DE20104591U1 - Decentralized solar energy center - Google Patents

Description

regenerative energy technology ' '

State of the art :

The use of solar thermal energy for domestic water heating can be achieved with current technology even in colder regions with annual coverage rates of over 60%, but this is not economical compared to alternative heat supplies based on fossil fuels. Today, its use makes sense purely for environmental protection reasons.

The current state of the art, with the extensive use of flat collectors, does not allow for sensible heating support in colder regions where there is a high energy demand for heating purposes, because in these regions, on the one hand, the solar energy supply in the months of high heat demand is more than 20 times lower than in the summer months and, on the other hand, the collectors act like energy-destroying machines due to their large heat exchange surfaces when there are large temperature differences between the outside air and the required collector temperature, and their efficiency quickly drops below 0 around freezing point.

The technical combination with concentrating, heat-loss-free mirrors and/or sun tracking systems did not bring any economic improvements, as this was too expensive with such large required systems and the loss of the diffuse solar radiation component during reflection cancelled out the advantages gained.

A "decentralized solar energy center" was registered as an invention under the reference PCT/DE99/00748, which, through a new inventive concept, largely eliminates heat losses according to the state of the art and also allows coupling with wind energy, photovoltaics and heat pumps in one plant block, thus achieving a high yield of renewable energy and multiplying the overall economic efficiency by reducing the material costs several times over.

Problem underlying the invention :'

This invention documented here is based on the technical path taken according to PCT/DE99/00748 with new inventive elements due to the following underlying problems.

1. The generation of heat via wind turbine/generator/heat pump is too complex.

2. The additional installation of voltaic elements on the outside of the solar funnel is sensible due to the additional solar energy gain through the 2-axis solar tracking, but the use of the solar funnel for voltaics at times of thermal energy coverage in the

" Summer makes even more sense as a supplement or alternative.

3. The system's design does not allow it to be combined with a rainwater collection system.

4. The adjustment for summer/winter positioning of the solar energy center is structurally complex and requires high adjustment forces,

5. Attaching the adjustment motors to the rotating shafts of the solar tracking system requires excessive actuating forces.

6. Protection against destruction by storms is only possible with structurally complex constructions.

Decentralized solar energy center

Helmut Juran, Andreas Schlüter Str. 12, 53639 Königswinter .15 March 2001

7. Protection against overheating is only possible by moving the entire system.

8. The solar storage system, as a central load-bearing unit, is statically and thermally overloaded and allows only limited flexibility in construction combinations.

9. The solar concentrating and heat accumulating funnel is too heavy as a ring construction, statically too inflexible and structurally too large.

10. The principle of a rotating solar thermal absorber plate with regenerative heat transfer is thermally optimal for very large systems and is also extremely advantageous in terms of construction.

However, for smaller systems with absorber areas of 0.8 to 2 square meters, this technology is too complex ^. ' - - ■ . ,

Invention :

In the order of the 10 problems listed above on which the invention is based.

The combination of a wind turbine with a heat storage unit, which is not possible with the current state of the art with storage units installed mainly in basements, allows the idea of converting the kinematic wind energy directly into heat. The corresponding inventive solution is characterized in that the drive shaft (5) originally led from the wind turbine to the generator is now led directly into the solar storage unit (19, 20), where agitator-like profiles (23) are attached, which convert the kinematic energy into heat when the wind turbine (1) rotates due to the resistance of the heat transfer medium in the storage unit:

A voltaic disk (7, 51, 53) which is approximately the size of the thermal absorber disk (9) is mounted in the middle of the solar funnel axis (5) within the solar funnel so that it can be moved manually or controllably so that it can use the indirect solar radiation from the reflecting funnel (54) to the desired predetermined proportions. The mounting and movement of these voltaic disk(s) (7, 51, 53) can be carried out in different ways depending on requirements. According to Figure 1, the bearing shaft of the wind turbine (3) is used as a supporting element on which the voltaic disk can also be moved from position A to position B for control purposes. According to Figure 6a, the voltaic disk (51) is pivotally attached to the middle of an axis which in turn penetrates the solar funnel (54) perpendicular to the solar radiation. According to Figure 6b, the voltaic disk is divided into two halves (53) which open and close in a controllable manner like butterfly wings in the folding principle directed towards the sun, whereby the folding movement takes place via an axis ¹ which in turn penetrates the solar funnel (54) transversely to the solar radiation. According to the principle of Figures 6a and 6b, the manual or alternatively automatic adjustment mechanism is installed outside the solar funnel.

3. . · ■ . ■ ' ' .'■■'■

If required, the solar energy center is placed over a rainwater collection tank (31) to which the energy center is connected in such a way that a flexible line (14) leads from an opening at the narrowest diameter of the solar funnel (54) to the rainwater filler neck (30) and directs the rainwater collected in the funnel (54) when it rains into the tank. If required, the rainwater collection tank is designed in such a way that the coolant evaporator (33) of a heat pump (29) is housed in it, which in turn is connected to the heat pump with flexible lines. If required, the space around this coolant evaporator (33) in the rainwater collection system is designed as an ice storage facility.

As far as the positioning or sun tracking according to Figure 4a is carried out from morning to evening via the rotation axis (42), the winter/summer tracking is carried out via a rotational movement of the base frame supporting the solar energy plant, in the form that the support frame is horseshoe-shaped.

Decentralized solar energy center

Helmut Juran, Andreas Schlüter Str. 12, 53639 Königswinter ■ 15 March 2001

and the center of the horseshoe semicircle is approximately at the center of gravity of the system, i.e. also in the middle of the morning/evening axis of rotation. A system set up like a rocking chair would also sway in one direction like a rocking chair and the system would tip slightly to the side if there was slight lateral pressure on the solar funnel (e.g. from wind). To avoid this, the solar energy center is designed so that the center of gravity is slightly below the intersection point of the two sun tracking axes of rotation, which was achieved according to Figure 1 by lowering the center of gravity of the solar storage unit by making the lower storage half shell (20) larger. After being pushed by a gust of wind, the system swings back into the vertical position according to Figure 1 like a tumbler without additional fastening. The center of gravity of the system is only lowered so much that the necessary movements along both axes for sun tracking require very little force for the actuators.

The adjustment mechanism (15,16,17,40,41,42,43,44) for tracking the sun in both axes of rotation is designed with long statically effective lever distances, in such a way that the point of application of force for the horseshoe support frame tilting movement is at the point (15) furthest possible from the tipping point (pivot point and point of contact on the foundation), which can also be designed as a pivot point for a winch (coil) transmitting tensile force, and further in such a way that the rotation of the shaft (42) carrying the solar system takes place via a threaded rod or rack (41) attached to it, bent in radius, the radius of which corresponds to the statically effective lever length, because this threaded rod is guided by the gear of the servomotor (40) attached to the horseshoe support frame.

The system installation and fastening form as well as the solar tracking form described under points 4 and 5 enables a very flexible protection technology against possible wind or storm damage. Since wind forces primarily act on the solar funnel (54), this is not designed to be rigid and statically inflexible to compensate for changing wind forces, but rather in individual segments (2), which are both flexibly attached to the profile support ring (48) and are also flexibly connected to one another at the top of the solar funnel. In addition, movement corripeners (17, 17a) are attached to the solar tracking mechanisms to compensate for wind gusts. In the event of extreme storm gusts, replaceable connecting elements (44) with predetermined breaking points are attached to the force transmission points of the adjustment mechanisms. When these elements break, the solar energy center evades the storm squall and, due to the low center of gravity arrangement, returns to the vertical position shown in Figure 1.

If the thermal energy requirement is exceeded, the voltaic disk (7,8,51,53) integrated in the solar funnel (54) according to Figure 1, 6a or 6b is adjusted in its position so that it reduces the solar radiation on the solar thermal absorber (9) exactly according to the power requirement and prevents it from overheating. The voltaic disk thus takes over the shielded solar radiation itself and converts it into electrical energy. Only if this control function is disrupted, if there is a risk of the solar thermal absorber overheating, would the solar energy center rotate controllably out of the solar radiation. Even if this function should fail, e.g. due to a power failure, an electromagnet coupled to the system lock would open and the system would swing into the vertical safety position according to Figure 1. This technology designed in this way therefore enables triple protection against overheating. '

8. The solar energy centre is characterised by the fact that it is made up of easily assembled and disassembled components in a sandwich construction. This applies to the horseshoe support frame and the solar funnel and especially to the solar storage tank. This is mainly divided into 2 halves, in

Decentralized solar energy center

Helmut Juran, Andreas Schlüter Str. 12, 53639 Königswinter 15 March 2001

the half directed towards the sun and the half turned away from the sun. Each half consists of an inner and an outer shell, whereby the outer shell directed towards the sun can be designed as the absorber shell (10) facing away from the sun. The shape of these shells can be freely selected depending on the desired system design. Insulating material and cables, pipes, fittings and devices can be accommodated between the inner (20) and outer (22) shell facing away from the sun. The same applies to the shells facing towards the sun (10,19), whereby the cables, pipes, fittings and devices here mainly relate to the heat transfer circuit (e.g. pump). The inner storage shells (19,20) are separated at their outer edge by a seal and are attached to this edge in a watertight manner to a profiled support ring adapted to the shape of the system and storage tank using clamping devices or screw connections. The outer storage shells (10, 22), the absorber (9) and the solar funnel (54) are typically not statically supported by the inner storage shells (19, 20), but by specially attached brackets (46, 49) of the support ring (48).

The solar funnel (54) consists of individual segments (2) of any number, made of reflective material on the inside of the solar funnel and light, statically reinforcing material on the outside of the solar funnel. These elements are designed with predominantly straight sealing surfaces or, depending on the overall system concept, with slightly curved (parabolic effect) mirror surfaces. The solar funnel segments (2) are flexibly attached to the support ring (48) on the circumference of the absorber disk (9) and are connected to one another at their connection points in an airtight but also predominantly flexible manner. > , ■ ■

The transparent absorber disk (9) facing the sun, preferably designed as round polygons, and the absorber disk (10) facing away from the sun are preferably not designed as horizontal plates, but rather slightly curved and/or with integrated statically reinforcing structures and are clamped together in a watertight manner at the disk circumference by means of an annular seal (12). The connections (openings) for the supply (13) and discharge (45) of the liquid heat transfer medium are mainly attached to the rear disk (10). The distance between the two absorber disks (9,10) can be designed flexibly so that a wide variety of solar energy absorbing surfaces, structures, suspended parts made of a wide variety of materials and material combinations (56) can be integrated between the disks, in such a way that the heat transfer medium flowing through the absorber flows around or through the solar energy absorbing surfaces and structures in the space between the front (9) and/or rear absorber disk (10) and/or inside, whereby the absorber structures through which the flow only occurs inside can be designed in such a way that they are directly connected to the inlets and outlets (13,45) of the heat transfer medium and thus the front (9) and rear (10) absorber disks are not touched by the heat transfer medium.

Advantageous effects of the invention :

In the order of the 10 previously mentioned problems or inventions on which the invention is based.

1. ' ■■·.'

The combination of a wind turbine with a heat storage unit with the direct conversion of the kinematic wind energy into heat via an agitator integrated in the storage unit is technically the simplest and cheapest option in the case of preferential heat production.

Decentralized solar energy center

Helmut Juran, Andreas Schlüter Str. 12, 53639 Königswinter March 15, 2001 ■

An adjustable voltaic disk integrated in the solar funnel (54) offers several significant advantages:

a) It uses solar tracking with an energy gain of about 30%.

b) During the period of heat coverage, it uses the solar energy reflected by the solar funnels and uses a 3 to 4 times higher solar supply during summer operation at these times without any additional effort. This multiplies the amortization rate of this integrated photovoltaic panel.

c) The adjustable adjustment of the voltaic disk according to the principles in Figures 1, 6a and 6b increases linearly its electrical output in proportion to the reduction of the thermal output, so that in the case of thematic energy overproduction the solar energy center does not have to be moved from its ideal position towards the sun.

d) The integrated voltaic disk represents an important safety factor to prevent overheating of the thermal absorbers.

e) The electricity generated by the photovoltaic panel can be fed into the public grid and, if required, e.g. to drive a heat pump in winter operation, can be reused.

f) If one were to receive compensation for the solar power fed into the public grid, this alone would amortise the solar energy centre in less than 10 years according to the current legal situation in the Federal Republic of Germany.

3. . ''' . · . ■ ■ ' A combination with a rainwater collection system (31) results in the following advantages:

a) The solar funnel (54) is ideally suited as a rainwater collecting funnel

b) In a solar energy center with integrated heat pump (29), the coolant evaporator (33) can be housed in the collected rainwater, which means that the evaporator temperatures can be raised very efficiently in winter operation compared to an air absorber. The technical effort for this evaporator design is also known to be significantly lower.

c) The space around the evaporator (33) can be designed as an ice storage facility inside the rainwater tank. In areas with a high demand for air conditioning, this makes very efficient air conditioning possible in summer operation, with the heat pump (29) fed by the photovoltaic system (7,8,51,53) transferring its waste heat to the solar storage tank via the coolant condenser (28) for domestic water heating.

The horseshoe-shaped tiltable support frame (36,37,38,39) can be tilted (rotated) with very little effort for winter/summer sun tracking as shown in Figure 4a, because the tilting pivot point is at the lowest point of the solar energy center and a statically large force transmission lever can therefore be used. This only requires very small servomotors with low power requirements. This horseshoe-shaped support frame also allows the solar energy center to be positioned from morning to evening as shown in Figure 4b. The static force application points require less material. '.

5. ' . . ·..·■'' The design of the rotation of the solar energy center using a semi-circular threaded rod of flexible length significantly reduces the force required for rotation and thus reduces the actuator and the installed power accordingly. The static force application points require less material. ~ ·

6· '■*'-■■ ■ ':'

The inventive technical measures presented to protect the solar energy center against wind and storms allow a very light and cost-effective construction of the entire system.

The empty weight of the solar energy plant for this dynamically flexible construction is likely to be only 50% to 70% of a design that offers a rigid, unyielding structure that can withstand wind and storms.

Decentralized solar energy center

Helmut Juran, Andreas Schlüter Str. 12, 53639 Königswinter 15 March 2001

7. ■·■■■',_·

Due to the multiple protection against overheating described above, the components of the solar energy center that come into contact with the heat transfer medium are mainly made of plastic: This makes the system lighter and more cost-effective. But what is even more important is that absorbers and storage units made of plastic transfer significantly less waste heat to the outside and thus significantly improve the thermal efficiency of the solar energy center.

The storage tank, which is divided into two half shells, can be designed solely to withstand its internal load caused by the pressure and temperature of the heat transfer medium, because it does not have to bear any other statically loaded components. In addition, each of the two storage tank half shells (19, 20) has a fastening ring flange at its statically strongest point, i.e. at the largest circumference with the largest material substance, which distributes the forces and static loads that occur over the entire ring and transfers them to the system support ring (48). This design requires very little material for the storage tank.

Furthermore, the outer shells of the solar storage tank (22,19), the solar funnel and the solar absorber can be attached to the system support ring independently of each other, regardless of the selected inner storage tank shape and design. . ~

The structural division of the solar energy center into a part above and a part below the system support ring allows a sandwich construction with minimal transport volume and flexible assembly. This means that the individual system components can be designed and combined in different ways as required, provided the dimensions of the respective connection dimensions have not been changed.

9. ■',- ■ ■ ■

Dividing the solar funnel (54) into several segments (2) of predominantly the same shape, which can be designed as horizontal or slightly curved sandwich panels, reduces the transport volume by a multiple. The total weight of the solar funnel is also significantly reduced because the segments can be made statically much lighter in a flexible composite that avoids wind forces. The construction of largely identical and smaller components also simplifies the manufacturing process.

10. ■ :

Depending on the application requirements of the solar energy center (e.g. southern installations, northern installations, summer operation, winter operation, solar thermal operation alone or combined operation with heat pump, wind energy or solar energy, proportion of diffuse radiation, proportion of concentrated radiation), different absorber processes can be advantageous. The optimization of thermal solar absorbers with 3 to 5 fan-shaped solar radiation is only just beginning. The principle shown of an absorber housing consisting of 2 removable, connected panes, into which a wide variety of solar-absorbing surfaces, materials, structures or floating parts can be integrated, enables the use and arbitrary interchangeability of a wide variety of absorber technologies without having to change anything essential in the solar energy center. ...

Decentralized solar energy center

Helmut Juran, Andreas Schlüter Str. 12, 53639 Königswinter 15 March 2001

Name and description of graphic figures 1 to 6

Figure 1 - Cross section of a solar energy centre, as it can be equipped with several system components (wind turbine for direct heat generation, adjustable voltaics integrated in the wind-repellent and heat-accumulating reflector funnel, solar thermal system, rainwater system, renewably supplied heat pump, 2-axis sun tracking, etc.)

Figure 2 - Side view of Figure 1

Figure 3a - profiled support ring of the 2-axis movable (sun-tracking) solar energy center

Figure 3b - static core of the energy center (support ring mounted on a horseshoe frame with inserted upper and lower storage half-shells and 2-axis solar tracking)

Figure 4a - Swivel ranges of the 2-axis solar tracking (both side views N/S and E/W), with the horseshoe support frame moving in the N/S axis (winter - summer)

Figure 4b - Swivel ranges of the 2-axis solar tracking (both side views N/S and E/W), with the horseshoe support frame moving in the E/W axis (morning - evening)

Figure 5 - View of the solar energy center (without wind turbine and without photovoltaic panels) from the sun position.

Figure 6a - Scheme of the installation of a voltaic disk adjustable by rotation in the funnel

Figure 6b - Scheme of the installation of two voltaic disks adjustable by folding mechanism in the funnel

Description of the components and functional parts according to Figures 1 to 6

1 wind turbine blade on the wind turbine

2 flexibly mounted individual reflector segments as ring-shaped assembled components of the wind-repellent, heat-accumulating and solar radiation-reflecting (concentrating) solar funnel (54)

3 Support pipe with multiple functions as bearing for the wind turbine shaft (5), bearing for the adjustable voltaic disk (7,8), overflow pipe for the atmospheric, pressureless solar storage tank

4 Bearing of the wind turbine power transmission shaft (5) on the support shaft (3)

5 Wind turbine power transmission shaft

6 Water level controller on the storage overflow pipe (3) with switching contact for water refill (26)

7 manually or automatically adjustable voltaic panels integrated in the solar funnel (position A without indirect sunlight via solar reflectors)

8 manually or automatically adjustable voltaic panels integrated in the solar funnel (position B with indirect sunlight via solar reflectors)

9 transparent solar thermal absorber disc facing the sun ¹

10 rear side of the absorber facing the storage tank ■ .

11 Rainwater collected in the reflector funnel

12 All-round insulation between the absorber panes facing the sun and the storage tank

13 Circulation pump of the heat transfer medium (preferably water) between storage tank and absorber

14 flexible rainwater overflow pipe from the reflector to the rainwater tank

15 Actuator with cable or cord reel (winch) for tilting the horseshoe support frame with predetermined breaking point on the power transmission part (usually a pin) in case of overload due to gusts of wind

16 Pull cable or cord for tilting the horseshoe carrying frame. <

17 Expansion compensator to compensate for peak loads during gusts of wind

17a Expansion joints at the attachment of the ends of the radius-bent threaded rod to compensate for peak loads in gusts of wind

18 Insulation between absorber (9,10) and upper storage half shell (19)

19 Upper storage half-shell fixed in the profiled support ring (48) and tightly connected to lower storage half-shell (20) with ring seal (47)

20 Lower storage half-shell fastened in the profiled support ring (48) and tightly connected to upper storage half-shell (19) with ring seal (47).

21 Space between the storage tank (20) and the second outer storage tank half-shell (22), mainly insulated and designed so that pipes, fittings and equipment can also be accommodated as required

Decentralized solar energy center

Helmut Juran, Andreas Schlüter Str. 12, 53639 Königswinter _t ■ 15 March 2001

Description of the components and functional parts according to Figures 1 to 6

22 outer, second storage half shell on the bottom of the storage tank

23 components attached to the wind turbine power transmission shaft (5) for converting the kinematic wind energy into heat by stirring function in the solar storage

24 Heat exchangers for heating water or service water variable as a classic pipe coil or as a metal intermediate storage tank (drawing) or otherwise designed

25 Return line for heating or used water circuit

26 Water feed into the atmospherically open solar storage tank from KW or BW controlled by level controller (6)

27 Supply line for heating or used water circuit

28 Refrigerant condenser of a heat pump that can be integrated into the solar energy centre (refrigerant evaporator for cold storage function)

29 heat pumps that can be integrated into the solar energy centre

30 Filling connection of the rainwater supply into the rainwater collection tank

31 rainwater collection tanks

32 collected rainwater,

33 Refrigerant evaporator connected to the heat pump (29) by flexible pipes, which extracts energy from the rainwater collection tank in a variant for energy extraction from the ambient air

34 Drain pipe for rainwater use

35 "Holes for connecting the components of the horseshoe support structure (36,37,38,39) with connecting profiles (pipes, bolts, threaded rods ...)

36 connecting support profiles between the pivoting system support frame (48) and the horseshoe support elements (37,38,39)

37 Radius shaped horseshoe profile at the top

38 radius shaped horseshoe profile arranged at the bottom

39 static components connecting the horseshoe profiles (37,38)

40 Actuator with gear for penetrating threaded rod (41)

41 semicircular threaded rod that penetrates the gear (40)

42 shafts attached to the profile frame (48) supporting the system for rotatable mounting in the horseshoe support structure (36,37,38,39)

43 Connecting profile between system support ring (48) and semicircular threaded rod (41)

44 bolts with predetermined breaking point to secure the system in the event of storm gusts

45 Return flow line of the liquid heat transfer medium from the absorber to the solar storage tank

46 profiles that can be attached to the system support ring (48) to hold the reflector plates (2) and the lower solar storage tank half shell (22) with insulation (821) and integrated components

47 ring seal or seals connecting the two solar storage tank halves (19,20)

48 System profile support ring, the shape of which is adapted to the specific system design

49 Fastening eyelets on the system profile support ring (48) for attaching support profiles (46)

50 shaft penetrating the system reflector funnel transversely as a rotary joint of a voltaic disk attached to it and thus adjustable by rotation

51 adjustable voltaic disk, adapted to the system shape and size, mounted on a pivoting base

52 shaft penetrating the system reflector funnel transversely as a pivot joint of two voltaic disks attached to it and thus adjustable by folding mechanism

53 adjustable voltaic disks, adapted to the shape of the system, arranged in parallel, hinged

54 wind-repellent, heat-accumulating and solar radiation-reflecting (concentrating) solar funnels

55 statically stable profile pane as transparent additional thermal insulation in front of the absorber (9)

56 Solar energy absorbing collectors, surfaces, materials, structures or suspended parts

Claims (11)

1. Decentralized solar energy center, characterized in that the support frame is designed like a movable rocking chair with 2 parallel horseshoe-shaped profile frames ( 37 , 38 ) which are connected to static profiles ( 35 , 36 , 39 ), whereby the profiles ( 36 ) fastened between their ends also serve as bearings for a shaft ( 42 ), characterized in that the entire solar energy center is rotatably mounted via this shaft and the system support ring ( 48 ) fastened to it, whereby the ends of the horseshoe support frame are directed vertically upwards in the vertical position of the solar energy center according to Fig. 1 and the outer sides of the support profiles ( 38 ) are in the middle of the level ground, characterized in that the support frame only touches the level ground at 2 points and is nevertheless stable, characterized in that the center of gravity of the solar energy center is preferably lower than the horizontally aligned axis (shaft) ( 42 ) of the system support ring ( 48 ), whereby the entire solar energy plant including its support frame can be moved (tilted) in a controlled manner under lateral force application in the opposite direction to the rotational movement of the support ring ( 48 ) and thus a controllable orientation of the system in 2 directions is provided. 2. Decentralized solar energy center according to protection claim 1, characterized in that the solar energy center is attached to a profiled support ring ( 48 ), which in turn is rotatably attached to 2 shaft ends ( 42 ) attached to it at the upper ends of the horseshoe-profile support frame, characterized in that the inside of the solar storage unit, which preferably consists of 2 halves ( 19 , 20 ), is attached in a watertight manner to the inside of the support ring and the likewise divided outside of the solar storage unit ( 10 , 22 ), as well as the solar funnel ( 54 , 2 ) and the absorber ( 9 , 10 , 12 , 55 ) are attached to the outer ring of the support ring ( 48 ). 3. Decentralized solar energy center according to one of the aforementioned protection claims, characterized in that the solar funnel ( 54 ) of the solar energy center consists of several identical segments ( 2 ) of any number, which are flexibly attached to the system support ring ( 48 ) and are held together in the form of an airtight overall funnel by being connected at their touching edges with flexibly expandable holders. 4. Decentralized solar energy center according to one of the aforementioned protection claims, characterized in that a wind turbine is attached to the outside of the solar funnel ( 54 ), characterized in that the blades of the wind turbine ( 1 ) are attached outside the solar funnel opening and the wind turbine is connected to a shaft ( 5 ) which leads directly into the solar storage tank, in the form that profiles of any shape are attached to this shaft on the inside of the storage tank, which are moved when the wind turbine rotates against the resistance of the heat transfer medium in the storage tank. 5. Decentralized solar energy center according to one of the aforementioned protection claims, characterized in that a voltaic surface ( 7 , 8 ) is attached within the solar funnel ( 54 ) above and preferably parallel to the integrated absorber disk ( 9 ) and preferably in the size of the visible surface of the absorber disk oriented towards the sun, in a movable and controllable manner, characterized in that this voltaic surface can move from the position ( 8 ) closest to the absorber disk to a position ( 7 ) far away from the absorber, from which the sun rays reflected by the solar funnel are reflected solely onto the absorber. 6. Decentralized solar energy center according to protection claim 5, characterized in that a voltaic surface ( 51 ) mounted in the solar funnel is rotatably and controllably attached to an imaginary axis ( 50 ) penetrating the solar funnel in such a way that it reduces the solar radiation on the absorber ( 9 ) with the rotation or increases it in the opposite direction and correspondingly reduces or increases the solar radiation on the voltaic surface itself in the opposite way. 7. Decentralized solar energy center according to protection claims 5 and 6, characterized in that a voltaic surface ( 53 ) installed in the solar funnel, preferably divided into two equal halves, is hinged and adjustable on an imaginary axis ( 50 ) penetrating the solar funnel so that when the voltaic surfaces are folded towards the sun, all direct solar rays and those reflected by the solar funnel hit the absorber disk and in the open folded position, i.e. preferably parallel to the integrated absorber disk, no more solar radiation hits the absorber disk ( 9 ) and thus old solar rays hit the voltaic surface itself. 8. Decentralized solar energy center according to one of the aforementioned protection claims, characterized in that the solar energy center avoids wind and storm gusts with flexible movements without damage, characterized in that under normal wind loads the compensators ( 17 , 17a ) spring-mounted on the brackets of the 2-axis solar tracking adjustment devices ( 15 , 16 , 43 , 41 , 40 ) cushion the loads and under extreme storm loads predetermined breaking points ( 44 ) unlock the solar energy center from the adjustment devices ( 40 , 15 ). 9. Decentralized solar energy center according to one of the aforementioned protection claims, characterized in that the solar energy center is set up above a rainwater collection system ( 31 ), in such a way that the solar funnel ( 54 ) is connected to the rainwater collection system via a flexible line, so that the rainwater collected in the upwardly directed solar funnel ( 54 ) immediately flows into the collection container ( 31 ). 10. Decentralized solar energy center according to protection claim 9, characterized in that the coolant evaporator of a heat pump ( 29 ) integrated in the solar energy center is installed in the water collected in the rainwater collection basin ( 31 ) and extracts the environmental energy from the rainwater there, characterized in that this coolant evaporator is connected by flexible lines to the heat pump, which transfers the heat extracted from the rainwater via the coolant condenser ( 28 ) into the solar storage tank. 11. Decentralized solar energy center according to protection claims 9 and 10, characterized in that the narrower space around the coolant evaporator ( 33 ) in the rainwater collection tank is designed as an ice storage tank and the coolant evaporator ( 33 ) in the summer months for the purpose of home air conditioning the heat only from the water in the ice storage tank and the heat is fed into the solar storage tank via the heat pump ( 29 ) and the coolant condenser for domestic water heating, characterized in that the electrical energy for the heat pump is taken from the public grid at night when the ice storage tank is loaded and is fed back into the grid during the day via the installed photovoltaic system, i.e. is generated CO2-free.