CN111727684A - A tailings pond restoration method based on mining area ecological restoration technology - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a tailings pond restoration method based on the ecological restoration technology of mining areas, belonging to the technical field of ecological restoration of mining areas. Pores greatly improve soil air permeability, easily accept rainfall and irrigation water, and can not only store nutrients, but also release nutrients quickly or for a long time, which is conducive to the growth of vegetation, and at the same time, porous is also conducive to the rooting and growth of plant roots. In order to resist the erosion of wind and sand, the device first cultivates plants in the culture shell in the early stage, so that it can take root and stabilize and improve the survival rate. In the later stage, with the degradation of the culture shell, the plant roots gradually penetrate into the repair layer below and integrate with it. , Over time, the ecological environment of the tailings pond can be changed, and the drip irrigation ball has climbing sticks and climbing strips for roots to take root, which further improves the survival rate of plants.

Description

A tailings pond restoration method based on mining area ecological restoration technology

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of ecological restoration in mining areas, and more particularly, to a method for restoring tailings ponds based on the ecological restoration technology in mining areas.

Background technique

The main task of ecological restoration of mines is to restore the damaged and damaged mines through scientific and systematic ecological restoration projects and long-term ecological tending measures for the main environmental problems affected by development under the current technical and economic level. The environmental function is gradually restored, so that the ecological environment itself can develop sustainably and benignly, and gradually form a self-sustaining reproductive and ecological balance system. The main ecological restoration objects of the mine include: open-pit mining sites, mining-affected areas of underground mining, dumps, beneficiation tailings ponds, heap leaching sites, pipeline landfills, roads, and various industrial sites.

The technical difficulties of vegetation restoration in tailings ponds are that the tailings have coarse particle size, no soil aggregate structure, extremely low cohesion, poor water holding capacity, low nutrient components, and even the existence of different levels of toxic and harmful components. The microorganisms on which the vegetation species depend. Nearly zero, severe wind erosion, large temperature difference between day and night, the current technology for tailings pond restoration is mainly realized by soilless cultivation of plants, but the cost of soilless cultivation is high, maintenance is inconvenient, and it is not suitable for large-scale promotion and use However, if the soil is directly cultivated, the amount of engineering is large, and a large amount of equipment and manpower is required to cover the soil alone.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

1. Technical problems to be solved

In view of the problems existing in the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a tailings pond restoration method based on the ecological restoration technology of the mining area, which utilizes the porous structure of the agglomerate particles to cultivate vegetation, and the pores between the agglomerates are large, and there are It is good for air circulation, and the pores greatly improve the permeability of the soil. It is easy to receive rainfall and irrigation water, and it can not only store nutrients, but also release nutrients quickly or for a long time, which is conducive to the growth of vegetation, and the pores are also conducive to plants. The root system grows by rooting, so as to resist the erosion of wind and sand. In the early stage of this device, the plant is cultivated in the culture shell to stabilize its roots and improve the survival rate. In the later stage, with the degradation of the culture shell, the plant root system gradually penetrates into the repairing layer below. It is integrated with it, which can change the ecological environment of the tailings pond over time. At the same time, the covering net can collect rainwater and guide the water into the drip irrigation ball. The drip irrigation ball drips the roots of plants to realize the recycling of resources. There are cling rods and cling strips for the root system to take root, which further improves the survival rate of plants.

2. Technical solutions

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions.

A tailings pond restoration method based on mining area ecological restoration technology, comprising the following steps:

S1, firstly smooth the repair layer to be repaired to remove sharp stones on the surface;

S2, spread the covering net on the finished repair layer, and apply a certain downward pressure slightly, so that the culture shell is inserted into the repair layer;

S3, filling the pellets in the culture shell, and spraying with nutrient solution and water;

S4, finally plant the plants in the culture shell.

Further, the covering net is composed of a plurality of water pipes, and the water pipes are interwoven into a net-like structure, and the net-like structure can improve the ability of the plant to resist wind and sand.

Further, each grid of the covering net is fixedly connected with a culture shell, the culture shell is filled with pellets, and plants are planted in the culture shell, and the inner wall of the culture shell is fixedly connected with a plurality of drip irrigations. ball, and a communication pipe is communicated between the two adjacent drip irrigation balls up and down, two water-absorbing cottons are placed in the water pipe of the covering net close to the culture shell, and the two water-absorbing cottons are respectively located on both sides of the culture shell, and the The upper end of the absorbent cotton is connected with a water diversion strip, and the diversion strip runs through the side wall of the culture shell and extends to the top drip irrigation ball. It uses the porous structure of the granules to cultivate vegetation. The pores between the granules are large, which is conducive to the air. The circulation and pores greatly improve the soil permeability, it is easy to receive rainfall and irrigation water, and it can not only store nutrients, but also release nutrients quickly or for a long time, which is conducive to the growth of vegetation, and the pores are also conducive to the growth of plant roots. Rooted and grown in order to resist the erosion of wind and sand. In the early stage of this device, plants were cultivated in the culture shell to stabilize their roots and improve the survival rate. In the later stage, with the degradation of the culture shell, the plant roots gradually penetrated into the lower repair layer and melted with it. As a whole, the ecological environment of the tailings pond can be changed over time. At the same time, the covering net can collect rainwater and guide the water into the drip irrigation ball. The drip irrigation ball drips the roots of the plants and realizes the recycling of resources. Climbing sticks and strips for rooting to further improve plant survival.

Further, the upper end sidewall of the covering net is provided with a plurality of rainwater collection ports, and the rainwater collection ports are randomly distributed, and the rainwater can flow into the interior of the covering net through the rainwater collection ports, which can be used as water for plant irrigation.

Further, the culture shell includes a cylinder and a cone, the cone is made of degradable materials, and the cone can be degraded, so that the plant has stronger resistance after stable growth after a period of culture, so that it can be degraded. Better to improve the environment of the repair layer.

Further, each of the agglomerate particles is composed of a plurality of large particles, and the plurality of large particles are fixedly connected to each other, and the agglomerate particles are manufactured according to the agglomerate structure of the soil, and are used to replace the soil to cultivate plants.

Further, each of the large particles is inlaid with a plurality of small particles, each of the small particles is inlaid with a plurality of honeycomb balls, and each of the honeycomb inner walls of the honeycomb balls is fixedly connected with uniformly distributed capillaries. , honeycomb balls and capillaries are used to increase the pores of the aggregate particles, and the capillaries can retain the pollutants and have the effect of purification.

Further, the drip irrigation ball is a hollow structure, the side wall of the drip irrigation ball is inlaid with a plurality of cling rods, and the side wall of the cling rod outside the drip irrigation ball is fixedly connected with a plurality of cling bars, and the cling rods and the cling bars are fixedly connected. Both are made of super absorbent resin material, and the sticks and strips can help plants take root and grow, and the sticks and strips have strong water absorption capacity, which can provide sufficient moisture to the root system.

Further, a plurality of ground nails are also fixedly connected to the lower end side wall of the covering net, and the ground nails are inserted into the repair layer, and the ground nails play the role of fixing the covering net to prevent the covering net from being lifted by strong winds.

3. Beneficial effects

Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are:

(1) This scheme utilizes the porous structure of the granules to cultivate vegetation. The pores between the granules are large, which is conducive to air circulation. The pores greatly improve the soil air permeability, which is easy to receive rainfall and irrigation water, and can not only store Nutrients, and can release nutrients quickly or for a long time, which is conducive to the growth of vegetation, and at the same time, the multi-porosity is also conducive to the rooting and growth of plant roots, so as to resist the erosion of wind and sand. Stable rooting and improved survival rate. In the later stage, with the degradation of the culture shell, the root system of the plant gradually penetrates into the repair layer below and integrates with it. Over time, the ecological environment of the tailings pond can be changed, and the covering net can collect rainwater. And the water is led into the drip irrigation ball, which drip irrigation to the root system of the plant to realize the recycling of resources, and the drip irrigation ball has the climbing stick and the climbing strip for the root system to take root, which further improves the survival rate of the plant.

(2) The covering net is composed of a plurality of water pipes, and the water pipes are interwoven into a net-like structure, and the net-like structure can improve the ability of plants to resist wind and sand.

(3) A culture shell is fixedly connected to each grid of the covering net, the culture shell is filled with aggregate particles, and plants are planted in the culture shell, and a plurality of drip irrigation balls are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the culture shell, and the top and bottom are adjacent to each other. There is a communication pipe connected between the two drip irrigation balls, and two water-absorbing cottons are placed in the water pipes of the covering net close to the culture shell, and the two water-absorbing cottons are respectively located on both sides of the culture shell, and the upper ends of the water-absorbing cottons are connected with water diversion strips, and The water diversion strip runs through the side wall of the culture shell and extends to the top drip irrigation ball. It uses the porous structure of the granules to cultivate vegetation. The pores between the granules are large, which is conducive to air circulation, and the pores greatly improve the soil ventilation. It is easy to accept rainfall and irrigation water, and can not only store nutrients, but also release nutrients quickly or for a long time, which is conducive to the growth of vegetation. In the early stage of this device, plants are cultivated in the culture shell to stabilize their roots and improve the survival rate. In the later stage, with the degradation of the culture shell, the plant roots gradually penetrate into the repair layer below and integrate with it, which can be changed over time. The ecological environment of the tailings pond, at the same time, the covering net can collect rainwater and guide the water into the drip irrigation ball. The drip irrigation ball drips the root system of the plant to realize the recycling of resources, and the drip irrigation ball is provided with climbing sticks and climbing strips for rooting. , to further improve the survival rate of plants.

(4) The upper end sidewall of the covering net is provided with a plurality of rainwater collection ports, and the rainwater collection ports are randomly distributed, and the rainwater can flow into the interior of the covering net through the rainwater collection ports, which can be used as water for plant irrigation.

(5) The culture shell includes a cylinder and a cone. The cone is made of degradable materials, and the cone can be degraded, so that the plant will have stronger resistance after a period of cultivating and growing steadily, so that it can be better improved. Fix the layer's environment.

(6) Each agglomerate particle is composed of a plurality of large particles, and the plurality of large particles are fixedly connected to each other. The agglomerate particles are manufactured by imitating the agglomerate structure of the soil, and are used to replace the soil to cultivate plants.

(7) Each large particle is inlaid with a plurality of small particles, each small particle is inlaid with a plurality of honeycomb balls, and each honeycomb inner wall of the honeycomb ball is fixedly connected with uniformly distributed capillaries, and the honeycomb balls and The capillary tube is to increase the pores of the agglomerate particles, and the capillary tube can retain the pollutants and has the effect of purification.

(8) The drip irrigation ball is a hollow structure, the side wall of the drip irrigation ball is inlaid with a plurality of cling rods, and the side wall of the cling rod outside the drip irrigation ball is fixedly connected with a plurality of cling strips, and the cling rod and the cling strip are made of high water absorbent resin Materials, sticks and strips help plants take root and grow, and sticks and strips are highly absorbent and provide adequate moisture to the root system.

(9) A plurality of ground nails are also fixedly connected to the lower end side wall of the covering net, and the ground nails are inserted into the repair layer, and the ground nails play the role of fixing the covering net to prevent the covering net from being lifted by the strong wind.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the method flow chart of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the front view structure schematic diagram of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is the top view structure schematic diagram of the present invention;

Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the aggregate particle structure of the present invention;

5 is a schematic diagram of a small particle structure of the present invention;

Fig. 6 is the honeycomb ball sectional structure schematic diagram of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the front view structure of the culture shell of the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the drip irrigation ball of the present invention.

Description of the reference numbers in the figure:

1 cover net, 2 culture shell, 201 cylinder, 202 cone, 3 aggregate particles, 301 large particles, 302 small particles, 3021 honeycomb balls, 3022 capillaries, 4 rainwater collection ports, 5 drip irrigation balls, 501 cling sticks, 502 Climbing strips, 6 connecting pipes, 7 absorbent cotton, 8 water diversion strips, 9 ground nails.

Detailed ways

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. The embodiments of the present invention, and all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative work, fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the orientations or positional relationships indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "inner", "outer", "top/bottom", etc. are based on the orientations shown in the accompanying drawings Or the positional relationship is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed to indicate or imply relative importance.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation", "provided with", "sleeve/connection", "connection", etc., should be understood in a broad sense, such as " Connection", which can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, and it can be an internal connection between two components. of connectivity. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific situations.

Example 1:

Please refer to Figure 1-8, a tailings pond restoration method based on mining area ecological restoration technology, including the following steps:

S1, firstly smooth the repair layer to be repaired to remove sharp stones on the surface;

S2, spread the covering net 1 on the finished repair layer, and apply a certain downward pressure slightly, so that the culture shell 2 is inserted into the repair layer;

S3, fill the agglomerate particles 3 in the culture shell 2, and spray the nutrient solution and water;

S4, the plants are finally planted in the culture shell 2.

The covering net 1 is composed of a plurality of water pipes, and the water pipes are interwoven into a net-like structure. The net-like structure can improve the ability of plants to resist wind and sand. Randomly distributed, rainwater can flow to the interior of the covering net 1 through the rainwater collection port 4, and can be used as water for plant irrigation. The lower end side wall of the covering net 1 is also fixedly connected with a plurality of ground nails 9, and the ground nails 9 are inserted into the repair layer. In the middle, the ground nails 9 play the role of fixing the covering net 1 to prevent the covering net 1 from being lifted by the strong wind, and each grid of the covering net 1 is fixedly connected with a culture shell 2, please refer to FIG. 7, the culture shell 2 includes a cylinder The body 201 and the cone 202, the cone 202 is made of degradable materials, and the cone 202 can be degraded, so that the plant has stronger resistance after a period of cultivation and stable growth, so as to better improve the environment of the repair layer , the culture shell 2 is filled with aggregate particles 3, please refer to FIG. 4, each aggregate particle 3 is composed of a plurality of large particles 301, and the plurality of large particles 301 are fixedly connected to each other, and each large particle 301 is inlaid with multiple 5-6, each small particle 302 is inlaid with a plurality of honeycomb balls 3021, and each honeycomb inner wall of the honeycomb ball 3021 is fixedly connected with uniformly distributed capillaries 3022, the honeycomb balls 3021 And the capillary 3022 is to increase the pores of the aggregate particles 3, and the capillary 3022 can retain the pollutants and has the effect of purification. planted with plants;

The inner wall of the culture shell 2 is fixedly connected with a plurality of drip irrigation balls 5. Please refer to FIG. 8. The drip irrigation ball 5 is a hollow structure. A plurality of cling bars 502 are fixedly connected to the side wall. Both the cling bars 501 and the cling bars 502 are made of high water absorbent resin materials. Strong, can provide sufficient moisture to the root system, and a communication pipe 6 is communicated between the two adjacent drip irrigation balls 5 up and down, and two water-absorbing cottons 7 are placed in the water pipe of the covering net 1 close to the culture shell 2, and the two water-absorbing The cotton 7 is located on both sides of the culture shell 2 respectively, and the upper end of the water-absorbing cotton 7 is connected with a water diversion strip 8, and the water diversion strip 8 penetrates the side wall of the culture shell 2 and extends into the drip irrigation ball 5 at the uppermost end.

It uses the porous structure of the granules to cultivate vegetation. The pores between the granules are large, which is conducive to air circulation. The pores greatly improve the soil permeability, easy to accept rainfall and irrigation water, and can not only store nutrients, but also can Fast or long-term release of nutrients, which is conducive to the growth of vegetation, and at the same time, the multi-porosity is also conducive to the rooting and growth of plant roots, so as to resist the erosion of wind and sand. Survival rate, with the degradation of the culture shell in the later stage, the plant roots gradually penetrate into the repair layer below and integrate with it, which can change the ecological environment of the tailings pond over time, and the covering net can collect rainwater and lead the water to In the drip irrigation ball, the drip irrigation ball drips the root system of the plant to realize the recycling of resources, and the drip irrigation ball has the climbing stick and the climbing strip for the root system to take root, which further improves the survival rate of the plant.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to this. The equivalent replacement or change of the improved concept thereof shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. A tailing pond restoration method based on a mining area ecological restoration technology comprises the following steps:

s1, flattening the repairing layer to be repaired to remove sharp stones on the surface layer;

s2, paving the covering net (1) on the prepared repairing layer, and slightly applying a certain downward pressure to enable the culture shell (2) to be inserted into the repairing layer;

s3, filling the granular particles (3) in the culture shell (2), and spraying nutrient solution and water;

s4, finally planting the plants in the culture shells (2).

2. The tailings pond restoration method based on the mining area ecological restoration technology according to claim 1, characterized in that: the covering net (1) is composed of a plurality of water pipes, and the water pipes are interwoven into a net-shaped structure.

3. The tailings pond restoration method based on the mining area ecological restoration technology according to claim 1, characterized in that: all fixedly connected with cultivates shell (2) in every net of cover net (1), it has granule (3) to cultivate to fill in shell (2), and cultivates and plant in shell (2), cultivate a plurality of driping irrigation ball (5) of inner wall fixedly connected with of shell (2), and the intercommunication has communicating pipe (6) between two driping irrigation ball (5) adjacent from top to bottom, cover net (1) and place two cotton (7) that absorb water near the water pipe of cultivateing shell (2), and two cotton (7) that absorb water are located the both sides of cultivateing shell (2) respectively, the upper end of cotton (7) that absorb water is connected with diversion strip (8), and diversion strip (8) run through the lateral wall of cultivateing shell (2) and extend to in topmost driping irrigation ball (5).

4. The tailings pond restoration method based on the mining area ecological restoration technology according to claim 1, characterized in that: a plurality of rainwater collecting openings (4) are formed in the side wall of the upper end of the covering net (1), and the rainwater collecting openings (4) are distributed randomly.

5. The tailings pond restoration method based on the mining area ecological restoration technology according to claim 3, characterized in that: the culture shell (2) comprises a cylinder body (201) and a cone body (202), and the cone body (202) is made of degradable materials.

6. The tailings pond restoration method based on the mining area ecological restoration technology according to claim 3, characterized in that: each of the aggregate particles (3) is composed of a plurality of large particles (301), and the plurality of large particles (301) are fixedly connected to each other.

7. The tailings pond restoration method based on the mining area ecological restoration technology according to claim 6, characterized in that: each large particle (301) is inlaid with a plurality of small particles (302), each small particle (302) is inlaid with a plurality of honeycomb balls (3021), and the inner wall of each honeycomb ball (3021) is fixedly connected with uniformly distributed capillaries (3022).

8. The tailings pond restoration method based on the mining area ecological restoration technology according to claim 3, characterized in that: the drip irrigation ball (5) is of a hollow structure, a plurality of climbing rods (501) are inlaid in the side wall of the drip irrigation ball (5), a plurality of climbing strips (502) are fixedly connected to the side wall of each climbing rod (501) located outside the drip irrigation ball (5), and the climbing rods (501) and the climbing strips (502) are made of high-water-absorption resin materials.

9. The tailings pond restoration method based on the mining area ecological restoration technology according to claim 1, characterized in that: the lower end side wall of the covering net (1) is fixedly connected with a plurality of ground nails (9), and the ground nails (9) are inserted into the repairing layer.

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