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CN111439011B - High-strength flame-retardant plastic cover plate material for cable trench and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

High-strength flame-retardant plastic cover plate material for cable trench and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111439011B
CN111439011B CN202010139934.9A CN202010139934A CN111439011B CN 111439011 B CN111439011 B CN 111439011B CN 202010139934 A CN202010139934 A CN 202010139934A CN 111439011 B CN111439011 B CN 111439011B
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China
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parts
layer
following components
cover plate
retardant
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CN111439011A (en
Inventor
颜录科
吉凌仝
骆春佳
赖金星
陆钰铨
王朝杰
冯志华
许瑞宁
王书涛
罗燕平
文展
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Changan University
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Changan University
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Abstract

The invention provides a high-strength flame-retardant plastic cover plate material for a cable duct and a preparation method thereof, wherein the cover plate material sequentially comprises a flame-retardant layer, a first foaming layer, a base layer, a second foaming layer and a surface layer, and the cover plate is prepared by sequentially laminating and hot-pressing the flame-retardant layer, the first foaming layer, the base layer, the second foaming layer and the surface layer. The base layer is arranged for improving the strength of the cover plate, the impact resistance and the bending resistance of the cover plate are improved, the flame-retardant layer is arranged on the inner layer of the cover plate, and the flame-retardant performance and the heat-insulating performance of the cover plate are improved; the top layer can improve the ageing resistance, the temperature toleration and the wear resistance of apron, and first foaming layer and second foaming layer are located fire-retardant layer respectively simultaneously, the basic unit, between the top layer, can improve the three-layer cohesion, balance the stress between the three-layer, improve the bending resistance of apron material, improve the heat-proof quality of apron and make the more lightweight of high strength apron simultaneously. The cover plate has good mechanical properties, flame retardance, ageing resistance and the like.

Description

一种电缆沟用高强阻燃型塑料盖板材料及其制备方法A kind of high-strength flame-retardant plastic cover plate material for cable trench and preparation method thereof

技术领域technical field

本发明涉及一种电缆沟用高强阻燃型塑料盖板材料及其制备方法。The invention relates to a high-strength flame-retardant plastic cover plate material for cable trenches and a preparation method thereof.

背景技术Background technique

电缆槽盖板模具材质基本上就两种，ABS树脂颗粒和PP聚丙烯塑料,PP塑料(聚丙烯)是继尼龙之后发展的又一优良树脂品种，PP有良好的耐应力开裂性，有很高的弯曲疲劳寿命，俗称“百折胶”。ABS工程塑料即PC+ABS(工程塑料合金)，在化工业的中文名字叫塑料合金，ABS树脂颗粒一般是不透明的，外观呈浅象牙色、无毒、无味，兼有韧、硬、刚的特性，有极好的冲击强度、尺寸稳定性好的等优点。对于盖板的发展，依然追求更廉价，更轻质，更高强度以及更高阻燃性的需求。There are basically two kinds of mold materials for cable slot cover plates, ABS resin particles and PP polypropylene plastic. PP plastic (polypropylene) is another excellent resin variety developed after nylon. PP has good stress cracking resistance and is very High bending fatigue life, commonly known as "100% glue". ABS engineering plastic is PC+ABS (engineering plastic alloy). The Chinese name in the chemical industry is plastic alloy. ABS resin particles are generally opaque, light ivory, non-toxic, tasteless, and tough, hard and rigid. It has the advantages of excellent impact strength and good dimensional stability. For the development of cover plates, the demand for cheaper, lighter, higher strength and higher flame retardancy is still pursued.

发明内容SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

本发明提供了一种电缆沟用高强阻燃型塑料盖板材料及其制备方法，其中所述盖板材料依次包括阻燃层，第一发泡层，基层，第二发泡层和表层，所述盖板通过将阻燃层，第一发泡层，基层，第二发泡层和表层按顺序层叠热压制备得到。所述基层为提高盖板的强度设置，提高盖板的耐冲击性，耐弯折性，阻燃层设置在盖板的里层，提高盖板的阻燃性能以及隔热性能；所述表层能够提高盖板的耐老性，耐温性，以及耐磨性能，同时第一发泡层和第二发泡层分别位于阻燃层，基层，表层之间，能够提高三层的结合力，平衡三层之间的应力，提高盖板材料的抗弯性能，同时提高盖板的隔热性能以及使高强盖板更加的轻质化。本发明的盖板，具有良好的机械性能，阻燃性，耐老性等性能。The invention provides a high-strength flame-retardant plastic cover plate material for cable trenches and a preparation method thereof, wherein the cover plate material sequentially comprises a flame-retardant layer, a first foam layer, a base layer, a second foam layer and a surface layer, The cover plate is prepared by laminating the flame retardant layer, the first foaming layer, the base layer, the second foaming layer and the surface layer in sequence by hot pressing. The base layer is set to improve the strength of the cover plate, improve the impact resistance and bending resistance of the cover plate, and the flame retardant layer is arranged on the inner layer of the cover plate to improve the flame retardant performance and heat insulation performance of the cover plate; the surface layer It can improve the aging resistance, temperature resistance and wear resistance of the cover plate. At the same time, the first foam layer and the second foam layer are located between the flame retardant layer, the base layer and the surface layer, which can improve the bonding force of the three layers. Balance the stress between the three layers, improve the bending resistance of the cover material, improve the thermal insulation performance of the cover, and make the high-strength cover more lightweight. The cover plate of the invention has good mechanical properties, flame retardancy, aging resistance and other properties.

具体的方案如下：The specific plans are as follows:

一种电缆沟用高强阻燃型塑料盖板材料，其特征在于：所述盖板材料依次包括阻燃层，第一发泡层，基层，第二发泡层和表层，所述盖板通过将阻燃层，第一发泡层，基层，第二发泡层和表层按顺序层叠热压制备得到；所述阻燃层由以下组分组成：聚乙烯60-70份，硅烷偶联剂2-4份，纳米氢氧化铝40-44份，聚磷酸铵13-17份，聚乙烯醇5-7份、玻璃纤维22-28份、阻燃剂13-17份；所述阻燃剂由以下成分组成：碳酸氢钠4-8份、埃洛石纳米管3-6份、钛白粉0.5-2份、和季戊四醇双二甲基硅酸酯1-3份；A high-strength flame-retardant plastic cover plate material for cable trenches is characterized in that: the cover plate material sequentially comprises a flame-retardant layer, a first foam layer, a base layer, a second foam layer and a surface layer, and the cover plate passes through The flame retardant layer, the first foamed layer, the base layer, the second foamed layer and the surface layer are prepared by laminating and hot pressing in sequence; the flame retardant layer is composed of the following components: 60-70 parts of polyethylene, silane coupling agent 2-4 parts, nano aluminum hydroxide 40-44 parts, ammonium polyphosphate 13-17 parts, polyvinyl alcohol 5-7 parts, glass fiber 22-28 parts, flame retardant 13-17 parts; the flame retardant It is composed of the following components: 4-8 parts of sodium bicarbonate, 3-6 parts of halloysite nanotubes, 0.5-2 parts of titanium dioxide, and 1-3 parts of pentaerythritol bisdimethylsilicate;

所述第一发泡层由以下组分组成：聚丙烯70-80份，聚丙烯发泡剂4-6份，聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯5-7份，笼形倍半硅氧烷1-3份，环氧树脂6-8份，聚乙二醇3-5份，羧甲基纤维素4-6份，短碳纤维16-20份，聚乙烯辛烯共弹性体4-6份，滑石粉18-22份，硬脂酸钙6-10份，硅烷偶联剂13-17份，碳酸氢钠8-12份；The first foam layer is composed of the following components: 70-80 parts of polypropylene, 4-6 parts of polypropylene foaming agent, 5-7 parts of polymethyl methacrylate, 1- 3 parts, epoxy resin 6-8 parts, polyethylene glycol 3-5 parts, carboxymethyl cellulose 4-6 parts, short carbon fiber 16-20 parts, polyethylene octene co-elastomer 4-6 parts, talc 18-22 parts of powder, 6-10 parts of calcium stearate, 13-17 parts of silane coupling agent, 8-12 parts of sodium bicarbonate;

所述基层由以下组分组成：聚酰亚胺纤维33-37重量份，石墨烯/玻璃复合纤维25-35份，聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯18-22重量份，马来酸酐接枝聚乙烯10-15重量份，三异硬脂酸钛酸异丙酯1-3重量份，季戊四醇双二甲基硅酸酯1-3份和滑石粉4-6重量份；The base layer is composed of the following components: 33-37 parts by weight of polyimide fibers, 25-35 parts by weight of graphene/glass composite fibers, 18-22 parts by weight of polybutylene terephthalate, and 18-22 parts by weight of maleic anhydride. 10-15 parts by weight of branch polyethylene, 1-3 parts by weight of isopropyl triisostearate titanate, 1-3 parts by weight of pentaerythritol bisdimethylsilicate and 4-6 parts by weight of talc;

所述第二发泡层由以下组分组成：PVC树脂80-100份，CPVC粉15-25份，季戊四醇双二甲基硅酸酯4-6份，氧化镁6-10份，硅烷偶联剂6-10份、聚丙烯发泡剂25-30份，碳酸钙25-30份，和滑石粉10-20份；The second foam layer is composed of the following components: 80-100 parts of PVC resin, 15-25 parts of CPVC powder, 4-6 parts of pentaerythritol bisdimethylsilicate, 6-10 parts of magnesium oxide, silane coupling 6-10 parts of agent, 25-30 parts of polypropylene foaming agent, 25-30 parts of calcium carbonate, and 10-20 parts of talc;

所述表层由以下组分组成：聚乙烯35-45份，短玻璃纤维6-10份，氧化铝8-12份，马来酸酐与丙烯酸甲酯的共聚物4-8份，马来酸半酯2-4份，丙烯腈-苯乙烯-丁二烯共聚物1-3份，对苯二胺1-3份，硅烷偶联剂4-6份，紫外线吸收剂0.5-2份，和抗静电剂0.5-2份。The surface layer is composed of the following components: 35-45 parts of polyethylene, 6-10 parts of short glass fibers, 8-12 parts of alumina, 4-8 parts of copolymers of maleic anhydride and methyl acrylate, half of maleic acid. 2-4 parts of ester, 1-3 parts of acrylonitrile-styrene-butadiene copolymer, 1-3 parts of p-phenylenediamine, 4-6 parts of silane coupling agent, 0.5-2 parts of ultraviolet absorber, and anti- Static agent 0.5-2 copies.

进一步的，所述阻燃层由以下组分组成：聚乙烯65份，硅烷偶联剂3份，纳米氢氧化铝42份，聚磷酸铵15份，聚乙烯醇6份、玻璃纤维25份、阻燃剂15份；所述阻燃剂由以下成分组成：碳酸氢钠6份、埃洛石纳米管5份、钛白粉1份、和季戊四醇双二甲基硅酸酯2份。Further, the flame retardant layer is composed of the following components: 65 parts of polyethylene, 3 parts of silane coupling agent, 42 parts of nano aluminum hydroxide, 15 parts of ammonium polyphosphate, 6 parts of polyvinyl alcohol, 25 parts of glass fiber, 15 parts of flame retardant; the flame retardant consists of the following components: 6 parts of sodium bicarbonate, 5 parts of halloysite nanotubes, 1 part of titanium dioxide, and 2 parts of pentaerythritol bisdimethylsilicate.

进一步的，所述第一发泡层由以下组分组成：聚丙烯76份，聚丙烯发泡剂5份，聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯6份，笼形倍半硅氧烷2份，环氧树脂7份，聚乙二醇4份，羧甲基纤维素5份，短碳纤维18份，聚乙烯辛烯共弹性体5份，滑石粉20份，硬脂酸钙8份，硅烷偶联剂15份，碳酸氢钠10份；Further, the first foam layer is composed of the following components: 76 parts of polypropylene, 5 parts of polypropylene foaming agent, 6 parts of polymethyl methacrylate, 2 parts of clathrate silsesquioxane, epoxy resin 7 parts of resin, 4 parts of polyethylene glycol, 5 parts of carboxymethyl cellulose, 18 parts of short carbon fiber, 5 parts of polyethylene octene co-elastomer, 20 parts of talc, 8 parts of calcium stearate, silane coupling agent 15 parts, 10 parts sodium bicarbonate;

进一步的，所述基层由以下组分组成：聚酰亚胺纤维35重量份，石墨烯/玻璃复合纤维30份，聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯20重量份，马来酸酐接枝聚乙烯12重量份，三异硬脂酸钛酸异丙酯2重量份，季戊四醇双二甲基硅酸酯2份和滑石粉5重量份；Further, the base layer is composed of the following components: 35 parts by weight of polyimide fibers, 30 parts by weight of graphene/glass composite fibers, 20 parts by weight of polybutylene terephthalate, and maleic anhydride grafted polyethylene 12 parts by weight, 2 parts by weight of isopropyl titanate triisostearate, 2 parts by weight of pentaerythritol bisdimethylsilicate and 5 parts by weight of talc;

进一步的，所述第二发泡层由以下组分组成：PVC树脂90份，CPVC粉20份，季戊四醇双二甲基硅酸酯5份，氧化镁8份，硅烷偶联剂8份、聚丙烯发泡剂30份，碳酸钙30份，和滑石粉15份；Further, the second foam layer is composed of the following components: 90 parts of PVC resin, 20 parts of CPVC powder, 5 parts of pentaerythritol bisdimethylsilicate, 8 parts of magnesium oxide, 8 parts of silane coupling 30 parts of propylene foaming agent, 30 parts of calcium carbonate, and 15 parts of talc;

进一步的，所述表层由以下组分组成：聚乙烯40份、短玻璃纤维8份、氧化铝10份、马来酸酐与丙烯酸甲酯的共聚物6份、马来酸半酯3份、丙烯腈-苯乙烯-丁二烯共聚物2份、对苯二胺2份、硅烷偶联剂3份，紫外线吸收剂1份，和抗静电剂1份。Further, the surface layer is composed of the following components: 40 parts of polyethylene, 8 parts of short glass fibers, 10 parts of alumina, 6 parts of copolymers of maleic anhydride and methyl acrylate, 3 parts of maleic acid half-ester, propylene 2 parts of nitrile-styrene-butadiene copolymer, 2 parts of p-phenylenediamine, 3 parts of silane coupling agent, 1 part of ultraviolet absorber, and 1 part of antistatic agent.

进一步的，所述石墨烯/玻璃复合纤维由以下方法制备得到：(1)将微孔玻璃纤维与羧甲基纤维素钠混合再加入石墨烯，分散在丙酮中，搅拌均匀，转移到真空加热釜中，85摄氏度加压至30MPa，静置1h，过滤干燥，得到负载石墨烯的玻璃纤维；(2)将步骤(1)制得的负载石墨烯的玻璃纤维浸润在质量浓度为40％的硝酸钡溶液中浸渍1h，取出后移入质量浓度为20％的磷酸二氢铵溶液中，静置，在玻璃纤维的微孔中生成磷酸钡和磷酸氢钡结晶沉淀，从而将磷酸钡和磷酸氢钡粒子组装到玻璃纤维的内部孔隙中封装石墨烯，形成石墨烯/玻璃复合纤维。Further, the graphene/glass composite fiber is prepared by the following method: (1) mixing the microporous glass fiber with sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, adding graphene, dispersing in acetone, stirring evenly, and transferring to vacuum heating In the kettle, pressurize to 30MPa at 85 degrees Celsius, stand for 1h, filter and dry to obtain the graphene-loaded glass fiber; (2) infiltrate the graphene-loaded glass fiber obtained in step (1) in a 40% mass concentration of glass fiber; Immerse in barium nitrate solution for 1 hour, take it out and transfer it into ammonium dihydrogen phosphate solution with a mass concentration of 20%, let it stand, and generate barium phosphate and barium hydrogen phosphate crystal precipitation in the micropores of glass fiber, so as to separate barium phosphate and hydrogen phosphate Barium particles are assembled into the inner pores of glass fibers to encapsulate graphene, forming graphene/glass composite fibers.

进一步的，一种制备所述盖板材料的制备方法，其中包括分别将所述盖板的各层原料投入到双螺杆挤出机中，然后将熔体推进到换网器，然后到达分配器；所述分配器处理后的材料进入模具，然后到定型台定型，经牵引装置移送至冷却托架冷却，再经牵引装置移送至纵切锯纵切，再经横切锯平台横切，最后由输送平台移出，从而完成各层的成型，然后将按次序将各层依次层叠，热压，得到所述盖板。Further, a preparation method for preparing the cover plate material, which comprises respectively putting the raw materials of each layer of the cover plate into a twin-screw extruder, then pushing the melt to a screen changer, and then to a distributor ; The material processed by the distributor enters the mold, then goes to the shaping table for shaping, and is transferred to the cooling bracket by the traction device for cooling, and then transferred to the slitting saw for slitting by the drawing device, and then cross-cut by the cross-cutting saw platform. It is removed from the conveying platform to complete the forming of each layer, and then the layers are stacked in sequence and hot-pressed to obtain the cover plate.

对于各层的厚度没有特定要求，可以根据实际需要调整。There is no specific requirement for the thickness of each layer, which can be adjusted according to actual needs.

本发明具有如下有益效果：The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

1)、本发明的盖板通过将阻燃层，第一发泡层，基层，第二发泡层和表层按顺序层叠热压制备得到。所述基层提供盖板强度，提高盖板的耐冲击性，耐弯折性，阻燃层设置在盖板的里层，提高盖板的阻燃性能以及隔热性能；所述表层能够提高盖板的耐老性，耐温性，以及耐磨性能。1) The cover plate of the present invention is prepared by laminating the flame retardant layer, the first foam layer, the base layer, the second foam layer and the surface layer in order by hot pressing. The base layer provides the strength of the cover plate and improves the impact resistance and bending resistance of the cover plate. The aging resistance, temperature resistance, and wear resistance of the board.

2)、同时第一发泡层和第二发泡层分别位于阻燃层，基层，表层之间，能够提高三层的结合力，平衡阻燃层，基层和表层之间的应力，提高盖板材料的抗弯性能，同时提高盖板的隔热性能以及使高强盖板更加的轻质化。2) At the same time, the first foam layer and the second foam layer are respectively located between the flame retardant layer, the base layer and the surface layer, which can improve the bonding force of the three layers, balance the stress between the flame retardant layer, the base layer and the surface layer, and improve the cover. It can improve the bending resistance of the plate material, improve the thermal insulation performance of the cover plate and make the high-strength cover plate more lightweight.

3)、根据各层需求的不同，设置不同的组分，阻燃层具有较高的阻燃和隔温性能，基层具有较高的机械强度，而表层具有较高的耐温，耐老以及耐磨性能，三层复合使得复合板材的机械强度增强，并且提高板材的耐老型以及耐温性能。3) According to the different requirements of each layer, different components are set. The flame retardant layer has high flame retardant and temperature insulation properties, the base layer has high mechanical strength, and the surface layer has high temperature resistance, aging resistance and Wear resistance, the three-layer composite enhances the mechanical strength of the composite sheet, and improves the aging resistance and temperature resistance of the sheet.

4)、第一发泡层位于内侧，第二发泡层位于外侧，针对内外侧对于阻燃性能，温度，以及抗冲击性不同的需求，调整两个发泡层的组分，第一发泡层具有较高的隔温和阻燃性能，而第二发泡层具有较高弹性模量，可以缓解弯折导致的层间应力，并且具有较高的耐冲击性能。4) The first foam layer is located on the inside, and the second foam layer is located on the outside. According to the different requirements for flame retardancy, temperature, and impact resistance between the inside and outside, the components of the two foam layers are adjusted. The foam layer has high thermal insulation and flame retardant properties, while the second foam layer has a high elastic modulus, which can relieve the interlaminar stress caused by bending, and has high impact resistance.

具体实施方式Detailed ways

本发明下面将通过具体的实施例进行更详细的描述，但本发明的保护范围并不受限于这些实施例。The present invention will be described in more detail below through specific embodiments, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.

实施例Example

电缆沟用高强阻燃型塑料盖板材料，其特征在于：所述盖板材料依次包括阻燃层，第一发泡层，基层，第二发泡层和表层，所述盖板通过分别将所述盖板的各层原料投入到双螺杆挤出机中，然后将熔体推进到换网器，然后到达分配器；所述分配器处理后的材料进入模具，然后到定型台定型，经牵引装置移送至冷却托架冷却，再经牵引装置移送至纵切锯纵切，再经横切锯平台横切，最后由输送平台移出，从而完成各层的成型，然后将按次序将各层依次层叠，热压，得到所述盖板。The high-strength flame-retardant plastic cover plate material for cable trenches is characterized in that: the cover plate material sequentially includes a flame-retardant layer, a first foam layer, a base layer, a second foam layer and a surface layer, and the cover plate The raw materials of each layer of the cover plate are put into the twin-screw extruder, and then the melt is advanced to the screen changer, and then to the distributor; the material processed by the distributor enters the mold, and then goes to the setting table for setting, The traction device is transferred to the cooling bracket for cooling, and then transferred to the slitting saw for slitting by the traction device, then cross-cut by the cross-cutting saw platform, and finally removed from the conveying platform to complete the forming of each layer, and then the layers will be in sequence. Laminate in sequence and hot-press to obtain the cover plate.

阻燃层，第一发泡层，基层，第二发泡层和表层厚度分别为1mm。The thickness of the flame retardant layer, the first foam layer, the base layer, the second foam layer and the surface layer are respectively 1mm.

石墨烯/玻璃复合纤维由以下方法制备得到：(1)将微孔玻璃纤维与羧甲基纤维素钠混合再加入石墨烯，分散在丙酮中，搅拌均匀，转移到真空加热釜中，85摄氏度加压至30MPa，静置1h，过滤干燥，得到负载石墨烯的玻璃纤维；(2)将步骤(1)制得的负载石墨烯的玻璃纤维浸润在质量浓度为40％的硝酸钡溶液中浸渍1h，取出后移入质量浓度为20％的磷酸二氢铵溶液中，静置，在玻璃纤维的微孔中生成磷酸钡和磷酸氢钡结晶沉淀，从而将磷酸钡和磷酸氢钡粒子组装到玻璃纤维的内部孔隙中封装石墨烯，形成石墨烯/玻璃复合纤维。The graphene/glass composite fiber is prepared by the following method: (1) Mix the microporous glass fiber with sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, add graphene, disperse in acetone, stir evenly, transfer to a vacuum heating kettle, 85 degrees Celsius Pressurize to 30MPa, stand for 1h, filter and dry to obtain graphene-loaded glass fibers; (2) soak the graphene-loaded glass fibers obtained in step (1) in a barium nitrate solution with a mass concentration of 40%. 1h, take it out and transfer it into a 20% ammonium dihydrogen phosphate solution, let it stand, and generate barium phosphate and barium hydrogen phosphate crystal precipitation in the micropores of the glass fiber, so as to assemble the barium phosphate and barium hydrogen phosphate particles into the glass. Graphene is encapsulated in the inner pores of the fibers to form graphene/glass composite fibers.

实施例1Example 1

所述阻燃层由以下组分组成：聚乙烯60份，硅烷偶联剂2份，纳米氢氧化铝40份，聚磷酸铵13份，聚乙烯醇5份、玻璃纤维22份、阻燃剂13份；所述阻燃剂由以下成分组成：碳酸氢钠4份、埃洛石纳米管3份、钛白粉0.5份、和季戊四醇双二甲基硅酸酯1份；The flame retardant layer is composed of the following components: 60 parts of polyethylene, 2 parts of silane coupling agent, 40 parts of nano aluminum hydroxide, 13 parts of ammonium polyphosphate, 5 parts of polyvinyl alcohol, 22 parts of glass fiber, flame retardant 13 parts; the flame retardant is composed of the following components: 4 parts of sodium bicarbonate, 3 parts of halloysite nanotubes, 0.5 part of titanium dioxide, and 1 part of pentaerythritol bisdimethylsilicate;

所述第一发泡层由以下组分组成：聚丙烯70份，聚丙烯发泡剂4份，聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯5份，笼形倍半硅氧烷1份，环氧树脂6份，聚乙二醇3份，羧甲基纤维素4份，短碳纤维16份，聚乙烯辛烯共弹性体4份，滑石粉18份，硬脂酸钙6份，硅烷偶联剂13份，碳酸氢钠8份；The first foam layer is composed of the following components: 70 parts of polypropylene, 4 parts of polypropylene foaming agent, 5 parts of polymethyl methacrylate, 1 part of cage silsesquioxane, and 6 parts of epoxy resin , 3 parts of polyethylene glycol, 4 parts of carboxymethyl cellulose, 16 parts of short carbon fiber, 4 parts of polyethylene octene co-elastomer, 18 parts of talc, 6 parts of calcium stearate, 13 parts of silane coupling agent, 8 parts of sodium bicarbonate;

所述基层由以下组分组成：聚酰亚胺纤维33重量份，石墨烯/玻璃复合纤维25份，聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯18重量份，马来酸酐接枝聚乙烯10重量份，三异硬脂酸钛酸异丙酯1重量份，季戊四醇双二甲基硅酸酯1份和滑石粉4重量份；The base layer is composed of the following components: 33 parts by weight of polyimide fibers, 25 parts by weight of graphene/glass composite fibers, 18 parts by weight of polybutylene terephthalate, and 10 parts by weight of maleic anhydride grafted polyethylene , 1 part by weight of isopropyl triisostearate titanate, 1 part by weight of pentaerythritol bisdimethylsilicate and 4 parts by weight of talc;

所述第二发泡层由以下组分组成：PVC树脂80份，CPVC粉15份，季戊四醇双二甲基硅酸酯4份，氧化镁6份，硅烷偶联剂6份、聚丙烯发泡剂25份，碳酸钙25份，和滑石粉10份；The second foam layer is composed of the following components: 80 parts of PVC resin, 15 parts of CPVC powder, 4 parts of pentaerythritol bis-dimethylsilicate, 6 parts of magnesium oxide, 6 parts of silane coupling agent, polypropylene foam 25 parts of calcium carbonate, 25 parts of calcium carbonate, and 10 parts of talc;

所述表层由以下组分组成：聚乙烯35份，短玻璃纤维6份，氧化铝8份，马来酸酐与丙烯酸甲酯的共聚物4份，马来酸半酯2份，丙烯腈-苯乙烯-丁二烯共聚物1份，对苯二胺1份，硅烷偶联剂4份，紫外线吸收剂0.5份，和抗静电剂0.5份。The surface layer is composed of the following components: 35 parts of polyethylene, 6 parts of short glass fibers, 8 parts of alumina, 4 parts of copolymer of maleic anhydride and methyl acrylate, 2 parts of maleic acid half-ester, acrylonitrile-benzene 1 part of ethylene-butadiene copolymer, 1 part of p-phenylenediamine, 4 parts of silane coupling agent, 0.5 part of ultraviolet absorber, and 0.5 part of antistatic agent.

实施例2Example 2

所述阻燃层由以下组分组成：聚乙烯70份，硅烷偶联剂4份，纳米氢氧化铝44份，聚磷酸铵17份，聚乙烯醇7份、玻璃纤维28份、阻燃剂17份；所述阻燃剂由以下成分组成：碳酸氢钠8份、埃洛石纳米管6份、钛白粉2份、和季戊四醇双二甲基硅酸酯3份；The flame retardant layer is composed of the following components: 70 parts of polyethylene, 4 parts of silane coupling agent, 44 parts of nano aluminum hydroxide, 17 parts of ammonium polyphosphate, 7 parts of polyvinyl alcohol, 28 parts of glass fiber, flame retardant 17 parts; the flame retardant is composed of the following components: 8 parts of sodium bicarbonate, 6 parts of halloysite nanotubes, 2 parts of titanium dioxide, and 3 parts of pentaerythritol bisdimethylsilicate;

所述第一发泡层由以下组分组成：聚丙烯80份，聚丙烯发泡剂6份，聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯7份，笼形倍半硅氧烷3份，环氧树脂8份，聚乙二醇5份，羧甲基纤维素6份，短碳纤维20份，聚乙烯辛烯共弹性体6份，滑石粉22份，硬脂酸钙10份，硅烷偶联剂17份，碳酸氢钠12份；The first foam layer is composed of the following components: 80 parts of polypropylene, 6 parts of polypropylene foaming agent, 7 parts of polymethyl methacrylate, 3 parts of cage silsesquioxane, and 8 parts of epoxy resin , 5 parts of polyethylene glycol, 6 parts of carboxymethyl cellulose, 20 parts of short carbon fiber, 6 parts of polyethylene octene co-elastomer, 22 parts of talc, 10 parts of calcium stearate, 17 parts of silane coupling agent, 12 parts of sodium bicarbonate;

所述基层由以下组分组成：聚酰亚胺纤维37重量份，石墨烯/玻璃复合纤维35份，聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯22重量份，马来酸酐接枝聚乙烯15重量份，三异硬脂酸钛酸异丙酯3重量份，季戊四醇双二甲基硅酸酯3份和滑石粉6重量份；The base layer is composed of the following components: 37 parts by weight of polyimide fibers, 35 parts by weight of graphene/glass composite fibers, 22 parts by weight of polybutylene terephthalate, and 15 parts by weight of maleic anhydride grafted polyethylene , 3 parts by weight of isopropyl triisostearate titanate, 3 parts by weight of pentaerythritol bisdimethylsilicate and 6 parts by weight of talc;

所述第二发泡层由以下组分组成：PVC树脂100份，CPVC粉25份，季戊四醇双二甲基硅酸酯6份，氧化镁10份，硅烷偶联剂10份、聚丙烯发泡剂30份，碳酸钙30份，和滑石粉20份；The second foam layer is composed of the following components: 100 parts of PVC resin, 25 parts of CPVC powder, 6 parts of pentaerythritol bis-dimethyl silicate, 10 parts of magnesium oxide, 10 parts of silane coupling agent, polypropylene foam 30 parts of calcium carbonate, 30 parts of calcium carbonate, and 20 parts of talc;

所述表层由以下组分组成：聚乙烯45份，短玻璃纤维10份，氧化铝12份，马来酸酐与丙烯酸甲酯的共聚物8份，马来酸半酯4份，丙烯腈-苯乙烯-丁二烯共聚物3份，对苯二胺3份，硅烷偶联剂6份，紫外线吸收剂2份和抗静电剂2份。The surface layer is composed of the following components: 45 parts of polyethylene, 10 parts of short glass fibers, 12 parts of alumina, 8 parts of copolymer of maleic anhydride and methyl acrylate, 4 parts of maleic acid half-ester, acrylonitrile-benzene 3 parts of ethylene-butadiene copolymer, 3 parts of p-phenylenediamine, 6 parts of silane coupling agent, 2 parts of ultraviolet absorber and 2 parts of antistatic agent.

实施例3Example 3

所述阻燃层由以下组分组成：聚乙烯65份，硅烷偶联剂3份，纳米氢氧化铝42份，聚磷酸铵15份，聚乙烯醇6份、玻璃纤维25份、阻燃剂15份；所述阻燃剂包括：碳酸氢钠6份、埃洛石纳米管5份、钛白粉1份、和季戊四醇双二甲基硅酸酯2份。The flame retardant layer is composed of the following components: 65 parts of polyethylene, 3 parts of silane coupling agent, 42 parts of nano aluminum hydroxide, 15 parts of ammonium polyphosphate, 6 parts of polyvinyl alcohol, 25 parts of glass fiber, flame retardant 15 parts; the flame retardants include: 6 parts of sodium bicarbonate, 5 parts of halloysite nanotubes, 1 part of titanium dioxide, and 2 parts of pentaerythritol bisdimethylsilicate.

所述第一发泡层由以下组分组成：聚丙烯76份，聚丙烯发泡剂5份，聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯6份，笼形倍半硅氧烷2份，环氧树脂7份，聚乙二醇4份，羧甲基纤维素5份，短碳纤维18份，聚乙烯辛烯共弹性体5份，滑石粉20份，硬脂酸钙8份，硅烷偶联剂15份，碳酸氢钠10份；The first foam layer is composed of the following components: 76 parts of polypropylene, 5 parts of polypropylene foaming agent, 6 parts of polymethyl methacrylate, 2 parts of cage silsesquioxane, and 7 parts of epoxy resin , 4 parts of polyethylene glycol, 5 parts of carboxymethyl cellulose, 18 parts of short carbon fiber, 5 parts of polyethylene octene co-elastomer, 20 parts of talc, 8 parts of calcium stearate, 15 parts of silane coupling agent, 10 parts of sodium bicarbonate;

所述基层由以下组分组成：聚酰亚胺纤维35重量份，石墨烯/玻璃复合纤维30份，聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯20重量份，马来酸酐接枝聚乙烯12重量份，三异硬脂酸钛酸异丙酯2重量份，季戊四醇双二甲基硅酸酯2份和滑石粉5重量份；The base layer is composed of the following components: 35 parts by weight of polyimide fibers, 30 parts by weight of graphene/glass composite fibers, 20 parts by weight of polybutylene terephthalate, and 12 parts by weight of maleic anhydride grafted polyethylene , 2 parts by weight of isopropyl titanate triisostearate, 2 parts by weight of pentaerythritol bisdimethylsilicate and 5 parts by weight of talc;

所述第二发泡层由以下组分组成：PVC树脂90份，CPVC粉20份，季戊四醇双二甲基硅酸酯5份，氧化镁8份，硅烷偶联剂8份、聚丙烯发泡剂30份，碳酸钙30份，和滑石粉15份；The second foam layer is composed of the following components: 90 parts of PVC resin, 20 parts of CPVC powder, 5 parts of pentaerythritol bis-dimethylsilicate, 8 parts of magnesium oxide, 8 parts of silane coupling agent, polypropylene foam 30 parts of calcium carbonate, 30 parts of calcium carbonate, and 15 parts of talc;

所述表层由以下组分组成：聚乙烯40份、短玻璃纤维8份、氧化铝10份、马来酸酐与丙烯酸甲酯的共聚物6份、马来酸半酯3份、丙烯腈-苯乙烯-丁二烯共聚物2份、对苯二胺2份、硅烷偶联剂3份，紫外线吸收剂1份，和抗静电剂1份。The surface layer is composed of the following components: 40 parts of polyethylene, 8 parts of short glass fibers, 10 parts of alumina, 6 parts of copolymer of maleic anhydride and methyl acrylate, 3 parts of maleic acid half ester, acrylonitrile-benzene 2 parts of ethylene-butadiene copolymer, 2 parts of p-phenylenediamine, 3 parts of silane coupling agent, 1 part of ultraviolet absorber, and 1 part of antistatic agent.

测试及结果Tests and Results

拉伸性能测试：按ISO 527-2标准进行测试，拉伸速度为5mm/min。Tensile property test: test according to ISO 527-2 standard, the tensile speed is 5mm/min.

弯曲性能测试：按ISO 178标准进行测试,弯曲速度为2mm/min。Bending performance test: Test according to ISO 178 standard, the bending speed is 2mm/min.

抗翘曲变形能力按纵横收缩率比值，测试样板尺寸为150mm×100mm×5mm。The warpage resistance is calculated according to the ratio of longitudinal and transverse shrinkage, and the size of the test sample is 150mm×100mm×5mm.

抗冲击性能测试：按ISO 179标准进行测试,弯曲速度为2mm/minImpact resistance test: according to ISO 179 standard, the bending speed is 2mm/min

表1Table 1

Figure BDA0002398727700000101
Figure BDA0002398727700000101

本发明得到的盖板，各项参数均优于现有的盖板性能，并且具有更轻的质量，更好的隔温性能和阻燃性能。The cover plate obtained by the invention has better performance in all parameters than the existing cover plate, and has lighter weight, better temperature insulation performance and flame retardant performance.

尽管本发明的内容已经通过上述优选实施例作了详细介绍，但是应当认识到上述的描述不应被认为是对本发明的限制。While the content of the present invention has been described in detail through the above preferred embodiments, it should be appreciated that the above description should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

Claims (6)

1. The utility model provides a preparation method of fire-retardant type plastics apron material excels in for preparation cable ditch, the apron material includes fire-retardant layer, first foaming layer, basic unit, second foaming layer and top layer in proper order, the apron is through with fire-retardant layer, first foaming layer, basic unit, second foaming layer and top layer range upon range of hot pressing preparation in proper order and obtain, wherein specifically include: respectively putting the raw materials of each layer of the cover plate into a double-screw extruder, then pushing the melt into a screen changer, and then reaching a distributor; the material processed by the distributor enters a die, is shaped in a shaping table, is transferred to a cooling bracket through a traction device for cooling, is transferred to a slitting saw for slitting through the traction device, is transversely cut through a transverse cutting saw platform, and is moved out from a conveying platform, so that the forming of each layer is completed, and then the layers are sequentially laminated and hot-pressed in sequence to obtain the cover plate;
the flame-retardant layer consists of the following components: 60-70 parts of polyethylene, 2-4 parts of silane coupling agent, 40-44 parts of nano aluminum hydroxide, 13-17 parts of ammonium polyphosphate, 5-7 parts of polyvinyl alcohol, 22-28 parts of glass fiber and 13-17 parts of flame retardant; the flame retardant consists of the following components: 4-8 parts of sodium bicarbonate, 3-6 parts of halloysite nanotubes, 0.5-2 parts of titanium dioxide and 1-3 parts of pentaerythritol bisdimethylsilicate;
the first foamed layer consists of the following components: 70-80 parts of polypropylene, 4-6 parts of a polypropylene foaming agent, 5-7 parts of polymethyl methacrylate, 1-3 parts of cage-like silsesquioxane, 6-8 parts of epoxy resin, 3-5 parts of polyethylene glycol, 4-6 parts of carboxymethyl cellulose, 16-20 parts of short carbon fiber, 4-6 parts of polyethylene octene co-elastomer, 18-22 parts of talcum powder, 6-10 parts of calcium stearate, 13-17 parts of a silane coupling agent and 8-12 parts of sodium bicarbonate;
the base layer consists of the following components: 33-37 parts of polyimide fiber, 25-35 parts of graphene/glass composite fiber, 18-22 parts of polybutylene terephthalate, 10-15 parts of maleic anhydride grafted polyethylene, 1-3 parts of isopropyl triisostearate, 1-3 parts of pentaerythritol bis (dimethyl silicate) and 4-6 parts of talcum powder;
the second foamed layer consists of the following components: 80-100 parts of PVC resin, 15-25 parts of CPVC powder, 4-6 parts of pentaerythritol bisdimethylsilicate, 6-10 parts of magnesium oxide, 6-10 parts of silane coupling agent, 25-30 parts of polypropylene foaming agent, 25-30 parts of calcium carbonate and 10-20 parts of talcum powder;
the surface layer consists of the following components: 35-45 parts of polyethylene, 6-10 parts of short glass fiber, 8-12 parts of alumina, 4-8 parts of a copolymer of maleic anhydride and methyl acrylate, 2-4 parts of maleic half ester, 1-3 parts of acrylonitrile-styrene-butadiene copolymer, 1-3 parts of p-phenylenediamine, 4-6 parts of a silane coupling agent, 0.5-2 parts of an ultraviolet absorbent and 0.5-2 parts of an antistatic agent;
the graphene/glass composite fiber is prepared by the following method: (1) mixing the microporous glass fiber with sodium carboxymethylcellulose, adding graphene, dispersing in acetone, uniformly stirring, transferring to a vacuum heating kettle, pressurizing to 30MPa at 85 ℃, standing for 1h, filtering and drying to obtain graphene-loaded glass fiber; (2) soaking the graphene-loaded glass fiber prepared in the step (1) in a barium nitrate solution with the mass concentration of 40% for 1h, taking out the glass fiber, transferring the glass fiber into a ammonium dihydrogen phosphate solution with the mass concentration of 20%, standing, and generating barium phosphate and barium hydrogen phosphate crystal precipitates in micropores of the glass fiber, so that barium phosphate and barium hydrogen phosphate particles are assembled in internal pores of the glass fiber to encapsulate graphene, thereby forming the graphene/glass composite fiber.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein: the flame-retardant layer consists of the following components: 65 parts of polyethylene, 3 parts of a silane coupling agent, 42 parts of nano aluminum hydroxide, 15 parts of ammonium polyphosphate, 6 parts of polyvinyl alcohol, 25 parts of glass fiber and 15 parts of a flame retardant; the flame retardant consists of the following components: 6 parts of sodium bicarbonate, 5 parts of halloysite nanotubes, 1 part of titanium dioxide and 2 parts of pentaerythritol dimethyl disilicate.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein: the first foamed layer consists of the following components: 76 parts of polypropylene, 5 parts of polypropylene foaming agent, 6 parts of polymethyl methacrylate, 2 parts of cage-like silsesquioxane, 7 parts of epoxy resin, 4 parts of polyethylene glycol, 5 parts of carboxymethyl cellulose, 18 parts of short carbon fiber, 5 parts of polyethylene octene co-elastomer, 20 parts of talcum powder, 8 parts of calcium stearate, 15 parts of silane coupling agent and 10 parts of sodium bicarbonate.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein: the base layer consists of the following components: 35 parts of polyimide fiber, 30 parts of graphene/glass composite fiber, 20 parts of polybutylene terephthalate, 12 parts of maleic anhydride grafted polyethylene, 2 parts of isopropyl triisostearate, 2 parts of pentaerythritol bisdimethyl silicate and 5 parts of talcum powder.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein: the second foamed layer consists of the following components: 90 parts of PVC resin, 20 parts of CPVC powder, 5 parts of pentaerythritol bis (dimethyl silicate), 8 parts of magnesium oxide, 8 parts of a silane coupling agent, 30 parts of a polypropylene foaming agent, 30 parts of calcium carbonate and 15 parts of talcum powder.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein: the surface layer consists of the following components: 40 parts of polyethylene, 8 parts of short glass fiber, 10 parts of alumina, 6 parts of a copolymer of maleic anhydride and methyl acrylate, 3 parts of maleic half ester, 2 parts of acrylonitrile-styrene-butadiene copolymer, 2 parts of p-phenylenediamine, 3 parts of a silane coupling agent, 1 part of an ultraviolet absorbent and 1 part of an antistatic agent.
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Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN204809817U (en) * 2015-07-30 2015-11-25 张宪良 Hollow apron of cable pit combined material
CN106926426A (en) * 2017-05-02 2017-07-07 李云全 Two-shipper coextrusion prepares the device and method thereof of plastic formwork
CN109294091A (en) * 2018-09-26 2019-02-01 成都新柯力化工科技有限公司 A kind of the graphene flame-retardant master batch and preparation method of reinforced nylon66

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