Vertical shell breaking machine for waste battery
Technical Field
The utility model relates to an environmental protection and resource recovery equipment, more specifically say, the utility model relates to a recovery plant of abandonment chemical power supply.
Background
Modern society is stepping into the electronic age, and the varieties of electromechanical products and electronic devices in modern society are increasing and the quantity is getting bigger, and various electromechanical products greatly expand and extend the functions of human locomotory organs, sensory organs and even thinking organs, and in these products/devices, chemical power sources-batteries which are convenient to carry and move are widely used. The common batteries in the common appliances and vehicles mainly comprise primary batteries represented by zinc-manganese batteries and secondary batteries with increasingly diverse varieties, such as nickel-hydrogen batteries, lithium ion batteries, lithium batteries, nickel-cadmium batteries and the like. The material types of the batteries comprise various elements such as mercury, cadmium, lead, zinc, manganese, cobalt, nickel, copper, silver and the like, the compounds comprise inorganic and organic acids, bases, salts, polymer films and the like, the mixtures and the compositions comprise inorganic and organic compounds and coexisting compounds, and the physical forms comprise powders, films, sheets, frameworks, colloids, gases and the like. In short, in order to increase the battery efficiency and various application functions, battery contents having complicated shapes have been developed, and the variety of shapes of the battery contents has been increasingly diversified with the development of people.
These diverse materials present in the battery tend to increase the difficulty of disposal once the battery is discarded after failure. If the treatment is improper, serious environmental pollution is caused and resources are wasted. For example, lead, mercury, cadmium and even precious metals in the water form toxic and harmful substances or solutions which cause secondary pollution to the environment in natural water, and organic and inorganic substances in the water are all those which are difficult to degrade in the natural environment and are easy to cause serious damage to the environment.
On the other hand, if the various substances in the waste batteries can be effectively recycled, the waste can become a new resource source, thereby reducing the burden and pollution of the environment and increasing the quantity and variety of available resources.
However, for a large amount of mixed and recycled waste common batteries, due to increasingly various electrode materials, structural differences of electrodes, various external dimensions and difficulty in refining previous grade separation, corresponding targeted disassembly equipment is not provided, so that subsequent physicochemical advanced treatment is difficult to effectively perform, the efficiency of subsequent treatment of the waste common batteries is influenced, industrial treatment of the waste common batteries is difficult to develop and continue, and the large amount of waste common batteries are not beneficial to scale and industrial advantages and cannot be paid attention and support in the aspects of society, the public and government.
Chinese patent application No. 200510033231.3 discloses a method for recycling mixed waste batteries and a special roasting furnace thereof, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps of (1) unpacking and discharging treatment of waste batteries; (2) crushing the battery and washing the electrolyte in the battery; (3) Washing the crushed materials with water, ball-milling, roasting and separating organic matters, mercury, cadmium and zinc; (4) Separating the battery shell, the iron current collector and the copper current collector by a screening method; (5) The undersize product is leached with alkali to remove aluminum and zinc, then is roasted and dissolved in acid, and then rare earth elements, impurities, nickel and cobalt elements in the acid dissolved solution are separated by using chemical precipitation and solvent extraction methods. The method is said to be economical and reasonable in process and good in effect, and does not need to classify and sort the mixed waste batteries in advance. The special roasting furnace is formed by sequentially connecting a blower, a roasting furnace body, a cooler and a flue gas filter, and is easy to prepare and good in treatment effect. However, this technique does not disclose the unpacking equipment and structure of the used battery.
Disclosure of Invention
To the above shortcoming of prior art, the utility model aims at providing a vertical rejuvenator of abandonment battery, it has following advantage: the device has the advantages that the occupied area is small, the automatic and efficient shell breaking can be performed on the batteries with specific sizes/shapes, and accordingly a foundation is laid for efficient subsequent processing.
Therefore, the technical solution of the utility model is a vertical waste battery rejuvenator, which comprises a frame and a power machine, wherein the vertical rejuvenator comprises a punching head connected with the power machine and a cover die fixed on the frame, the cover die comprises a battery inlet, a vertical through hole allowing the battery to move along the axial direction of the battery and a cutting tool protruding from the inner wall of the through hole, and the protruding distance of the cutting tool is greater than the thickness of the battery shell to be treated; the punching head is aligned to the sleeve die and driven by the power machine to reciprocate, and the reciprocating punching direction of the punching head is consistent with the axial direction of the through hole.
The utility model discloses a processing machine adopts the perpendicular through-hole on the cover die as permitting and injecing the facility that the battery made uni-axial motion, utilizes the protruding cutting edge that sets up in the cover die through-hole simultaneously, vertically link up the battery shell of its side through it and scratch the damage, thereby can disassemble the battery completely, the later process of being convenient for takes out battery inner electrode and distinguishes the processing, simultaneously, in the reciprocating drive of punching press downwards, can also realize being handled the battery and get into from the battery entry of through-hole one end, break out from the other end, fall by gravity is automatic, the automatic collection of being convenient for, therefore, the utility model discloses an it is efficient to automatic disassemble, and establish the basis for subsequent high-efficiency processing, moreover the utility model discloses a perpendicular through-hole is convenient for the punching press head and is installed perpendicularly, has practiced thrift the punching press stroke area of taking up an area.
Improve degree of automation, adapt to various direction of feed, the utility model discloses concrete institutional advancement still includes:
the battery inlet is arranged at the upper end or on the side wall of the through hole.
The vertical shell breaker further comprises a feeder which sequentially comprises a transition groove and a groove allowing the single battery to vertically pass through an outlet of the transition groove, wherein the outlet of one end of the groove is aligned with the battery inlet.
The feeder also includes a powered friction conveyor.
The conveyor comprises a horizontal conveyor arranged at the bottom of the feeder and/or a vertical conveyor oppositely arranged on two side walls of the feeder.
The conveyor comprises a friction roller or a conveyor belt sleeved on the friction roller.
The vertical shell breaking machine comprises more than 1 fixing position for detachably fixing the sleeve dies, and through holes of the sleeve dies on the plurality of fixing positions are provided with respective section shapes, sizes and corresponding feeders; the vertical shell breaking machine also comprises a classification collector arranged below each sleeve die.
In order to improve the shell breaking efficiency and the subsequent treatment efficiency, 2-4 raised cutting tools are arranged on the inner wall of the through hole along the circumferential direction of the through hole, and the included angle between every two adjacent cutting tools is not more than 90 degrees. And a regulator for regulating the projecting distance of the cutting tool is arranged on the cover die.
In order to reduce the noise of the machine, a power machine for driving the stamping head comprises an eccentric wheel reciprocating connecting rod mechanism driven by a motor.
The invention is further described with reference to the following drawings and specific embodiments.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the vertical waste battery rejuvenator of the present invention. The punching machine comprises a frame 10 and a power machine (comprising an eccentric wheel reciprocating link mechanism driven by a motor) for driving a punching head 20 (both omitted); the vertical shell breaking machine comprises a die set 30A for processing the battery A (the structure for processing other types such as the battery B and the like is similar, and only the structure for processing the battery A is taken as a representative), the die set 30A comprises a vertical through hole 31 for allowing the battery A to move along the axial direction thereof, an inlet 310 of the battery A, which is arranged at the upper end of the through hole 31, and a cutting tool 40, which is convexly arranged on the inner wall of the through hole 31, wherein the protruding distance of the cutting tool 40 is greater than the thickness of a shell A1 of the battery A to be processed; the punching head 20 is aligned with the die set 30A, the punching head 20 is driven by the power machine to reciprocate, and the reciprocating punching direction of the punching head is consistent with the axial direction of the through hole 31.
The vertical breaker further comprises a feeder 50, the feeder 50 comprising in sequence a transition channel 51, and a trough 52 allowing individual cells a to pass through its outlet upright, the outlet at one end of the trough 52 being aligned with the cell inlet 310.
The feeder 50 also comprises a powered friction conveyor. The conveyor includes vertical conveyors 61 (only one of which is shown) disposed on opposite sides of the trough 52 of the feeder 50. The conveyor 61 includes a friction roller and a conveyor belt fitted over the friction roller.
The vertical shell breaking machine comprises more than 1 fixing position 70 for detachably fixing the sleeve dies 30A, 30B and the like, and the through holes 31 of the sleeve dies 30A, 30B on each fixing position 70 are provided with respective cross-sectional shapes and sizes and corresponding feeders 50.
4 raised cutting tools 40 are arranged on the inner wall of the through hole 31 along the circumferential direction of the through hole 31, and the included angle between every two adjacent cutting tools 40 is not more than 90 degrees. The cover die 30A is provided with a regulator 41 for regulating the projecting distance of the cutting tool 40.
The vertical hull breaker also includes a classification collector 80 disposed below the mantle 30A. As can be seen from fig. 1, the vertical through hole 30A of the vertical shell breaking machine and the vertically installed punching head 20 enable the machine with multiple processing stations to greatly save the occupied area.