CN111606917B - 一种具c环骈合内酯环新颖骨架的松香烷类化合物及其制备方法与应用 - Google Patents
一种具c环骈合内酯环新颖骨架的松香烷类化合物及其制备方法与应用 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种具C环骈合内酯环新颖骨架的松香烷类化合物,以松香烷二萜醌类化合物为原料,在金属催化剂的作用下,通过与酸酐缩合得到具有C环骈合内酯环新颖骨架的松香烷类化合物。本发明构建的一类新的松香烷类化合物,有效改进了化合物的非平面性,不仅在结构上具有新颖性,而且相应的生物活性也得到显著提升,提示该类化合物具有更大的成药潜力。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及药物化学领域,特别涉及一种具C环骈合内酯环新颖骨架的松香烷类化合物及其制备方法与应用。
背景技术
松香烷二萜类化合物的研究最早是在19世纪初,由Ellingson从松香(colophony)中发现首个松香烷二萜化合物松香酸(Ellingson,E.O.Abietic acid andsome of its salts.Journal of the American Chemical Society.1914,36,325-335.),研究表明,其具有抗菌、抗胃酸分泌等多种药理作用(San Feliciano,A.;Gordaliza, M.;Salinero,M.A.et al.Abietane acids:sources,biological activities,andtherapeutic uses.Planta Medica.1993,59,485-90.)。之后引起了人们的广泛关注。自然界中,松香烷二萜主要存在于唇形科、松科、菊科、大戟科、豆科、卫矛科等高等植物中,尤以唇形科植物中分布较为广泛,其基本骨架为氢化菲结构。在唇形科植物中,又以鼠尾草属及香茶菜属中分布最广。
此后,国内外学者相继发现同类化合物还具有抗肿瘤、抗炎、抗病毒等作用。该类化合物中,研究较深入的是鼠尾草属植物中的二萜类化合物,主要结构类型为松香烷型二萜醌类化合物,其中许多具有较显著的生理活性。药理学实验证实,该类化合物具有抗肿瘤(Zhang,Y.;Jiang,P.X.;Ye,M.et al. Tanshinones:sources,pharmacokinetics andanti-cancer activities.International Journal of Molecular Sciences.2012,13,13621-13666.)、消炎、扩冠、消除自由基、抗血小板凝聚等多种作用(Jiang,Z.Q.;Gao,W.;Huang,L.Q. Tanshinones,critical pharmacological components in Salviamiltiorrhiza. Frontiers in Pharmacology.2019,10,1-14.)。为了更好地发挥其药效作用,提高成药性,国内外许多学者开展了结构改造工作,其中有些化合物经过简单的结构修饰,已在临床上广泛应用。如丹参酮IIA磺酸钠,为丹参酮IIA在 D环引入磺酸基的产物,在临床上用于防治冠心病心绞痛。
目前对该类化合物的结构改造方法,归纳起来主要有两类:即针对A环和D环的修饰。这是因为,在A环为脂环的情况下,苄位较活泼,反应位点也较多,可在不同位置上引入各种类型的取代基;而D环的呋喃环,氢更是活性位点,如制备了丹参酮IIA磺酸钠盐,显著提高了其水溶性。然而目前来看,这两种结构修饰的效果并不理想,对该类化合物的活性提高有限,研究发现,丹参酮IIA磺酸钠盐药效甚至低于丹参酮IIA,推测可能由于磺酸钠盐为离子型化合物,难以通过以脂质及蛋白质成分为基础的生物膜结构系统(石远,李秀英,王天怡等丹参酮IIA与丹参酮IIA磺酸钠体内药动学与药效学,中国药剂学杂志,2009,7(3),143-153.)。丹参酮IIA磺酸钠盐的最大优点是成为水溶性化合物,可以注射给药,该药为我国上世纪80年代批准的上市药物。但在现代,这种以牺牲药效提高水溶性的策略已经不常用。此外,这些结构改造方法还受限于两个条件:(1)A环必须为脂环;(2) 必须有D-呋喃环的存在。
申请人经过研究,发现该类化合物经过对C环邻醌片段进行结构修饰,可以显著提高其抗菌、抗肿瘤活性(Zeng,L.W.;Zhou,C.X.;et al.Design, synthesis,andantimicrobial activities of new tanshinone IIA esters.Natural ProductResearch,2016,30,2662-2668.侯阿芳,曾林伟,甘礼社等丹参新酮 C环酚酯衍生物的设计合成及抗肿瘤活性研究.中国现代应用药学,2016,33, 1396-1402.),因此C环的结构改造对提到其成药性具有重要的科学意义,然而因为骨架钝性的原因,该类化合物的C环恰好又很难进行改造。申请人经过长期深入的研究,成功开发了一类以松香烷型二萜醌为前体合成C环新骨架的改造方法,获得了C环骈合内酯环的新颖结构,实现了该类化合物药效潜力更大的新骨架构建。
发明内容
针对现有技术存在的不足,本发明的目的首先在于提供一种具C环骈合内酯环新颖骨架的松香烷类化合物,有效改进了化合物的非平面性,不仅在结构上具有新颖性,而且相应的生物活性也得到显著提升,提示该类化合物具有更大的成药潜力;其次在于提供一种以松香烷型二萜醌为前体合成C环新骨架的松香烷类化合物的制备方法,并将其应用在相关医学的临床使用中。
为了实现第一发明目的,本发明提供如下技术方案:
一种具有C环骈合内酯环新颖骨架的松香烷类化合物,包括A、B、C的三环骨架结构,具有如下I、II、III的结构通式:
所述式I结构类型的化合物,n=0~2。
所述式I、II、III结构化合物,A环可以为脂环或芳环,B环和C环均为芳环。
应用时为具有如下式I、II、III结构的化合物或者其可药用盐。所述式I、II、 III结构化合物的可药用盐是指内酯环侧链羧基与碱进行反应生成的可药用盐。
所述“式I、II、III结构化合物的可药用盐”中的可药用盐,其为不引起药理上的副作用的、且常规使用的盐形式,没有特别的限制,包括式I、II、III结构化合物与任何无机碱或有机碱反应所生成的盐,如钠盐、钾盐、镁盐、铵盐等。例如,可与无机碱诸如碳酸氢钠、碳酸钠、氢氧化钠、碳酸钾、氢氧化钾、氢氧化镁成盐,优选碳酸氢钠、碳酸钠和碳酸钾;也可与有机碱诸如甲胺、乙胺、乙醇胺、乙二胺、二甲胺、三甲胺、二乙胺、三乙胺、丙胺、丁胺成盐,优选二甲胺和二乙胺。
所述式I、II、III结构化合物,A环4位上取代基为烷基或氢;
当A环为脂环时,优选为4位有偕二甲基取代的脂环;当A环为芳环时,优选为4位有甲基取代的芳环。
R1、R2为烷基或氢,C环外取代基为烷基,也形成呋喃环或二氢呋喃环骈合结构;当C环外取代基为烷基时,优选R1为异丙基的取代基;当C环外成环时,优选呋喃环或二氢呋喃环骈合结构。即当C环外13位取代基R1为异丙基时,14 位R2为氢;当13位异丙基末端被氧化时,可与14位缩合形成呋喃环或二氢呋喃环结构。
所述式I、II、III结构化合物,I类结构是基础结构,II、III类结构为I类结构转化而来。即当n=0时,I类结构通过进一步反应转化为II类结构;当n=1时, I类结构通过进一步反应转化为III类结构。
本发明另一方面还提供了上述具C环骈合内酯环新颖骨架的松香烷类化合物的制备方法,该制备方法包含以下依次进行的步骤:
(1)I类结构化合物的合成
将原料松香烷型二萜醌类化合物及酸酐按摩尔比1:1~1:1.5置于反应瓶中,加入溶剂、DMAP以及单质还原性金属,于氮气保护下加热,TLC监测反应完全后,过滤,滤液蒸干后通过重结晶或柱层析,获得I类结构目标产物。
(2)II、III类结构化合物的合成
将I类结构化合物溶解后加入反应瓶中,加入DCC,DMAP,有机碱,于氮气保护下加热,TLC监测反应完全后,过滤,滤液蒸干后通过重结晶或柱层析,根据n值不同,分别获得II、III类结构目标产物。
经上述反应制备的四类化合物均为外消旋体,即C环的苄位碳为手性中心,包含R,S两种构型,通过手性拆分,可以得到单一光学活性体。
所述步骤(1)、(2)中的原料及试剂,其中松香烷型二萜醌选自具有邻醌结构类型的化合物,优选的,鼠尾草属植物中的邻醌类化合物,更优选的,鼠尾草属植物丹参中的丹参酮I、丹参酮IIA、隐丹参酮、丹参新酮;酸酐选自环二酸酐,优选的,丁二酸酐、戊二酸酐、己二酸酐;单质还原性金属选自镁粉、铁粉、锌粉;有机碱选自三乙胺及N,N-二异丙基乙胺(DIPEA)。
本发明的构建C环骈合内酯环新颖骨架的松香烷类衍生物反应机理,以丹参酮IIA和琥珀酸酐在DMAP和锌粉的作用下反应示意如下:
以丹参酮IIA和琥珀酸酐在DMAP和锌粉的作用下反应示意如下"~9"推测在整个反应体系中,由于反应体系呈微碱性,而五元内酯环由于侧链比较长,内酯环比较容易开环,转而另外一端的羧酸会与酚羟基成酯,形成比较稳定的七元内酯环,从而得到产物。
在该反应中,首先丹参酮IIA的10位羰基被锌粉还原,与被DMAP活化的琥珀酸酐发生酰化反应,DMAP离去后,在少量水的作用下,锌以氢氧化锌形式脱去。随后异构化的酯羰基与11位羰基缩合,脱去1分子水后芳构化形成产物。
本发明的I类结构通过进一步反应转化为II、III类结构的反应机理以丹参酮IIA与戊二酸酐在碱性催化剂及缩合剂存在下反应示意如下:
推测在整个反应体系中,由于反应体系呈微碱性,而五元内酯环由于侧链比较长,内酯环比较容易开环,转而另外一端的羧酸会与酚羟基成酯,形成比较稳定的七元内酯环,从而得到产物。
本发明再一方面还提供了一种肿瘤及心脑血管疾病的治疗药物,该药物中包含上述的一种具C环骈合内酯环新骨架的松香烷类化合物。
在本发明的一个实施方案中,该药物中可以单独添加本发明的具C环骈合内酯环新骨架的松香烷衍生物;也可以共同添加该类新骨架衍生物和其他已知的抗肿瘤及心脑血管治疗药物活性成分。
在本发明的另一个实施方案中,该抗肿瘤及心脑血管疾病治疗药物中,作为活性成分的该类松香烷二萜衍生物的含量范围为0.1%-99.9%。优选50%~99.9%。
本领域技术人员可以根据该药物的使用剂量、剂型、给药方式选择该药物中该类衍生物的含量。
该抗肿瘤及心脑血管疾病治疗药物的制剂可以为片剂、胶囊剂、口崩片、滴丸、喷雾剂、气雾剂、注射剂等。
本发明的有益效果在于,首先提供了一种新的具C环骈合内酯环新骨架的松香烷化合物、其衍生物及其药学上可接受的盐及其制备方法;其次,该类化合物具有较好的抗肿瘤及心脑血管活性。体外实验表明,该类化合物对人肺腺癌细胞A549的具有较好的抑制活性;对心肌细胞H9C2具有显著的保护作用。体内动物试验表明,该类化合物经腹腔注射给药,对肺癌荷瘤小鼠具有良好的抑瘤效果;对大鼠大脑中动脉阻塞模型(MCAO)可明显缩小脑梗塞范围,对局灶性脑缺血损伤具有很好的保护作用,表明该类化合物在临床上具有重要的应用价值。
附图说明
图1为化合物1的X单晶衍射图。
图2为化合物2的氢谱图。
图3为化合物2的碳谱图。
图4为化合物3的氢谱图。
图5为化合物3的碳谱图。
图6为化合物4的氢谱图。
图7为化合物4的碳谱图。
图8为化合物5的氢谱图。
图9为化合物5的碳谱图。
图10为化合物6的质谱图。
图11为化合物6的碳谱图。
图12为化合物7的氢谱图。
图13为化合物7的高分辨质谱图。
图14为化合物8的高分辨质谱图。
图15为化合物9的高分辨质谱图。
具体实施方式
实施例1
称取丹参酮IIA原料10g(34mmol)于反应瓶,加入100ml四氢呋喃,边搅拌边加入琥珀酸酐3.4g(34mmol)、DMAP 9.5g、锌粉6.6g,于氮气保护下加热回流,搅拌3小时后,TLC监测反应完全。过滤除去锌粉,滤液蒸干后以甲醇重结晶,干燥得产品(化合物1)9.6克,收率75%。其化学结构通过波谱分析及X-单晶衍射确证如下:
化合物1的波谱数据如下:
ESI–MS:m/z=379.6[M+H]+。
1H NMR(600MHz,DMSO-d6)δ12.43(s,1H),8.03(d,J=8.8Hz,1H),7.91(d, J=1.2Hz,1H),7.69(d,J=8.8Hz,1H),4.54(t,J=4.6Hz,1H),3.38–3.31(m,2H), 3.25(dd,J=17.2,5.6Hz,1H),3.14(dd,J=17.2,5.6Hz,1H),2.35(d,J=1.2Hz,3H), 1.92–1.79(m,2H),1.77–1.64(m,2H),1.35(s,3H),1.34(s,3H);13C NMR(150 MHz,DMSO-d6)δ176.61,170.37,147.32,145.55,142.61,142.48,130.18,126.09, 118.64,118.29,117.14,116.21,114.67,114.50,38.50,37.32,35.35,33.69,30.89, 30.82,28.87,18.52,9.06.
实施例2
称取丹参酮IIA原料10g(34mmol)于反应瓶,加入100ml四氢呋喃,
边搅拌边加入戊二酸酐3.88g(34mmol)、DMAP 7.8g、铁粉5.9g,于氮气保护下加热回流,搅拌6小时后,TLC监测反应完全。过滤除去铁粉,滤液蒸干后以丙酮重结晶,干燥得产品(化合物1)10.8克,收率81%。其化学结构通过波谱分析确证如下:
化合物2的波谱数据如下:
ESI-MS:m/z=391.30[M-H]-.
1H NMR(500MHz,Acetone-d6)δ8.09(d,J=8.8Hz,1H),7.80(d,J=1.2Hz, 1H),7.72(d,J=8.8Hz,1H),4.39(dd,J=8.5,3.5Hz,1H),3.43(t,J=6.4Hz,2H), 2.47(d,J=1.0Hz,3H),2.44–2.31(m,3H),1.94–1.87(m,2H),1.75(dd,J=12.1, 6.2Hz,2H),1.38(d,J=3.7Hz,6H).13C NMR(125MHz,Acetone-d6)δ177.93, 173.64,149.72,147.32,144.27,143.80,132.32,127.67,121.07,120.24,118.85, 118.47,116.73,116.69,42.35,39.25,35.28,32.06,32.02,30.64,30.30,28.44, 20.31,9.92.
实施例3
称取化合物2原料1.0g(2.55mmol)于反应瓶,加入30ml二氯甲烷,边搅拌边加入DMAP 1.2g、DCC 0.6g、三乙胺0.2ml,于氮气保护下加热回流,搅拌5小时后,TLC监测反应完全。加冰水淬灭反应,用二氯甲烷萃取 (20ml×3),合并后浓缩有机相,过硅胶柱分离得到产物(化合物3)0.59克,收率59%。其化学结构通过波谱分析确证如下:
化合物3的波谱数据如下:
ESI-MS:m/z=391.28]M-H]-.
1H NMR(500MHz,Acetone-d6)δ10.66(1H,br.s),8.11(d,J=8.7Hz,1H),7.79 (s,1H),7.63(d,J=8.7Hz,1H),4.55(dd,J=9.7,2.9Hz,1H),3.42–3.39(m,1H),3.26 (d,J=16.3Hz,1H),2.62–2.47(m,2H),2.42–2.36(m,4H),2.02–1.95(m,2H),1.39(s, 3H),1.36(s,3H);13C NMR(125MHz,Acetone-d6)δ178.19,173.58,153.91,147.34, 145.34,142.88,132.30,128.25,125.80,119.55,118.83,115.83,115.11,112.19, 45.62,39.50,35.49,32.54,31.87,30.67,30.09,29.61,20.56,9.17。
实施例4
称取500mg丹参新酮于100ml装有20ml二氧六环的三口瓶中,边搅拌边加入370mg琥珀酸酐,450mg DMAP,300mg镁粉,氮气保护下回流。搅拌4小时后,TLC监测反应完全。过滤除去镁粉,滤液蒸干后以石油醚:乙酸乙酯1:1重结晶,干燥得产品(化合物4)568mg,收率88%。其化学结构通过波谱分析确证如下:
化合物4的波谱数据如下:
ESI-MS:m/z=367.51[M+H]+.
1H NMR(500MHz,DMSO-d6)δ12.46(s,1H),7.66(d,J=8.8Hz,1H), 7.53(s,1H),7.50(d,J=8.8Hz,1H),4.37(t,J=4.5Hz,1H),3.28(dd,J=9.5, 6.2Hz,2H),3.15(dd,J=4.4,2.2Hz,2H),3.06(hep,J=6.8Hz,1H),1.89–1. 77(m,2H),1.66(dd,J=7.5,4.1Hz,2H),1.30(s,6H),1.29(d,J=6.8Hz,3 H),1.26(d,J=6.8Hz,3H);13C NMR(125MHz,DMSO-d6)δ177.27,171.13, 149.70,142.54,141.81,133.13,129.21,125.85,125.76,121.23,119.74,117.6 7,39.11,38.03,34.95,34.07,31.27,31.23,29.30,29.19,23.77,23.39,19.14。
实施例5
称取500mg丹参新酮于100ml装有30ml四氢呋喃的三口瓶中,边搅拌边加入422mg戊二酸酐,530mg DMAP以及400mg锌粉,在氮气保护下加热回流。搅拌8小时后,TLC监测反应完全。过滤除去锌粉,滤液蒸干后过硅胶柱,分离得到产物(化合物4)475mg,收率71%。其化学结构通过波谱分析确证如下:
化合物5的波谱数据如下:
ESI-MS:m/z=379.27[M-H]-.
1H NMR(500MHz,Acetone-d6)δ7.67(d,J=8.8Hz,1H),7.59(s,1H), 7.52(d,J=8.8Hz,1H),4.18(dd,J=8.2,3.3Hz,1H),3.35(t,J=6.4Hz,2H), 3.26(dt,J=13.7,6.8Hz,1H),2.56–2.47(m,2H),2.37–2.27(m,2H),1.91–1. 86(m,2H),1.71(dd,J=12.8,7.0Hz,2H),1.41(d,J=6.8Hz,3H),1.34(s,6 H),1.30(d,J=6.8Hz,3H);13C NMR(125MHz,DMSO-d6)δ177.93,173.71, 150.74,143.79,143.26,134.92,130.80,126.91,126.88,122.63,121.27,119.29, 42.29,39.27,35.03,31.84,31.74,30.42,30.39,29.99,27.24,24.53,23.80,20. 28。
实施例6
称取丹参酮I原料5g(18mmol)于反应瓶,加入100ml四氢呋喃,边搅拌边加入琥珀酸酐2.7g(27mmol)、DMAP 5.8g、锌粉6.7g,于氮气保护下加热回流,搅拌6小时后,TLC监测反应完全。过滤除去锌粉,滤液蒸干后以丙酮重结晶,干燥得产品(化合物6)5.9克,收率91%。其化学结构通过波谱分析确证如下:
化合物6的波谱数据如下:
ESI–MS:m/z=361.23[M+H]+。
1H NMR(500MHz,DMSO-d6)δ12.49(s,1H),9.16(d,J=8.5Hz,1H),8.30(d, J=9.2Hz,1H),8.21(d,J=9.2Hz,1H),8.08(s,1H),7.70(t,J=8.5Hz,1H),7.58(d, J=8.5Hz,1H),4.80(t,J=4.6Hz,1H),3.35(dd,J=17.1,4.6Hz,1H),3.18(dd,J= 17.1,4.6Hz,1H),2.77(s,3H),2.43(s,3H);13C NMR(150MHz,DMSO-d6)δ177.03,171.00,148.02,146.44,144.27,134.73,130.22,128.06,127.88,127.03, 124.73,124.35,120.81,118.32,118.09,116.65,115.10,112.69,39.78,36.01,19.73, 9.62。
实施例7
称取化合物1原料1.0g(2.65mmol)于反应瓶,加入50ml二氯甲烷,边搅拌边加入DMAP 1.3g、DCC 0.8g、三乙胺0.3ml,于氮气保护下加热回流,搅拌5小时后,TLC监测反应完全。加冰水淬灭反应,用二氯甲烷萃取 (20ml×3),合并后浓缩有机相,过硅胶柱分离得到产物(化合物7)0.66克,收率66%。其化学结构通过波谱分析确证如下:
化合物7的波谱数据如下:
HRESI-MS:m/z=379.1551[M+H]+;779.2909[2M+Na]+。
1H NMR(500MHz,DMSO-d6)δ12.49(br.s,1H),8.03(d,J=8.8Hz,1H),7.93 (d,J=1.3Hz,1H),7.70(d,J=8.8Hz,1H),4.59(dd,J=5.4,3.8Hz,1H),3.25(dd, J=17.4,3.8Hz,1H),3.14(dd,J=17.4,3.8Hz,1H),2.35(d,J=1.2Hz,3H),1.86–1.84 (m,2H),1.70–1.68(m,2H),1.34(s,3H),1.33(s,3H);13C NMR(125MHz, DMSO-d6)δ177.32,171.06,147.93,146.18,143.28,143.12,130.80,126.77,119.24, 118.94,117.79,116.83,115.34,115.15,39.78,37.92,35.95,34.33,31.52,31.45, 29.52,19.14,9.72.
实施例8
称取丹参酮IIA原料10g(34mmol)于反应瓶,加入100ml四氢呋喃,边搅拌边加入己二酸酐4.36g(34mmol)、DMAP 8.8g、铁粉6.9g,于氮气保护下加热回流,搅拌6小时后,TLC监测反应完全。过滤除去铁粉,滤液蒸干后以丙酮重结晶,干燥得产品(化合物1)7.8克,收率56%。其化学结构通过波谱分析确证如下:
化合物8的波谱数据如下:
HRESI-MS:m/z=429.0694[M+Na]+
1H NMR(500MHz,Acetone-d6)δ12.45(br.s,1H),8.07(d,J=8.8Hz,1H), 7.82(d,J=1.2Hz,1H),7.75(d,J=8.8Hz,1H),4.46(dd,J=6.8,4.4Hz,1H),3.25 (t,J=6.7Hz,2H),2.44(d,J=1.0Hz,3H),2.41–2.29(m,4H),1.92–1.88(m,2H), 1.77(m,2H),1.36(s,3H),1.34(s,3H).13C NMR(125MHz,Acetone-d6)δ 177.91,173.62,149.70,147.29,144.26,143.77,132.30,127.63,121.03,120.21, 118.82,118.44,116.71,116.66,42.33,39.23,35.26,32.03,32.01,30.63,30.48, 30.29,28.41,20.28,9.88.
实施例9
称取隐丹参酮原料10g(34mmol)于反应瓶,加入100ml四氢呋喃,边搅拌边加入琥珀酸酐3.4g(34mmol)、DMAP 9.5g、锌粉6.6g,于氮气保护下加热回流,搅拌6小时后,TLC监测反应完全。过滤除去锌粉,滤液蒸干后以甲醇重结晶,干燥得产品(化合物1)8.8克,收率68%。其化学结构通过波谱分析确证如下:
化合物9的波谱数据如下:
HRESI-MS:m/z=381.1706[M+H]+,403.1527[M+Na]+,783.3165[2M+Na]+
1H NMR(600MHz,DMSO-d6)δ12.41(s,1H),7.72(d,J=8.4Hz,1H),7.41(d, J=8.4Hz,1H),4.82(dd,J=8.8,6.8Hz,1H),4.39(t,J=3.8Hz,1H),4.28(t,J=8.8,6.2 Hz,1H),3.57(1H,m),3.32-3.28(m,2H),1.92–1.79(m,2H),1.77–1.64(m,2H), 1.32(d,J=6.8Hz,3H),1.29(s,3H);13C NMR(150MHz,DMSO-d6)δ175.69, 171.36,152.32,144.67,135.98,128.76,126.24,122.57,118.34,117.81,116.33, 114.50,71.61,37.50,34.42,34.29,32.93,32.88,30.88,29.69,28.36,19.62,18.73.
实施例10:抗肿瘤作用
1对人肺腺癌细胞A549的体外抗肿瘤活性实验
1.1实验方法
消化单层培养的细胞,制成单细胞悬液,细胞计数,以每孔3×104细胞接种于已准备好的96孔培养板中,每孔体积200uL。将培养板放入37℃,5%CO2孵箱中培养24h。换液,加入不同浓度测试化合物4(化合物用DMSO溶解后用 PBS稀释,受试化合物浓度分别为0.5μM、1μM、2μM、4μM、8μM、16μM、 32μM和64μM),放入37℃,5%CO2,孵箱中培养24h。将MTT加入96孔板中,每孔10uL,培养箱中反应4h。吸去上清液,每孔加入DMSO 150uL,室温下将培养板置于振荡器上振荡10min,使其充分溶解。选择492nm波长,使用酶标仪测定各孔光吸收值(OD值),并计算IC50值。
1.2实验结果
结果见表1化合物4对A549的抗瘤活性较母体化合物丹参新酮显著提高,其IC50为5.5μM。
表1 化合物4对A549的IC50(μM)
2对肺癌荷瘤小鼠的体内实验
2.1小鼠Lewis肺癌模型制备
小鼠Lewis肺癌细胞常规培养于RPMI-1640完全培养液中(含10%胎牛血清,青霉素100u/ml,链霉素100u/ml),经0.25%胰蛋白酶溶液消化传代,细胞培养在37℃饱和湿度及含5%CO2的培养箱中进行。收集处于对数生长期的肿瘤细胞, 1500prm离心3分钟。细胞沉淀用无血清无抗生素的培养基洗一次,进行台盼蓝细胞计数。用无血清、无抗生素培养基调整细胞浓度为1×107/ml。
选取40只健康C57BL/6J小鼠,将上述肿瘤细胞接种于小鼠左右侧后肢皮下,每只小鼠接种100ul,即1×106个肿瘤细胞,待瘤形成后备用(7d后接种部位可触及肿瘤组织,3周后可见直径1.5~2cm肿块)。
2.2对小鼠Lewis肺癌的影响
小鼠随机分为5组,每组8只:阴性对照组每天腹腔注射生理盐水0.05ml/10g;化合物1的低、中、高剂量组(1-L、1-M、1-H):每天腹腔注射2.5mg/kg、5mg/kg、 10mg/kg;阳性对照药顺铂组(Cisplatin)隔天腹腔给予0.5mg/ml药液0.05ml/10g,于接种后第15天处死小鼠,取瘤块称重,计算肿瘤抑制百分率。
2.3.实验结果
结果见表2。由实验结果可知,各组动物Lewis肺癌在接种后一周开始形成,随后进入快速生长期。实验结束时各实验组别动物的lewis肺癌体积有不同程度的减少。化合物1对Lewis肺癌的瘤重有明显的抑制作用。其中高剂量组小鼠瘤重、瘤重指数明显低于对照组(P<0.01)。
注:与阴性对照组比较:*P<0.05,**P<0.01
实施例11:对H9C2心肌细胞的保护作用
将化合物2和3均配制成10μM,5μM和2.5μM三个浓度,母体化合物丹参酮IIA配制成5μM,H9C2细胞按1×104个细胞/ml种板24小时后,撤去血清和高糖型培养基,换成含不同药物浓度的无糖血清。造缺氧6小时后,复氧12小时,吸取上清测LDH活性,用MTT孵育4小时,检测细胞存活率。所有数据用t-text进行统计分析。
结果表明化合物2和3在所设定浓度内均可以增加H9C2细胞的存活率及降低细胞LDH的活性,对心肌细胞有较明显的保护作用,在同等浓度下优于母体化合物丹参酮IIA(表3)。
表3 化合物2和3对H9C2细胞的保护作用
注:与阴性对照组比较:*P<0.05,**P<0.01
实施例12:对大鼠大脑中动脉阻塞(MCAO)损伤的保护作用
1.实验方法及分组:采用血管内栓线阻断法制作大鼠大脑中动脉阻塞 (MCAO)模型,尾静脉给药,测定脑梗塞范围。健康雄性Sprague Dawley大鼠60只,体重230~280g左右,随机分为7组,分别为假手术组、阳性对照组(尼莫地平,2mg/kg)、模型组、化合物7低剂量组(7-L,5mg/kg)、中剂量组(7-M, 10mg/kg)、高剂量组(7-H,20mg/kg)以及母体化合物丹参酮I组(20mg/kg)。在手术前1天,大鼠腹腔注射给药;第二天术前30分钟,再次给药;术后4小时第三次给药。
2.脑梗死范围测定:
术后24小时,将动物断头取脑,去掉嗅球、小脑和低位脑干,然后冠状均切4刀,共5片。5片脑组织放置0.25%TTC溶液中,37℃避光孵育30min染色,经染色后正常组织呈红色,梗死部位呈白色。利用形态分析系统计算出梗死面积,进行比较。实验结果见表4。
| 组别 | n(只数) | 梗死面积(%) |
| 模型组 | 10 | 39.16±2.74 |
| 阳性对照组(尼莫地平) | 10 | 20.47±5.91** |
| 6-H | 10 | 22.36±6.81** |
| 6-M | 10 | 25.13±5.86* |
| 6-L | 10 | 29.64±11.59 |
| 母体化合物丹参酮I | 10 | 31.29±8.94 |
注:与模型组比较:*P<0.05,**P<0.01。
结果表明,化合物6的中、高剂量组均可明显缩小脑梗塞范围,对小鼠局灶性脑缺血损伤具有很好的保护作用,而母体化合物丹参酮I几乎无作用。
以上所述实施例仅表达了本发明的几种实施方式,其描述较为具体和详细,但并不能因此而理解为对本发明专利范围的限制。应当指出的是,对于本领域的普通技术人员来说,在不脱离本发明构思的前提下,还可以做出若干变形和改进,这些都属于本发明的保护范围。
Claims (9)
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种具有C环骈合内酯环骨架的松香烷类化合物的制备方法,其特征在于,包括如下反应步骤:
将原料松香烷型二萜醌类化合物及酸酐按摩尔比1:1~1:1.5置于反应瓶中,加入溶剂、DMAP以及还原性金属单质,于氮气保护下加热,TLC监测反应完全后,过滤,滤液蒸干后通过重结晶或柱层析,获得所述C环骈合内酯环骨架的松香烷类化合物;
当原料松香烷型二萜醌类化合物为丹参酮IIA时,酸酐为丁二酸酐或戊二酸酐;
当原料松香烷型二萜醌类化合物为丹参酮I或丹参新酮时,酸酐为丁二酸酐。
4.根据权利要求3所述的一种具有C环骈合内酯环骨架的松香烷类化合物的制备方法,其特征在于,还原性金属单质选自镁粉、铁粉、锌粉。
6.根据权利要求5所述的一种具有C环骈合内酯环骨架的松香烷类化合物的制备方法,其特征在于,还原性金属单质选自镁粉、铁粉、锌粉;有机碱选自三乙胺及N,N-二异丙基乙胺。
7.根据权利要求1所述的一种具有C环骈合内酯环骨架的松香烷类化合物的应用,其特征在于,所述化合物1和化合物4及其药学上可接受的盐用于制备抗肿瘤药物;
所述化合物2和化合物6及其药学上可接受的盐用于制备心脑血管治疗药物。
8.根据权利要求2所述的一种具有C环骈合内酯环骨架的松香烷类化合物的应用,其特征在于,该松香烷类化合物及其药学上可接受的盐用于制备心脑血管治疗药物。
9.一种药物组合物,其中包含权利要求1或2所述具有C环骈合内酯环骨架的松香烷类化合物、以及其药学上可接受的盐和药学上可接受的赋形剂,所述药物组合物为片剂、胶囊剂、滴丸、喷雾剂、气雾剂或注射剂。
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