CN111567200A - Driving device of seed or fertilizer discharging device - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a driving device of a seed or fertilizer discharging device, which comprises a ground wheel, a ground wheel frame and a frame connecting seat. There is a transmission relationship between the ground wheel and the main shaft of the seed or fertilizer discharging device; the ground wheel is installed On the ground wheel frame, the frame connecting seat is used to connect the frame of the agricultural machinery, and the ground wheel frame is rotated and installed relative to the frame connecting seat; a pressure mechanism is arranged between the frame connecting seat and the ground wheel frame, and the pressure mechanism is used for Keep the ground wheels in contact with the ground. In the driving device of the seed or fertilizer discharging device of the present invention, by setting the ground wheel and establishing the transmission relationship between the ground wheel and the main shaft of the discharging device, the relationship between the moving distance of the agricultural machinery and the number of turns of the main shaft of the discharging device can be established. Whether the material discharged from the discharge device is evenly spread is not affected by the running speed of the agricultural machinery, it avoids the complex control problem when the main shaft of the discharge device is individually driven and controlled, and it can save hardware and control costs, and the operation is reliable. rate is low.

Description

A drive for a seed or fertilizer discharge device

technical field

The invention relates to the field of agricultural machinery, in particular to a driving device of a seed or fertilizer discharge device.

Background technique

Agricultural machinery is used to sow seeds, fertilizers and other agricultural materials in the land. In order to achieve quantitative sowing of seeds or fertilizers, agricultural machinery is equipped with a discharge device. Materials, in order to spread the agricultural materials discharged from the discharge device evenly in the land, it is necessary to match the running speed of the main shaft of the discharge device with the moving speed of the agricultural machinery. In the prior art, the agricultural machinery is generally driven by a tractor to perform the sowing operation. , and the running speed of the tractor is very unstable. To achieve uniform spreading of agricultural materials, the speed of the main shaft of the discharge device is very high, and it is difficult to control the speed of the main shaft of the discharge device.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

Purpose of the invention: In order to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a drive device for a seed or fertilizer discharge device that can establish a relationship between the main shaft of the discharge device and the moving speed of agricultural machinery, so that it is not necessary to adjust the main shaft of the discharge device. Targeted and complex control of the rotational speed enables agricultural machinery to spread agricultural materials evenly.

Technical scheme: In order to achieve the above purpose, the driving device of the seed or fertilizer discharge device of the present invention includes a ground wheel, a ground wheel frame and a frame connecting seat, and the space between the ground wheel and the main shaft of the seed or fertilizer discharge device It has a transmission relationship; the ground wheel is installed on the ground wheel frame, the frame connecting seat is used for connecting the frame of agricultural machinery, and the ground wheel frame is rotatably installed relative to the frame connecting seat; the A pressure mechanism is arranged between the frame connecting seat and the ground wheel frame, and the pressure mechanism is used to keep the ground wheel in contact with the ground.

Further, the pressure mechanism includes a first spring, and the first spring makes the ground wheel have a downward movement tendency through the ground wheel frame.

Further, the pressure mechanism includes a first rotating shaft and a second rotating shaft, the first rotating shaft is mounted on the ground wheel frame, and the second rotating shaft is connected to the frame connecting seat;

An adjusting seat is connected to the first rotating shaft, and an adjusting screw is slidably installed on the second rotating shaft; the head of the adjusting screw is screwed into the adjusting seat, and the first spring is placed in the adjusting seat and the second shaft.

Further, the pressure mechanism is connected to the frame connecting seat through a transmission mechanism; a gear lever is connected to the transmission mechanism, and the gear lever can move back and forth between two positions relative to the frame connecting seat Switching, so that the ground wheel is switched between the use state and the retracted state; in the use state, the ground wheel is in contact with the ground; in the retracted state, the ground wheel leaves the ground.

Further, the transmission mechanism includes a first rod part, a second rod part and a third rod part, and the three rod parts and the frame connecting seat form a four-link structure, wherein the first rod part and the third rod part Both are connecting rods; the gear rod is fixed on the first rod part, and the third rod part is connected to the ground wheel frame.

Further, the frame connecting seat is provided with a sliding groove for the shift rod to move therein, and two ends of the sliding groove are respectively provided with holding grooves for the shift rod to be embedded.

Further, a second spring is arranged between the gear lever and the frame connecting seat.

Further, the ground wheel establishes a transmission relationship with the main shaft of the discharge device through a flexible shaft.

Further, a bevel gear set is arranged between the rotating shaft of the ground wheel and the flexible shaft.

Further, a plurality of anti-skid blades are arranged on the outer circumferential array of the ground wheel.

Beneficial effect: The driving device of the seed or fertilizer discharging device of the present invention can establish the moving distance of agricultural machinery and the number of rotations of the main shaft of the discharging device by setting the ground wheel and establishing the transmission relationship between the ground wheel and the main shaft of the discharging device. Whether the material discharged from the discharge device is evenly spread is not affected by the running speed of the agricultural machinery, which avoids the complex control problem when the main shaft of the discharge device is driven and controlled separately, and can save hardware and control costs. Reliable and low failure rate.

Description of drawings

Accompanying drawing 1 is the overall structure diagram of the drive device of the seed or fertilizer discharge device;

Accompanying drawing 2 is the combined structure diagram of ground wheel and switching mechanism;

Accompanying drawing 3 is the sectional view of switching mechanism;

Accompanying drawing 4 is the enlarged structure diagram of A part in accompanying drawing 1;

Accompanying drawing 5 is the enlarged structure diagram of B part in accompanying drawing 2;

6 is a sectional view of the switching mechanism part in the preferred embodiment;

FIG. 7 is a structural diagram of the softness detection device.

In the figure: 1-ground wheel; 11-anti-skid blade; 12-inner rim; 13-hollow hole; 14-reinforcing rib; 2-switching mechanism; 21-ground wheel frame; 22-rack connection seat; 221-slide 222-holding groove; 23-gear lever; 24-transmission mechanism; 241-first lever; 242-second lever; 243-third lever; 25-first shaft; 26-second shaft ;27-adjustment seat;28-adjustment screw;29-first spring;210-second spring;211-screw motor;3-flexible shaft;4-bevel gear set;5-chain;6-softness detection device; 61-device frame; 62-thrust plate; 63-elastic shock absorber; 64-displacement sensor.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

As shown in Figure 1, the drive device is used to drive the discharge device of agricultural machinery. The discharge device of agricultural machinery can continuously and stably distribute agricultural materials such as seeds and fertilizers, so that when the agricultural machinery sows seeds or fertilizers, it can be Distribute materials evenly. The discharge frequency of the discharge device is affected by the speed of its main shaft. The faster the main shaft speed is, the faster the discharge frequency of the discharge device is, and the more agricultural materials are discharged.

The driving structure of the discharge device includes a ground wheel 1, and the ground wheel 1 has a transmission relationship with the main shaft of the discharge device. When the agricultural machinery is running, the ground wheel 1 is always in contact with the ground, and as the agricultural machinery moves in the ground, The interaction between the ground and the ground wheel 1 can make the ground wheel 1 rotate spontaneously, and the faster the agricultural machinery moves, the faster the ground wheel 1 rotates. In this way, the relationship between the ground wheel 1's rotation speed and the moving speed of the agricultural machinery can be established. The proportional relationship between the two, because there is a transmission relationship between the ground wheel 1 and the main shaft of the discharge device, the speed of the main shaft of the discharge device is directly related to the moving speed of the agricultural machinery, and the transmission ratio of the two is determined. The number of revolutions of the main shaft of the discharge device is determined by the displacement of the mechanical movement, and the two have good synchronization. No matter how uneven the movement speed of the agricultural machinery is, the material sown is always uniform, which greatly reduces the The difficulty of controlling the spindle speed of the discharge device is eliminated.

As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 4 , the ground wheel 1 includes an inner rim 12 with a hollow structure, and a plurality of anti-skid blades 11 are arranged in a peripheral circumferential array of the inner rim 12 . Specifically, the anti-skid blades 11 are L-shaped and have a fixed part welded on the inner rim 12 and an anti-skid part extending along the radial direction of the inner rim 12 , and the fixed parts of each anti-skid blade 11 are connected end to end and welded It is fixed, and reinforcing ribs 14 are arranged between each fixed part and the inner rim 12, so that the ground wheel 1 is light in weight and has a stable and reliable structure; when the agricultural machinery moves, the anti-skid parts of each anti-skid blade 11 are embedded in the soil in turn so that the The ground wheel 1 rolls as a whole without slipping, which effectively ensures the relationship between the angular displacement of the ground wheel 1 and the moving displacement of the agricultural machinery, so that the main shaft of the discharge device rotates accurately, thereby ensuring the uniformity of material spreading. The turning position of the anti-skid blade 11 has a hollow hole 13, and the setting of the hollow hole 13 can prevent the mud from accumulating and agglomerating at the turning position of the L-shaped anti-skid blade 11 and filling the gap between the anti-skid parts of two adjacent anti-skid blades 11. , causing the anti-skid blade 11 to lose the anti-skid effect. After the hollow hole 13 is provided, the soil can be discharged from the hollow hole 13 in time.

Preferably, the ground wheel 1 establishes a transmission relationship with the main shaft of the discharge device through a flexible shaft 3 . The input end of the flexible shaft 3 establishes a transmission relationship with the rotating shaft of the ground wheel 1 through the bevel gear set 4, and the output end of the flexible shaft 3 is connected to the main shaft of the discharge device (the discharge device is not shown in the figure). Since the transmission distance between the ground wheel 1 and the main shaft of the discharge device is relatively long, and the transition structure between the two is complex, the relative positional relationship between the two is not determined. The transmission structure between the main shafts of the device is greatly simplified, which saves costs. In addition, the output end of the flexible shaft 3 can output power to multiple sets of discharge devices. For example, some agricultural machinery has both a discharge device for seed distribution and a discharge device for fertilizer distribution, which can simultaneously perform seeding. For fertilization, in this case, the flexible shaft 3 can be directly connected with the main shaft of one of the discharge devices, and the power can be synchronized to the main shaft of one of the discharge devices through the chain 5 or the synchronous belt.

The ground wheel 1 is connected to the frame of the agricultural machinery through a switching mechanism 2 (not shown in the figure); the switching mechanism 2 can switch the ground wheel 1 between the use state and the retracted state; in the use state, all the The ground wheel 1 is always in contact with the ground; in the retracted state, the ground wheel 1 leaves the ground. Generally, the ground wheel 1 is switched to the retracted state when there is no sowing task (for example, the tractor is dragging agricultural machinery into the field) to prevent material loss.

Specifically, as shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. 3 , the switching mechanism 2 includes a ground wheel frame 21 , a frame connecting seat 22 , a gear lever 23 and a transmission mechanism 24 . The ground wheel 1 is rotatably installed on the ground wheel frame 21; the frame connecting seat 22 is fixed on the frame of the agricultural machinery, and the ground wheel frame 21 is rotated and installed relative to it; the gear lever 23 is connected to the The frame connecting seat 22 is connected and can be switched back and forth between two positions relative to the frame connecting seat 22, so that the ground wheel 1 can be switched between the use state and the retracted state.

The transmission mechanism 24 includes a first rod portion 241 , a second rod portion 242 and a third rod portion 243 , which together with the frame connecting seat 22 form a four-link structure, wherein the first rod portion 241 is connected to the third rod portion 243 . The three rod parts 243 are all connecting rods; the gear rod 23 is fixed on the first rod part 241 , and the third rod part 243 is connected to the ground wheel frame 21 ; through the above four-link structure, when Toggle the gear lever 23 back and forth to raise or lower the ground wheel frame 21 , so as to switch the ground wheel 1 ; and when the ground wheel 1 is in use, the first rod portion 241 and the second rod portion 242 Collinear, the four-bar linkage structure is at the dead center. This design can effectively prevent the ground wheel 1 from being separated from the current gear due to the excessive mechanical impact between the ground wheel 1 and the ground or other mechanical shocks when the agricultural machinery is running. 1. The ground is not firmly grasped or it is off the ground, resulting in uneven discharge of the discharge device.

Preferably, in order to maintain effective contact between the ground wheel 1 and the ground at all times, a pressure structure is provided between the third rod portion 243 and the ground wheel frame 21 , and the pressure structure can make the ground wheel 1 always Stay in contact with the ground. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 3 , the pressure structure includes a first rotating shaft 25 and a second rotating shaft 26 , which are respectively rotatably mounted on the ground wheel frame 21 and the third rod portion 243 ; An adjusting seat 27 is connected to a rotating shaft 25, and an adjusting screw 28 is slidably installed on the second rotating shaft 26; the head of the adjusting screw 28 is screwed into the adjusting seat 27, and the adjusting seat 27 is connected to the A first spring 29 is provided between the second rotating shafts 26 .

Through the above structure, the first spring 29 can play the role of maintaining the ground wheel 1 in contact with the ground, and when the ground wheel 1 is subjected to a large reaction force or mechanical impact, the first spring 29 also plays a role of buffering and shock absorption, and can Effectively protect the ground wheel 1 from deformation. In addition, by rotating the adjusting screw 28, the elevation angle of the ground wheel frame 21 can be adjusted, so that the anti-skid blades 11 of the ground wheel 1 have different depths into the ground, so that the ground wheel 1 can adapt to different grounds. The ground wheel frame 21 is depressed so that the ground wheel 1 penetrates into the ground as deep as possible to ensure no slippage, and the ground wheel frame 21 can be properly lifted when used on muddy ground.

In the above embodiment, manually rotating the adjusting screw 28 to adjust the depth of the anti-skid blade 11 into the ground needs to rely on the user's experience. In order to reduce the influence of the user's experience on the grip quality of the ground wheel 1, as shown in FIG. 7, a screw motor can be provided. 211 drives the adjustment screw 28 to rotate, in addition, an automatic adjustment unit is set to drive the screw motor 211 to run. Specifically, the automatic adjustment unit includes a controller, and the controller is connected to the screw motor 211 for control, and the controller can control the rotation of the screw motor 211. In addition, The controller is also connected to a softness detection device 6 for detecting the softness of the soil; the softness detection device 6 is installed on the tractor for pulling agricultural machinery, and the softness detection device 6 is installed on the side of the wheel of the tractor; As shown in FIG. 4 , the softness detection device 6 includes a device frame 61 and a thrust plate 62 , the thrust plate 62 is always in contact with the ground, and an elastic device is provided between the device frame 61 and the thrust plate 62 The shock absorber 63 and the displacement sensor 64 are connected to the controller. Through the above-mentioned softness detection device 6, when a tractor such as a tractor is moving in the field, because the tractor is heavy, the depth of the rut pressed by the tractor can be detected as the measurement index of soil softness. Using the above structure, the softness detection device 6 Set on the side of the wheel of the tractor, the thrust plate 62 can directly press the ground beside the wheel, and the rut depth can be accurately measured. It can make the measured rut depth more reference. Since the tractor may be skewed in the left and right directions, a set of softness detection devices 6 can be installed next to the left and right wheels of the tractor, and the controller will collect the two data obtained. The values of the displacement sensors 64 are averaged to obtain the average wheel track depth. The controller can obtain the soil softness according to the preset corresponding relationship curve between the average wheel track depth and the soil softness, and according to the preset soil softness and the screw motor The corresponding relationship curve of the rotation amount of 211 can obtain the target rotation amount of the screw motor 211 , and then drive the screw motor 211 to operate according to the target rotation amount to realize the adjustment of the elevation angle of the ground wheel frame 21 . Preferably, in the above-mentioned softness detection device 6 , there are two groups of elastic shock absorbers 63 , the two groups of elastic shock absorbers 63 are arranged on the front and rear sides of the thrust plate 62 , and the displacement sensor 64 is placed in the middle of the thrust plate 62 .

In order to facilitate the gear lever 23 to be kept in the gear position, the frame connecting base 22 is provided with a sliding groove 221 (as shown in FIG. 2 ) for the gear lever 23 to move therein. The sliding groove 221 Both ends of the gear lever 23 are respectively provided with retaining grooves 222 (as shown in FIG. 5 ) for inserting the shift lever 23 . A second spring 210 is arranged between the gear lever 23 and the frame connecting seat 22 . The second spring 210 can provide a pulling force to keep the gear lever 23 in the current holding groove 222 and will not come out accidentally. . When it is necessary to switch gears, the user only needs to make the gear lever 23 come out of the current holding groove 222, and twist the gear lever 23 to move along the sliding groove 221 to the other end of the sliding groove 221 and engage in the other end of the sliding groove 221. The holding groove 222 is sufficient.

In the driving device of the seed or fertilizer discharging device of the present invention, by setting the ground wheel and establishing the transmission relationship between the ground wheel and the main shaft of the discharging device, the relationship between the moving distance of the agricultural machinery and the number of revolutions of the main shaft of the discharging device can be established. Therefore, whether the material discharged by the discharge device is evenly spread is not affected by the running speed of the agricultural machinery, which avoids the complex control problem when the main shaft of the discharge device is driven and controlled separately, which can save hardware and control costs, and has reliable operation. rate is low.

The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it should be pointed out that: for those skilled in the art, without departing from the principle of the present invention, several improvements and modifications can also be made, and these improvements and modifications are also It should be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A driving device of a seed or fertilizer discharging device is characterized by comprising a land wheel (1), a land wheel frame (21) and a rack connecting seat (22), wherein a transmission relation is formed between the land wheel (1) and a main shaft of the seed or fertilizer discharging device; the land wheel (1) is arranged on the land wheel frame (21), the rack connecting seat (22) is used for connecting a rack of agricultural machinery, and the land wheel frame (21) is rotatably arranged relative to the rack connecting seat (22); a pressure mechanism is arranged between the frame connecting seat (22) and the land wheel frame (21), and the pressure mechanism is used for keeping the land wheel (1) in contact with the ground.

2. The drive of a seed or fertilizer discharging device according to claim 1, characterized in that the pressure mechanism comprises a first spring (29), and the first spring (29) makes the land wheel (1) have a downward and downward movement tendency through the land wheel frame (21).

3. The driving device of the seed or fertilizer discharging device as claimed in claim 2, wherein the pressure mechanism comprises a first rotating shaft (25) and a second rotating shaft (26), the first rotating shaft (25) is mounted on the ground wheel frame (21), and the second rotating shaft (26) is connected with the frame connecting base (22);

the first rotating shaft (25) is connected with an adjusting seat (27), and the second rotating shaft (26) is provided with an adjusting screw rod (28) in a sliding manner; the head of the adjusting screw rod (28) is screwed into the adjusting seat (27), and the first spring (29) is arranged between the adjusting seat (27) and the second rotating shaft (26).

4. The driving device of a seed or fertilizer discharging device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the pressure mechanism is connected to the frame connecting base (22) through a transmission mechanism (24); a gear lever (23) is connected to the transmission mechanism (24), and the gear lever (23) can be switched back and forth between two positions relative to the rack connecting seat (22) so as to switch the land wheel (1) between a use state and a retracted state; in the using state, the land wheel (1) is contacted with the ground; in the retracted state, the land wheel (1) leaves the ground.

5. The driving device of a seed or fertilizer discharging device as claimed in claim 4, wherein the transmission mechanism (24) comprises a first rod part (241), a second rod part (242) and a third rod part (243), which form a four-bar linkage with the frame connecting seat (22), wherein the first rod part (241) and the third rod part (243) are both side-link rods; the gear lever (23) is fixed on the first lever part (241), and the third lever part (243) is connected with the ground wheel frame (21).

6. The driving device of a seed or fertilizer discharging device as claimed in claim 4, wherein the frame connecting seat (22) is provided with a sliding groove (221) for the movement of the shift lever (23) therein, and two ends of the sliding groove (221) are respectively provided with a retaining groove (222) for the insertion of the shift lever (23).

7. The driving device of a seed or fertilizer discharging device as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that a second spring (210) is arranged between the gear lever (23) and the frame connecting seat (22).

8. The drive of a seed or fertilizer discharging device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the ground wheel (1) establishes its driving relationship with the main shaft of the discharging device through a flexible shaft (3).

9. The driving device of the seed or fertilizer discharging device as claimed in claim 8, characterized in that a bevel gear set (4) is arranged between the rotating shaft of the land wheel (1) and the flexible shaft (3).

10. A driving device of a seed or fertilizer discharging device according to claim 1, characterized in that the peripheral circumferential array of the land wheel (1) is provided with a plurality of anti-slip blades (11).

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