DE2046552A1 - Tractor with a sliding driver's seat - Google Patents

Description

"Sliding Seated Tractor" The invention relates to one Tractor or such a self-propelled vehicle with coupling devices or for carrying tools, as well as with a driver's seat connected to the tractor.

In a tractor of this type, the driver's seat usually takes one Fixed position in relation to the tractor or the tools to be coupled with the tractor a. This limits the use of the tractor while the driver does not have the best possible view of the work to be done under all circumstances Has work.

The aim of the invention is to create a tractor of the type mentioned above, in which the disadvantages mentioned are eliminated. According to the invention is the driver's seat at least with regard to the tool which is firmly coupled to or on the tractor a direction almost transversely to the driving direction of the tractor over a certain The distance can be shifted into one or more positions and can be fixed in these positions.

According to a further feature of the invention is the tractor or the similar, self-driving vehicle with a sliding driver's seat and on the front and back with lifting devices, with two in the direction of travel wheel axles and a drive device with auxiliary tools provided and is characterized in that the drive device is between the two wheel axles is below a level above which the driver's seat is adjustable is. This structural measure will, among other things, improve accessibility to the Top of the tractor enlarged.

According to a third feature of the invention is a tug or a similar, self-driving vehicle with a surface, above or on its tools can be arranged, and with means for coupling a tool on or on the tractor, characterized in that the attachment means are a part a lifting device movable in the upward direction. lirch this measure the possibilities of coupling the tools to be attached to the tractor are considerable enlarged.

According to a fourth feature of the invention, in which on a tractor or a similar, self-propelled vehicle, a loading box can be attached, the tractor is characterized by having the loading box provided with means is through which the loading box over a certain distance over an area of the The tractor can be guided and held in such a way that the tractor is free from the loading box.

This structural measure enables loading and unloading of the loading box effectively feasible, the invention is explained in more detail with reference to the accompanying figures; Advantages and further features of the invention are emphasized; show it: Figures 1 to 9 are a side view, a plan view and a front view of a tractor according to the invention, in particular the different structural embodiments the connection between the driver's seat or the cabin and the tug illustrated will; 10 schematically shows a coupling between a connecting or support arm the cabin with the tractor; Figures 11 and 12 are a plan view or rear view of a beam that can be attached to the lifting device of the tractor 13 and 14 show a plan view and side view, respectively, with a rear light system a combination of a tractor according to the invention and one on or on the Tractor coupled, agricultural tools and one on the front The maize chopper is coupled to the tractor and one on or above a surface load box attached to the tractor; 15 schematically shows a partial construction a lifting device on the front of the tractor; Figure 16 is a side view a structural embodiment of a slot means of a loading box; Fig. 17 a side view of a combination of a tractor according to the invention and one Pick-up device on the front of the tractor and one on the tractor arranged loading box; the Sig. 18 and 19 a side view or respectively. an outside view a combination of a tractor according to the invention and one on the tractor attached loading box with a spreader device; 20 schematically shows a partial construction the loading device according to Fig. 18 or 19, Figs. 21 and 22 are a side view or Top view of a combination of a tractor with a combine harvester.

The tractor 1 shown in Figs. 1 and 2 has one of Axes 2 and 3 supported structure 4, which can be self-supporting. On the axles 2 and 3, the tyred tractor wheels 5 and 5A of the same dimensions are attached. In this preferred embodiment, those are attached to the front axle 2 Wheels 5 or the wheels 5A mounted on the rear axle 3 together or separately drivable. The steering options of tractor 1, i.e. by means of the front Lwnkstangen 6 and the rear handlebars 7 are fEtr the front or. Rear wheels independent of each other. The tractor has a two-point lifting device on the front 8 with the support arms 9 and 10 which can be pivoted about a horizontal axis. On the back is the tractor 1 in a known manner with a three-point -Lifting device 11 provided. On the frame of the tractor 1, a support beam t2 is attached, with the an arm 13 is pivotably coupled, which arm per se is pivotable with a cabin 14 in which a driver's seat is housed. The arm 13 has in this preferred Ausftflirungsform the shape of a hollow beam, which is through a vertical Joint axle 15 is coupled to the supporting beam 12. Through the hollow beam 13 are Lines, cables and the like (not shown) stirred, forming the cables and lines Parts of the steering device and the steering mechanism of the tractor. On the other End 16 of drag arm 13 is rotatably arranged about a vertical axis 17 of the driver's seat. The driver's seat 18 and the steering device 19 are in a preferred embodiment housed in the cabin 14, which is a closed cabin. This cabin will entirely or partially formed by glass walls and in a favorable AusfEhrungsform the surface of the rectangular roof 20 is one half to two times larger than that Floor area 21 of the cabin.

The glass panes 21A of the booth 14 converge in this favorable position Embodiment from the roof to the floor 21. The cabin 14 is also provided with a Air conditioning or provided with a radio transceiver so that the driver can do its job under optimal conditions.

According to the invention, the cabin 14 is rotatable on the arm 13 and pivotable around the hinge axis 15 and, as shown in Fig. 2, the driver's seat be placed in at least two layers. In the indicated by full lines Location is the driver's seat but the tractor while in the dashed line Lines indicated the position of the driver's seat in front of or on the side of the tractor is. The support beam 12 contains a locking device 22 through which the cabin can be fixed in the two positions shown (see Fig. 2).

The tractor naxh of the invention is further characterized by an upper surface which has a horizontal portion 1A covering part of the whole upper surface of the tractor. It is also preferred to use the tugboat to be provided with a vertically operating lifting device which in the consists essentially of four lifting cylinders 23, two of which are near the front and two near the back of the tractor. According to Fig. 2 are located two lifting cylinders on each side of the structure 4 approximately at the height of the Fastening bar 12. The lifting cylinders 23 are also in a known manner connected to the hydraulic system of the tractor.

In an advantageous Ansihhrungsform are on the top of the Lifting cylinder 23 parts of a locking device attached, which act as coupling means They can be used for the loading area or for the tools. These parts consist of tapered fastening strips or rules 24 with openings 25 for receiving a locking pin.

On the underside of the area tA between the mragaxes 2 and 3 the drive device 26 of the tractor is arranged, which in this embodiment is arranged transversely with respect to the direction of travel A of the tractor. The discharge opening of the engine compartment 27 is provided with treasure gauze 29 and there are running boards 28 on attached to this part.

According to the views of FIGS. 3 and 4, the cabin 20 is on a parallelogram of rods 30 arranged. It should be noted that the same structural parts are designated with the same reference numbers. The cabin 14 in this advantageous Embodiment is held by an arm 31 which is pivotable on the support beam 12 is attached in such a way that the cabin differs from that in Fig. 4 by solid lines indicated position can be swiveled into the position indicated by dashed lines can.

The cabin is located on the left front of the tractor 1. In the position indicated by dashed lines according to FIG. 1, the area is 1A then fully accessible to a tool or to be placed on the tractor a loading area0 The rod 32 of the parallelogram 30 forms in this advantageous AusfUhrungsforn a locking rod, which together with the locking device, not shown for the cabin 14 as a fixing device in the different working positions serves. The rod 32 can be locked in the device 33 for this purpose an end part of the locking rod 32 lying in the locking device has a slot for recording a Spring pin 34. When the pin is removed, the rod 32 can be removed from the locking device 33 so that the Cabin pivoted on the support arm 31 into the position indicated by dashed lines can be, whereupon the rod 32 about the pivot point 35 under the cabin 14 over about 3600 is driven; whereupon it is guided back into the locking device 33 and is fixed by the spring pin 34, in contrast to the cabin according to the 1 and 2 is the cabin 14 according to FIGS. 3 and 4 with small side windows 36 and 37, while a driving light and on the underside of this cabin a headlight system 38 is attached0 On the front is the tractor provided with an additional support member 39, on which parts of one in front of the tractor firmly coupled tool can be held. In this embodiment attached to the lifting device 11 a bar 40, which at the ends with taillights 41 and 42 is provided. The tractor also has a self-aligning coupling mechanism on the rear 43, part of which is formed by a towing eye.

It should be noted that according to FIG. 4, the upper part 23A of a lifting cylinder 23 has a rectangular shape; this results in a larger wing for the tool to be picked up.

Furthermore, the cardan shaft 44 of the front drive is through a, with cross couplings 45 provided drive axle 46 is connected to the drive device 26.

According to FIGS. 5, 6 and 7, the cabin 14 is mounted on an arm 47, the one pivot point 48 near the left rear side in the plan view according to FIG. 6 with the cab 14 and a second articulated connection 49 with the tractor frame. In a preferred embodiment, the articulated connection 49 is located (according to 6) within a space enclosed by the structure 4. It is preferable to attach the pivot point 49 near the left front wheel of the tractor. The arm 47 consists of two parts 47A and 47B (see Fig. 6). The part 47A of the arm 47 is curved while the second part 473 is straight. It is preferable to use the hinge point 49 of the support arm 47 under the upper surface 1A of the tractor. to arrange. By this structural measure is the driver's seat 18 with respect to the area 1A somewhat sunk, which reduces the overall height of the tractor. Due to the specific shape of the support arm 47, the cabin 14 can be conveniently placed on the left The front of the tractor can be pivoted, with the part 47A of the support arm 47 utadas wheel 5 of the tractor is used. It is also favorable that in the two outermost layers of the cabin, the latter can be resiliently locked on the lock.

For this purpose, the locking devices 50 and 51 are between The tractor and driver's seat are arranged, with the driver sitting on the underside with a fastening strip 52 is provided, which is provided with a fastening strip 53 of the tractor forms part of the locking device 50. The two fasteners 52 and 53 can be fixed against each other by a locking pin 54. In the same way, the driver's seat is moved into the position indicated by dashed lines locked. In the tractor according to the invention is the stability of the tractor especially guaranteed, which is almost constant even on hilly terrain. To this Purpose, the engine compartment is arranged near the rear axle and in this embodiment the cabin 14 is attached in front of the engine compartment 27, as seen in the direction of travel. Furthermore, the steering device 19 and a cardan shaft 44 (Fig. 7) are on both sides the plane of symmetry o-c of the tractor. It is in this embodiment furthermore advantageous that the lifting cylinders 23 close to the axes of the tractor wheels 5 and 5A are attached.

According to FIGS. 8 and 9, the cabin 14 is in almost the same way coupled to the tractor 1 as in the embodiment according to FIGS. 5 and 6. The arm 56 consists of two parts, of which the part 56A is kinked. Preferably the cab 14 is resiliently connected to the frame of the tractor t so that it can easily evade in vertical elehtung. This is done on the bottom the cabin 14 attached a bracket 57, which has an axis 58 on which an arm or a rod 59 (see Fig. 10) is attached. This arm 59 is through a The locking device 60 is connected to the engine compartment 27.

Not only with the axis 58 but also with an axis 61 is the Support arm 9 pivotally connected, which axis 61 is connected to the e% 57.

According to FIG. 10, the locking arm 59 is provided with a shoulder 62 an opening 63 that fits around the axis 58. In this advantageous embodiment are between the extension 62 and the shoulder 64 or 65 of the axis 58, bowl springs 66 mounted so that the cabin 14 attached to bracket 57 with respect to the arm 59 can dodge resiliently. To achieve a supple suspension of the cabin is on the one hand the opening 63 of the approach 62 with play around the axis 58 and is on the other hand by the articulation of the arm 59 with the articulation axis 61 a slight twisting of the gels 57 with respect to the locking arm is made possible. the Booth 14 can be moved into the position indicated by dashed lines (FIG. 9) by removing the locking pin 67 from the locking device 60 will. When the car is in this position, the locking arm 50 becomes the same Way in the front locking device 604i. This cheap construction gives the advantage that the driver is in the cab when driving through caves or small graves only little cup learns.

Figures 11 and 12 show the individual construction of the beam 40, which can be attached to the three-point lifting device of the tractor. The beam 40 is a hollow beam to which two lower beams 68 are attached, the be inserted into the support arms 69 of the three-point lifting device 11 of the tractor can, to which as can be fixed by a locking device 70. in the Beams 40 along the part 68 extend electrical lines 71 of the electrical System for the rear lights 72 of the tractor. The bar 40 also has a brake light 73 and a reversing light 74.

As a result of the design of the beam according to FIGS. 11 and 12, the air conditioning system can of the tractor, which is housed in the beam 40, more or less from the tractor frame removed so that the three-point lifting device of the tractor is convenient Way can be exploited. With this structural measure, the The upper surface 1A of the tractor is optimally used, at least in the longitudinal direction without endangering driving safety.

The tractor is driven by the engine 26 via a Cross-coupling provided drive axle 46t and a cardan axle 44A to the rear Axis 3 and a drive axle 46 provided with Ereusungskupplungen and the Eardanachße 44 to the front axle 2.

The tractor makes it possible to work as follows: In the in the figures the position of the driver's seat shown, the tractor acts like a towing vehicle or a vehicle carrying a tool on the front or rear jack. The tractor can also be used with the driver's seat in position after the Fig. 2, 4, 6 and 9 (indicated with dashed lines) 0 In this case, the Tractors carry tools or a loading area or a loading box by means of the Lifting cylinder 23 and the Anktipplungsorgane 24 in the manner described above, the following for the combinations of a tractor with a tool in more detail is discussed. The tractor according to the invention has the advantage that it is large Can carry machines and transport large loads, Perner has the advantage that the driver has a good view in at least two positions of the seat. this is particularly important in those positions of the driver's seat in which the seat is on the front of the tractor is. The driver's seat is arranged in such a way that that a good view of the tractor and those in front of the tractor Parts of the attached tool is obtained. The tug still has one low construction, which increases the stability especially on slopes.

The location of the engine and the driver's seat between the four powered ones Wheels is cheap considering the simple construction of the tractor and the low, flat construction made possible by this. It is advantageous that the two-point lifting device is attached to the front of the tractor, creating openings for the ERhlsystee the tractor engine can easily be provided. Although the driver's seat is in the plane of symmetry C-O of the tractor can be, it is favorable this asymmetric - Seen in the direction of travel A, to be arranged on the right-hand side of the tractor (Fig. 7). In this way, in the pivoted positions of the cabin 14, which is through dashed lines are indicated, the driver closer to those parts of (the) tool (tools) mounted on the tractor that it is supposed to control. With reverse traffic is It is also advantageous that the driver's seat is on the left in the pivoted position The front of the tractor is standing. As a result of the swiveling cabin, the Tractor according to the invention still has the advantage of easy accessibility of the Engine compartment 27.

According to FIGS. 13 and 14, a loading box 75 is on the tractor 1 attached, which is part of a maize chopper 76 attached to the front of the tractor forms. In this preferred embodiment, parts of the side walls 77 can be folded up educated. The upper portion 77A of a side wall is about a horizontal axis 78 pivotable. The height of the part 77A of the wall 77 of the loading box 75 is in this Embodiment about 10 * the total height of the loading box 75. Preferably, the Height of the loading box 2.50m. The loading box 75 is still in a known manner a scraper floor 79 is provided, which is on the back but a gear housing 80 by means of a drive axle 82 provided with Ereuzungskupplungen 81 with the PTO shaft of the Tractor t is connected. The bottom 83 of the loading box is according to the invention with Fastening strips 84 provided which form part of the locking device of the Form loading box 75 on the Urag and lifting cylinders 23 of the tractor 1. The cabin 14 is pivoted according to FIGS. 13 and 14 to the front of the tractor 1, in which Position it is locked.

The cabin is then near the front of the left front wheel 5 and also on the top of the chopper 76.

The driver thus has a good overview of the effect of the whole Contraption. The material chopped by chopper 76 is also processed in a known manner guided through a discharge channel 85 into the loading box 75. The chopper 76 is in This version is coupled with the two-point lifting device of the tractor. The two-point lifting device is provided with special coupling parts, which will be discussed further with reference to FIG. The loading box 75 still has a support device 86, the mode of operation of which is explained in more detail with reference to FIG will. It should be noted that in a tractor according to the invention, the cooling air for the engine, which enters on the front, (see arrow D in Figs. 4 and 15) by a air lock 87 formed by the structure 4 of the tractor 1 in the engine compartment 27 flows in and away again on its side edge.

Referring to Fig. 15, a maize chopper 76 is on the fseipoint lifting device 8 attached by a linkage, of which the support arms 9 and 10 form a part. A support arm 9 or 10 is pivotably connected to a bracket 88 of the front axle 2, while the other part 'of the support arm 9 is pivotable with a rectangular support frame 89 is connected. The support frame 89 itself is pivotable with an adjusting rod 90 connected, one end part 90A of which is pivotably connected to the support arm 9. To increase the stability, the support arm can also be swiveled with a Angle lever 91 connected to the frame of the tractor by an axle 92 1 is connected. In the design according to FIG. 15, a two-point lifting device can be used on the front of the tractor, making a tool more effective Way can be coupled with the tractor.

According to Fig. 1, on the bottom 83 of a loading box 75 (see Fig. 14) a mounting plate 93 is attached to which a rod or axle 94 is pivotable can be attached. The axis is in this preferred embodiment with a screwable support part 95 is provided, through which the overall length of the axis 94 is changed can be. At a certain distance from the mounting plate 93 is a second, smaller mounting plate 96 attached to which a second rod or Axis 97 is articulated. Furthermore, the frame of the bottom 83 contains a sealing device 98, by means of which the rods or axes 94 and 97 in a horizontal position in in relation to the direction of travel of the tractor (arrow A). The drag or support device 86 of the loading box 75 is made effective when the box is to be uncoupled from the tractor or when it is on the tractor 1 must be attached. The rod 94 is then inserted in the dashed lines indicated position dangerous, while the rod 97 with an end part 97A in the locking strip 99 is locked. If, for example, the loading box from the tractor is to be disengaged, the hydraulic system of the lifting cylinder 23 is energized; the loading box 79, through the fastening strips 84 on the bracket 24 of the lifting cylinder 23 is attached, something is lifted, whereupon the driver by loosening the Linkage 94 or 97 from the lock 98, the support device of the loading box can lead to the position indicated by dashed lines.

(see Fig. 16). The driver then removes the lock between the loading box 75 and the hydraulic cylinders 23, whereupon the hydraulic pressure the cylinder 23 is decreased so that the loading box is shifted downward and finally arrives at the linkage 94 or 97 of the support means 86, the upper one Area 1A of the tractor 1 is then free from the floor 83 of the loading box 75, see above that the tractor can drive away from under the loading box, which box then on the ground stop.

According to Fig. 17 is on the front of the tractor 1 a recording and border device 100 of known type attached. The one held by impellers 101 Device 100 is similar to the chopper according to FIGS. 13 and 14 on the two-point lifting device 8 attached to the front of the tractor. The discharge channel 102 of the device 700 nrünaet in a loading box 75, which is in the same way on the upper surface 1A of the tractor 1 is attached and supported by the cylinders 23, as is described above with reference to FIGS. 13 and 14. The cabin 14 is also for left front of the tractor 1 and fixed in this so that the driver has a good view of the device 100.

According to FIGS. 18 and 19, a 1 is on the surface 1A of the tractor Collector box 103 attached, which in this embodiment is at a discharge end 104 is provided with a scattering device 105. In a preferred embodiment this device 105 contains a number of disks rotatable about vertical axes 106 or twisted lugs 107. By means of the scattering device 105 this is done in the box 103 existing material scattered In a favorable embodiment is in one distance about a third of the length from the front seen, the loading box 103 with an axis extending transversely to the direction of travel 108 provided, which can be pivoted through hollow arms 109 and 110 with a second transverse to the direction of travel axis 111 is connected. With the axis 111 is pivotable a loading bucket 112 with tines 113 attached. The loading bucket 112 is through a special articulated connection 114 firmly coupled to the axle 111. The articulated connection 114 is explained in more detail with reference to FIG. In the support arms 109 and 110 respectively an endless chain 115, which runs over gears 116 and 117, which are fixed are connected to the axes; 108 and 111, respectively. Parts of the chains, not shown 115 are slidably coupled to the gear housing 109 or 110 in such a way that that when the chains 115 are rotated about the gears 116 or 117, dieoXit a Have a fixed connection with the axles 108 and 109, the chains around the gears 116 or 117 unwind while the cross axes opposite each other are in the same position maintained. It will be evident that the loading bucket 112 with respect to a certain starting position always remains in the same position if, according to Fig. 18 the support structure 118 of the Ladelöffel8 112 in the first indicated by dashed lines Position is pivoted. This structural measure enables, for example, the filled loading bucket the material picked up via the cabin behind the cabin into the loading box 103 to be submitted. For this purpose, the loading spoon is dashed down to the second indicated position according to Fig. 18 can be pivoted. To achieve the desired effect, a special articulation 114 (see Fig. 20) is used.

This articulation consists essentially of one with the axis 111 connected, hydraulic control cylinder lt9, whose control rod 120 is pivotable is attached to a spring-loaded cam 121 which is inserted into a U-shaped beam 122 fits.

The U-shaped bar forms part of the loading bucket 112. In one a certain distance from the U-shaped beams 122 is an axis 123 on the loading bucket 112 attached, on which axis a spring 125 is subject to the tension of a spring clip 124 is attached, which spring is further attached about an axis 126. the axis 126 lies on a bracket 127 of the transverse axis 111. When the loading scoop over the dropping point of the loading box 103 arrives, the hydraulic control cylinder 119 is energized, whereby the control rod 120 displaces the cam 121 against the tension of the fire 121A. The cam is thereby pushed out of the U-shaped beam 122, causing the loading bucket 112 around the axis under the action of the material on the loading spoon 123 can tilt. As soon as the material is poured into the loading box 103, it is the loading spoon 112 returns to its starting position under the action of the spring 125. 20 or to the first position indicated by dashed lines according to FIG. 18 back-travel, the cam 121 being pushed back into the U-shaped beam 122.

Figures 21 and 22 show another combination of a tractor according to the invention with an agricultural tool, in this case one Combine Harvester128. The mowing and grounding part attached to the front of the tractor129 of the combine harvester 128 is by a linkage 130 with the support arm 9 or 10 of the front Lifting device 8 of the tractor 1 connected. The threshing machine 131 of the combine harvester 128 is arranged on the surface 1A of the tractor and is controlled by the adjustment or. Support cylinders 23 held by a locking pin 132. The strip 132 is on the Locked in the manner described above with a projection 24 of the cylinder 23. the Assembly or disassembly of the threshing part on or from surface 1A of the tractor also take place by means of the support means 86, which are not shown in these figures but their effect / is explained with reference to FIG. In this advantageous Embodiment connects to the engine compartment 27, an air discharge pipe 133, which opens the top of combine 128 sends out.

It is also advantageous that the Xähdrescher128 on both Sides of the threshing machine 131 with grain bunkers 134 resp.

135 is provided, which in a side view is substantially triangular are designed and have the same content.

This structural measure increases the stability of the entire combination enlarged. The grain bunkers 134 and 135 are by the screw conveyor 136 and the endless front 137 and filled by the one on the bottom of the bunker Existing discharge conveyor 138 turns the grain into a packing or conveying device supplied.

In this way, the usability of the tractor according to the invention the combination of an agricultural tool and a tractor to a large extent increased, while the usability of the tractor especially on hilly terrain Terrain is also enhanced by its special shape.

The invention is therefore not limited to that shown in the figures Combinations of an agricultural machine or other tool with a tractor or one of the embodiments of the tractor, as these are only the possibilities illustrate a tractor according to the invention.

The design and arrangement of the individual parts as they are in the Drawings shown are the mode of operation and intended use of the Schleppers especially adapted and contribute to the solution dwr underlying the invention Task of such a tractor compared to conventional designs in its to improve puncture and manufacturing technology.

- patent claims -

Claims (1)

PATENT CLAIMS -1. Tractor or similar self-propelled vehicle with devices for coupling or carrying tools and with one with the The driver's seat connected to the tractor, characterized in that the driver's seat (18) at least with regard to the tool firmly coupled to or on the tractor (75,103) in a direction almost transversely to the direction of travel of the tractor (1) over a certain one The distance can be shifted into one or more positions and can be fixed in these positions ist0 2. tractor according to claim 1, characterized in that the driver's seat (18) is housed in a closed, transparent cabin (14) through a support arm (13) is coupled to the tractor. A tractor according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the support arm (13) of the cabin is an articulated connection (15,49) with the tugboat on the side of the tugboat, at least on the side of the longitudinal plane of symmetry of the tractor is the 4th tractor after one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the hinge axis in a plan view (15) the articulated connection of the support arm of the cabin (14) with the tractor in one through the tow bar & the walking level. 5. Tractor according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that that the distances between the hinge axis of the hinge connection of the support arm (13) of the cabin (14) to the front axle (2) of the tractor or to the rear axle (3) of the tractor have a ratio of 1 to 2 to 3. 6. Tractor according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that that the hinge axis (15) is limited by the four tractor wheels (5.5A) Space. 7. Tractor according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that that the cabin (14) has a one-piece front glass pane that extends from the roof runs to the cabin floor. 8. Soleplate according to one of the preceding claims, characterized marked, that the upper surface or the roof (20) of the cabin (14) is larger than the floor surface (21) the cabin. 9. tractor according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that the cabin (14) has four transparent side surfaces (21A) facing from the roof (20) of the cabin (14) converging to the ground 10. Tractor after one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the steering wheel (19) of the Tractor is arranged outside the center of the driver's seat (8), 11. tractor or similar self-propelled vehicle with a sliding driver's seat and with lifting devices on the front and back, two in the direction of travel wheel axles arranged one behind the other and a drive device with auxiliary tools, characterized in that the drive device (26) between the two wheel axles (2,3) is arranged below a plane (1A) over which the driver's seat (8) is displaceable is. 12. Tractor according to claim 11, characterized in that the distances the center of gravity of the drive device (26) from the rear axle (3) or from the front axle (2) have a ratio of 1: 2 to 3. 13. Tractor according to one of the preceding claims and according to claim 11 or 12, characterized in that the distances between the center of gravity of the drive device (26) or the motor from the hinge axis (15) of the support arm (13) of the cabin (14) or from the rear axle (3) of the tractor (1) have a ratio of about 2: 1. 14. Tractor according to one of the preceding claims, thereby characterized in that it has four wheels (5.5A) that can be driven simultaneously are. 15. Tug according to one of the preceding claims and claim 14 characterized in that the tractor is driven by the front wheels or the rear wheels can be steered. 16. Tug according to one of the preceding Aneprache and Speak to 11 to 15, characterized in that a two-point lifting device (9,10) the front of the tractor (1) is provided. 17. Tractor according to one of the preceding claims and AnßprMchen 11 to 16, characterized in that the drive device or the motor (26) of the tractor (1) is arranged transversely to the direction of travel of the tractor. 18. Tug according to one of the preceding claims and claims 17, characterized in that the motor (26) and the auxiliary tools in one Mas ¢ hinenkompartiment (27) are housed, the width of which is approximately equal to Is the wheel base of the tractor. 19. Tractor according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that that the driver's seat (18) is open and provided with a resilient bench. 20.Tug or similar self-propelled vehicle with an area, over or on which tools can be placed, and means for coupling one Tool on or on the, tractor, characterized in that these means form part of an upwardly movable lifting device (24,25). 21. Tractor according to one of the preceding claims and claim 20, characterized in that the lifting device (24, 25) through the one loading area can be lifted or coupled to the tractor, from a number of hydraulic systems Cylinder (23) consists. 22. Tractor according to claim 20 or 21, characterized in that the lifting device generally consists of four hydraulic cylinders (23), which are attached to the tractor in such a way that they are approximately in the vertical direction are effective. 23. Tractor according to one of claims 20 to 22, characterized in that that two lifting or adjusting cylinders (23) on the rear and two cylinders in a certain distance beyond the center on the front of the tractor (1) appropriate are. 24. Sclilepper according to one of the preceding claims and claim 23, characterized in that a cylinder near the articulated connection (15, 49) between tractor and support arm (13 resp. 47) of the cabin (14) or the driver's seat (18) is attached. 25. Tug according to one of the preceding speeches and claims 20 to 24, characterized in that at the upper end of the hydraulic lifting or Adjusting cylinder (23) coupling means (24) for a loading space, a loading area or a loading box are attached. 26. Tractor according to claim 25, characterized in that the upper End (7) of a coupling member (24 7 inee hydraulic lifting cylinder beveled and is provided with an opening (25) for receiving a locking pin. 27.Tug or similar self-propelled vehicle with a driver's seat, a surface for receiving a tool to be coupled with the tractor, one Drive device and one or more lifting devices, characterized in that that the drive device or motor (26) as well as the auxiliary tools of the tractor be surrounded by a substantially closed structure (4), the middle The height of the superstructure is less than the mean width of the tractor, while the The mean length of the tractor is about five to seven times the mean height. 28. Tractor according to one of the preceding claims and claim 27, characterized in that in a plan view the front of the tractor takes up about a third of the width of the engine compartment. 29. Tug according to one of the preceding claims and claims 27, characterized in that in a plan view the rear of the tractor takes up about a third of the width of the engine compartment (27). 30. Tractor according to one of the preceding claims and Claims 27 to 29, characterized in that in a side view the bottom surface of the The front of the tractor is sloping upwards. 31. Tractor according to one of the preceding claims and claims 27 to 30, characterized in that the upper surface of the front part of the tractor is slightly inclinedO 32. Tugboat according to one of the preceding claims 27 to 31, characterized in that in a side view the front surface of the tractor runs diagonally upwards. 330 tractor according to one of the preceding claims and claims 27 to 32, characterized in that the structure of the tractor is approximately from the front Lift cylinders (23) up to almost the rear wall of the engine compartment (27) flat runs. 34. Tug according to one of the preceding claims and claims 27 to 33, characterized in that the structure of the tractor from the rear wall of the engine compartment goes flat to the rear of the tractor and then merges into a sloping surface. 35. Tractor according to claim 34, characterized in that the rear surface of the tractor in a side view, two from the upper and from the lower surface the rear of the tractor has inclined surfaces, the line of intersection about a third of the height of the rear of the tractor, from the top Surface is located. 36. Tug according to one of the preceding claims, thereby marked that the cab (t4) attached to the driver's seat in the tractor body (4) can be arranged sunk. 37. Tractor according to claim 36, characterized in that the support arm (47) which connects the cab to the tractor frame, partially curved (47A) and that the pivot point (49) of the support arm on the tractor is lower as the loading area of the tractor. 38. Tugboat according to one of the preceding claims and claim 36 or 37, characterized in that the cabin (14) has fastening elements Has spring means (;%) for attachment to the tractor. 390 tractor or similar, self-propelled vehicle with one on Loading box attached to the tractor, to which a movable loading bucket is attached is, and with a driver's seat, characterized in that the loading box (103) Coupling means (108,111,115-117) for the loading spoon (112) through which the loading spoon (112) from the front of the loading box (103) but the driver's seat (18 or 20) can be pivoted towards, with the loading spoon (112) extending beyond the dropping point of the loading box maintains almost the same position, 40o loading box on a tractor according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that means (108, 111,115-117) provided bind, through which a loading spoon (112) from the front can be moved to the rear of the charging box (103). 41. Mobile loading box according to claim 40, characterized in that that the means are essentially formed by a pivoting device (115), which has two axles (108, 111) arranged transversely to the direction of travel of the loading box, which are coupled to one another by at least one support arm (109). 42. Mobile loading box according to claim 40 or 41, characterized in that that the loading spoon (1l2) is pivotably coupled to a transverse axis (108) which is connected to the bottom of the loading box. 430 Mobile loading box according to Claims 40 to 42, characterized in that that the ends of the transverse axes (108,111) are provided with gears (116,117), silver the endless chains (115) are guided, and that pivotable with the transverse axes (108,111) designed as a gear housing (109) support arms are provided. 44. Mobile loading box according to one of claims 40 to 43, characterized in that at a distance of about one third of the length of the Loading box (103) from the front, a transverse axis (108) is attached. 45. Mobile loading box according to claim 39 and one of the address 40 to 44, characterized in that in a side view of the loading spoon (112) But about two thirds of its effective surface, from the front, with a support axis (123) is provided which is pivotable with the front transverse axis of the Pivoting device (114) is coupled. 460 Mobile loading box according to one of Claims 40 to 45, thereby characterized in that between the support axis (123) of the loading bucket (112) and the front transverse axis (111) of the pivoting device a disengaging mechanism (114) is provided, through which the loading spoon (112) from the loading point to the discharge point can be uncoupled. 47o mobile loading box according to claim 46, characterized in that that the disengagement mechanism (114) also has a return mechanism (121,122). 48. Mobile loading box according to one of claims 45 to 47, characterized characterized in that the disengagement and feedback mechanism (l14) is hydraulic (110) can be operated. 49. Mobile loading box according to one of the preceding claims, characterized characterized in that the loading spoon (112) of the loading box (103) is at the front end is provided with prongs (113). 50. Mobile loading box according to one of claims 40 to 48, and one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the loading box (103) on the tractor (1) is attached, which has a rotatable, over a certain Distance with respect to the loading box pivotable driver's seat (18 or 20). 51. Mobile loading box according to one of the preceding claims and Claims 40 to 50, characterized in that the rear of the loading box is provided with a scattering device (105). 52. Mobile loading box according to claim 51, characterized that the spreading device (105) is essentially rotatable about vertical axes (116) Blades or twisted lugs (107). 530 Mobile loading box with a device at one end is provided for spreading the material present in the loading box, characterized in that that a loading bucket (112) is attached to the other end of the loading box (103), through which the material lying in front of the loading box is fed into the loading box can be.. 540 Mobile loading box according to Claim 53, characterized in that that the loading spoon (112) goes from the front over the top to the back of the Loading box (103) is pivotable. 55. Loading box that is on the top surface of a tractor after a of the preceding claims can be attached, characterized in that the loading box (1C3) is provided with means (86) through which the loading box <103) up to a certain distance a the surface of the tractor (1) taught and can be held in such a way that the tractor is clear of the loading box. 56. Loading box according to claim 55, characterized in that the Support means (86) are formed by rods (94,97) which can be folded away and in the Height direction are adjustable. 570 loading box according to one of the preceding claims and claim 55 or 56, characterized in that the rods t94,97) are pivotable with the Bottom (85) of the loading box (75) are connected approximately at the point where the bottom is provided with means t84) through which the loading box (75) with the vertical Lifting device (23) of the tractor can be connected. 58. Loading box according to one of the preceding claims and response 55 to 57, characterized in that at least one support rod (94) on the Front of the charging case (75) and two rods on the rear of the charging case are appropriate. 59. Mobile loading box according to one of the preceding claims Side walls and a front and bag wall, characterized in that the walls t77A) can be folded down over at least a tenth of the height. 60. Tug or similar, self-propelled vehicle with a sliding one Driver's seat, a loading area for receiving a loading box or the like. And one or more lifting devices characterized in that on the front of the tractor (1) a receiving and conveying device (76) is attached by the goods lying in front of the tractor in those on the tractor surface Loading box (75) can be performed. 61. Tractor according to one of the preceding claims and claim 60, characterized in that on a two-point lifting device (8) of the tractor an exception and conveyor (76) is attached. 62. Tractor according to claim 60 or 61, characterized in that each support arm (9,10) of the two-point lifting device (8) is part of a triangular Linkage (89,90) forms, which forms a drag device. 63. Tug according to one of Claims 60 to 62, characterized in that that the linkage is a pivoting linkage (88-91). 64. Tractor according to one of Claims 60 to 63, characterized in that that at least one of the rods (90) of the linkage is adjustable. 650 tractor according to one of the claims 60 to 64, characterized in that that a rod (89) of the triangular linkage is essentially vertical and an articulated connection with an arm (9,10) of the two-point lifting device (8) while the other end of the rod is pivotable with the adjustable rod (90) of the triangular linkage is connected. 66. Tractor according to one of Claims 60 to 65, characterized in that that the adjustable rod (90) of the triangular linkage has an articulated connection a support arm (9,10) of the two-point lifting device (8) which articulated connection lies approximately in the middle of the support arm (9). 67. Tractor according to one of claims 60 to 66, characterized in that that the loading box (75) with a floor conveyor or grave floor (79) and with a Locking device (84) is provided by which it is fixed to the tractor can be connected, with support means at the location of the locking device (86) are provided on the tractor. 68. Tugboat according to one of claims 60 to 67, characterized thereby, that the support means (86) can be folded away 69. A tractor according to claim 68, characterized in that characterized in that the support means (86) are adjustable in the height direction0 700 tractor according to one of the preceding claims and claims 60 to 69, characterized in that the front surface of the loading box (75) and the rear surface the driver's cab (14) run parallel to one another. 71. Tractor or similar, self-propelled vehicle with a swivel Driver's seat, characterized in that with the exception of the driver's seat (18) the Tractor (1) almost always full of a combine harvester coupled to the tractor (128) is covered. 72. Combine with a grain bunker, with part of the combine mounted on a tractor according to claim 71, characterized in that the grain bunker (134 resp. 135) consists of two separate parts, each on one side of the Combine harvester (128). 73. Mobile combine harvester according to claim 71 or 72, characterized in that that a grain bunker (134,135) of the combine harvester in a side view essentially is triangular. 74. Mobile combine harvester according to one of claims 71 to 73, characterized in that each grain bunker has a conveyor device (137) communicates through which the grain from the combine fed into a memory (131); can be. 75. Mobile combine harvester according to claim 74, characterized in that that the conveyor device (137) essentially consists of a transverse direction to the direction of travel of the combine harvester extending FE auger (136) and sloping upwards Conveyors (137) which open near the top of a granary. 76. Mobile combine harvester according to one of claims 71 to 75, characterized marked that the grain bunker (134 resp. 135) are coupled to one another at the bottom by an unloading conveyor (136) are. 770 Mobile combine harvester according to one of the preceding claims with a rotatable driver's seat, characterized in that the driver's seat (14) also with respect to the frame of the combine harvester over a certain distance is pivotable. 78o mobile combine harvester according to claim 77, characterized in that that the driver's seat is housed in a closed cabin (14) that is attached to a relatively long support arm (13) pivotable and in several positions in relation can be fixed on the combine harvester. 79. Mobile combine harvester according to one of the preceding claims and claims 71 to 78, characterized in that it is mounted on a tractor is, from which a driver's seat over a certain distance outside the tractor perimeter is pivotable. 80. Mobile combine harvester according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that from the drive compartment (27) of the tractor Air discharge channels (133) run obliquely upwards. 81. Mobile combine harvester according to claim 80, characterized in that that air discharge ducts (133) are arranged on both sides of the tractor, which are attached to the engine compartment (27) of the tractor (1), as well as on the top of the combine (128). 82. Mobile combine harvester according to one of claims 71 to 81, characterized characterized in that it is equipped with four wheels of the same type (5.5A), the can be driven together. 83. Mobile combine harvester according to one of claims 71 to 82, characterized marked that the total conveyance of the mounted, mobile combine harvester (128) a maximum of 3 m is 84. tractor or similar, self-propelled vehicle with a swiveling driver's seat, characterized in that with the exception of the Driver's seat of the tractor (1) completely from a maize chopper (76) and a associated loading box (75) is covered. 85. Slr chopper long-stemmed crops, especially maize, with fasteners for coupling to the lifting device of a tractor or similar, self-propelled Vehicle and with a discharge channel through which the chopped material into a Box or room is discharged, characterized in that the fastening means (89) of the chopper on the lifting device (8) of the tractor on the rear of the Chopper are arranged and the discharge channel (85) for the chopped material is dimensioned such that the material is in a loading space (75) on the discharge side the chopper and can be removed over a surface of the tractor. 86. Chopper for long-stemmed crops, in particular maize, according to claim 84 or 85, characterized in that the chopper (75) has two coupling points on the lifting device (8) of a tractor, which lifting device is a Contains compensation. 87. Chopper according to claim 85 or 86, characterized in that the chopper is driven from its rear side. 88. Chopper according to one of claims 85 to 87, characterized in that that the discharge channel (85) for the chopped material or the crop is vertical Has Ahfuhrrohr which extends next to the driver's cab (14) and from which a curved part extends approximately from the top of the fastening means (89) of the chopper (76) on the lifting device (8) extends backwards. 89. Chopper according to one of claims 85 to 87 and claim 88, characterized characterized in that the discharge channel (85) opens out via a cargo space (75) which is attached to a surface of the tractor. 90. Chopper according to claim 89, characterized in that the bottom of the loading space has a conveyor (79) 91. Chopper according to one of the preceding Claims and claims 85 to 90, characterized in that in the frame of the Cargo space recesses (84) are provided in the individual parts of the vertical lifting device (23) of the tractor (1) can grip. 92. Chopper according to one of claims 85 to 91, characterized in that that the loading space or loading box (75) for the chopper with in the height direction adjustable supports or rods (86) are provided, which can also be folded away are. 930 chopper according to any one of claims 85 to 92, characterized in that that it is a multi-row chopper. 94. Combination of a tractor and an agricultural tool according to the figures and the preceding description. 95. Tractor or self-propelled vehicle according to the figures and the previous description.