CN103667573A - Short-flow process for producing direct reduction iron with assistance of coke oven gas - Google Patents
Short-flow process for producing direct reduction iron with assistance of coke oven gas Download PDFInfo
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- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 214
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 61
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 48
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 211
- 238000006722 reduction reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 72
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000000112 cooling gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 26
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 23
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 16
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000006057 reforming reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- UFWIBTONFRDIAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Naphthalene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C21 UFWIBTONFRDIAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000003034 coal gas Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002407 reforming Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000011089 carbon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001465 metallisation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- JYYOBHFYCIDXHH-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbonic acid;hydrate Chemical compound O.OC(O)=O JYYOBHFYCIDXHH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 30
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 abstract description 30
- 238000009628 steelmaking Methods 0.000 abstract description 12
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 9
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910001567 cementite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 4
- 235000009508 confectionery Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910001341 Crude steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005255 carburizing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000000396 iron Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 2
- 210000003484 anatomy Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010891 electric arc Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005272 metallurgy Methods 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-AKLPVKDBSA-N oxygen-19 atom Chemical compound [19O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-AKLPVKDBSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/10—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions
- Y02P10/122—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions by capturing or storing CO2
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/10—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions
- Y02P10/143—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions of methane [CH4]
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
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Abstract
The invention discloses a short-flow process for producing direct reduction iron with the assistance of coke oven gas. The process is characterized in that the coke oven gas is adopted for providing hydrogen resources for direct reduction iron production, the direct reduction iron is produced in a gas base shaft furnace, a direct reduction iron production device consists of a cooling loop, a reduction gas loop and a reaction tower, and the direct reduction iron is produced in the reaction tower. The upper part of the reaction tower is provided with a reduction section, the lower part of the reaction tower is provided with a cooling section, and oxidized pellets enter the top of the reaction tower through a feeding system, move downwards under the gravity action, are preheated in the reduction section and are subjected to a reduction reaction with reduction gas, so that the direct reduction iron is produced. The oxidized pellets are cooled to normal temperature in the cooling section by cooling gas and then are discharged, and the cold direct reduction iron is obtained. According to the invention, natural gas is replaced by the high-chemical-energy coke oven gas, the direct reduction iron is produced in the gas base shaft furnace, the requirement of electric furnace steelmaking is met, the energy consumption in the whole steelmaking process is reduced, the production cost is reduced, the carbon dioxide emission is reduced, and the green steel process is promoted.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to smelting iron and steel technical field, particularly a kind of Direct Reduction Iron Produced by Coke Oven Gas abbreviated system of using.
Background technology
At present, the domestic industry of smelting iron and steel is in the prior art mainly to take blast furnace ironmaking as main, but blast furnace ironmaking exists the problems such as cost is high, efficiency is low, seriously polluted.In western developed country some developing country even, direct-reduction abbreviated system has progressively replaced blast furnace to become the main production model of smelting iron and steel.Focus on global direct-reduced iron and produce, the core technology of american steel is very ripe, and wherein the short flow process technology of direct-reduction Electric furnace steel making, maintains the leading position in the world.The U.S. produces 9000 ten thousand tons of left and right of steel per year, with the steel that direct-reduction abbreviated system is produced, accounts for half of the country.United States Steel Corporation is the Iron And Steel Company of U.S.'s maximum, and long-term production is in loss of capital edge, and it competes failed major reason is to continue to use the long flow process of tradition, and does not utilize gas resource to produce direct-reduced iron, short flow process steel-making.India's iron and steel industry development is started late, but tempo is very fast, has benefited from being widely used the short flow process mode of production of direct-reduction.It is reported, India produces 7000 ten thousand tons of left and right of steel at present per year, and direct-reduced iron output is 3,500 ten thousand tons of left and right.The direct-reduced iron of 80-90% adds in electric arc furnace or induction furnace makes steel, and direct-reduction abbreviated system becomes the steel mainstream technology of India.United Arab Emirates Abu Dhabi Steel Plant, adopt ENERGIRON abbreviated system, build two cover direct-reduced iron devices, produce 3200000 tons of direct-reduced irons per year, 100% direct-reduced iron Electric furnace steel making, has formed 3,000,000 tons short flow process associating Steel Plant, plans to build for 2014 the short flow path device of two cover direct-reductions again, crude steel output reaches 6,500,000 tons, for upgrading transition of world steel industry creates new pattern.Abu Dhabi Steel Plant are by DANIELI over contract, and bag is built, and by the short flow process technology of ENERGIRON, push to all over the world, the Qi Ge producer that accepted and order for goods, and device aggregated capacity reaches 12,150 ten thousand tons, and Bing Weige manufacturer provides technical support and technical guarantee.The integration of ENERGIRON technology and Electric furnace steel making, energy-conservation for iron and steel industry, reduce discharging, reduce production costs, industrialness production experience is provided; For iron and steel industry upgrading transition, provide new approach.Ten thousand tons of left and right of Malaysia crude steel annual production 300-350, because the western horse of eastern horse (Sarawak) (East Coast) is abounded with Sweet natural gas, use gas-based shaft kiln directly reduced abbreviated system, produce nearly 2,000,000 tons of direct-reduced iron per year, and obtain the effect of energy-conservation, reduction of discharging, environmental protection.Malaysia Ding Jianu state POWAJA section steel works, the original design 600,000 tons of short flow process of direct-reduction Steel Plant, through four transformation and upgrade of Mexico HYLSA company, direct-reduced iron annual production reaches 900,000 tons.Wei Duan flow process Steel Plant provide iron resources.By the anatomy of above-mentioned various countries Iron & Steel Development mode, to be not difficult to find out, the short flow process of direct-reduction Electric furnace steel making will become the mainstream technology of world steel future development, and gas-based shaft kiln directly reduced technology will become the main mode of production of direct-reduced iron production.But the shortage of Sweet natural gas becomes a major cause that hinders world's direct-reduced iron industrial development.
Summary of the invention
The present invention has overcome the defect of above-mentioned existence, and object is to have the problems such as cost is high, efficiency is low, seriously polluted for solving blast furnace ironmaking, and a kind of Direct Reduction Iron Produced by Coke Oven Gas abbreviated system of using is provided.
Direct Reduction Iron Produced by Coke Oven Gas abbreviated system content Description for the present invention:
The present invention's Direct Reduction Iron Produced by Coke Oven Gas abbreviated system, it is characterized in that: adopt coke-oven gas to produce hydrogen resource is provided for direct-reduced iron, in gas-based shaft kiln, produce direct-reduced iron, direct-reduced iron production equipment is by cooling loop, three parts of reducing gas loop and reaction tower form, finally in reaction tower, produce direct-reduced iron, the top of reaction tower is reduction section, bottom is cooling section, acid pellet enters reaction tower top by feeding system, under the effect of gravity, slowly move down, in reduction section preheating and with reducing gas, carry out reduction reaction, generate direct-reduced iron, at cooling section, with cooling gas, be cooled to normal temperature to discharge, obtain cold direct-reduced iron,
The direct-reduced iron technological process of production: adopt coke-oven gas heat treated, coke-oven gas and iron ore in gas-based shaft kiln from reforming reaction and reduction reaction, hot reduced iron cooling process and reduced iron is carried out to carburization reaction and reducing gas recycle and reuse, by four processing steps, realize;
(1) adopt coke-oven gas heat treated:
Coke-oven gas is sent into and in humidifier, added water vapour, the coke-oven gas that has merged water vapour is heated to 930 ℃ in well heater, methane gas in coke-oven gas heats rear generation carbon monoxide and hydrogen together with water, in its backward outlet conduit, spray into pure oxygen, carry out partial combustion, make coke-oven gas temperature bring up to 1050 ℃, reach the requirement from reforming reaction and reduction reaction temperature and heat balance, after enter gas-based shaft kiln middle part;
(2) coke-oven gas and iron ore in gas-based shaft kiln from reforming reaction and reduction reaction:
There are three kinds of reactions in the coke-oven gas after heating: from reforming reaction, reduction reaction and carburization reaction in gas-based shaft kiln, the top of gas-based shaft kiln is reduction section, bottom is cooling section, acid pellet enters gas-based shaft kiln by the feeding system at gas-based shaft kiln top, under the effect of gravity, slowly move down, enter the high temperature coke oven coal gas in gas-based shaft kiln, acid pellet is heated to 600 ℃-700 ℃, the coke-oven gas of high temperature is under the effect of iron catalyst simultaneously, there is thermo-cracking and from reforming reaction, produce reducing gas hydrogen and carbon monoxide, by the methane reforming in coke-oven gas, be hydrogen and carbon monoxide, be heated to acid pellet and the hydrogen of 600 ℃-700 ℃, reaction of carbon monoxide, deviate from the oxygen in pellet, produce high-quality direct-reduced iron,
(3) hot reduced iron cooling process reduced iron is carried out to carburization reaction:
The hot direct reduced iron generating after reacting with reducing gas enters cooling section and is cooled to normal temperature then to discharge with cooling gas, and the direct-reduced iron obtaining is called cold direct-reduced iron, at cooling section, use gas compressor then to enter cooling loop to supplementary coke-oven gas pressurization, the direct-reduced iron that circulating cooling is produced at gas-based shaft kiln reduction section, simultaneously by the hydrocarbon polymer cracking in coke-oven gas and reduced iron is carried out to carburization reaction, the coke-oven gas cold at cooling section can be heated in the process of cooling heat reduced iron, coke-oven gas is heated to 70 ℃, coke-oven gas after heating is directly sent into and in reducing gas compressor, carried out pressure treatment and then send into carbon dioxide recovering apparatus, reheat with sending in humidifier together with supplementary coke-oven gas simultaneously, then circulation enters gas-based shaft kiln, at cooling section, use gas cooler not carry out cooling process to reaching the coke-oven gas of temperature 70 C, after gas compressor pressurization, send into the cooling direct-reduced iron of gas-based shaft kiln,
(4) reducing gas recycle and reuse:
For cooling recycle gas, through pressurization, be fed in the reducing gas circuit system at gas-based shaft kiln top, the high-temperature reductibility gas at gas-based shaft kiln top in conversion zone under the effect of iron catalyst, hydrogen and carbon monoxide that methane reforming forms, react and generate carbonic acid gas and water with iron ore concentrate, the refrigeration cycle gas of sending into reaction tower top through pressurization is called top gas, top gas temperature at gas-based shaft kiln top is 427 ℃, top gas enters heat reclamation device from the eliminating of gas-based shaft kiln top and produces steam, refrigerated separation water outlet in top gas water cooler, the top gas of separated water outlet is sent into reducer compressor and is pressurizeed, reducer compressor need to be controlled the pressure of gas in whole technical process at 4-6 handkerchief, the top gas of pressurization is sent into decarbonation device, the top gas of carbon dioxide removal and water and supplementary coke-oven gas, and at cooling section, be warmed to the coke-oven gas of 70 ℃ and reheat in sending into together humidifier well heater, then circulation enters gas-based shaft kiln.
The abbreviated system that adopts Direct Reduction Iron Produced by Coke Oven Gas, raw materials for production are pellet and coke-oven gas, to the requirement of pellet, are: Fe 64-66%, SiO
2< 3%, intensity > 2800-3000 newton, low temperature reduction degradation index ﹤ 3%;
It is the coal gas after purifying treatment that coke-oven gas requires, its main component (% volume):
H
262%, CH
426%, CO 6%, CO
22%, N
22%, O
20.15%, CmHn 3-4%; Its foreign matter content is controlled index: benzene < 2000mg/Nm
3, naphthalene < 50mg/Nm
3, tar < 10mg/Nm
3, H
2s < 20mg/Nm
3, HCN < 200mg/Nm
3;
The direct-reduced iron quality index of producing: degree of metalization 94-96%, carbon content 4-6%.
The present invention's Direct Reduction Iron Produced by Coke Oven Gas abbreviated system, adopt coke-oven gas to produce hydrogen resource is provided for direct-reduced iron, with the coke-oven gas of high chemical energy, replace Sweet natural gas, in gas-based shaft kiln, produce qualified direct-reduced iron, meet the demand of Electric furnace steel making, reduce the full-range energy consumption of iron and steel, reduce production costs, reduce CO2 emissions, promote to realize the process of green iron and steel.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is with Direct Reduction Iron Produced by Coke Oven Gas abbreviated system schema.
Embodiment
The present invention is achieved in that below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and illustrates by Direct Reduction Iron Produced by Coke Oven Gas abbreviated system.
The present invention is a kind of Direct Reduction Iron Produced by Coke Oven Gas abbreviated system of using, adopt coke-oven gas to produce hydrogen resource is provided for direct-reduced iron, in gas-based shaft kiln, produce direct-reduced iron, direct-reduced iron production equipment is by cooling loop, three parts of reducing gas loop and reaction tower form, finally in reaction tower, produce direct-reduced iron, the top of reaction tower is reduction section, bottom is cooling section, acid pellet enters reaction tower top by feeding system, under the effect of gravity, slowly move down, in reduction section preheating and with reducing gas, carry out reduction reaction, generate direct-reduced iron, at cooling section, with cooling gas, be cooled to normal temperature to discharge, obtain cold direct-reduced iron.
The direct-reduced iron technological process of production: adopt coke-oven gas heat treated, coke-oven gas and iron ore in gas-based shaft kiln from reforming reaction and reduction reaction, hot reduced iron cooling process and to reduced iron carry out carburization reaction, reducing gas recycle and reuse realizes by four processing steps;
(1) adopt coke-oven gas heat treated:
Coke-oven gas is sent into and in humidifier, added water vapour, the coke-oven gas that has merged water vapour is heated to 930 ℃ in well heater, methane gas in coke-oven gas heats rear generation carbon monoxide and hydrogen together with water, in its backward outlet conduit, spray into pure oxygen, carry out partial combustion, make coke-oven gas temperature bring up to 1050 ℃, reach the requirement from reforming reaction and reduction reaction temperature and heat balance, after enter gas-based shaft kiln middle part.
(2) coke-oven gas and iron ore in gas-based shaft kiln from reforming reaction and reduction reaction:
There are three kinds of reactions in the coke-oven gas after heating: from reforming reaction, reduction reaction and carburization reaction in gas-based shaft kiln; The top of gas-based shaft kiln is reduction section, bottom is cooling section, acid pellet enters gas-based shaft kiln by the feeding system at gas-based shaft kiln top, under the effect of gravity, slowly move down, enter the high temperature coke oven coal gas in gas-based shaft kiln, acid pellet is heated to 600 ℃-700 ℃, the coke-oven gas of high temperature is under the effect of iron catalyst simultaneously, there is thermo-cracking and from reforming reaction, produce reducing gas hydrogen and carbon monoxide (CH
4+ H
2o=CO+3H
2cH
4+ CO
2=2CO+2H
22CH
4+ O
2=2CO+4H
2o
2+ 2H
2=2H
2o CH
4=2CO+2H
2), in coke-oven gas, 30% contained methane reforming is 70% hydrogen and 30% carbon monoxide.Be heated to the acid pellet of 600 ℃-700 ℃ and hydrogen, reaction of carbon monoxide, deviate from the oxygen in pellet, produce high-quality direct-reduced iron (Fe
2o
3+ 3CO=2Fe
0+ 3CO
2fe
2o
3+ 3H
2=2Fe
0+ 3H
2o), the raw material of high-quality is provided for Electric furnace steel making.
(3) hot reduced iron cooling process reduced iron is carried out to carburization reaction:
The hot direct reduced iron generating after reacting with reducing gas enters cooling section and is cooled to normal temperature then to discharge with cooling gas, and the direct-reduced iron obtaining is called cold direct-reduced iron, at cooling section, use gas compressor then to enter cooling loop to supplementary coke-oven gas pressurization, the direct-reduced iron that circulating cooling is produced at gas-based shaft kiln reduction section, simultaneously by the hydrocarbon polymer cracking in coke-oven gas and reduced iron is carried out to carburization reaction (3Fe
0+ CH
4=Fe
3c+2H
23Fe+2CO=Fe3C+CO2), the coke-oven gas cold at cooling section can be heated in the process of cooling heat reduced iron, coke-oven gas is heated to 70 ℃, coke-oven gas after heating is directly sent into and in reducing gas compressor, carried out pressure treatment and then send into carbon dioxide recovering apparatus, reheat with sending in humidifier together with supplementary coke-oven gas simultaneously, then circulation enters gas-based shaft kiln, be heated to 70 ℃ and must than the normal temperature coke-oven gas that enters into process furnace, more can reach energy-conservation effect by coke-oven gas, at cooling section, use gas cooler not carry out cooling process to reaching the coke-oven gas of temperature 70 C, after gas compressor pressurization, send into the cooling direct-reduced iron of gas-based shaft kiln, .
(4) reducing gas recycle and reuse:
For cooling recycle gas, through pressurization, be fed in the reducing gas circuit system at gas-based shaft kiln top, the reducing gas that the gas now mainly existing at gas-based shaft kiln top has high temperature in conversion zone under the effect of iron catalyst, hydrogen and carbon monoxide that methane reforming forms, react and generate carbonic acid gas and water with iron ore concentrate, through pressurization, send into the refrigeration cycle gas at reaction tower top, these gases are referred to as top gas, now the top gas temperature at gas-based shaft kiln top is 427 ℃, top gas enters heat reclamation device from the eliminating of gas-based shaft kiln top and produces steam, refrigerated separation water outlet in top gas water cooler, the top gas of separated water outlet is sent into reducer compressor and is pressurizeed, reducer compressor need to be controlled the pressure of gas in whole technical process at 4-6 handkerchief, the top gas that adds overvoltage is sent into decarbonation device, together with the top gas of carbon dioxide removal and water and supplementary coke-oven gas and the coke-oven gas that is warmed to 70 ℃ at cooling section, send in humidifier well heater and reheat, then circulation enters gas-based shaft kiln.
Adopt Direct Reduction Iron Produced by Coke Oven Gas abbreviated system, raw materials for production are pellet and coke-oven gas, to the requirement of pellet, are: Fe 64-66%, SiO
2< 3%, intensity > 2800-3000 newton, low temperature reduction degradation index ﹤ 3%;
It is the coal gas after purifying treatment that coke-oven gas requires, its main component (% volume):
H
262%, CH
426%, CO 6%, CO
22%, N
22%, O
20.15%, CmHn 3-4%; Its foreign matter content is controlled index: benzene < 2000mg/Nm
3, naphthalene < 50mg/Nm
3, tar < 10mg/Nm
3, H
2s < 20mg/Nm
3, HCN < 200mg/Nm
3;
The direct-reduced iron quality index of producing: degree of metalization 94-96%, carbon content 4-6%.
Carbon under carburizing reflection effect in direct-reduced iron mainly exists with the form of iron carbide, in the more than 3% high-carbon direct-reduced iron of carbon containing, there are 70% iron and carbon to be combined into iron carbide, iron carbide after over carburizing reflection can strengthen the stability of direct-reduced iron and the activity of steel-making, is conducive to transportation and the steel-making operation of product.
Embodiment:
Adopt the present invention to produce direct-reduced iron by Direct Reduction Iron Produced by Coke Oven Gas abbreviated system, overtesting and detection proof:
The raw material of producing is pellet and coke-oven gas, is: Fe 64-66%, SiO to the requirement of pellet
2< 3%, intensity > 2800-3000 newton, low temperature reduction degradation index < 3%.
It is the coal gas after purifying treatment that coke-oven gas requires, its main component (% volume):
H
262%, CH
426%, CO 6%, CO
22%, N
22%, O
20.15%, CmHn 3-4%; Its foreign matter content is controlled index: benzene < 2000mg/Nm
3, naphthalene < 50mg/Nm
3, tar < 10mg/Nm
3, H
2s < 20mg/Nm
3, HCN < 200mg/Nm
3.
The direct-reduced iron quality index of producing: degree of metalization 94-96%, carbon content 4-6%.
Adopt the present invention to produce direct-reduced iron by the short flow process novel process of Direct Reduction Iron Produced by Coke Oven Gas Electric furnace steel making, main raw materials and fuel consumption and ton direct-reduced iron cost are as follows:
| Project | Unit consumption (unit: ton direct-reduced iron) |
| Pellet | 1.39 ton |
| Coke-oven gas | 560 Nm 3/ ton |
| Electric power | 102 kW/h |
| Oxygen | 19 Nm 3 |
| Nitrogen | 9.5 Nm 3 |
| Water | 1.4 ton |
| Production cost | 1853.16 yuan/ton |
The main reductive agent of blast furnace iron is coke, ton blast furnace 0.5 ton, coke of iron loss (comprising injection coal), and ton coke price is 2200 yuan, ton blast furnace iron loss coke expense is 1100 yuan.Ton direct-reduction iron loss coke-oven gas 560Nm
3, every cubic metre of coke-oven gas is by monobasic, and ton direct-reduced iron is 560 yuan, and the difference of two kinds of iron product consumption reductive agent (being commonly referred to as fuel) expenses is 1100-560=540 yuan.If by producing 500000 tons of iron products per year, it is 500,000 * 540 yuan=2.70 hundred million yuan that year can be ironworks cost saving.
Direct-reduced iron can replace steel scrap (ton direct-reduced iron=ton steel scrap), and ton direct-reduced iron cost price is 1853.16 yuan, and steel scrap market price is 2226.67 yuan, and price difference is 373.51 yuan.By producing 500000 tons of direct-reduced irons per year, it is 500,000 * 373.51=1.86 hundred million yuan that year makes profits.
Direct reduction iron making be hydrogen metallurgy in the application of iron-smelting process, hydrogen reduction primitive reaction formula is Fe
2o
3+ 3H
2=3Fe+H
2o.As can be seen here, the metallurgical the finished product of hydrogen are water rather than CO
2, from theoretical, say CO
2discharge is zero.According to production statistic data, show, direct reduction iron making is than blast furnace ironmaking CO
2discharge reduces 38%, and this is that low-carbon (LC) ironmaking is expected, is that green iron and steel is necessary, and the social benefit of its creation is considerable.
Direct-reduced iron is pure iron, and S content is below 0.002, and P content is below 0.002, for electrosmelting Clean Steel creates conditions; For steel mill's production high added value steel, improve steel product quality and create favorable conditions, increase the benefit of steel mill.
Claims (2)
1. use Direct Reduction Iron Produced by Coke Oven Gas abbreviated system for one kind, it is characterized in that: adopt coke-oven gas to produce hydrogen resource is provided for direct-reduced iron, in gas-based shaft kiln, produce direct-reduced iron, direct-reduced iron production equipment is by cooling loop, three parts of reducing gas loop and reaction tower form, finally in reaction tower, produce direct-reduced iron, the top of reaction tower is reduction section, bottom is cooling section, acid pellet enters reaction tower top by feeding system, under the effect of gravity, slowly move down, in reduction section preheating and with reducing gas, carry out reduction reaction, generate direct-reduced iron, at cooling section, with cooling gas, be cooled to normal temperature to discharge, obtain cold direct-reduced iron,
The direct-reduced iron technological process of production: adopt coke-oven gas heat treated, coke-oven gas and iron ore in gas-based shaft kiln from reforming reaction and reduction reaction, hot reduced iron cooling process and reduced iron is carried out to carburization reaction and reducing gas recycle and reuse, by four processing steps, realize;
(1) adopt coke-oven gas heat treated:
Coke-oven gas is sent into and in humidifier, added water vapour, the coke-oven gas that has merged water vapour is heated to 930 ℃ in well heater, methane gas in coke-oven gas heats rear generation carbon monoxide and hydrogen together with water, in its backward outlet conduit, spray into pure oxygen, carry out partial combustion, make coke-oven gas temperature bring up to 1050 ℃, reach the requirement from reforming reaction and reduction reaction temperature and heat balance, after enter gas-based shaft kiln middle part;
(2) coke-oven gas and iron ore in gas-based shaft kiln from reforming reaction and reduction reaction:
There are three kinds of reactions in the coke-oven gas after heating: from reforming reaction, reduction reaction and carburization reaction in gas-based shaft kiln, the top of gas-based shaft kiln is reduction section, bottom is cooling section, acid pellet enters gas-based shaft kiln by the feeding system at gas-based shaft kiln top, under the effect of gravity, slowly move down, enter the high temperature coke oven coal gas in gas-based shaft kiln, acid pellet is heated to 600 ℃-700 ℃, the coke-oven gas of high temperature is under the effect of iron catalyst simultaneously, there is thermo-cracking and from reforming reaction, produce reducing gas hydrogen and carbon monoxide, by the methane reforming in coke-oven gas, be hydrogen and carbon monoxide, be heated to acid pellet and the hydrogen of 600 ℃-700 ℃, reaction of carbon monoxide, deviate from the oxygen in pellet, produce high-quality direct-reduced iron,
(3) hot reduced iron cooling process reduced iron is carried out to carburization reaction:
The hot direct reduced iron generating after reacting with reducing gas enters cooling section and is cooled to normal temperature then to discharge with cooling gas, and the direct-reduced iron obtaining is called cold direct-reduced iron, at cooling section, use gas compressor then to enter cooling loop to supplementary coke-oven gas pressurization, the direct-reduced iron that circulating cooling is produced at gas-based shaft kiln reduction section, simultaneously by the hydrocarbon polymer cracking in coke-oven gas and reduced iron is carried out to carburization reaction, the coke-oven gas cold at cooling section can be heated in the process of cooling heat reduced iron, coke-oven gas is heated to 70 ℃, coke-oven gas after heating is directly sent into and in reducing gas compressor, carried out pressure treatment and then send into carbon dioxide recovering apparatus, reheat with sending in humidifier together with supplementary coke-oven gas simultaneously, then circulation enters gas-based shaft kiln, at cooling section, use gas cooler not carry out cooling process to reaching the coke-oven gas of temperature 70 C, after gas compressor pressurization, send into the cooling direct-reduced iron of gas-based shaft kiln,
(4) reducing gas recycle and reuse:
For cooling recycle gas, through pressurization, be fed in the reducing gas circuit system at gas-based shaft kiln top, the high-temperature reductibility gas at gas-based shaft kiln top in conversion zone under the effect of iron catalyst, hydrogen and carbon monoxide that methane reforming forms, react and generate carbonic acid gas and water with iron ore concentrate, the refrigeration cycle gas of sending into reaction tower top through pressurization is called top gas, top gas temperature at gas-based shaft kiln top is 427 ℃, top gas enters heat reclamation device from the eliminating of gas-based shaft kiln top and produces steam, refrigerated separation water outlet in top gas water cooler, the top gas of separated water outlet is sent into reducer compressor and is pressurizeed, reducer compressor need to be controlled the pressure of gas in whole technical process at 4-6 handkerchief, the top gas of pressurization is sent into decarbonation device, the top gas of carbon dioxide removal and water and supplementary coke-oven gas, and at cooling section, be warmed to the coke-oven gas of 70 ℃ and reheat in sending into together humidifier well heater, then circulation enters gas-based shaft kiln.
2. the Direct Reduction Iron Produced by Coke Oven Gas abbreviated system of using according to claim 1, is characterized in that: raw materials for production are pellet and coke-oven gas, to the requirement of pellet, are: Fe 64-66%, SiO
2< 3%, intensity > 2800-3000 newton, low temperature reduction degradation index ﹤ 3%;
It is the coal gas after purifying treatment that coke-oven gas requires, its main component (% volume):
H
262%, CH
426%, CO 6%, CO
22%, N
22%, O
20.15%, CmHn 3-4%; Its foreign matter content is controlled index: benzene < 2000mg/Nm
3, naphthalene < 50mg/Nm
3, tar < 10mg/Nm
3, H
2s < 20mg/Nm
3, HCN < 200mg/Nm
3;
The direct-reduced iron quality index of producing: degree of metalization 94-96%, carbon content 4-6%.
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