DE1630287A1 - Device for wearing or opening openings on vehicles - Google Patents

Description

Daimler - Benz Aktiengesellschaft As in 7397/4

Stuttgart - Untertürkheim

May 17 T967

Patent application: *

DEVICE FOR LOCKING OR OPENING OPENINGS VEHICLES.

The invention relates to a device for closing or opening openings on vehicles by means of a locking part, with a guide for the locking file and with an actuating device through which the closure part with edge areas against edge areas the opening can be pushed and through which the lock! from the opening is movable away.

Devices in the sense just mentioned are essentially sliding roofs and ventilation flaps. The steel sunroofs most frequently used at the moment have a number of them serious disadvantages. If they are operated by hand, a high force must be applied to their actuating handle, in particular when the sunroof is closed shall be. Applying this force is particularly important to women and the elderly heavy. Even this high force is not enough to make the sunroof completely waterproof to make, because the pressure that can be generated in the edge areas are too small. Man must therefore use wide gutters on the edges of the openings to ensure that no water penetrates the interior of the vehicle. The wide gutters bring with them that the opening remains relatively equal.

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Another disadvantage of the usual sunroofs is that they give the headroom The rear seats are considerably smaller because the sunroof does not open when opening lowered and then moved backwards parallel to the roof skin. Rather, falls with Open the rear edge of the sunroof by the order of 1 cm, while the The height of the front edge of the sunroof is maintained. In this inclination then the sunroof pushed back. The leadership and the fairing of the leadership for the sunroof therefore reaches its lowest point just above the rear seats and takes thus headroom away. The same applies to electric motor-operated sunroofs. With you there is also the problem of applying the necessary thrust using flexible cables, to raise the sunroof to the last few centimeters of its movement when it is closed and then to generate the contact pressure.

In addition, vehicles with sunroofs are also slightly heavier than those without sunroofs. The price difference between vehicles with and without sunroofs is also considerable. Each actuation process involves moving a greater number of parts, and in all of them The sunroof must be locked in intermediate positions by means of a special actuation, so that it remains in this position and does not rattle.

The main problem with ventilation flaps is how to operate them - mostly via cables - and their linkage. The underpressure and overpressure conditions on the moving vehicle almost always dictate the location of the ventilation flaps and ventilation openings. Since ventilation openings in the area of the rear seats are hardly visible from the front seats, e.g. through Cable pulls that can be operated, ventilation flaps are dispensed with at these points.

100025/0196

If a vehicle is now driving in dusty air, the front ones are generally in the overpressure area ventilation flaps are closed. The passenger compartment is now connected to the outside air via ventilation openings in the area of the rear seats. These ventilation openings are in the negative range for reasons of good air circulation. If you now close the .. front ventilation flaps, air containing stub is drawn in through the rear ventilation openings the interior of the vehicle is vacuumed and the opposite of the intended purpose is achieved. As well as with ventilation flaps as well as with ventilation openings, which are not closed you have to provide complicated labyrinths so that water cannot penetrate the vehicle interior »ventilation flaps also have the fundamental disadvantage, that they only ever reveal three sides of the openings with which they interact, because they are hinged on the fourth side.

It is precisely this articulation that very often gives rise to difficulties, since the hinge axes have to be aligned while the closure part of the ventilation flap adjoins the curved ones Must adjust the outline of the vehicle. Here you can often only with great effort and many Considerations come to acceptable solutions »After all, the locking parts can tilt and then no longer close tightly and must be installed with small tolerances because they cannot be adjusted relative to the opening to be closed.

The object of the invention is to provide a closure device which has the above-mentioned Does not have disadvantages that a uniform locking and opening system for both Sunroofs as well as ventilation flaps allowed and with their help you can with little effort can also close openings where this has not been possible since then with reasonable effort was possible. ν

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To solve this problem, the invention proposes that the closure part in its Has variable volume chamber, whose direction of expansion or contraction forces acting on the one hand on the closure part and on the other hand on a vehicle fixed Attack spot.

In principle, these forces can be applied using both negative and positive pressure.

However, the measures according to claim 2 are recommended because the negative pressure in the Intake manifold is conveniently available and also with injection engines and Diesel engines are completely sufficient. In contrast to overpressure, negative pressure also has the advantage that the chamber, especially if it is large, does not bulge, which is e.g. would be unsustainable with sunroofs. In addition, the negative pressure can also be used in the event of malfunctions in the The system will never be larger than one kg / cm »If there is no intake manifold available, the negative pressure can easily be created by a simple pump.

The features of claim 3 achieve that the appearance of a sunroof according to the invention is outwardly in no way different from conventional sunroofs.

The features of claim 4 ensure that the chamber is attached in a protected manner can be and that with a suitable design of the support part of this the reaction forces the outer skin can be received well without the support part or outer skin becoming too very deform.

The features of claim 5 achieve a compact component that is light and can be installed or removed quickly.

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A particularly simple form of this component is achieved through the features of Claim 7. The chamber formed in this way is very large and accordingly are through the air pressure difference applied forces large, which in turn leads to the Can make contact pressures of the closed sunroof large.

The features of claim 6 ensure that, as before, the closed Sunroof adapts well to the outline of the roof *

By the features of claim 8 one achieves that the negative pressure is only during the the sunroof needs to be operated for a short time, while the rest of the time e.g. when the vacuum drops when the engine is not running or when the sunroof is in has pushed any position, but a force is automatically applied that can provide the necessary closing pressure or the holding force in intermediate positions of the sunroof, In addition, the negative pressure has the general advantage of that the pipe systems built up in this way seal themselves and therefore no cuffs are required and that a large selection of hose assemblies is available, the wall of which is able to absorb the negative pressure without further ado,

The solution according to claim 8 also means that the contact pressure always remains constant, because the force of the springs is constant regardless of the operating condition of the engine,

Due to the features of claim 9, the compression springs can be attached to the outer skin directly and supported! fasten and is also given a compact component in this version.

The features of claim 10 mean that the contact pressure Tn dan areas

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is applied, in which it is also needed. In addition, it avoids that the outer skin can bulge out.

The number of compression springs can be reduced by the features of claim 11 or do without them entirely.

The features of claim 12 can be used to seal the bellows at the same time use f.

Due to the features of claim 13, you only need two rails to both Sides of the closure part and achieved that the sunroof in the retracted state is very flat. This combines the advantage of the small chamber volume, so that it can be actuated only a small amount of air is required.

By the features of claim 14 one achieves that the outer skin and support part when sucking together find a stop and avoid bulges if necessary.

The features of claim 15 ensure that the stop is large and the layer at the same time mechanically stiffens the outer skin and insulates it in terms of heat and sound,

The features of claim 16 achieve a relatively large spring stroke and, if necessary also a guide for the compression springs.

The features of claim 17 are recommended because in the vast majority of cases not at all

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the negative pressure must act on the entire outer skin or on the entire support part. If you use several vacuum boxes, you get smaller chambers, which are faster and can be operated with less air. This means that a possibly existing Vacuum accumulator can have a relatively small volume »With this solution, the approaches of the outer skin do not cross the bellows, which may lead to leaks could. There is also no need to punch any slots in the bellows. When the feathers can be mounted outside the vacuum boxes, so they can be attached more easily. You can give the bellows, e.g. if it is made of rubber, those properties, which he must have for the vacuum boxes and does not need to ensure that he is weatherproof and has other properties that sealing rubbers should have. The bellows on

this place is protected from the weather.

By the features of claim 18 it is achieved that the vacuum boxes are easily produced and seal well at the transition from the bellows to the cover.

The features of claim 19 ensure that the edges of the lid are not in the Cut into the bellows and still find a good grip on the lid.

The features of claim 20 ensure that the bellows when evacuating the Vacuum unit is never squeezed. In addition, a low overall height is achieved, e.g. With regard to the previous exemplary embodiments, in which the minimum height of the Sunroof is determined by four layers of rubber and four layers of sheet metal.

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i b 3 (J 2 8 7 April 1967

The features of claim 21 result in faster emptying of the vacuum unit and can use thinner connection hoses, which are accordingly more flexible. In addition, such hoses are more resistant to negative pressure.

The features of claim 22 mean that the sliding roof does not appear from the outside can be opened, as well as that the unlocking and the introduction of negative pressure automatically are coupled to each other.

The features of claim 23 result in a particularly convenient type of sliding roof operation.

The features of claim 24 mean that when the actuating member is actuated, negative pressure is introduced immediately.

The features of claim 25 mean that the valve can be provided in such places where there is enough space.

The features of claim 26 also achieve the advantages of ventilation flaps Features specified above, insofar as they are of importance for ventilation flaps.

By the features of claim 27 one achieves that a sunroof even then can be operated when the engine is at a standstill. .

According to the invention, ventilation flaps, such as in buses, for example, can also be automatic close when the engine is switched off. In addition, in the case of buses, the driver could

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from his seat also control the state of the roof flaps * This has been because of the large forces to be applied not possible. In some cases the negative pressure can also be the same be set so that the ventilation flaps have a middle position between closed and open take in. One could thus change the position of the ventilation flaps with the position of the heating couple.

Further advantages and features of the invention emerge from the description below

of some embodiments. In the drawing show: ^ =

1 shows a vehicle roof provided with a sliding roof in a view / partially cut away,

Fig. 2 shows a section along line II * II in Fig. T with the sliding roof in the closed position Position, V! -

3 shows the sunroof, lowered for opening, in accordance with the position in FIG Cut, ^ v

4 and 5 show a section along line IV - IV in FIG. 1 with the sliding roof in the closed and lowered position,

Fig. 6 and 7 a section along line VI - VI in Fig. 1 with the sliding roof in ge " closed and pushed back position,.

8 shows a plan view of a vehicle roof,

FIG. 9 shows a section along the line IX -IX in FIG. 8, with a vented pressure cell, 10 shows a section along line IX - IX in FIG. 8 with a ventilated Uhterdruckdose, Fig. A section through a solenoid valve,

Fig. 12 is a perspective view of an actuator,

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13 shows a section through a ventilation flap in the ventilated state of the chamber, 14 shows a section through a ventilation flap in the vented state of the chamber.

The sliding roof 8 in the section 9 of a motor vehicle consists essentially of FIG. 1 from two of their edges 10a and 11a cranked up towards each other, approximately flat or moderately upwardly curved outer and inner panels 10 and 11, respectively. The two panels and 11 each exceed the size of the cutout 9 of the car roof. They form together with a bellows 12, which is attached airtight through its edges 10a and 11a, a hollow variable volume chamber 13 with movable plate 10.

Serving as the side wall of the chamber 13 bellows 12 wraps around according to FIGS. 2 and 3 with his upper, somewhat thickened edge 12a is the free Edge 10a of the panel 10 of the sliding roof 8 and is attached, e.g. glued, to it. In the lower edge 12b with the free one protruding approximately horizontally outward is in the same way Part of the edge 11a of the plate 11 is firmly connected. The bellows 12 is between the two plates 10 and 11 drawn in or arched towards the inside of the comb. The chamber 13 is through a Line 31 (see Fig. 1) with a vacuum source, e.g. the intake line of an engine, tied together. A solenoid valve described later is arranged in this line. In the front Part of the chamber 13 is a control lever on its plate 11, which is expediently perforated there 14 pivotally mounted in three positions. In the two outer positions 14a and 14b of the lever 14, the solenoid valve is switched by means of switching contacts 30 so that it the line 31 connects to the negative pressure. As a result, the air from the chamber 13 is almost completely withdrawn, the plate 10 moves inward and the sunroof 8 can be pushed forwards or backwards. In the middle position of the lever, the magnetic

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valve from the negative pressure and connects the chamber 13 with the outside air, which is then into the Chamber 13 can flow in. ■ "- ■" ■ "■

Between the inner plate 11 and the outer plate 10, preferably near their side edges, are several springs 15 fixedly arranged, preferably on each longitudinal side of the Sunroofs 8. All springs 15 together with the bellows 12 have a lower spring force than the force exerted on the movable plates 10 and 11 by the negative pressure. on the other hand Of course, it outweighs the dead weight of the plate 10 and the weight of an insulating layer 16 attached to its underside, which insulates sound and heat. The insulation layers end in sufficient distance from the bellows 12, which is folded inward when the chamber 13 is empty. Also for each spring 15 is left with sufficient space. -; -.

In order to be able to move the sunroof 8 properly in the cutout 9, the lateral Edges 1 Ib of the plate 11 in front of the edge 11a {Fig. 4 and 5) rectangular sheet metal strips 17 fastened with sliding shoes 18 in U-shaped, inwardly open guide rails 21 engage slidingly attached to the inner side wall 19 of roof edge beams 20. The sheet metal strips 17 grip under the lower edge 12b of the bellows * 12 to the outside in sliding grooves 21a of the guide rails 21 and thereby support the sliding roof 8.

The guide rail 21 is followed by a further guide rail 22, the recesses 22a has several tongues 23 which protrude beyond the lateral edges 10a of the plate 10 to the outside. When the sunroof 8 is in its foremost position, the recesses are aligned 22a with the tongues 23, so that the tongues 23 when the chamber 13 is vented, the recesses 22a can traverse. The upper edge 12a can then rest on the roof edge carrier 20 come. However, as soon as the sliding roof 8 is in its position according to FIG. 5 and after

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is pushed back, the tongues 23 no longer come out of the recesses 22a. If the chamber 13 is now vented, the tongues 23 lie from below against the upper one Legs of the guide rail 22, whereby the sunroof also in intermediate positions is locked. The guide rail 22 protects the plate 10, which when the chamber 13 is vented is pressed onto the plate 1.1 before tilting sideways when cornering or otherwise Movements of the vehicle.

The rear, beaded edge 24 of the cutout 9 (FIGS. 6 and 7) is expediently through Underlay stiffened with an embossed sheet metal strip 25. The thickened, upper edge 12a is pressed between the edge 10 α of the plate 10 and the edge 24 and thereby forms a perfect seal. The bottom 26 of the entry compartment 27 is also in the area the sliding opening 28 reinforced in the same way as above. The same training is analogous has also been chosen on the other edges of the cutout.

To damage the plate 10 in an intermediate position between closed and To avoid completely open cutout 9, can be in the rear edge 24 of the cutout slightly protruding, resilient strips can be embedded or * a rubber strip can form the edge 24.

The chamber 13 (FIGS. 1, 2 and 3) is emptied indirectly by moving the control lever 14. The adjusting lever 14 mounted on the plate IT with a reinforcement plate 29 is at the same time designed as an electrical switch that is in the two angled positions Via one switching contact 30 each, a solenoid valve is energized, one at the rear end with it the chamber 13 connected line 31 with a dependent on the suction line of the engine Vacuum tank connects. Due to the strong insulation layers 16, the respective air

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amount in the chamber 13 is relatively small, so that only a small amount of air is required to lower the plate 10;

The sliding shoes 18 in the guide strips are expediently made of self-lubricating material Plastic ^ so that a little finger pressure on: control lever 14 in the desired direction the sunroof 8 is moved into the intended position.

To ensure that the closed position is properly secured, the sliding roof 8 can be opened from the inside be blocked. A bolt catch 32 (FIG. 2), which is fastened under the reinforcement plate 29 and is provided with a recess 33 for the travel of the adjusting lever, is used for this purpose. The front one The end of the locking bar 32 is then on the front roof frame cross member 34 in an eyelet 34a Q- .. like. Secured in a suitable manner against longitudinal displacement to the rear.

Instead of the large number of weak helical springs and instead of the bellows 12, it is possible to make the side walls from spring steel strips which are expediently folded inwards or, the chamber can laterally made of individual, slightly S-shaped curved spring steel strips be formed (not shown). Some of these stripes are towards the center of the cutout directed ends airtightly connected to each other and their outer ends respectively on the outer skin of the sunroof as well as on the one protruding outwards The bottom plate of the sliding roof chamber air junction is attached.

Instead of the coil springs and the insulating layers of the chamber may be arranged as spring means bellows according unhardened rubber on the opposite sides ¹ of the ceiling and floor. The spring force of these bellows, including the chamber walls, should, however, be less than the föäff'sejnT ^c ' ^: ' ^:

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In the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 10, there are two identically designed vacuum cells 36 provided, the bellows 12 connects covers 38 and 40 to one another. The lids 38 and 40 have rolled half-edges 42 and 44. As can be seen from the drawing, the cover has a smaller diameter than the cover 38. If the vacuum units are vented, so the bellows 12, as shown in FIG. 9, are not squeezed because of the differences in diameter make space for them. As FIG. 8 shows, the vacuum units 36 are shared by one another Line 31 and the solenoid valve 46 are connected to a vacuum reservoir 48, which in turn is connected via a line 50 to the intake port of the engine. Instead of the line 31 could alsoz / wsi lines from the vacuum units 36 to the solenoid valve 46 to lead.

8 also shows the position of an actuating member 52 to be described (Fig. 12). In this exemplary embodiment, rubber strips 54 seal the Sunroof 8.

In Fig. 11, the solenoid valve 46 is shown more clearly. A coil 56 cooperates with an armature 58, which carries a valve disk 60 at its upper end according to FIG. This can work together with a first valve seat 62 and a second valve seat 64. Depending on the position of the valve disk 60, outside air can penetrate through openings 66 into the interior of the solenoid valve 46 and thus reach the vacuum units 36 via the line 31. Furthermore, as shown, air can be sucked in to the vacuum reservoir 48 via the line 31, the interior 68 and a line 70. When the coil is not energized, a spring 72 urges the valve disk 60 against the valve seat 64 so that the ambient pressure prevails in the line while the vacuum reservoir 48, or the line 70, is closed. ■■■ '.-. ·

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From Fig * 1T it can also be seen that the lines 31bzw. 70 only on pipes 74 must be inserted and that no clamps are necessary | are. The lower end of the anchor 58 operates a switch 76 when the spüfe 56 is energized. With this switch 76 you can operate a sunroof motor, not shown, which the sunroof 8 automatically then moved when the Unterdrockdoffin-36 have been deflated.

The coil 56 is connected to two electrical lines 78 which lead to the actuating member 52, which has a bearing journal 80 to which a lever 82 is connected in a rotationally fixed manner. Apart from the fitting 84, all parts shown in FIG. 12 are fastened to the sliding roof. The lever 82 can be swiveled into a recessed grip.In the idle position shown in full, the bearing pin 80 with its flat iron end 86 spreads two Konffedernί 88 apart, so that no current can flow through the line 78 because the contacts 90 have lifted. According to FIG. 11, this means that the spring 72 urges the valve disk 60 upwards and the vacuum units 36 are ventilated. If the lever 82 is pivoted into the position shown in dashed lines, the contacts 90 ₇ close, the coil 56 attracts and negative pressure can reach the line 31. In this state, the sliding roof 8 can be moved and the lugs 92 of the bearing pin 80 can be pulled out of the double key slot 94. The sliding roof 8 thus moves backwards * If the lever S2 is now brought back into the position indicated as pulled out, the vacuum boxes 36 are ventilated ^ and the sliding roof S is clamped tightly.

According to what has been said, FIGS. 13 and 14 do not require particular explanation. The chamber 13 has been designated there for orientation purposes, as has the spring 15. The stroke movement when the chamber 13 is vented is limited here by the fact that a sealing

profile 96 strikes against a support part 98. As you can easily see, the ventilation flap 100 follows arches in an ideal way and centers itself in the cutout 9 by itself.

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Claims (1)

Daimler - Benz Aktiengesellschaft VR ^ fV> Q7 7/4 Stuttgart - Untertürkheim ■ April 1967 Patent claims: 1. Device for closing or opening openings on vehicles by means of a locking part, with "a guide for the locking part and with an actuating device, by the, closure part with edge areas against edge areas of the Opening can be urged and through which the closure part away from the opening is movable, characterized in that the closure part (8, 100) one in its Has variable volume chamber (13), the direction of expansion or contraction of which acting forces act on the one hand on the closure part (8, 100) and on the other hand at a vehicle-fixed point (21, 98), 2, device according to claim 1, characterized in that the chamber (13) with a Vacuum source (48), preferably an intake port of an engine, is connected. 3, device according to claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the closure part (8) comprises the outer skin (10) of a sliding roof (8). A ₀ device according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the chamber (13) lies between the outer skin (10) and a support part (11). t0 082 5/019 8 ..:.: L ν '..;,:> * - -'' Paim 7397/4 HL ■ * ■ '.. 5. 'Device according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized gekenrtzeich, dqfii the Stützfei Γ (11) with the outer skin (10) is movable and that the support part (11) in guides (21) is guided on the inside of the Edge of the opening (9) are provided. '"'^;:"'"''""■'""""*' 6. Device according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that that the outer skin (10) against the inside of the edge areas of the opening (9) P · is pushable. 7. Device according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that that the support file (11) and the outer skin (10) are air-impermeable panels, the edges of which are connected by a bellows (12) and that the one defined thereby Space is the chamber (13), 8. Device according to »one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that that when the chamber (13) is operated with negative pressure, the outer skin (.10) and the Support part (11) forcing springs (15) from one another are provided. 9. Device according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized ^ that the springs (15) as compression springs between the outer heap (lÖ) and the support part (11) are switched, 10. Device according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that that the springs (15) are provided in the edge area of the locked fastener (8), 10 ^ 8 25/0198 1830287 ΑρπΠ967 Π> Device according to one or more of the preceding claims / characterized / that the bellows (12) at least; is partially designed as a compression spring. 12. Device according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that that a known per se, attached to the edge of the outer heap (10) sealing profile (12 a) is part of a bellows (12) made of elastic plastic. 13. The device according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the parts of the guides located in the sliding direction to both soaps of the closure part (B) each have two rails (21,22), of which the lower (21) the support part ( 11) and the upper (22) on the outer skin (10) provided lugs (23) that the edge of the opening (9) the rails (21,22) over ^ relft> and that the upper rail (22) recesses £ 22 a) that fljchten with the lugs (23) when the sunroof ^) is located under the opening (9). 14. Device according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that that between the outer skin .- (10) and supporting part (11) support body (16) is provided 15. The device according to claim 14, characterized in that the support body (16) each comprise a layer that is on opposite inner surfaces of the outer skin (IQ) and the support member (11) is attached. 16. The device according to claim 15 ^ characterized in that the ', layers -i} 6) From ¹ -, savings for the compression springs -' (JS). exhibit. V; 109825 / 01SG - * - Doim 7397/4 17. Device according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that that between the outer skin (10) and the support part (11) several vacuum units (36) are provided. 18. The device according to claim 17, characterized in that the vacuum cells (36) have at least one preferably round cover (38,40) » 19. The device according to claim 18, characterized in that the cover (38, 40) rolled on Have retaining brackets (42, 44) for the bellows (12). 20. Device according to claims 18 and / or 19, characterized in that the contour shape of one cover (38,40) the contour shape of the associated other cover (38,40) towers above. 21. Device according to one or more of claims 17-20, characterized in that that each vacuum unit (36) is connected to its own supply line. 22. Device according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that that a manually operable actuator (52) is provided with the with the chamber (13,36) switched off, the sliding roof (B) is in its front position can be locked and unlocked when the chamber (13, 36) is actuated. 23. The device according to claim 22, characterized in that the actuating member (52) a lever (82) attached to the sunroof (8), with its bearing pin (80) both a switch (90) can be actuated as well as a positive locking (92,94) with the 109825/0 196 ! 630287 April 1967 Edge of the opening (9) is achievable " 24, device according to ^ claim 22 υηά / οά & τ 23, characterized in that the iciger .-. pin (80) is polygonal at one end (86) and on this end ¹ (86) springs (88) of contacts (90) rest. 25, device according to one or more of the "preceding claims ^ characterized in that the negative pressure can be applied to the chambers (13 _r 36) via a solenoid valve 16) controlled by the contacts (90). 26. Device in particular according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the closure part of the shooting body is a ventilation flap (100). ■ ''"" \ 27. Device according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that .. that a vacuum accumulator (48) is provided in the vehicle.