CN203079999U - Device using fine ore and coal oxygen for direct steel-making - Google Patents
Device using fine ore and coal oxygen for direct steel-making Download PDFInfo
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- CN203079999U CN203079999U CN2013200107847U CN201320010784U CN203079999U CN 203079999 U CN203079999 U CN 203079999U CN 2013200107847 U CN2013200107847 U CN 2013200107847U CN 201320010784 U CN201320010784 U CN 201320010784U CN 203079999 U CN203079999 U CN 203079999U
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Abstract
The utility model relates to a device using fine ore and coal oxygen for direct steel-making. The device comprises a fine ore milling device, a fine ore lifting device, a multi-stage cyclone preheater, a pre-reduction circulating fluidized bed, a final reduction circulating fluidized bed, a direct steel-making furnace, a fine ore blowing device, a bottom blowing or side blowing coal oxygen gun, a first gas heat exchanger, a second gas heat exchanger, a third gas heat exchanger, a fourth gas heat exchanger, a gas pressurization device, a gas purification device and a CO2 and H2O gas removal device, wherein a discharge port of the fine ore milling device is connected with a feed port of the fine ore lifting device, and the discharge port of the fine ore lifting device is connected to the feed port of the multi-stage cyclone preheater; the discharge port of the multi-stage cyclone preheater is connected with the feed port of the pre-reduction circulating fluidized bed, and the discharge port of the pre-reduction circulating fluidized bed is connected with the feed port of the final reduction circulating fluidized bed; the final reduction circulating fluidized bed is connected with the direct steel-making device through the fine ore blowing device; and the bottom blowing or side blowing coal oxygen gun is inserted to the bottom or the side part of the direct steel-making furnace.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to the technical field of steel making, in particular to a device for directly making steel by using fine ores and coal oxygen.
Background
The most important and most common steel production process is also called long process, in which four main process links, namely sintering (or pelletizing), coking, blast furnace ironmaking and converter steelmaking, are required for obtaining molten steel from iron ore, and in addition, a plurality of auxiliary process links are also required. More than 70% of iron ore reduction in blast furnace iron making is indirect reduction, belongs to gas-solid reaction, and requires a blast furnace to keep good air permeability, so that iron fine powder ore and rich lump powder ore powder obtained after lean ore beneficiation can be used by the blast furnace only by agglomeration, namely, the iron fine powder ore and the rich lump powder ore powder are required to be subjected to a sintering (or pelletizing) process. The material processing amount of sintering (or pelletizing) occupies the second place of the iron and steel combination (next to the iron-making production), and the energy consumption is next to the iron-making and steel-rolling but third place. The use of coke in blast furnaces, on the one hand as fuel and iron oxide reducing agent for supplying the heat required for smelting, is now partially replaced by coal injection, the more important role of coke being as a skeleton supporting the columns of material up to tens of meters after the ore has been softened and melted, and at the same time as a gas path. The proportion of coking coal in raw coal is small, the reserve is limited, and the development of a long process depending on the coking coal is necessary to bring crisis. The traditional long process has been developed to the peak, but the characteristics of blast furnace ironmaking determine that the traditional long process has large scale, high investment, long production period, high energy consumption per ton of steel and serious environmental pollution.
The direct reduction-electric furnace process can also obtain molten steel from iron ore without coke, but most of direct reduction iron is produced by a shaft furnace, an iron powder ore agglomeration process is still needed, and abundant natural gas resources are needed. Therefore, the direct reduction-electric furnace process is still difficult to compete with the traditional long-process method, the steel yield share in the world is only 5%, and the steel yield share is very small in China.
The smelting reduction-converter flow changes the dependence degree of the traditional long flow on coke, for example, the COREX smelting reduction iron-making-converter flow only needs a small amount of coke, and in principle, the method only divides the function of a blast furnace into two parts, namely, the gas indirect reduction is firstly carried out, and then the melting separation is carried out, but the defects are obvious: high oxygen consumption (500 m)3T), the investment is 10-20% higher than that of the traditional long process, and the development speed is slow. The melting reduction-converter process is only a revolution of the prior process of the traditional long-process iron.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model aims to overcome the defects of the prior steel-making equipment, thereby providing the equipment for directly making steel by using fine ore and coal oxygen.
In order to achieve the above object, the utility model provides an equipment of making steel directly with fine ore and coal oxygen, including grinding fine ore equipment 1, fine ore hoisting equipment 2, multistage cyclone preheater 3, reduce circulating fluidized bed 4 in advance, reduce circulating fluidized bed 5 finally, direct steelmaking stove 6, fine ore jetting equipment 7, end blow or side blow coal oxygen rifle 8, first gas heat exchanger 11, second gas heat exchanger 13, third gas heat exchanger 14, fourth gas heat exchanger 16, gaseous supercharging equipment 12, gaseous clarification plant 15 and gaseous desorption CO2And H2An O device 17; wherein,
the discharge hole of the fine ore grinding device 1 is connected with the feed hole of the fine ore lifting device 2, and the discharge hole of the fine ore lifting device 2 is connected with the feed hole of the multistage cyclone preheater 3; the discharge hole of the multi-stage cyclone preheater 3 is connected with the feed inlet of the pre-reduction circulating fluidized bed 4, and the discharge hole of the pre-reduction circulating fluidized bed 4 is connected with the feed inlet of the final reduction circulating fluidized bed 5; the final reduction circulating fluidized bed 5 is connected with the direct steel-making furnace 6 through the fine ore injection equipment 7; the bottom blowing or side blowing coal-oxygen lance 8 is inserted into the bottom or the side part of the direct steelmaking furnace 6;
the gas outlet of the direct steelmaking furnace 6 is connected to the first gas heat exchanger 11, the first gas heat exchanger 11 is connected to the gas pressure equipment 12, the gas pressure equipment 12 is connected to the gas inlet of the final reduction circulating fluidized bed 5, and the gas outlet of the final reduction circulating fluidized bed 5 is connected to the second gas heat exchanger 13; the second gas heat exchanger 13 is connected to the gas inlet of the pre-reduction circulating fluidized bed 4, the gas outlet of the pre-reduction circulating fluidized bed 4 is connected to the third gas heat exchanger 14, and the third gas heat exchanger 14 is also connected with the gas inlet of the multi-stage cyclone preheater 3; the gas outlet of the multi-stage cyclone preheater 3 is connected to the gas purification equipment 15, and the gas purification equipment 15 removes CO from the gas through the fourth gas heat exchanger 162And H2O device 17, said gas being CO-depleted2And H2The outlet of the O device 17 is connected to the line between the first heat exchanger 11 and the gas pressurizing device 12.
In the above technical scheme, the direct steel-making furnace 6 is a barrel-shaped furnace, and the interior of the direct steel-making furnace includes a slag zone, a molten steel zone and a gas phase zone, wherein the gas phase zone is located at the top of the direct steel-making furnace 6, the molten steel zone is located at the bottom of the direct steel-making furnace 6, and the slag zone is located between the gas phase zone and the molten steel zone.
In the above technical scheme, the fine ore injection device 7 is inserted into a molten steel bath in a molten steel zone of the direct steelmaking furnace 6 when connected to the direct steelmaking furnace 6.
In the technical scheme, the bottom blowing or side blowing coal-oxygen lance 8 is inserted into a molten steel bath at the bottom or on the side surface of the direct steelmaking furnace 6.
In the above technical scheme, the direct steel-making furnace 6 is further provided with a direct steel-making furnace steel-tapping hole 9 and a direct steel-making furnace slag-tapping hole 10, wherein the direct steel-making furnace steel-tapping hole 9 is located on a furnace wall outside the direct steel-making furnace 6, and the direct steel-making furnace slag-tapping hole 10 is located in the middle of the furnace wall outside the direct steel-making furnace 6.
In the above technical scheme, the steel tapping hole 9 of the direct steelmaking furnace is a siphon steel tapping hole.
In the above technical scheme, the direct steelmaking furnace 6 is further provided with a refractory system, a water cooling system, a waste gas purification treatment and a waste heat recovery system.
The utility model has the advantages that:
(1) the utility model discloses blow in high temperature melt with buggy and oxygen and make reducing gas, utilize fine grain iron powder ore gas phase suspension to preheat with the advantage that gaseous phase reduction speed is fast, efficient, preheat iron powder ore, reduction respectively in cyclone preheater and circulating fluidized bed, obtain the molten steel in blowing in high temperature melt with the pre-reduction iron powder ore of the more than 90% metallization rate that will obtain. Because the reduction is carried out at a lower temperature (compared with the direct reduction in blast furnace ironmaking), the generated pre-reduced iron powder has less carburization, and the decarburization is less when the finished product molten steel is obtained; the existing mainstream blast furnace-converter process for producing crude steel follows the process route from iron ore → molten iron → molten steel, and is a process of firstly carburetting and then decarbonizing. The utility model essentially simplifies the steel-making production flow.
(2) The utility model realizes the direct production of molten steel from fine ore, coal and oxygen, does not need fine ore agglomeration, coking and converter decarburization, and compared with the prior steelmaking process, the investment of equipment and capital construction is greatly saved, and the investment of equipment and capital construction can be saved by more than 30 percent by conservative calculation; the commodity circulation obtains fully simplifying, and at traditional steel plant, the commodity circulation of each process link is very busy, and the iron content commodity circulation is through the temperature rise cooling of several times, loses a large amount of physics heat, and new direct steelmaking technology is very compact, and the commodity circulation is simple orderly, has avoided the temperature loss of molten iron in the transportation moreover, easily realizes the directness and the automatic control of production, is new generation intelligent steel plant, adopts the utility model discloses afterwards, the face and the features of steel plant take place great change.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of the apparatus of the present invention.
Description of the drawings
1 milling ore equipment, 2 milling ore lifting equipment and 3 multi-stage cyclone preheater
4 pre-reduction circulating fluidized bed 5 final reduction circulating fluidized bed 6 direct steelmaking furnace
7 fine ore injection equipment 8 bottom blowing coal oxygen lance 9 direct steelmaking furnace steel tapping hole
10 direct steelmaking furnace slag hole 11 first gas heat exchanger 12 gas supercharging equipment
13 second gas Heat exchanger 14 third gas Heat exchanger 15 gas cleaning plant
16 fourth gas heat exchanger 17 for removing CO from gas2And H2And (4) O equipment.
Detailed Description
The invention will now be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, in one embodiment, the direct steelmaking apparatus of the present invention includes: the system comprises a fine ore grinding device 1, a fine ore lifting device 2, a multi-stage cyclone preheater 3, a pre-reduction circulating fluidized bed 4, a final reduction circulating fluidized bed 5, a direct steel-making furnace 6, a fine ore injection device 7, a bottom-blowing or side-blowing coal-oxygen lance 8, a first gas heat exchanger 11, a second gas heat exchanger 13 and a third gas heat exchanger14. Fourth gas heat exchanger 16, gas pressurizing device 12, gas purifying device 15 and gas CO removal2And H2And (6) an O device 17. Wherein, the discharge port of the powder ore grinding device 1 is connected with the feed port of the powder ore lifting device 2, and the discharge port of the powder ore lifting device 2 is connected with the feed port of the multi-stage cyclone preheater 3; the discharge hole of the multi-stage cyclone preheater 3 is connected with the feed hole of the pre-reduction circulating fluidized bed 4, and the discharge hole of the pre-reduction circulating fluidized bed 4 is connected with the feed hole of the final reduction circulating fluidized bed 5; the final reduction circulating fluidized bed 5 is connected with a direct steelmaking furnace 6 through a fine ore injection device 7; the bottom blowing or side blowing coal-oxygen lance 8 is inserted to the bottom or the side part of the direct steelmaking furnace 6; the gas outlet of the direct steelmaking furnace 6 is connected to a first gas heat exchanger 11, the first gas heat exchanger 11 is connected with a gas supercharging device 12, the gas supercharging device 12 is connected to the gas inlet of the final reduction circulating fluidized bed 5, and the gas outlet of the final reduction circulating fluidized bed 5 is connected to a second gas heat exchanger 13; the second gas heat exchanger 13 is connected to the gas inlet of the pre-reduction circulating fluidized bed 4, the gas outlet of the pre-reduction circulating fluidized bed 4 is connected to the third gas heat exchanger 14, and the third gas heat exchanger 14 is also connected with the gas inlet of the multi-stage cyclone preheater 3; the gas outlet of the multi-stage cyclone preheater 3 is connected to a gas purification device 15, and the gas purification device 15 removes CO from the gas through a fourth gas heat exchanger 162And H2O device 17 is connected to remove CO from gas2And H2The outlet of the O device 17 is connected to the line between the first heat exchanger 11 and the gas charging device 12.
The various components of the direct steelmaking apparatus are described further below.
The direct steelmaking furnace 6 is a barrel furnace and includes a slag zone, a molten steel zone and a gas phase zone in the interior, wherein the gas phase zone is located at the top of the direct steelmaking furnace 6, the molten steel zone is located at the bottom of the direct steelmaking furnace 6, and the slag zone is located between the gas phase zone and the molten steel zone. When the fine ore injection equipment 7 is connected with the direct steelmaking furnace 6, the fine ore injection equipment is inserted into a molten steel bath in a molten steel area of the direct steelmaking furnace 6, and the bottom blowing or side blowing coal-oxygen lance 8 is inserted into a molten steel bath at the bottom or on the side of the direct steelmaking furnace 6.
The direct steel-making furnace 6 is also provided with a direct steel-making furnace steel-tapping hole 9 and a direct steel-making furnace slag-tapping hole 10, wherein the direct steel-making furnace steel-tapping hole 9 is positioned on the furnace wall outside the direct steel-making furnace 6, and the direct steel-making furnace slag-tapping hole 10 is positioned in the middle of the furnace wall outside the direct steel-making furnace 6. The steel tapping hole 9 of the direct steelmaking furnace is a siphon steel tapping hole.
As an optimized implementation mode, the utility model discloses an among the direct steelmaking equipment, direct steelmaking furnace 6 still is equipped with resistant material system, water cooling system, exhaust purification handles and waste heat recovery system.
The operation of the direct steelmaking apparatus of the present invention will be described below.
Firstly, a molten steel melting pool or a steel slag mixed melting pool is formed in advance in a direct steelmaking furnace 6, and the temperature is more than 1600 ℃; then blowing coal powder, oxygen and a small amount of flux into the direct steelmaking furnace 6 so as to generate CO + H2>85% of reducing gas. The reducing gas is output from the gas outlet of the direct steelmaking furnace 6 and then flows through the final reduction circulating fluidized bed 5, the pre-reduction circulating fluidized bed 4 and the multi-stage cyclone preheater 3 in sequence.
The fine ore grinding equipment 1 finely grinds the iron ore to be below 100 meshes and above 325 meshes, then the fine powder is lifted to a feed port of a multi-stage cyclone preheater 3 by fine ore lifting equipment 2, the iron fine ore is heated in the multi-stage cyclone preheater 3, and the heated fine ore is conveyed to the pre-reduction circulating fluidized bed 4. At the same time, the tail gas generated by the multi-stage cyclone preheater 3 (i.e. the gas remaining after the reducing gas generated by the direct steelmaking furnace mentioned later passes through the final-reduction circulating fluidized bed 5, the pre-reduction circulating fluidized bed 4 and the multi-stage cyclone preheater 3) is purified by the gas purification apparatus 15, and then is cooled by the fourth gas heat exchanger 16, and then is subjected to CO removal2And H2O device 17 removes CO therefrom2And water vapor.
High-temperature reducing gas and CO removal generated by direct steelmaking furnace 62Circulating tail gas and circulating streams at different levelsThe temperature of the gas at the outlet of the fluidized bed is reduced to below 850 ℃ after heat exchange, the flow direction of the reducing gas and the fine ore is opposite, and the reducing gas passes through a final reduction circulating fluidized bed 5, a pre-reduction circulating fluidized bed 4 and a multi-stage cyclone preheater 3. The temperature of the reducing gas at the outlet of each stage of the circulating fluidized bed has been reduced and therefore heat exchange with the high temperature reducing gas exiting the direct steelmaking furnace 6 is required to raise the temperature. The circulating tail gas from the multi-stage cyclone preheater 3 needs to be removed of CO2Mixing the steam with the high-temperature reducing gas discharged from the direct steelmaking furnace 6, heating to 850 ℃, and introducing into a circulating fluidized bed; in the circulating fluidized bed, iron ore powder and reducing gas are subjected to reduction reaction, and the metallization rate of the iron ore powder discharged from the last stage of circulating fluidized bed reaches over 90 percent.
Blowing the preheated and reduced iron powder ore with the metallization rate of more than 90% into the direct steelmaking furnace by using nitrogen, simultaneously continuously blowing coal powder, oxygen and a small amount of fusing agent into the direct steelmaking furnace, and adjusting the ratio of the coal powder, the oxygen and the iron powder ore to keep the carbon content of the molten steel below 0.4%, and simultaneously removing most of phosphorus and a small amount of sulfur, wherein the molten steel and slag in a molten pool are continuously increased and flow out through a siphon steel outlet 9 and a slag outlet 10.
After the operation of the direct steel-making furnace of the utility model, the content of C is about 0.1-0.8% in the obtained crude molten steel, the content of Si and Mn is less than 0.05%, and the qualified molten steel can be obtained through the subsequent external refining and deoxidation alloying procedures.
Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and are not limited. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the embodiments, those skilled in the art will understand that modifications and equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solution of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the present invention, and all of them shall fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. The equipment for directly making steel by using fine ore and coal oxygen is characterized by comprising fine ore grinding equipment (1), fine ore lifting equipment (2), a multi-stage cyclone preheater (3), a pre-reduction circulating fluidized bed (4), a final reduction circulating fluidized bed (5), a direct steel-making furnace (6), fine ore injection equipment (7), a bottom blowing or side blowing coal-oxygen lance (8), a first gas heat exchanger (11), a second gas heat exchanger (13), a third gas heat exchanger (14), a fourth gas heat exchanger (16), gas supercharging equipment (12), gas purifying equipment (15) and gas removal CO2And H2An O device (17); wherein,
the discharge hole of the powder ore device (1) is connected with the feed hole of the powder ore lifting device (2), and the discharge hole of the powder ore lifting device (2) is connected with the feed hole of the multi-stage cyclone preheater (3); the discharge hole of the multi-stage cyclone preheater (3) is connected with the feed inlet of the pre-reduction circulating fluidized bed (4), and the discharge hole of the pre-reduction circulating fluidized bed (4) is connected with the feed inlet of the final reduction circulating fluidized bed (5); the final reduction circulating fluidized bed (5) is connected with the direct steel-making furnace (6) through the fine ore injection equipment (7); the bottom blowing or side blowing coal-oxygen lance (8) is inserted to the bottom or the side part of the direct steelmaking furnace (6);
the gas outlet of the direct steel-making furnace (6) is connected to the first gas heat exchanger (11), the first gas heat exchanger (11) is connected with the gas supercharging device (12), the gas supercharging device (12) is connected to the gas inlet of the final reduction circulating fluidized bed (5), and the gas outlet of the final reduction circulating fluidized bed (5) is connected to the second gas heat exchanger (13); the second gas heat exchanger (13) is connected to the gas inlet of the pre-reduction circulating fluidized bed (4), the gas outlet of the pre-reduction circulating fluidized bed (4) is connected to the third gas heat exchanger (14), and the third gas heat exchanger (14) is also connected with the gas inlet of the multi-stage cyclone preheater (3); the gas outlet of the multi-stage cyclone preheater (3) is connected to the gas purification equipment (15), and the gas purification equipment (15) and the gas are subjected to CO removal through the fourth gas heat exchanger (16)2And H2O-plant (17) connected to said gas for removing CO2And H2The gas outlet of the O device (17) is connected to a pipeline between the first heat exchanger (11) and the gas pressurization device (12).
2. The apparatus for direct steelmaking using fine ore and coal oxygen as claimed in claim 1, wherein said direct steelmaking furnace (6) is a barrel type furnace, and its interior includes a slag zone, a molten steel zone and a gas phase zone, wherein the gas phase zone is located at the top of said direct steelmaking furnace (6), the molten steel zone is located at the bottom of said direct steelmaking furnace (6), and the slag zone is located between the gas phase zone and the molten steel zone.
3. The apparatus for direct steelmaking using fine ore and coal oxygen as claimed in claim 2, wherein said fine ore injection means (7) is inserted into a molten steel bath in a molten steel zone of said direct steelmaking furnace (6) when it is connected to said direct steelmaking furnace (6).
4. The apparatus for direct steelmaking from fine ore and coal-oxygen as claimed in claim 2, wherein said bottom-blowing or side-blowing lance (8) is inserted into the molten steel bath at the bottom or side of said direct steelmaking furnace (6).
5. An apparatus for direct steelmaking from fine ore and coal oxygen as claimed in claim 1, wherein said direct steelmaking furnace (6) is further provided with a direct steelmaking furnace tap hole (9) and a direct steelmaking furnace slag hole (10), wherein said direct steelmaking furnace tap hole (9) is formed in the furnace wall outside said direct steelmaking furnace (6), and said direct steelmaking furnace slag hole (10) is formed in the middle of the furnace wall outside said direct steelmaking furnace (6).
6. The apparatus for direct steelmaking from fine ore and coal oxygen as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that said direct steelmaking furnace tap-hole (9) is a siphon tap-hole.
7. The apparatus for direct steelmaking using fine ore and coal oxygen as claimed in claim 1, wherein said direct steelmaking furnace (6) is further provided with a refractory system, a water cooling system, an exhaust gas purification treatment and a waste heat recovery system.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2013200107847U CN203079999U (en) | 2013-01-09 | 2013-01-09 | Device using fine ore and coal oxygen for direct steel-making |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2013200107847U CN203079999U (en) | 2013-01-09 | 2013-01-09 | Device using fine ore and coal oxygen for direct steel-making |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN203079999U true CN203079999U (en) | 2013-07-24 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN2013200107847U Expired - Fee Related CN203079999U (en) | 2013-01-09 | 2013-01-09 | Device using fine ore and coal oxygen for direct steel-making |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103060505A (en) * | 2013-01-09 | 2013-04-24 | 莱芜钢铁集团有限公司 | Equipment for directly making steel by using fine ore and coal oxygen |
| CN108374067A (en) * | 2018-04-09 | 2018-08-07 | 东北大学 | A kind of device and method of reduction direct steelmaking at full speed |
| CN113789420A (en) * | 2021-08-10 | 2021-12-14 | 赵晓 | A kind of iron-containing powder direct steelmaking device in reducing atmosphere and using method |
-
2013
- 2013-01-09 CN CN2013200107847U patent/CN203079999U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103060505A (en) * | 2013-01-09 | 2013-04-24 | 莱芜钢铁集团有限公司 | Equipment for directly making steel by using fine ore and coal oxygen |
| CN108374067A (en) * | 2018-04-09 | 2018-08-07 | 东北大学 | A kind of device and method of reduction direct steelmaking at full speed |
| CN108374067B (en) * | 2018-04-09 | 2019-07-02 | 东北大学 | Device and method for rapid reduction and direct steelmaking |
| CN113789420A (en) * | 2021-08-10 | 2021-12-14 | 赵晓 | A kind of iron-containing powder direct steelmaking device in reducing atmosphere and using method |
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| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20130724 Termination date: 20160109 |