the drive wheels 102, 103 very simplified, since these, as below indicated, each by a hydraulic motor 115 individually are driven, these wheels are form-fitting with the chassis, resulting in a significant Lowering the manufacturing costs of the vehicle and a very significant mechanical simplification results.

Except for the two hydraulic motors 115, which are positively connected to the front wheels 102, and these drive, as well as the front PTO shaft 105, the front section of the chassis carries two batteries 116 and a cooling device 117.

The rear section 101 b of the chassis also carries the two hydraulic motors 115 with the rear wheels 104 are positively connected and drive them, as well as the rear PTO shaft 1O6, a Drive unit, which consists of the following: an internal combustion engine 118, the crankshaft of which is coupled to the input of a clutch housing 119, the has three outputs, which are driven by a reversible hydraulic pump 120 with variable power the PTO shafts as well as with two groups, each driven by a single drive shaft and by each of which has a reversible hydraulic, see pump 121 a and 121 b with variable flow rate Drive the hydraulic motors 115 and also a feed pump 122, a hydraulic pump 123a or 123b for actuating the lifting cylinder 143 of the below

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described lifting devices, and on the one hand a pump 124a for

Drive the hydraulic motor of the cooling device fan and on the other hand a pump 124 b for actuating the lifting cylinder 111.

As can be seen in detail from Fig. 5, each of the hydraulic Zaofwaves (power take-offs) 105 or 106 from a housing 125 in which a reduction gear 126 is arranged, the input of which is non-positively connected to the shaft of a hydraulic motor 127 is, while its exit through a hollow sleeve

128 is formed, which receives the corrugated middle part of a power take-off shaft 129 in two stepped, coaxial, different diameter bearings, which is fitted into corresponding Piffeiungen of the associated storage, as well as one of the corrugated ends 129 a of this shaft, while its other corrugated end 129b projecting outwardly from the ^M uffe 128 to be fixedly connected to a device to be driven to. One of the ends 129 a and

129 b of the shaft has a smaller number of corrugations on, for example, six while the other End a larger number of these, say twenty-one has, so that depending on the end that is attached to the outside of the sleeve, the drive of the device with two different speeds can be done. So can for example, if the speed of the engine is 3000 rpm, the end of the power take-off shaft to be used drive the device either at 5 40 rpm or at 1000 rpm.

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As Fig. 6 shows, the two outputs are reversible Pump 120 through pipes 130 a and 130 b with two inputs of the hydraulic PTO drive motors 127 connected, while the two other inputs of these hydraulic motors 127 in turn with each other are connected by a third pipe 130c, making the whole a closed circuit forms. Two hydraulic, electro-hydraulic controlled Manifolds 131 a and 131 b are held in between, namely the one between the pipes 130 a and 130c and the other between the pipes 130b and 130c, thereby enabling either one or the other of the motors 127 or both at the same time to dine.

The hydraulic circuit also includes two pipelines 132 a and 132 b, which are tapped on the pipes 130 b and 130 c between the distributor 131 b and the engine 12 7 and are connected to the inputs of a hydraulic auxiliary motor 133, which has the task of one of the devices 133 a to drive with which the vehicle is equipped, these pipes 132 a and 132 b check valves 134, which allow the passage of the liquid medium (hydraulic oil) only in the direction of the motor, while shut-off valves 135 in the pipelines 130 b and 130c interposed between the one motor 127 and the taps of the pipes 132 a and 132 b are.

The pump 120 is - by the way, just like the pumps 121 a and 121 b - fed with oil from an oil tank 136, the

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is attached outside on one of the sides of the chassis section 1 b in front of the rear wheel 103, while a for supplying the engine 118 certain fuel tank 137 symmetrically on the other side of this Section is arranged.

This type of shift therefore enables the front and rear power take-offs (power take-offs) 105 to be driven and 106 either separately or simultaneously, as well as in one or the other direction of rotation and finally also with variable speed, the one or other of the two speeds indicated above, the two power take-offs

- as a result of the use of a hydraulic control circuit connected in series - necessarily with the rotate at the same speed if they are used at the same time.

Such a control circuit of the power take-off shafts has the very important feature that it is aware of its presence a hydraulic control center of the vehicle movement

- Consists of motor 118, housing 119, pumps 121 a and 121 b and motors 115 - served to without difficulty perform a hydraulic power transmission. Such an arrangement thus enables use the same oil tank, the same coolant and the same filter elements as in the drive device of the vehicle are already available.

In addition to the simple implementation of this PTO shaft

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ZS

Control circuit you can also achieve an excellent use of these PTO shafts thanks to the extraordinary Adaptability of the use of their organs, especially the variable capacity pump.

The vehicle also has hydraulic lifting devices at each of its two longitudinal ends and 139, respectively, this device being provided in duplicate at each end, i.e., one at the left and one on the right-hand side, see Fig. 4. As can be seen from Figs. 3 and 4, each of these devices is in one vertical plane, parallel to the median longitudinal plane of the Vehicle, arranged, and consists of a lower arm 140, an upper arm 141, a strut 142 and a lifting cylinder 143. The two arms 140 and 141 are articulated at one of their ends on the front of the Section 1Ol a of the chassis around horizontal transverse axes in the lower or upper area of this front appropriate.

The strut 142 is articulated on the one hand at the other end of the arm 140 and on the other hand close to the other Attached to the end of the lower arm 141, this actual end being intended for fastening a device is.

Finally, the lifting cylinder 143 is articulated in the lower area of the front of the chassis,

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while its upward linkage is in turn at a point adjacent the end of the inns 140, the the strut 142 receives, is hinged.

As can be seen from FIG. 7, the control device of such a lifting device comprises 138 or 139 on the one hand a motion sensor 144, which is above the upper Arm 140 is arranged and dependent on this arm is actuated by its movement, and on the other hand a pressure sensor 145 which is in a pipe 146 one or the other of the pumps is used 121 a or 121 b with the hydraulic motors 115 of the wheels connects. The sensor 144 is connected to one of the inputs of an amplifier 147 for controlling the position of the lifting device connected, and the sensor 145 is connected to one of the two inputs of another amplifier 148 for Control of the stress exerted on the device connected while the other input of the amplifier

147 with the adjustable tap of a position control potentiometer 149 and the second input of the amplifier

148 is connected to the adjustable output of a second, stress control potentiometer 150, these two potentiometers being arranged in the cabin in order to regulate it Distributor 151 connected, which has a hydraulic input which is connected to the associated hydraulic pump 123 a (or 123 b), and two outputs, one of which

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with the supply of the lifting cylinder 143 and the other is connected to the oil tank 136. The pressure sensor 145 supplies a voltage that is proportional to the pressure of the liquid medium (hydraulic oil) sent to the wheel drive motors 115, that is to say 'proportional to the Resistance loading on these wheels by the equipment carried by the vehicle - pushing, if pulling them on the front jacks 138 when attached to the rear jacks 139 are - is exercised. The value of this stress is then compared in amplifier 148 with that of the driver on the stress control potentiometer 150 set value compared. If the value determined by the sensor 150 is higher than that of the driver

set value, _x ao activated ^ .., _,, _β

the controller opens the manifold 151 so that a lifting of the arm and thus a reduction in the tensile or sliding stress is brought about.

If the value indicated by the sensor 150 again reaches the control value, the control actuates the lock of the distributor. After the position selected for the lifting device has been reached, the position control 149 and the motion sensor 144 the regulation of the lifting process, i.e. the lifting device is constantly in the predetermined position returned. The way of working is self-evident symmetrical, if the value given by sensor 145 is below the set value.

Such a control of the lifting devices offers the

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qroßen advantage that the Vorhandensei η a hydraulic Steueruncr for driving the drive wheels nenutzt v.'ird, wherein the directly te the device ^H outgoing Beanspruchune in Verbinduna rri t the ^] pressure prevailing in Fneisekreis of the drive motors, is aemacht use .

These vehicles can not only be used in the agricultural sector Area, but also for any other area of application, e.g. during construction work.

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Claims (18)

Claims Ij, tractor vehicle, especially for use in agriculture, with a chassis that sits on at least two sets of drive wheels and on which a cabin is arranged, in which the Iienkorgane of the vehicle as well as the actuating devices for the devices coupled to the PTO shaft of the vehicle are, characterized in that said drive wheels (4a, Ac; 102, 103) are controlled in pairs, the pair in question being on the same side of the chassis (1; 101) and the control of an independent drive (5, 6 ; 121 a / 121 b) takes place and the two drives (5, 6; 121 a, 121 b) are connected to one another by adjusting and reversing elements, which enable either one or the other of the two drives or both at the same time to be applied symmetrically or not symmetrically. 2. tractor vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that each of the two independent drives by a hydraulic pump with variable power (5, 6; 121 a, 121 b) is formed, which in closed Circuit works, the two pumps (5, 6; 121 a, 121 b) with two outputs one Coupling block (8; 119) are connected, which has a third output, which for at least one 709833/0297 ORIGINAL INSPECTED 4294 ~ yi PTO (power reduction) (10; 105, 1O6) is determined, and one coupled to the crankshaft of the engine (1 ^; 118) Has input. 3. tractor vehicle according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that that the two independent drives can be reversed so that the vehicle is in two opposite directions Directions is movable, and that the driver's cab (2, 104) on the chassis (1, 101) back and forth can be pushed, the operator station (31) located in this cabin about a vertical axis pivotable - by at least 180 - is arranged so that the driver can access the entire area to be worked on has in front of him, regardless of the direction in which the vehicle is traveling. 4. Echlepperfahrzeug according to claim 1, which is adjacent to the front and rear wheels each has a hydraulic lifting device, the two movable on Has chassis connected upper arms and two lower arms, characterized in that the two upper arms (18) are firmly connected and that the two lower arms (17) on a bending rod and two struts (20) are attached, which connect these two pairs of arms with each other, the upper Arms (18) are assigned a position sensor (26) and the bending rod is assigned a deformation sensor (25) and these two sensors (25, 26) are connected to an electrical control unit, which on the one hand depends of the signals emitted by these sensors (25, 26) 709833/0297 - 36 - and, on the other hand, responds as a function of the values set on the position and load control elements located in the cabin. 5. tractor vehicle according to claim 3, characterized in that that the underside of the cabin (2; 104) is provided with rollers (30) which are in slide rails (1.) run, which are formed by the upper longitudinal members of the chassis (1; 101), these Cabin (2) in each corresponding position by actuating locking devices such as thorns, Pegs, latches or the like can be stopped and can be stopped by adjusting the cabin (2; 104) forms a loading bridge at one end of the chassis (1; 101). 6. tractor vehicle according to claim 3, characterized in that that due to the displaceability of the cabin (2, 104) the connections between the various driving organs of the device are formed by flexible and elastic lines, which are easy are expandable. 7. tractor vehicle according to claim 1, the chassis is arranged on three sets of wheels, wherein the two outer sets of wheels are formed by steered drive wheels, while the middle set of Wheels is formed by unguided drive wheels, characterized in that each independent drive (5, 6) the drive of all those wheels 709833/0297 -37- 4294 (4a, 4b, 4c), which are located on the same longitudinal side of the chassis (1). 8. tractor vehicle according to claim 2, characterized in that its driving speed proportional to the delivery rate (flow rate) of the pumps (5, 6; 121a, 121b). 9. tractor vehicle according to claim 2, characterized in that the front wheels (4a; 102) on the way from Drive can be decoupled. 10. tractor vehicle according to claim 2, characterized in that that the pumps (5, 6; 121a, 121b) used to drive the wheels from the driver's seat (2; 104) can be controlled electrically by pedal and steering wheel and can be reversed to control the movement of the Effect vehicle in one direction or the other, with each pump on the associated Wheels (4a, 4b, 4c; 102, 103) acts through hydraulic motors (7; 115) (oil motors) connected to them, and each driven wheel is assigned its own hydraulic motor, which is preferably a double cylinder hydraulic motor is. 11. tractor vehicle according to claim 2, characterized in that the coupling block (119) has a third Has output that is connected to a third hydraulic pump (120), which in turn has a PTO (105, 106) actuating hydraulic motor (127) drives. 709833/0297 4294 -yf - 12. tractor vehicle according to claim 11, characterized in that a reduction gear (126) is interposed between the hydraulic motor (127) and the PTO shaft (129b, 105, 106). 13. Towing vehicle according to claim 11, characterized in that that the third hydraulic pump (120) drives at least one hydraulic motor (133) which actuates a device (133a) with which the vehicle is equipped. 14. Tractor vehicle according to one of the preceding Expectations, characterized in that it comprises at least one lifting device having upper arms (140), which are connected to the lower arms (141) by struts (142) and which have a position sensor (144) is assigned, while a pressure sensor (145) in the hydraulic feed circuit (146) of the drive motors (115) of the drive wheels (102, 103) are used is, these two sensors (144, 145) connected to an electrical control unit (147, 148) are, with d »r also position control organs (149) and Stress control organs (150) are connected, which are located in the cabin (104). 15. Towing vehicle according to claim 14, characterized in that that the control unit has two amplifiers (147, 148) for position or load, while the control elements (149, 150) have setting potentiometers. -39- 709833/0297 16. A tractor vehicle according to claim 14, characterized in that a hydraulic distributor (151) controlled by the control unit (147, 148) is provided which actuates the lifting cylinder (143) of the lifting device (138; 139). 17. tractor vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that its chassis (101) in its Has two sections (101a, 101b) in the longitudinal direction, which are articulated with one another about a vertical axis (X - X) - which is offset towards the front of the vehicle in relation to its center - connected are. 18. tractor vehicle according to claim 17, characterized in that the front portion (101a) of the chassis by means of a hydraulic lifting device (111) which is fixed to the rear portion (101b), at least relative to the rear portion (101b) rotatably.