CN205944325U - Positive and negative pole piece processing system of lithium cell - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a positive and negative pole piece processing system of lithium cell belongs to useless battery processing field, include feed platform, conveyer, rubbing crusher, analytical engine, draught fan, the device that gathers materials, pulse clarifier and classifying screen and sorter including this system. The utility model discloses adopt completely that physical treatment ways such as machinery beats, breakage, separation are retrieved, in the separation lithium cells positive anode material, do not add any chemical composition in a whole set of technology, do not adopt any chemical treatment technology, environmental protection completely, one set of system can realize the separation of the useless positive and negative pole piece material of lithium cell, the complete operation of recovery, need not other equipment cooperations, the process is complete, portably.

Description

Lithium battery positive and negative plate processing system

technical field

The utility model belongs to the field of waste battery treatment, in particular to a treatment system for positive and negative plates of a lithium battery.

Background technique

Abandoned lithium batteries contain a large amount of non-renewable metal resources with high economic value. The positive electrode material in lithium batteries is lithium cobalt oxide powder, and the negative electrode material is graphite powder. Both positive and negative electrodes contain a large amount of nickel, Metal materials such as copper and aluminum. If waste or unqualified lithium batteries can be effectively recycled, it will not only reduce the pressure on the environment from waste batteries, but also avoid the waste of metal resources such as cobalt and nickel. At present, the common treatment methods are: deep sea landfill, hydrometallurgical technology and chemical treatment methods such as sulfuric acid dissolution method, alkali boiling-acid dissolution method; deep sea landfill method seriously pollutes the environment, hydrometallurgical technology and chemical treatment methods all need Adding a variety of chemical substances still causes pollution to the environment, and the separation process is complicated, the process conditions are high, the cost is high, and the separation effect on cobalt and aluminum is not good.

Utility model content

The purpose of this utility model is to provide a lithium battery positive and negative electrode processing system for the technical problems existing in the prior art in the treatment of waste lithium battery positive and negative electrodes. The method is to recycle and separate the positive and negative electrode materials in lithium batteries. The whole system does not add any chemical components, does not use any chemical treatment process, and is completely environmentally friendly. A set of systems can realize the complete operation of separation and recycling of the positive and negative electrode materials of waste lithium batteries. Without the cooperation of other equipment, the process is complete and simple.

In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the utility model is: a lithium battery positive and negative plate processing system, the system includes a feeding platform, a conveyor, a pulverizer, an analysis machine, an induced draft fan, a collecting device, a pulse Purifier, grading screen and sorting machine; the output end of the feeding platform is connected to the conveyor, the output end of the conveyor is connected to the pulverizer, the output end of the pulverizer is connected to the analysis machine, and there are two output terminals of the analysis machine: the first output end Connect the collecting device through the induced draft fan, the second output end is connected to the classifying screen, the exhaust port of the collecting device is connected to the pulse purifier, and the outlet of the collecting device is connected to the material collecting device; the output ports of the classifying screen are three: The first output end is connected to the collecting device through the induced draft fan, and the second and third output ends are respectively connected to the metal processing device.

Based on the above technical solution, the collecting device is composed of two collecting devices: the first collecting device and the second collecting device, the air outlet of the first collecting device is connected to the air inlet of the second collecting device, and the second collecting device is connected to the air inlet of the second collecting device. The outlets of the first and second collectors are respectively connected to the material collecting device.

Based on the above technical solution, the metal processing device includes an airflow separator and an aluminum powder collection device, the second output end of the classifying screen is connected to the airflow separator, the airflow separator is divided into a metal output end and a non-metal output end, and the classifying screen The third output end and the metal output end of the airflow separator are respectively connected to the aluminum powder collection device, and the non-metal output end of the airflow separator is connected to the first collector through the induced draft fan. The material collection device is a lithium cobaltate powder collection device, The discharge ports of the first and second collectors are respectively connected with lithium cobalt oxide powder collection devices.

Based on the above technical scheme, the metal processing device includes a magnetic separator, a specific gravity separator, a copper powder collection device and a nickel collection device, the second output end of the grading screen is connected to the specific gravity separator, and the third output end of the grading sieve is connected to the magnetic separator. The magnetic separator has two material output ports: the first material output port is connected to the nickel collection device, and the second material output port is connected to the copper powder collection device. The specific gravity separator is divided into a metal output port and a non-metallic output port. The metal output end of the specific gravity separator is connected to the copper powder collection device, and the non-metal output end is connected to the first collector through the induced draft fan. The material collection device is a graphite powder collection device, and the first and second collectors are discharged The ports are respectively connected to the graphite powder collection device.

Beneficial effects: the utility model is a complete system, the upper and lower connections of each link are reasonable and compact, and the system is complete. A set of systems can realize the complete operation of recycling and separating the positive and negative electrodes of waste lithium batteries without the cooperation of other equipment. The lithium cobalt oxide powder in the sheet and the graphite powder in the negative electrode sheet can be completely separated from the waste with high separation purity. The separated metal materials: aluminum powder, copper powder and metal nickel can be recycled and reused. The whole system mainly relies on mechanical Beating, crushing and other materials are operated and processed without adding any chemical components in the middle. The operation process is completely environmentally friendly. The whole system has a high degree of automation, fast production efficiency, and labor-saving.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the utility model waste lithium battery positive plate processing system;

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the waste lithium battery negative plate treatment system of the utility model.

detailed description

The utility model will be further described below in combination with specific embodiments, so as to better understand the technical solution of the utility model.

Embodiment 1: Lithium battery positive and negative plate processing system. The system in this embodiment is mainly used for positive plate processing. The system includes a feeding platform, a conveyor, a pulverizer, an analysis machine, an induced draft fan, the first collector and the second 2. Collector, pulse purifier, grading screen and sorting machine; the output end of the feeding platform is connected to the conveyor, the output end of the conveyor is connected to the pulverizer, the output end of the pulverizer is connected to the analysis machine, and the output end of the analysis machine has two : The first output end is connected to the first collector through the induced draft fan, the second output is connected to the grading screen, the output end of the first collector is connected to the second collector, and the exhaust port of the second collector is connected to the pulse purifier. The discharge port of the collecting device is connected to the material collecting device; there are three output ports of the grading sieve: the first output port is connected to the collecting device through the induced draft fan, and the second and third output ports are connected to the metal processing device respectively. The metal processing device includes an airflow separator and an aluminum powder collection device, the second output end of the grading sieve is connected to the airflow separator, the third output end of the grading sieve and the metal output end of the airflow separator are respectively connected to the aluminum powder collection device, and the air flow The non-metal output end of the sorter is connected to the first collector through the induced draft fan. The material collection device is a lithium cobalt oxide powder collection device, and the discharge ports of the first and second collectors are respectively connected to the lithium cobalt oxide powder collection device.

The functions of each component in this system are as follows: 1. Crusher: crush the crushed materials; 2. Analyzer: separate the crushed materials by winnowing; 3. Induced fan: collect the graphite powder after winnowing; 4. Collector: collect and discharge the dust passing through the induced draft fan; 5. Pulse purifier (air purifier): purify the dust of the whole set of equipment; 6. Classifying sieve: screen the materials sorted by the analysis machine , to sort out the large metal materials; 7. Magnetic separator: to separate the nickel in the metal; 8. Airflow separator: to classify and sort the fine materials that have passed through the sorting screen, and completely separate the metal .

The positive electrode sheet treatment process in this embodiment consists of the following procedures: the positive electrode sheet material of the waste lithium battery is transported to the pulverizer through the conveyor for pulverization, and pulverized to 15-25 mesh; the material pulverized by the pulverizer is transported to the analysis machine, and the analysis machine The pulverized materials are separated by air separation, and the metal materials and lithium cobalt oxide powder are separated; the sorted lithium cobalt oxide powder is transported to the collection device by the induced draft fan for collection, and the waste gas in the collection device is purified by the pulse purifier output;

The metal material analyzed by the analyzer enters the grading sieve for screening, the grading sieve further separates the metal material, and separates the lithium cobaltate powder and the metal part, and the lithium cobaltate powder output from the grading sieve passes through the induced draft fan from the first output end. The aluminum powder screened out from the grading sieve is collected directly through the third output end, and other materials screened out enter the airflow separator through the second output end, and the airflow separator passes the fine materials through the grading sieve into the air separator. Carry out classification and sorting, sort out metal aluminum and lithium cobalt oxide powder, and the separated lithium cobalt oxide powder is collected by the induced draft fan into the collector. So far, the non-metallic part lithium cobalt oxide powder and the metal part aluminum The powder is completely separated.

Embodiment 2: Lithium battery positive and negative plate processing system The contents of this embodiment are basically the same as in Example 1, and the same parts will not be repeated. The difference from Example 1 is that the system in this embodiment is mainly used for negative plate processing. The specific differences are as follows: the metal processing device includes a magnetic separator, a specific gravity separator, a copper powder collection device and a nickel collection device, the second output end of the grading sieve is connected to the specific gravity separator, and the third output end of the grading sieve is connected to the magnetic separator , The magnetic separator has two material output ports: the first material output port is connected to the nickel collection device, the second material output port is connected to the copper powder collection device, and the metal output end of the specific gravity separator is connected to the copper powder collection device. The metal output end is connected to the first collector through an induced draft fan, the material collection device is a graphite powder collection device, and the outlets of the first and second collectors are respectively connected to a graphite powder collection device.

The negative electrode sheet treatment process in this embodiment is composed of the following procedures: the waste lithium battery negative electrode sheet material is transported to a pulverizer by a conveyor for pulverization, and pulverized to 15-25 mesh; the pulverized material is transported to an analyzer, and the analyzer will The pulverized materials are separated by winnowing, and the metal materials and graphite powder are sorted out; the sorted graphite powder is transported to the collection device by the induced draft fan for collection, and the waste gas in the collection device is purified by the pulse purifier and then output;

The metal material analyzed by the analyzer enters the grading sieve for screening, the grading sieve further separates the metal material, separates the graphite powder and the metal part, and the graphite powder output from the grading sieve enters the collector from the first output end through the induced draft fan , the copper powder screened from the grading sieve enters the magnetic separator through the third output end, and the magnetic separator separates the nickel in the copper powder, and other materials screened from the grading sieve enter the specific gravity separator through the second output end, The specific gravity separator performs specific gravity separation on other materials screened out by the grading sieve, and further separates copper powder and graphite powder, and the separated graphite powder is collected by the induced draft fan into the collector. So far, the graphite powder of the non-metal part and the copper powder and nickel of the metal part in the negative electrode sheet have been completely separated.

It should be noted that: the positive and negative electrode sheet processing system to be protected by the utility model, wherein the positive electrode sheet processing system and the negative electrode sheet processing system share a set of main systems, the two are only slightly different in the metal processing part, the utility model will each The processing parts are combined to form a complete system. A set of systems can realize the recycling and separation of the positive and negative electrode materials of waste lithium batteries. The separated graphite powder and lithium cobaltate mixed powder are collected separately, and the whole set of operations No other equipment is needed, no chemical treatment process is added, and it is completely completed by mechanical and physical operations. It is completely environmentally friendly, has high separation purity of each component, high energy utilization rate, high degree of automation of the whole system, and fast production efficiency. It is very worthy of promotion and implementation.

Claims (4)

1. A lithium battery positive and negative plate processing system is characterized in that: the system includes a feeding platform, a conveyor, a pulverizer, an analysis machine, an induced draft fan, a collection device, a pulse cleaner, and a grading screen and sorting machine; the output end of the feeding platform is connected to the conveyor, the output end of the conveyor is connected to the pulverizer, the output end of the pulverizer is connected to the analysis machine, and there are two output terminals of the analysis machine: the first output end is connected to the collecting device through the induced draft fan, and the second output end is connected to the collecting device. The second output end is connected to the grading screen, the exhaust port of the collection device is connected to the pulse purifier, and the discharge port of the collection device is connected to the material collection device; there are three output ends of the classification sieve: the first output end is connected to the collection device through the induced draft fan. material device, and the second and third output ends are respectively connected to the metal processing device. 2. The lithium battery positive and negative plate processing system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the collecting device is composed of two collecting devices: the first collecting device and the second collecting device, the second collecting device The air outlet of the first accumulator is connected to the air inlet of the second accumulator, and the outlets of the first and second accumulators are respectively connected to the material collecting device. 3. The lithium battery positive and negative plate processing system according to claim 2, characterized in that: the metal processing device includes an airflow separator and an aluminum powder collection device, the second output end of the grading screen is connected to the airflow separator, The airflow separator is divided into a metal output end and a non-metal output end. The third output end of the grading screen and the metal output end of the airflow separator are respectively connected to the aluminum powder collection device. The non-metal output end of the airflow separator is connected to the first A material collector, the material collecting device is a lithium cobalt oxide powder collecting device, and the outlets of the first and second material collecting devices are respectively connected to the lithium cobalt oxide powder collecting device. 4. The lithium battery positive and negative plate processing system according to claim 2, characterized in that: the metal processing device includes a magnetic separator, a specific gravity separator, a copper powder collection device and a nickel collection device, and the second grading sieve The output end is connected to the specific gravity separator, and the third output end of the grading screen is connected to the magnetic separator. The magnetic separator has two material output ports: the first material output port is connected to the nickel collection device, and the second material output port is connected to the copper powder collection device. The specific gravity separator is divided into a metal output end and a non-metal output end, the metal output end of the specific gravity separator is connected to the copper powder collection device, and the non-metal output end is connected to the first collector through the induced draft fan, and the material is collected The device is a graphite powder collection device, and the outlets of the first and second collectors are respectively connected to the graphite powder collection device.