CN111810959A - Organic solid waste treatment energy conversion device - Google Patents
Organic solid waste treatment energy conversion device Download PDFInfo
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- CN111810959A CN111810959A CN202010633566.3A CN202010633566A CN111810959A CN 111810959 A CN111810959 A CN 111810959A CN 202010633566 A CN202010633566 A CN 202010633566A CN 111810959 A CN111810959 A CN 111810959A
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/02—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment
- F23G5/027—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment pyrolising or gasifying stage
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K11/00—Plants characterised by the engines being structurally combined with boilers or condensers
- F01K11/02—Plants characterised by the engines being structurally combined with boilers or condensers the engines being turbines
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
- F22B33/00—Steam-generation plants, e.g. comprising steam boilers of different types in mutual association
- F22B33/18—Combinations of steam boilers with other apparatus
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/44—Details; Accessories
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/44—Details; Accessories
- F23G5/46—Recuperation of heat
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G2206/00—Waste heat recuperation
- F23G2206/20—Waste heat recuperation using the heat in association with another installation
- F23G2206/203—Waste heat recuperation using the heat in association with another installation with a power/heat generating installation
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
- Y02E20/12—Heat utilisation in combustion or incineration of waste
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to an organic solid waste treatment energy conversion device, which comprises a thermal decomposition chamber, a first-stage tail gas outlet, a first-stage heat source, a second-stage heat source and a third-stage heat source, wherein the upper end of the thermal decomposition chamber is provided with a feed inlet and the first-stage tail gas outlet; the combustion chamber is provided with a primary tail gas inlet and a secondary tail gas outlet, and an inner cavity of the combustion chamber is provided with a secondary heat source; the first steam generator is provided with a second-stage tail gas inlet, a third-stage tail gas outlet, a first water inlet and a first steam outlet, and a first heat exchanger is arranged in an inner cavity of the first steam generator; and the steam energy conversion device is connected with the first steam outlet through a pipeline. According to the invention, the low-temperature heating treatment is carried out in the thermal decomposition chamber, so that the generation of dioxin is avoided, the high-temperature combustion is carried out in the combustion chamber, so that the tail gas is thoroughly burnt, then the heat exchange is carried out on the tail gas to obtain a large amount of steam energy, and the steam energy is converted into other energy through the steam energy conversion device for utilization, so that the energy-saving and environment-friendly effects are realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an energy conversion device for organic solid waste treatment.
Background
Domestic common domestic garbage treatment schemes mainly comprise: pyrolysis and gasification treatment, harmless incineration, landfill, composting and the like. With the development of science and technology and the innovation of technology, the requirement of environmental protection is higher and higher. The landfill technology also has great problems, such as the generation of more greenhouse gases to intensify the greenhouse effect and the lower recycling rate of garbage resources. In view of the above, the location of landfills is being changed internationally, i.e. as the ultimate direction for waste disposal. That is, after the garbage is treated by incineration, composting and other environment-friendly and effective modes, the part which can not be treated is left to be finally treated by a strictly-executed landfill means to be finally treated with non-treatable substances.
The European Union has already carried out clear text regulation on garbage disposal by law and forbids the landfill of organic garbage; while the U.S. prohibits the landfill of raw garbage which is not incinerated or subjected to compost recovery treatment through government intervention and administrative intervention of environmental protection departments. The landfill of the garbage is forbidden internationally, and the main development direction is mainly the mode of generating electricity by incineration. The existing incineration power generation device is large in size and high in cost, so that the existing incineration landfill is based on a large amount of garbage transfer, garbage in the whole city is concentrated, and then the garbage is treated in an efficient incineration mode to generate power.
The existing dispersed solid waste incineration treatment device has the defects of high content of dioxin harmful substances discharged by tail gas, high proportion of solid residues after incineration and low energy utilization rate. The device equipment that generates electricity burns at present is bulky, with high costs, and adopts and all to be one-level high temperature incineration disposal, and one-level high temperature incineration has following problem: firstly, the high-temperature combustion mode can generate more dioxin toxic pollutants and oxygen generated by insufficient combustion, and is harmful to the environment and surrounding people; secondly, the organic matters are not fully decomposed, the mass of the solid after being incinerated by the garbage incinerating device in the current market is about 10 percent of that before being incinerated, and the residual solid needs to be treated by a large amount of manpower and material resources; thirdly, the energy utilization rate is low. At present, incineration landfill is based on a large amount of garbage transportation, garbage in the whole city is concentrated, and then the garbage is treated in an efficient incineration mode to generate electricity. And the rubbish in cities and towns and rural areas is difficult to be concentrated and treated in this way, because the rubbish in rural areas and cities and towns is relatively dispersed in distribution, and a large amount of transportation will bring secondary pollution which is difficult to avoid and seriously harms, based on the social situation, a rubbish treatment device which can meet the requirements of rural cities and towns on low cost, relatively low treatment capacity, small volume and floor area, thorough incineration, no or accord with the requirements of environmental protection planning on the emission of dioxin toxic pollutants, the lightening quantity of which is more than 90 percent and high energy conversion rate is urgently needed to appear.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide an organic solid waste treatment energy conversion device.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: an organic solid waste treatment energy conversion device comprises,
the upper end of the thermal decomposition chamber is provided with a feed inlet and a primary tail gas outlet, the inner cavity of the thermal decomposition chamber is provided with a primary heat source, the side wall of the thermal decomposition chamber is provided with a first air inlet, and the primary heat source provides heat to enable the temperature of the thermal decomposition chamber to be 150-;
the combustion chamber is provided with a primary tail gas inlet and a secondary tail gas outlet, and the inner cavity of the combustion chamber is provided with a secondary heat source which provides heat to ensure that the temperature of the combustion chamber is 860-1000 ℃;
the first steam generator is provided with a second-stage tail gas inlet, a third-stage tail gas outlet, a first water inlet and a first steam outlet, a first heat exchanger is arranged in an inner cavity of the first steam generator, and tail gas entering from the second-stage tail gas inlet and liquid water entering from the first water inlet are subjected to heat exchange in the first heat exchanger and then respectively leave the first steam generator through the third-stage tail gas outlet and the first steam outlet;
the steam energy conversion device is connected with the first steam outlet through a pipeline;
the first-stage tail gas outlet is connected with the first-stage tail gas inlet through a pipeline;
the second-stage tail gas outlet is connected with the second-stage tail gas inlet through a pipeline;
the first steam outlet is connected with the steam energy conversion device through a steam pipeline.
The first air inlet is connected with an air inlet pipeline, and a magnetizer is arranged on the air inlet pipeline.
The first air inlets are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the thermal decomposition chamber, the air inlet pipelines are connected with the front end part of the magnetizer through an air inlet ring pipe, and the air inlet ring pipe is provided with a second air inlet.
Be equipped with outer door and interior door on the feed inlet, outer door and interior door are opened and shut through two drive arrangement control respectively, outer door and interior door set up from top to bottom and have certain interval between and make and form the storage cavity between the two.
The thermal decomposition chamber inner chamber is close to one-level tail gas outlet and is equipped with second steam generator, be connected with second water inlet and second steam outlet on the second steam generator, second steam outlet is connected to on the first steam generator or with the steam conduit of first steam outlet connection.
The steam energy conversion device is provided with a water tank, and the water tank recovers condensed water after steam condensation; the water tank is connected with a water supply and outlet pipeline, the water supply and outlet pipeline is provided with a water pump and branch pipes respectively connected with the second water inlet and the first water inlet.
The steam energy conversion device is a steam generator.
And a second heat exchanger is arranged on the pipeline between the first-stage tail gas outlet and the first-stage tail gas inlet, and the second heat exchanger is arranged at one end close to the first-stage tail gas outlet.
The invention has the following beneficial effects: according to the invention, the low-temperature heating treatment is carried out in the thermal decomposition chamber, so that the generation of dioxin is avoided, the high-temperature combustion is carried out in the combustion chamber, so that the tail gas is thoroughly burnt, then the heat exchange is carried out on the tail gas to obtain a large amount of steam energy, and the steam energy is converted into other energy through the steam energy conversion device for utilization, so that the energy-saving and environment-friendly effects are realized. The organic matters are fully decomposed at a lower temperature, the residual solid is about 1 percent of that before thermal decomposition, and the cost for treating the solid residues is saved. In addition, because the organic matters are decomposed into a large amount of combustible gas at low temperature, then the combustible gas is fully combusted, and steam is formed through heat exchange, the energy conversion is more sufficient.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is within the scope of the present invention for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on the drawings without inventive exercise.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the present invention;
in the figure, 1, a pyrolysis chamber; 101, a feed inlet; 102, a primary tail gas outlet; 103, a primary heat source; 104, a first air inlet; 105, an outer door; 106, an inner door; 2, a combustion chamber; 201, a first-stage tail gas inlet; 202, a secondary tail gas outlet; 203, secondary heat source; 3, a first steam generator; 301, secondary tail gas inlet; 302, a tertiary tail gas outlet; 303, a first water inlet; 304, a first steam outlet; 305, a first heat exchanger; 4, a magnetizer; 5, an air inlet pipeline; 6, a second steam generator; 601, a second water inlet; 602, a second steam outlet; 7, a second heat exchanger; 8, a steam energy conversion device; 9, a water tank; 10, a water pump.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
It should be noted that all expressions using "first" and "second" in the embodiments of the present invention are used for distinguishing two entities with the same name but different names or different parameters, and it should be noted that "first" and "second" are merely for convenience of description and should not be construed as limitations of the embodiments of the present invention, and they are not described in any more detail in the following embodiments.
The terms of direction and position of the present invention, such as "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "inside", "outside", "top", "bottom", "side", etc., refer to the direction and position of the attached drawings. Accordingly, the use of directional and positional terms is intended to illustrate and understand the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, an organic solid waste treatment energy conversion device comprises,
the upper end of the thermal decomposition chamber 1 is provided with a feeding hole 101 and a primary tail gas outlet 102, the inner cavity of the thermal decomposition chamber is provided with a primary heat source 103, the side wall of the thermal decomposition chamber is provided with a first air inlet 104, and the primary heat source 103 provides heat to enable the temperature of the thermal decomposition chamber 1 to be 150-;
the combustion chamber 2 is provided with a primary tail gas inlet 201 and a secondary tail gas outlet 202, a secondary heat source 203 is arranged in an inner cavity of the combustion chamber, and the secondary heat source 203 provides heat to enable the temperature of the combustion chamber 2 to be 860-1000 ℃;
the first steam generator 3 is provided with a second-stage tail gas inlet 301, a third-stage tail gas outlet 302, a first water inlet 303 and a first steam outlet 304, a first heat exchanger 305 is arranged in an inner cavity of the first steam generator 3, tail gas entering from the second-stage tail gas inlet 301 and liquid water entering from the first water inlet 303 are subjected to heat exchange in the first heat exchanger 305 and then respectively leave the first steam generator 3 through the third-stage tail gas outlet 302 and the first steam outlet 304;
the steam energy conversion device 8 is connected with the first steam outlet 304 through a pipeline;
the primary tail gas outlet 102 is connected with the primary tail gas inlet 201 through a pipeline;
the secondary tail gas outlet 202 is connected with the secondary tail gas inlet 301 through a pipeline;
the first steam outlet 304 is connected to the steam energy conversion device 8 through a steam pipe.
Garbage containing a large amount of organic matters enters the thermal decomposition chamber 1 through the feeding hole 101, and is decomposed at low temperature to generate a large amount of combustible gas, and simultaneously generation of dioxin is avoided; tail gas generated in the thermal decomposition chamber 1 sequentially passes through the primary tail gas outlet 102, the pipeline and the primary tail gas inlet 201 to enter the combustion chamber 2, and then is incinerated at high temperature, so that the tail gas is thoroughly incinerated, and oxide is prevented from being discharged; high-temperature tail gas generated in the combustion chamber 2 sequentially passes through the secondary tail gas outlet 202, the pipeline and the secondary tail gas inlet 301 to enter the first steam generator 3, is subjected to water heat exchange to form a large amount of water vapor, and is converted into other energy through the steam energy conversion device to be applied. In the figure, the solid arrows indicate the exhaust gas flow path, and the hollow arrows indicate the water flow path.
In this embodiment, the primary heat source 103 is an electric heating heat source, and the ash of the garbage containing a large amount of organic matters after thermal decomposition is stored in the thermal decomposition chamber 1 and periodically cleaned, and may be cleaned from the feeding port 101 after the temperature is reduced, or a discharging port may be provided on the side wall or the lower end of the thermal decomposition chamber 1 for cleaning the ash.
In this embodiment, the secondary heat source 203 is a burner. The secondary tail gas outlet 202 is connected with the secondary tail gas inlet 301 through a short pipeline, so that energy loss is reduced, and particularly, the combustion chamber 2 and the first steam generator 3 are fixed on a base and are arranged adjacently; and a fan is arranged at the position of the tertiary tail gas outlet 302 and used for enabling tail gas to be smoothly discharged.
The first air inlet 104 is connected with an air inlet pipeline 5, and a magnetizer 4 is arranged on the air inlet pipeline 5. Air enters the thermal decomposition chamber 1 through the magnetizer 4, and the activation energy of oxygen in the air is greatly improved after the air is magnetized, so that the air quantity used for burning garbage can be reduced. Combustion exhaust gas generated by the combustion can be reduced. In addition, the magnetized air can magnetize the treated organic matter indirectly, reduce the intermolecular cohesion in the organic matter and raise the pyrolysis efficiency. The magnetizer 3 is provided with a permanent magnet therein, thereby playing a role of magnetizing air.
The number of the first air inlets 104 is a plurality, and the first air inlets are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the pyrolysis chamber 1, the air inlet pipes 5 are connected at the front end part of the magnetizer 4 through an air inlet ring pipe, and a second air inlet is arranged on the air inlet ring pipe. Through the setting, the air inlet amount is effectively controlled. In the present embodiment, there are 8 first air inlets 104, and there are 8 magnetizers 4.
The feeding hole 101 is provided with an outer door 105 and an inner door 106, the outer door 105 and the inner door 106 are controlled to be opened and closed through two driving devices respectively, and the outer door 105 and the inner door 106 are arranged up and down and have a certain interval therebetween to form a material storage cavity therebetween. When feeding, the inner door 106 is closed, the outer door 105 is opened, the garbage is poured in, then the outer door 105 is closed, and the inner door 106 is opened, so that the garbage enters the thermal decomposition chamber 1. In this embodiment, the outer door 105 and the inner door 106 are both electrically controlled switches, and other conventional devices for controlling the opening and closing of the doors, such as hydraulic control, or a manual switch structure, preferably an automatic control structure, may also be used. The double-layer door structure prevents the exhaust gas generated in the pyrolysis chamber 1 from escaping from the feed port 101 in a large amount.
A second steam generator 6 is arranged in the inner cavity of the pyrolysis chamber 1 near the primary tail gas outlet 102, a second water inlet 601 and a second steam outlet 602 are connected to the second steam generator 6, and the second steam outlet 602 is connected to the first steam generator 3 or a steam pipeline connected to the first steam outlet 304. The second steam generator 6 is arranged for further recovery of heat energy.
A water tank 9 is arranged on the steam energy conversion device 8, and condensed water obtained after steam condensation is recovered by the water tank 9; the water tank 9 is connected with a water supply and outlet pipeline, the water supply and outlet pipeline is provided with a water pump 10 and branch pipes respectively connected with the second water inlet 601 and the first water inlet 303.
The steam energy conversion device 8 is a steam generator. The steam generator directly converts steam energy into electric energy, and then the electric energy is recycled, so that most places generating a large amount of organic waste, such as hotels, village groups, residential quarters and the like, can be directly applied. Alternatively, the steam energy conversion device 8 may be a device for converting steam energy into mechanical energy, and may be used in the production field.
And a second heat exchanger 7 is arranged on a pipeline between the first-stage tail gas outlet 102 and the first-stage tail gas inlet 201, and one end of the second heat exchanger 7 close to the first-stage tail gas outlet 102 is arranged.
The embodiment also comprises a PLC control cabinet, and the PLC control cabinet realizes automatic control of the feeding, the flow rate of tail gas, the flow rate of water, the temperature of the thermal decomposition chamber 1, the problems of the combustion chamber 2 and the temperature control in each pipeline. Specifically, accessories such as a temperature sensor, a liquid level sensor and the like can be added according to needs.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that all or part of the steps in the method for implementing the above embodiments may be implemented by relevant hardware instructed by a program, and the program may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, such as ROM/RAM, magnetic disk, optical disk, etc.
The above disclosure is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and it is therefore to be understood that the invention is not limited by the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (8)
1. The utility model provides an organic solid useless processing energy conversion device which characterized in that: comprises the steps of (a) preparing a mixture of a plurality of raw materials,
the upper end of the thermal decomposition chamber (1) is provided with a feeding hole (101) and a primary tail gas outlet (102), the inner cavity of the thermal decomposition chamber is provided with a primary heat source (103), the side wall of the thermal decomposition chamber is provided with a first air inlet (104), and the primary heat source (103) provides heat to enable the temperature of the thermal decomposition chamber (1) to be 150-;
the combustion chamber (2) is provided with a primary tail gas inlet (201) and a secondary tail gas outlet (202), a secondary heat source (203) is arranged in an inner cavity of the combustion chamber, and the secondary heat source (203) provides heat to enable the temperature of the combustion chamber (2) to be 860-1000 ℃;
the first steam generator (3) is provided with a secondary tail gas inlet (301), a tertiary tail gas outlet (302), a first water inlet (303) and a first steam outlet (304), a first heat exchanger (305) is arranged in an inner cavity of the first steam generator, tail gas entering from the secondary tail gas inlet (301) and liquid water entering from the first water inlet (303) are subjected to heat exchange in the first heat exchanger (305) and then respectively leave the first steam generator (3) through the tertiary tail gas outlet (302) and the first steam outlet (304);
the steam energy conversion device (8) is connected with the first steam outlet (304) through a pipeline;
the primary tail gas outlet (102) is connected with the primary tail gas inlet (201) through a pipeline;
the secondary tail gas outlet (202) is connected with the secondary tail gas inlet (301) through a pipeline;
the first steam outlet (304) is connected with the steam energy conversion device (8) through a steam pipeline.
2. The organic solid waste treatment energy conversion device of claim 1, wherein: the first air inlet (104) is connected with an air inlet pipeline (5), and a magnetizer (4) is arranged on the air inlet pipeline (5).
3. The organic solid waste treatment energy conversion device of claim 2, wherein: the number of the first air inlets (104) is a plurality, the first air inlets are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the thermal decomposition chamber (1), the air inlet pipelines (5) are connected with the front end part of the magnetizer (4) through an air inlet ring pipe, and the air inlet ring pipe is provided with a second air inlet.
4. The organic solid waste treatment energy conversion device of claim 1, wherein: be equipped with outer door (105) and interior door (106) on feed inlet (101), outer door (105) and interior door (106) are opened and shut through two drive arrangement control respectively, outer door (105) and interior door (106) set up from top to bottom and have certain interval between and make and form the storage cavity between the two.
5. The organic solid waste treatment energy conversion device of claim 1, wherein: a second steam generator (6) is arranged in the inner cavity of the thermal decomposition chamber (1) close to the primary tail gas outlet (102), a second water inlet (601) and a second steam outlet (602) are connected to the second steam generator (6), and the second steam outlet (602) is connected to the first steam generator (3) or a steam pipeline connected with the first steam outlet (304).
6. The organic solid waste treatment energy conversion device of claim 5, wherein: a water tank (9) is arranged on the steam energy conversion device (8), and condensed water obtained after steam condensation is recovered by the water tank (9); the water tank (9) is connected with a water supply and outlet pipeline, the water supply and outlet pipeline is provided with a water pump (10) and branch pipes respectively connected with the second water inlet (601) and the first water inlet (303).
7. The organic solid waste treatment energy conversion device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein: the steam energy conversion device (8) is a steam generator.
8. The organic solid waste treatment energy conversion device of claim 1, wherein: and a second heat exchanger (7) is arranged on a pipeline between the first-stage tail gas outlet (102) and the first-stage tail gas inlet (201), and one end of the second heat exchanger (7) close to the first-stage tail gas outlet (102) is arranged.
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| CN115681994A (en) * | 2022-10-25 | 2023-02-03 | 宁波世茂能源股份有限公司 | A waste incinerator flue gas recirculation system |
| CN119016484A (en) * | 2024-10-10 | 2024-11-26 | 农业农村部环境保护科研监测所 | A low-temperature magnetic cracking treatment method for organic solid waste |
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Application publication date: 20201023 |