CN111996067A - Closed-cycle oil roasting and extracting system and process - Google Patents
Closed-cycle oil roasting and extracting system and process Download PDFInfo
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 title claims description 15
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 115
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 112
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims description 160
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 claims description 88
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 claims description 88
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 88
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims description 58
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 49
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 29
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005485 electric heating Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000295 fuel oil Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 claims description 3
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- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 14
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000011143 downstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002910 solid waste Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012159 carrier gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005119 centrifugation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010924 continuous production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003795 desorption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005674 electromagnetic induction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005194 fractionation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010025 steaming Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000011345 viscous material Substances 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11B—PRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
- C11B1/00—Production of fats or fatty oils from raw materials
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11B—PRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
- C11B3/00—Refining fats or fatty oils
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- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention provides a closed-loop circulation roasting oil extraction system and a closed-loop circulation roasting oil extraction process. The method effectively solves the problems that the safety of an open system is low, an oil gas outlet pipeline is easy to block, roasting is insufficient, and the actual oil yield is small in the prior art. The invention carries out closed cycle by introducing nitrogen into the system, strictly controls the oxygen content in the system within 10 percent, avoids the explosion hazard, and simultaneously saves the nitrogen consumption and the energy consumption. The adoption of the downstream process avoids the blockage of an oil gas outlet pipeline, fully roasts the materials and has higher oil yield. Through the effective connection of all the devices and the efficient utilization of energy, the continuous and efficient production of the whole system is realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of oil extraction production, in particular to a closed cycle oil roasting extraction system and a closed cycle oil roasting extraction process.
Background
The existing industrial production mainly comprises oil extraction and heating. The extraction method is based on the principle of similar compatibility, materials react with an extracting agent to be dissolved, most of organic matters and oil can be extracted after stirring and centrifugation, and then fuel oil can be obtained after remixing. The heating oil extraction method is to heat the material to a certain temperature under the condition of no oxygen, so that the hydrocarbons and organic matters are cracked and condensed and recovered.
The process is characterized in that the boiling point is reduced by vacuumizing and the heating fractionation principle is matched, the temperature of a steamer electric heating device is increased to distill an oil-containing material, and the extracted oil is collected after high-temperature oil gas after steaming and stripping is condensed. The process has the defects of discontinuous production flow, low efficiency and large potential safety hazard.
The published patent also discloses a continuous processing system for extracting oil from oil-containing materials, which comprises a feeding system, an oil-containing solid waste oil removing system, a grading condensation recovery system, an oil-containing solid waste refining system, a finished oil processing system, a material processing system and a tail gas processing system. The system has the defects that no corresponding measures are taken for controlling the atmosphere in the kiln (particularly the oxygen content in the kiln), the danger of explosion is easy to occur under the condition of high-temperature roasting, and the system is an open system and has low process safety. And the trend of the oil-containing material is opposite to the flow direction of the oil gas after the oil gas is evaporated and removed, the high-temperature oil gas is in contact with the cold material for condensation, the oil gas outlet pipeline is easy to be blocked, the roasting is insufficient, and the actual oil yield is small.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to solve the problems of low safety of an open system, easy blockage of an oil gas outlet pipeline, insufficient roasting and small actual oil yield in the prior art, and provides a closed cycle roasting and oil extraction system, wherein nitrogen is introduced into the system for closed cycle, the oxygen content in the system is strictly controlled within 10 percent, the explosion hazard is avoided, and the nitrogen consumption and the energy consumption are saved; the trend of material, the oil gas after evaporating and taking off is unanimous in the system, and high temperature oil gas all prevents high temperature oil gas condensation by discharge end discharge roasting equipment with the material, avoids oil gas outlet pipe to block up, and is abundant to the material calcination, and the oil yield is higher.
The invention adopts the following specific technical scheme for solving the technical problems: a closed cycle roasting and oil extraction system comprising:
a feeding device is conveyed to the feeding device,
the conveying and feeding device comprises a raw material bin and a feeding spiral conveying mechanism, wherein the feeding spiral conveying mechanism is arranged at the bottom of the raw material bin and is used for conveying oil-containing materials to the rotary roasting device;
a rotary roasting device is arranged on the rotary roasting device,
the rotary roasting device comprises a hearth, a discharge cover and a rotatable barrel, wherein the feed end of the barrel is in dynamic and static sealing connection with the feed screw conveying mechanism, the hearth circumferentially surrounds the outer wall of the barrel and is used for heating the barrel, the discharge end of the barrel is provided with the discharge cover, and the discharge cover is provided with a first outlet and a second outlet;
a gas-dust separating device is arranged in the gas-dust separating device,
the gas-dust separation device is connected with the first outlet and is used for separating dust in the high-temperature oil gas evaporated by roasting;
a fractional condensation device is arranged on the upper portion of the tower body,
the grading condensation device comprises a primary condensation mechanism and a secondary condensation mechanism, the primary condensation mechanism is connected with an oil-gas outlet of the gas-dust separation device, and the secondary condensation mechanism is connected with the primary condensation mechanism;
a closed cycle and a non-condensable gas treatment device,
the feeding spiral conveying mechanism comprises an air inlet pipe, the air inlet pipe is connected with the barrel, an air inlet mechanism is arranged on the air inlet pipe, and a non-condensable gas outlet of the grading condensing device is respectively connected with the air inlet mechanism and the hearth through pipelines;
a material processing device,
and the material processing device is connected with the second outlet and is used for cooling, conveying and storing the roasted material.
Optionally, an arch breaking mechanism is arranged in the raw material bin, the arch breaking mechanism comprises a rod-shaped rake-shaped blade and a rotatable spindle, the blade is mounted on the spindle, and the rotating speed of the feeding screw conveying mechanism is controlled by a variable frequency motor.
Optionally, the rotating speed of the barrel can be adjusted, the barrel is sequentially provided with a feeding section, a roasting section and a discharging section from a feeding end to a discharging end, a plurality of groups of burners are arranged in the hearth and used for heating the roasting section, the feeding section is provided with a guide plate, the guide plate is a rectangular thin plate rotating around a central axis, one end of the guide plate is fixed at the feeding end of the barrel, the other end of the guide plate extends towards the discharging direction and is fixed on the inner wall of the barrel, the roasting section is provided with a plurality of lifting plates, one ends of the lifting plates are uniformly fixed on the inner wall of the barrel along the circumferential direction, and protrusions are formed in the barrel at.
Optionally, the outer walls of the discharge cover and the gas-dust separation device are both provided with heat tracing mechanisms, and heat sources of the heat tracing mechanisms comprise electric heating, electromagnetic heating or led-out high-temperature flue gas in the hearth.
Optionally, one-level condensation mechanism includes first condensation pipeline and first oil storage tank, first condensation pipeline with the gas-dust separator is connected, heavy oil after the first oil storage tank is used for storing one-level condensation, second condensation mechanism includes second condenser and second oil storage tank, the second condenser with first oil storage tank is connected, the second oil storage tank is used for storing the light oil after the second condensation.
Furthermore, a water-cooling jacket is arranged on the outer wall of the first condensation pipeline, and the second condenser comprises a shell and tube condenser.
Optionally, a vacuum pump is arranged in the fractional condensation device, and is used for controlling the gas pressure at the first outlet of the rotary roasting device and guiding high-temperature oil gas to enter the gas-dust separation device and the fractional condensation device.
Optionally, the air inlet mechanism includes a first air inlet and a second air inlet, the non-condensable gas outlet of the fractional condensation device is connected with the second air inlet and the furnace through a pipeline respectively, a first switching valve is arranged on the pipeline connecting the non-condensable gas outlet of the fractional condensation device and the second air inlet, and a second switching valve is arranged on the pipeline connecting the non-condensable gas outlet of the fractional condensation device and the furnace.
Optionally, the material processing apparatus includes cooling mechanism, conveying mechanism and storage storehouse, cooling mechanism with the second export is connected, store the storehouse with cooling mechanism passes through conveying mechanism is connected, cooling mechanism includes cooling rotary kiln, powder flow cooler or cold burden screw conveyer, conveying mechanism includes screw conveyer, pipe chain conveyor or bucket elevator.
Further, a bin top dust remover is arranged at the top of the storage bin.
The invention also provides a closed cycle roasting oil extraction process, which comprises the following steps:
1) material conveying: the oily material is lifted to the raw material bin by a traveling crane, and then the material is sent to the rotary roasting device by a feeding screw conveying mechanism;
2) and (3) high-temperature roasting: roasting the oil-containing material in the barrel at high temperature through the burner in the hearth, adjusting the rotating speed of the barrel simultaneously to ensure the retention time of the oil-containing material in the barrel, discharging evaporated high-temperature oil gas from the first outlet after roasting, and discharging the roasted material from the second outlet;
3) gas-dust separation: the high-temperature oil gas is discharged from the first outlet and then enters the gas-dust separation device to remove dust mixed in the oil gas;
4) fractional condensation: the dedusted high-temperature oil gas enters the fractional condensation device, first-stage condensation is carried out, condensed heavy oil is collected, then second-stage condensation is carried out, and condensed light oil is collected;
5) closed cycle: before the high-temperature roasting step, introducing nitrogen from the gas inlet mechanism, adjusting the introduction amount of the nitrogen to ensure that the oxygen content in the rotary roasting device is within 10 percent, mixing the roasted nitrogen with the non-condensable gas after the step of fractional condensation, and introducing the nitrogen into the rotary roasting device through the gas inlet mechanism for recycling;
6) material treatment: and the material discharged from the second outlet enters a material processing device, and is conveyed and stored after being quenched and cooled.
Optionally, the non-condensable gas condensed in the closed-loop circulation step is compressed and then circulated into the rotary roasting device, and the closed-loop circulation step further comprises periodically feeding the non-condensable gas into the hearth for incineration.
Optionally, in the high-temperature roasting step, the roasting time of the oil-containing material in the cylinder is 2-4 hours, natural gas is used as fuel in the hearth, the temperature of the burning flame reaches over 1000 ℃, the hearth is provided with a plurality of temperature zones, and the temperature of each temperature zone can be independently controlled.
Optionally, the fractional condensation device further comprises a vacuum pump, and the oil gas pressure at the first outlet is controlled to be 50-300Pa by adjusting the frequency of the vacuum pump.
Further, high-temperature oil gas enters the gas-dust separation device from the first outlet for dust removal under the action of the negative pressure of the fractional condensation device and/or the vacuum pump, and separated material dust is conveyed to the material processing device for cooling and then stored.
Optionally, the outer walls of the discharge cover and the gas-dust separation device are provided with heat tracing mechanisms, and the discharge cover and the gas-dust separation device are heated by adopting electric heating, electromagnetic heating or leading out high-temperature flue gas in the hearth.
Optionally, the temperature of the oil gas of the first-stage condensation in the fractional condensation step is reduced to 140-180 ℃, and the temperature of the oil gas of the second-stage condensation is reduced to 50-80 ℃.
Furthermore, the oil gas in the pipeline is indirectly cooled by cooling water outside the pipeline flowing in the direction opposite to the oil gas in the primary condensation, and the oil gas is cooled by using a shell and tube condenser in the secondary condensation.
Optionally, in the material processing step, the material discharged from the second outlet enters a cooling rotary kiln for quenching and cooling, the bottom of the cooling rotary kiln is soaked in a water tank, cooling water is directly sprayed on the top of the cooling rotary kiln for cooling in an indirect water cooling mode, and the rotating speed of the cooling rotary kiln is adjusted to adjust the cooling time of the material, so that the temperature of the cooled material is not more than 60 ℃.
Optionally, the materials after cooling in the material processing step are conveyed to a storage bin through a conveying mechanism, the negative pressure working condition of a dust raising point is guaranteed through a bin top dust remover arranged in the storage bin, dust raising is prevented, and the stored materials are unloaded to an automobile for outward transportation through a bulk loader.
As described above, the present invention has at least the following advantageous effects compared to the closest prior art:
1. by introducing nitrogen into the system, the oxygen content in the system is strictly controlled within 10 percent, the explosion hazard is prevented, the safety of the whole production process is improved, and the nitrogen consumption and the energy consumption are saved by adopting a nitrogen closed cycle mode;
2. the moving direction of the materials in the system is consistent with the flow direction of the oil gas after the evaporation, so that the problems that the pipeline is easy to block and the oil yield is low due to rapid condensation caused by direct contact of high-temperature oil gas and cold materials which just enter the system are avoided, the materials are fully roasted, and the oil yield is high are solved;
3. through adjusting equipment rotational speed, the adaptability is stronger, can guarantee long-time continuous production, and production efficiency is high.
Drawings
FIG. 1 shows a schematic process flow diagram of the present invention
FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing the structure of the feeding device and the rotary roasting device of the present invention
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of the arch breaking mechanism of the present invention
FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing the structure of a material guide plate according to the present invention
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the material raising plate of the present invention
FIG. 6 is a schematic view showing the structure of the resistance wire in the case of electric heating and the high-frequency coil in the case of electromagnetic heating of the heat tracing mechanism of the present invention
Description of the element reference numerals
1 conveying and feeding device
2 rotary roasting device
3 gas dust separating device
4 fractional condensation device
5 closed circulation and non-condensable gas treatment device
6 Material processing device
11 raw material bin
12 feeding screw conveying mechanism
13 air inlet pipe
21 barrel
22 hearth
23 discharge cover
24 burner
31 resistance wire
32 high-frequency coil
41 first condensation line
42 first oil storage tank
43 Water-cooled jacket
44 second condenser
45 second oil storage tank
46 vacuum pump
51 first air inlet
52 second air intake
53 first switching valve
54 second switching valve
61 Cooling rotary kiln
62 bucket elevator
63 storage bin
111 arch breaking mechanism
112 blade
113 Main shaft
211 material guide plate
212 lifting plate
231 first outlet
232 second outlet
631 dust remover on top of storehouse
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention is provided for illustrative purposes, and other advantages and effects of the present invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the present disclosure.
The structures, ratios, sizes, and the like of the present specification are only used for matching with the contents disclosed in the specification, so as to be understood and read by those skilled in the art, and are not used to limit the conditions that the present invention can be implemented, so that the present invention has no technical significance, and any structural modifications, changes in the ratio relationship, or adjustments of the sizes, without affecting the efficacy and the achievable purpose of the present invention, should still fall within the range that the technical contents disclosed in the present invention can cover. In addition, the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "middle" and "one" used in the present specification are for clarity of description, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and the relative relationship between the terms and the terms is not to be construed as a scope of the present invention.
The following examples are for illustrative purposes only. The various embodiments may be combined, and are not limited to what is presented in the following single embodiment.
In the present embodiment, the first and second electrodes are,
referring to fig. 1 and 2, the present invention provides a closed-loop circulation oil roasting and extraction system, which comprises a feeding device 1, a rotary roasting device 2, a gas-dust separation device 3, a fractional condensation device 4, a closed-loop circulation and non-condensable gas treatment device 5, and a material treatment device 6.
The conveying and feeding device 1 comprises a raw material bin 11 and a feeding screw conveying mechanism 12, when production is carried out, oil-containing materials contained in tons are lifted to the raw material bin 11 through a travelling crane, and then the oil-containing materials are conveyed into the rotary roasting device 2 through the feeding screw conveying mechanism 12 at the bottom of the raw material bin 11. The rotary roasting device 2 comprises a hearth 22, a discharge cover 23 and a rotatable barrel 21, the feeding screw conveying mechanism 12 comprises an air inlet pipe 13, the air inlet pipe 13 is a part of a shell of the feeding screw conveying mechanism 12, and the air inlet pipe 13 is in dynamic and static sealing connection with the barrel 21, so that reliable sealing between the barrel 21 and the air inlet pipe 13 during rotation can be ensured. The air inlet pipe 13 is provided with an air inlet mechanism, the air inlet mechanism includes a first air inlet 51 and a second air inlet 52, and nitrogen enters the cylinder 21 through the first air inlet 51. The outer wall of barrel 21 is surrounded in furnace 22 circumference, set up multiunit natural gas nozzle 24 in the furnace 22 for to barrel 21 heats, this embodiment adopts 6 natural gas nozzles 24 altogether, divide into three pairs to the barrel 21 heats, the flame temperature when natural gas burns reaches more than 1000 ℃, its radiation and the high temperature flue gas that the burning produced heat barrel 21.
The hearth 24 is provided with a plurality of temperature zones, and each temperature zone can be independently controlled, so that the roasting temperature of each zone can be flexibly adjusted. Meanwhile, the material roasting time can be flexibly adjusted by adjusting the rotating speed of the cylinder body 21. By adopting the method, different operations are executed aiming at materials with different oil contents and different oil contents, and the adaptability to the materials is strong. The roasting time in the cylinder 21 is 2-4 hours for different materials. The roasting time of the material in the embodiment is 2 hours, the cylinder 21 rotates according to a set frequency, the oil-containing material moves from the feeding end to the discharging end in the cylinder 21, meanwhile, high-temperature oil gas evaporated during high-temperature roasting flows to the discharging end of the cylinder 21, the discharging end of the cylinder 21 is provided with a discharging cover 23, the discharging cover 23 is provided with a first outlet 231 and a second outlet 232, the high-temperature oil gas is discharged from the first outlet 231, and the roasted material is discharged from the second outlet 232.
By adopting the downstream process, the direction of material movement is consistent with the flow direction of oil gas after evaporation, the oil gas moves from the feeding end to the discharging end, the oil gas is contacted with the roasted high-temperature material without condensation, the direct contact between the evaporated oil gas and the normal-temperature raw material which just enters the cylinder 21 in the countercurrent process and the rapid condensation to cause the blockage of an oil gas outlet can be effectively avoided, and the problems of small oil yield of the system and high oil content of the roasted material can be solved.
In the preheating and roasting processes of the system, the content of oxygen in the rotary roasting device 2 is controlled within 10% by adjusting the amount of nitrogen entering the system from the first air inlet 51, in the embodiment, the content of oxygen in the rotary roasting device 2 is 10%, the oil-gas explosion limit range can be avoided, and the safety of system production is ensured.
The high-temperature oil gas discharged from the first outlet 231 enters the gas-dust separation device 3 for dust removal, the oil gas after dust removal enters the first condensation pipeline 41 for primary condensation recovery, a water cooling jacket 42 is arranged on the outer wall of the first condensation pipeline 41, the high-temperature oil gas flows through the inner pipeline, the cooling water flows through the outer water cooling jacket 42, the flow directions of the high-temperature oil gas and the cooling water are opposite, the temperature of the oil gas can be reduced to 140 and 180 ℃ through countercurrent heat exchange, the temperature of the oil gas after primary condensation in the embodiment is 140 ℃, and the condensed heavy oil enters the first oil storage tank 42. And then the oil gas enters a second condenser 44 for further condensation and temperature reduction, the second condenser 44 is a shell-and-tube condenser, the high-temperature oil gas is led away from a tube pass, cooling water is led away from a shell pass, the temperature of the oil gas can be cooled to 50-80 ℃, the temperature of the oil gas after secondary condensation in the embodiment is 50 ℃, and the condensed light oil enters a second oil storage tank 45. The oil storage tank is internally provided with a liquid level meter, and oil is conveyed to the oil tank truck for outward transportation through an oil pump. The design adopts a multi-stage condensation mode to carry out oil gas condensation, and the cooling efficiency is higher.
The nitrogen entering the rotary roasting device 2 can reduce the distillation partial pressure of oil gas, thereby reducing the roasting temperature, being beneficial to the evaporation and the desorption of heavy oil gas and saving the energy consumption. Meanwhile, nitrogen is used as carrier gas, and the evaporated oil gas can be rapidly sent into the fractional condensation device 4, so that the oil extraction efficiency of the system is improved.
The nitrogen carries oil gas to get into fractional condensation device 4, fractional condensation device 4's noncondensable gas export through the pipeline respectively with second air inlet 52 with furnace 22 is connected, fractional condensation device 4's noncondensable gas export with be equipped with first diverter valve 53 on the pipeline that second air inlet 52 is connected, fractional condensation device 4's noncondensable gas export with be equipped with second diverter valve 54 on the pipeline that furnace 22 is connected. The first switching valve 53 is opened, the second switching valve 54 is closed, nitrogen in the oil gas becomes non-condensable gas after condensation, and the non-condensable gas is compressed by the vacuum pump 46 in the fractional condensation device 4 and then enters the rotary roasting device 2 again through the second air inlet 52 for recycling. The nitrogen closed circulation mode can save the consumption of nitrogen in the production process. Meanwhile, the condensed noncondensable gas contains a large amount of nitrogen and light oil components subjected to pyrolysis, and for the consideration of environmental protection and safety, after the noncondensable gas circulates for one week, the first switching valve 53 is closed, the second switching valve 54 is opened, and the noncondensable gas is sent into the hearth 22 to be incinerated, so that the environmental pollution is avoided.
The gas-dust separating device 3 separates the collected materials and the high-temperature materials discharged from the second outlet 232 and enters the cooling mechanism 61, and the cooling mechanism 61 may adopt a cooling rotary kiln, a powder flow cooler or a cold material screw machine. In the embodiment, the cooling rotary kiln 61 is adopted to carry out rapid cooling and temperature reduction on the materials, the bottom of the cooling rotary kiln 61 is soaked in the water tank, cooling water is directly sprayed from the top, and the materials are cooled in an indirect water cooling mode. The cooling rotary kiln 61 is externally provided with fins, so that the heat exchange area can be increased, and the cooling effect is enhanced. During production, the cooling time of the material can be adjusted by adjusting the rotating speed of the cooling rotary kiln 61, so that the temperature of the cooled material is below 60 ℃, and the temperature of the cooled material in this embodiment is 60 ℃. The mode of quenching the materials in the closed environment can improve the production efficiency.
The roasted material has small granularity and density and is easy to raise dust. The cooled material is delivered to the storage bin 63 through a conveying mechanism for sealed storage, the conveying mechanism can adopt a screw conveyor, a pipe chain conveyor or a bucket elevator, and the bucket elevator 62 is adopted in the embodiment for conveying. The top of the storage bin 63 is provided with a bin top dust remover 631, so that the negative pressure working condition of a dust raising point is ensured, and dust raising is prevented. The materials in the storage bin 63 can be transported out by bulk or ton bag packaging of automobiles.
The embodiment can also adjust the rotating speeds of the feeding screw conveying mechanism 12, the rotary roasting device 2 and the cooling rotary kiln 61 and the output power of the natural gas burner 24, and continuous and efficient production of the whole system is realized through effective connection of all devices and efficient utilization of energy.
In the present embodiment, the first and second electrodes are,
referring to fig. 1, 2 and 6, an arch breaking mechanism 111 is disposed in the raw material bin 11, the arch breaking mechanism 111 includes a blade 112 having a rod-like rake shape and a rotatable spindle 113, and the blade 112 is mounted on the spindle 113. The rotating speed of the feeding spiral conveying mechanism 12 is controlled by a variable frequency motor. The design can effectively avoid the bridging phenomenon of the viscous materials in the raw material bin 11, and can adjust the feeding amount to ensure the continuity of production.
The roasting time of the material in the cylinder 21 is 4 hours, the oil gas temperature after the first-stage condensation is 180 ℃, and the oil gas temperature after the second-stage condensation is 80 ℃.
The outer walls of the discharge cover 23 and the gas-dust separation device 3 are both provided with heat tracing mechanisms, and heat sources of the heat tracing mechanisms comprise electric heating, electromagnetic heating or led-out high-temperature flue gas in the hearth 24. This embodiment will through the draught fan high temperature flue gas is drawn forth in the furnace 24, introduce to indirect heating in the heat tracing mechanism ejection of compact cover 23 with the inner wall of gas dust separator 3 prevents that the oil gas condensation from attaching to on the inner wall. In addition, the heat energy of the tail gas can be effectively utilized by adopting the smoke heat tracing, and the aim of saving energy can be fulfilled at the same time.
In the present embodiment, the first and second electrodes are,
referring to fig. 1 and fig. 6, a vacuum pump 46 is disposed in the fractional condensation device 4, and by adjusting the frequency of the vacuum pump 46, the outlet pressure of the oil gas at the first outlet 231 can be controlled to be 50-300Pa, and the high-temperature oil gas is guided to enter the gas-dust separation device 3 and the fractional condensation device 4. In this embodiment, the outlet pressure of the oil gas at the first outlet 231 is adjusted to 50Pa, so as to indirectly control the working condition in the rotary roasting device 2 to be micro-positive pressure, thereby preventing air from leaking into the rotary roasting device 2, and effectively avoiding the risk of explosion.
Meanwhile, the high-temperature oil gas enters the gas-dust separation device 3 from the first outlet 231 for dust removal under the action of the negative pressure of the fractional condensation device 4 and/or the vacuum pump 46.
In this embodiment, the heat source of the heat tracing mechanism is electrical heating, a resistance wire 31 is coiled on the outer wall of the heat tracing mechanism, the outer wall of the heat tracing mechanism is heated by electrifying the resistance wire 31, and the inner wall of the discharge cover 23 and the inner wall of the gas-dust separating device 3 are heated from outside and inside, so as to prevent oil gas from being condensed and attached to the inner wall.
In the present embodiment, the first and second electrodes are,
referring to fig. 1 and 2, the barrel 21 is divided into a feeding section, a roasting section and a discharging section. The feeding section is provided with a material guide plate 211, the material guide plate 211 is a rectangular thin plate rotating around a central axis, one end of the material guide plate 211 is fixed at the feeding end of the cylinder 21, the other end of the material guide plate extends towards the discharging direction and is fixed on the inner wall of the cylinder 21, the material guide plate 211 can rapidly convey materials to the roasting section for heating along with the rotation of the cylinder 21, and meanwhile, a self-cleaning mechanism is arranged to prevent the materials from being bonded on the cylinder wall. The roasting section is provided with a plurality of lifting plates 212, one ends of the lifting plates 212 are uniformly fixed on the inner wall of the cylinder 21 along the circumferential direction, and the other ends of the lifting plates 212 form protrusions into the cylinder 21. When the cylinder 21 rotates, the material is taken up from the bottom accumulation position of the cylinder 21 by the lifting plate 212 and then is poured, so that the phenomena of easy adhesion and wall hanging of the material can be avoided, meanwhile, the heat exchange area of the material is effectively enlarged, and the forced oil gas is evaporated and removed.
The roasting time of the material in the cylinder 21 is 3 hours, the oil gas temperature after the first-stage condensation is 160 ℃, and the oil gas temperature after the second-stage condensation is 60 ℃. The outlet pressure of the oil gas at the first outlet 231 is adjusted to 300Pa by adjusting the frequency of the vacuum pump 46, so that the working condition in the rotary roasting device 2 is indirectly controlled to be micro-positive pressure, the air is prevented from leaking into the rotary roasting device 2, and the explosion risk can be effectively avoided.
In this example
Referring to fig. 1, 2 and 6, in the embodiment, the heat source of the heat tracing mechanism is electromagnetic heating, a high-frequency coil 32 for electromagnetic heating is wound around the outer wall of the apparatus, after the apparatus is powered on, alternating current generates a magnetic field, and the discharge cover 23 and the gas-dust separating device 3 generate heat by generating eddy current by electromagnetic induction in the magnetic field.
The outlet pressure of the oil gas at the first outlet 231 is adjusted to be 100Pa by adjusting the frequency of the vacuum pump 46, so that the working condition in the rotary roasting device 2 is indirectly controlled to be micro-positive pressure, the air is prevented from leaking into the rotary roasting device 2, and the explosion hazard can be effectively avoided.
In conclusion, the invention effectively reduces the risk of explosion and improves the production safety; by adopting a forward flow process, the blockage of pipelines is avoided, the materials are fully roasted, and the oil yield is high; the conveying and feeding device can effectively avoid the raw materials from blocking the bridge; through the effective connection of all the devices and the efficient utilization of energy, the continuous and efficient production of the whole system is realized. Therefore, the present invention effectively overcomes various disadvantages of the prior art and has high industrial utilization value.
The foregoing embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles and utilities of the present invention and are not intended to limit the invention. Any person skilled in the art can modify or change the above-mentioned embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Accordingly, it is intended that all equivalent modifications or changes which can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and technical spirit of the present invention be covered by the claims of the present invention.
Claims (20)
1. A closed cycle roasting oil extraction system is characterized by comprising:
a feeding device is conveyed to the feeding device,
the conveying and feeding device comprises a raw material bin and a feeding spiral conveying mechanism, wherein the feeding spiral conveying mechanism is arranged at the bottom of the raw material bin and is used for conveying oil-containing materials to the rotary roasting device;
a rotary roasting device is arranged on the rotary roasting device,
the rotary roasting device comprises a hearth, a discharge cover and a rotatable barrel, wherein the feed end of the barrel is in dynamic and static sealing connection with the feed screw conveying mechanism, the hearth circumferentially surrounds the outer wall of the barrel and is used for heating the barrel, the discharge end of the barrel is provided with the discharge cover, and the discharge cover is provided with a first outlet and a second outlet;
a gas-dust separating device is arranged in the gas-dust separating device,
the gas-dust separation device is connected with the first outlet and is used for separating dust in the high-temperature oil gas evaporated by roasting;
a fractional condensation device is arranged on the upper portion of the tower body,
the grading condensation device comprises a primary condensation mechanism and a secondary condensation mechanism, the primary condensation mechanism is connected with an oil-gas outlet of the gas-dust separation device, and the secondary condensation mechanism is connected with the primary condensation mechanism;
a closed cycle and a non-condensable gas treatment device,
the feeding spiral conveying mechanism comprises an air inlet pipe, the air inlet pipe is connected with the barrel, an air inlet mechanism is arranged on the air inlet pipe, and a non-condensable gas outlet of the grading condensing device is respectively connected with the air inlet mechanism and the hearth through pipelines;
a material processing device,
and the material processing device is connected with the second outlet and is used for cooling, conveying and storing the roasted material.
2. The closed cycle roasting oil extraction system as claimed in claim 1, wherein an arch breaking mechanism is arranged in the raw material bin, the arch breaking mechanism comprises a rod-shaped harrow-shaped blade and a rotatable main shaft, the blade is mounted on the main shaft, and the rotation speed of the feeding screw conveying mechanism is controlled by a variable frequency motor.
3. The closed cycle roasting oil extraction system of claim 1, wherein the rotation speed of the barrel is adjustable, the barrel comprises a feeding section, a roasting section and a discharging section in sequence from a feeding end to a discharging end, a plurality of sets of burners are arranged in the hearth for heating the roasting section, the feeding section is provided with a material guide plate, the material guide plate is a rectangular thin plate rotating around a central axis, one end of the material guide plate is fixed at the feeding end of the barrel, the other end of the material guide plate extends towards the discharging direction and is fixed on the inner wall of the barrel, the roasting section is provided with a plurality of material raising plates, one ends of the material raising plates are uniformly fixed on the inner wall of the barrel along the circumferential direction, and the other ends of the material raising plates form protrusions.
4. The closed cycle roasting oil extraction system of claim 1, wherein the outer walls of the discharging hood and the gas-dust separation device are provided with heat tracing mechanisms, and heat sources of the heat tracing mechanisms comprise electric heating, electromagnetic heating or led-out high-temperature flue gas in the hearth.
5. The closed cycle roasting oil extraction system of claim 1, wherein the primary condensing mechanism comprises a first condensing pipeline and a first oil storage tank, the first condensing pipeline is connected with the gas-dust separation device, the first oil storage tank is used for storing heavy oil after primary condensation, the secondary condensing mechanism comprises a second condenser and a second oil storage tank, the second condenser is connected with the first oil storage tank, and the second oil storage tank is used for storing light oil after secondary condensation.
6. The closed cycle roasting and oil extraction system of claim 5 wherein the first condensing line has a water cooling jacket on its outer wall and the second condenser comprises a shell and tube condenser.
7. The closed cycle roasting oil extraction system of claim 1, wherein a vacuum pump is provided in the fractional condensation device for controlling the gas pressure at the first outlet of the rotary roasting device and guiding the high temperature oil gas into the gas-dust separation device and the fractional condensation device.
8. The closed cycle roasting oil extraction system of claim 1, wherein the air inlet mechanism comprises a first air inlet and a second air inlet, the non-condensable gas outlet of the fractional condensation device is respectively connected with the second air inlet and the furnace chamber through a pipeline, a first switching valve is arranged on the pipeline connecting the non-condensable gas outlet of the fractional condensation device and the second air inlet, and a second switching valve is arranged on the pipeline connecting the non-condensable gas outlet of the fractional condensation device and the furnace chamber.
9. The closed cycle roasting and oil extraction system of claim 1, wherein the material processing device comprises a cooling mechanism, a conveying mechanism and a storage bin, the cooling mechanism is connected with the second outlet, the storage bin is connected with the cooling mechanism through the conveying mechanism, the cooling mechanism comprises a cooling rotary kiln, a powder flow cooler or a cold material screw conveyor, and the conveying mechanism comprises a screw conveyor, a pipe chain conveyor or a bucket elevator.
10. The closed loop roasting and oil extraction system of claim 9 wherein the top of the storage silo is provided with a silo top dust collector.
11. A closed cycle roasting oil extraction process using the closed cycle roasting oil extraction system of any one of claims 1-10, comprising the steps of:
1) material conveying: the oily material is lifted to the raw material bin by a traveling crane, and then the material is sent to the rotary roasting device by a feeding screw conveying mechanism;
2) and (3) high-temperature roasting: roasting the oil-containing material in the barrel at high temperature through the burner in the hearth, adjusting the rotating speed of the barrel simultaneously to ensure the retention time of the oil-containing material in the barrel, discharging evaporated high-temperature oil gas from the first outlet after roasting, and discharging the roasted material from the second outlet;
3) gas-dust separation: the high-temperature oil gas is discharged from the first outlet and then enters the gas-dust separation device to remove dust mixed in the oil gas;
4) fractional condensation: the dedusted high-temperature oil gas enters the fractional condensation device, first-stage condensation is carried out, condensed heavy oil is collected, then second-stage condensation is carried out, and condensed light oil is collected;
5) closed cycle: before the high-temperature roasting step, introducing nitrogen from the gas inlet mechanism, adjusting the introduction amount of the nitrogen to ensure that the oxygen content in the rotary roasting device is within 10 percent, mixing the roasted nitrogen with the non-condensable gas after the step of fractional condensation, and introducing the nitrogen into the rotary roasting device through the gas inlet mechanism for recycling;
6) material treatment: and the material discharged from the second outlet enters a material processing device, and is conveyed and stored after being quenched and cooled.
12. The process of roasting and extracting oil as claimed in claim 11, wherein the non-condensable gases condensed in the closed-loop circulation step are compressed and then recycled to the rotary roasting device, and the closed-loop circulation step further comprises periodically feeding the non-condensable gases into the furnace for incineration.
13. The oil roasting and extracting process of claim 11, wherein the roasting time of the oil-containing material in the cylinder in the high-temperature roasting step is 2-4 hours, natural gas is used as fuel in the hearth, the temperature of combustion flame reaches over 1000 ℃, the hearth is provided with a plurality of temperature zones, and the temperature of each temperature zone can be independently controlled.
14. The oil roasting extraction process of claim 11, further comprising a vacuum pump in the fractional condensation device, wherein the oil gas pressure at the first outlet is controlled to be 50-300Pa by adjusting the frequency of the vacuum pump.
15. The oil roasting and extracting process according to claim 14, wherein high-temperature oil gas enters the gas-dust separating device from the first outlet for dust removal under the action of the negative pressure of the fractional condensing device and/or the vacuum pump, and separated material dust is conveyed to the material processing device for cooling and then stored.
16. The oil roasting and extracting process according to claim 11, wherein a heat tracing mechanism is arranged on the outer walls of the discharging cover and the gas-dust separating device, and the discharging cover and the gas-dust separating device are heated by adopting electric heating, electromagnetic heating or high-temperature flue gas led out from the hearth.
17. The oil roasting extraction process as claimed in claim 11, wherein the temperature of the oil gas in the first stage of condensation in the fractional condensation step is reduced to 140-180 ℃, and the temperature of the oil gas in the second stage of condensation is reduced to 50-80 ℃.
18. The oil roasting and extracting process of claim 17, wherein the oil gas in the pipeline is indirectly cooled by cooling water outside the pipeline flowing in a direction countercurrent to the oil gas in the primary condensation, and the oil gas is cooled by using a shell and tube condenser in the secondary condensation.
19. The oil roasting extraction process according to claim 11, wherein the material discharged from the second outlet in the material treatment step enters a cooling rotary kiln for quenching and cooling, the bottom of the cooling rotary kiln is soaked in a water tank, cooling water is directly sprayed on the top of the cooling rotary kiln for cooling in an indirect water cooling mode, and the cooling time of the material is adjusted by adjusting the rotating speed of the cooling rotary kiln, so that the temperature of the cooled material is not more than 60 ℃.
20. The oil roasting and extracting process according to claim 11, wherein the cooled material in the material processing step is conveyed to a storage bin through a conveying mechanism, a bin top dust remover arranged in the storage bin is used for ensuring the negative pressure working condition of a dust raising point and preventing dust raising, and the stored material is discharged to an automobile for transportation through a bulk loader.
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