CN118774819A - A method for recreating the environment of non-explosive continuous mining in a hard rock deposit with a downward stratified approach - Google Patents

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of non-explosive mining, in particular to a method for reconstructing a hard rock deposit downward layered approach non-explosive continuous mining environment. By combining stoping conditions of a first layered and an adjacent second layered, arranging horizontal large-diameter advanced pre-splitting holes corresponding to the first layered and the second layered, performing multi-cycle pre-splitting based on the horizontal large-diameter advanced pre-splitting holes, and performing high-efficiency intermittent stoping by using a fully-mechanized coal mining machine after pre-splitting; based on each distributed control parameter of the advanced vertical pre-splitting holes of the adjacent layers and the room space formed after the first layered stoping No.1 room is finished, a high-efficiency tunneling and cutting environment of the two-layer fully-mechanized coal mining machine is created, so that the downward layered approach non-explosion continuous high-efficiency mining of the hard rock deposit is carried out on the premise of controlling the disturbance of the ore rocks of the layered rooms and the stability of the highwall. The method aims at solving the problem of how to conduct downward layered approach non-explosive continuous mining on the hard rock deposit.

Description

A method for recreating the environment of non-explosive continuous mining in a hard rock deposit with a downward stratified approach

Technical Field

The present application relates to the technical field of non-explosive mining, and in particular to a method for recreating a non-explosive continuous mining environment in a downward layered approach of a hard rock deposit.

Background Art

With the continuous development of mineral resources, the mining depth of more than one-third of my country's metal mines will exceed 1,000 meters in the next ten years, and some will even exceed 2,000 meters. In the deep-well mining environment exceeding 1,000 meters, it is easy to encounter the special mining situation of "three highs and one disturbance" of high ground stress, high permeability ground pressure, high ground temperature and strong mining disturbance. In order to ensure the safety of the mining process, non-explosive mining technology is usually required in the deep-well mining process. However, the current non-explosive mining technology has great difficulties in deep excavation of hard rock deposits such as hard rock metal mines with relatively hard texture.

In the relevant technical solutions, for deep non-explosive mining of hard rock metal mines, a multi-purpose excavator is usually used to enter the deep mine for excavation. However, due to the high strength of the ore rock inside the hard rock metal mine, the multi-purpose excavator has the problem of low excavation construction efficiency during the actual mining process. Therefore, a mining environment reconstruction method is needed to transform the geological environment of the ore body, so as to meet the safety and efficiency requirements during deep mining.

The above contents are only used to assist in understanding the technical solution of the present application and do not constitute an admission that the above contents are prior art.

Summary of the invention

The main purpose of the present application is to provide a method for recreating a non-explosive continuous mining environment for a hard rock deposit in a downward stratified approach, aiming to solve the problem of how to perform non-explosive continuous mining for a hard rock deposit in a downward stratified approach.

To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present application provides a method for recreating a non-explosive continuous mining environment in a downward layered approach of a hard rock deposit, the method comprising:

Divide the hard rock metal deposit into a first layer and a second layer adjacent to and located below the first layer according to a preset height difference, and perform cross-arrangement of the first layer and the second layer ore rooms for mining layer by layer;

Determine the arrangement parameters of the horizontal large-diameter advance pre-splitting holes in the first layer ore room and the advance vertical pre-splitting holes corresponding to the second layer according to the mining conditions of the ore room obtained by cross-arranging the first layer and the second layer layer by layer;

Determine the location of at least one chamber in the first layer according to the horizontal large-diameter advance pre-splitting hole, and perform cyclic advance pre-splitting on the first layer based on the determined chamber location, and use a fully-mechanized excavator to recover the chamber after pre-splitting;

When mining of the No. 1 ore room with the highest pre-splitting order is completed, the excavation area of the second layer is mined in stages based on the space obtained by mining the No. 1 ore room and the hole arrangement parameters of the advanced vertical pre-splitting holes in the corresponding area of the second layer;

Continue to mine other rooms in the first layer chamber, during which the position of at least one lower chamber in the second layer is determined based on the horizontal large-diameter advance pre-splitting hole corresponding to the second layer and the excavation area, and based on the position of the lower chamber and the hole arrangement parameters of the advance vertical pre-splitting hole corresponding to the position of the lower chamber, cyclic advance pre-splitting is performed, the chamber formed after pre-splitting is leveled, and then the leveled chamber is cemented and filled;

After all the ore rooms in the first layer have been mined and the pre-cracking and cementation filling of the ore rooms in the second layer have been completed, the second layer is taken as the first layer and the above-mentioned mining environment reconstruction steps are repeated except for determining the horizontal large-diameter pre-cracking step.

Optionally, the step of determining the hole arrangement parameters of the horizontal large-diameter advance pre-splitting holes of the first layer and the second layer, and the advance vertical pre-splitting holes corresponding to the adjacent layers according to the mining conditions of the first layer and the second layer corresponding to the first layer comprises:

Based on the first layer and the ore body characteristics of the first layer determined in the cross-arrangement layer-by-layer mining process, respectively determining the mining conditions of the first ore chamber corresponding to the first layer and the mining conditions of the second ore chamber corresponding to the second layer;

Determine the ore and rock properties and cross-sectional dimensions of the first layer according to the mining conditions of the first chamber, select a cross-sectional slotting position based on the ore and rock properties and the cross-sectional dimensions, and blast at the cross-sectional slotting position based on preset blasting parameters to form the horizontal large-diameter advance pre-splitting hole;

After the mining of the No. 1 chamber of the first layer based on the horizontal large-diameter advance pre-splitting hole is completed, according to the ore rock characteristics in the No. 1 chamber and the mining situation of the second chamber, the width of the chamber for mining the ore body in the second layer, the layer height of the chamber, the width direction of the chamber, the length direction of the chamber and the minimum resistance line of the ore rock are determined;

The width of the ore body recovery mining chamber, the layer height of the mining chamber, the width direction of the mining chamber, the length direction of the mining chamber and the minimum resistance line of the ore rock are determined as the hole arrangement parameters of the advanced vertical pre-splitting holes.

Optionally, the horizontal large-diameter advance pre-splitting hole is a medium-depth hole with a depth greater than 12 m constructed at the cross-section cut position of the first layered recovery mining chamber.

Optionally, the preset cutting position is one third of the tunnel height, and the diameter of the medium-deep hole is 100 mm.

Optionally, the advanced vertical pre-splitting hole is a vertical slot hole constructed for layered mining under the floor of the mine room after creating a working space in the first layer or subsequent layer mine room.

Optionally, the hole arrangement parameters include arrangement position, hole arrangement depth, charge amount and hole pitch number, the hole arrangement parameters of the space obtained by mining in the No. 1 mining room and the advanced vertical pre-splitting hole corresponding to the second layer, and the step of mining the cutting area of the second layer in stages includes:

The middle of the width direction of the recovery chamber of the second layer ore body is used as the layout position of the advanced vertical pre-splitting hole, the layer height of the chamber in the second layer is used as the layout depth of the advanced vertical pre-splitting hole, the charge amount of the advanced vertical pre-splitting hole is determined based on the width direction of the chamber in the second layer and the minimum resistance line of the ore rock, and the number of hole steps of the advanced vertical pre-splitting hole is determined based on the length direction of the chamber and the minimum resistance line of the ore rock;

Based on the hole arrangement positions, the hole arrangement depths, the charge amount and the number of hole pitches of the advanced vertical pre-splitting holes, the cutting area is mined in stages for the second layer.

Optionally, the step of cross-arranging the first layer and the second layer ore rooms for mining layer by layer specifically includes:

The first layer is mined vertically along the ore body strike, while the second layer is mined vertically along the ore body strike.

This application has at least the following beneficial effects:

1. Through the overall planning and design of the mine room and the combination of horizontal and vertical advance pre-splitting holes, safe, efficient and continuous non-explosive mining in hard rock metal mines can be achieved;

2. Combined with the mining conditions of the first layer and the adjacent second layer, horizontal large-diameter advance pre-splitting holes corresponding to the first layer and the second layer are arranged, and multi-cycle pre-splitting is carried out based on the horizontal large-diameter advance pre-splitting holes. After pre-splitting, a fully-mechanized excavator is used for efficient intermittent mining, thereby realizing uninterrupted and continuous mining in the downward stratification process of the hard rock deposit;

3. Based on the various control parameters of the advanced vertical pre-cracking holes in the adjacent layers and the mine room space formed after the first layer mining of the No. 1 mine room is completed, an efficient excavation and cutting environment for the second-layer comprehensive excavation machine is created, so that non-explosive continuous and efficient mining of the hard rock deposit can be carried out in the downward layered approach under the premise of controlling the ore and rock disturbance in the layered mine room and the stability of the side walls.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG1 is a flow chart of a first embodiment of a method for recreating a non-explosive continuous mining environment in a downward stratified approach of a hard rock deposit according to the present application;

FIG2 is a schematic plan view of the layout of the horizontal large-diameter advance pre-splitting holes in the layers during the non-explosive continuous mining process of the downward layered approach of the hard rock deposit involved in the embodiment of the present application;

3 is a schematic plan view of the layout positions of the advance vertical pre-splitting holes of the layers in the non-explosive continuous mining process of the downward layered approach of the hard rock deposit according to the embodiment of the present application;

FIG4 is a flow chart of a second embodiment of a method for recreating a non-explosive continuous mining environment in a downward layered approach of a hard rock deposit according to the present application.

The realization of the purpose, functional features and advantages of this application will be further explained in conjunction with embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

In order to better understand the above technical solution, exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Although exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure are shown in the accompanying drawings, it should be understood that the present disclosure can be implemented in various forms and should not be limited by the embodiments described herein. On the contrary, these embodiments are provided to enable a more thorough understanding of the present disclosure and to fully convey the scope of the present disclosure to those skilled in the art.

First embodiment

1 , in a first embodiment, the method for recreating a non-explosive continuous mining environment in a downward layered approach of a hard rock deposit comprises the following steps:

Step S10, dividing the hard rock metal ore deposit into a first layer and a second layer adjacent to the first layer and located below the first layer according to a preset height difference, and performing cross-arrangement of the first layer and the second layer ore rooms for mining layer by layer;

In this embodiment, first, two layers of the hard rock metal deposit are selected based on the preset height difference for cross-arrangement and layer-by-layer mining. The layer with a height difference from the lower edge of the deposit surface to the layer that meets the preset height difference is taken as the first layer, and the layer with the same height as the first layer but adjacent to and below the first layer is taken as the second layer.

Optionally, the preset height difference is normally 4 to 5 meters for the mine chamber recovery layer height agreed upon by the mining method; it also needs to be determined based on the size and external dimensions of the non-explosive continuous mining equipment and comprehensively considers the production operation safety clearance and ease of use, and generally shall not be less than the equipment size plus the minimum operation safety clearance.

Specifically, the specific steps for how to cross-arrange the first layer and the second layer mining rooms and mine them layer by layer can be: the first layer is mined vertically along the direction of the ore body, and the second layer is mined vertically along the direction of the ore body.

Step S20, determining the arrangement parameters of the horizontal large-diameter advance pre-splitting holes in the first layer ore room and the advance vertical pre-splitting holes corresponding to the second layer according to the mining conditions of the ore room obtained by cross-arranging the first layer and the second layer layer by layer;

In this embodiment, after the first and second layer chambers are cross-arranged and mined layer by layer, the hole arrangement parameters of the horizontal large-diameter advance pre-splitting holes in the first layer chamber and the advance vertical pre-splitting holes corresponding to the second layer are determined according to the mining conditions of the chambers obtained.

Each horizontal large-diameter advance pre-splitting hole serves as the pre-splitting position of each chamber in the first layer, that is, a corresponding amount of explosives is placed in the advance pre-splitting hole for pre-splitting blasting.

It should be noted that the non-explosive continuous mining referred to in this embodiment does not mean that explosive blasting is not used at all, but that large-scale and large-scale explosives are not used for mining and blasting of hard rock deposits, and only a small dose of explosives is used for pre-splitting blasting in the set pre-splitting holes.

For example, reference is made to FIG2 which shows a schematic plan view of the layout of horizontal large-diameter advance pre-splitting holes in a layer during non-explosive continuous mining in a downward layered approach of a hard rock deposit.

In this embodiment, the advanced vertical pre-splitting hole is a vertical slot hole constructed for layered mining under the floor of the mine room after creating an operating space in the first layer or subsequent layer mine room. The advanced vertical pre-splitting hole is used to mine the mine room of the second layer, and the mining of the lower layer mine room is carried out based on the hole arrangement parameters of the advanced vertical pre-splitting hole. Firstly, the first layer mine room creates sufficient conditions for the reconstruction of the mining environment of the lower layer mine room, and the downhole advanced splitting can be realized to create the hard rock environment reconstruction conditions; secondly, the design process considers the mining design of the adjacent next layer mine room in advance, realizes the control of the boundary of the adjacent next layer mine room, and provides the guidance position of the advanced shallow hole splitting in advance; thirdly, the advanced shallow hole blasting design fully obtains the minimum resistance line of the key blasting parameters based on the ore and rock properties, and the designed charge amount and charge step distance are strictly controlled within the range of the minimum resistance line of the ore and rock, so that the ore rock disturbance and the side wall stability of the lower layer mine room can be controlled.

Optionally, the mining chamber recovery conditions include the ore body recovery chamber width, the layered height of the chamber, the width direction of the chamber, the length direction of the chamber and the minimum resistance line of the ore rock; wherein the above-mentioned chamber recovery conditions are related to the hole layout parameters of the advance vertical pre-cracking holes.

For example, reference is made to FIG3 which shows a schematic plan view of the layout positions of the advance vertical pre-splitting holes of the layers in the process of non-explosive continuous mining of the downward layered approach of a hard rock deposit.

As a specific implementation method, the horizontal large-diameter advance pre-splitting hole is a medium-depth hole with a depth greater than 12m constructed at the cross-section groove position of the first layered mining chamber. The preset groove position is one-third of the tunnel height, and the diameter of the medium-depth hole is 100mm.

Step S30, determining the position of at least one chamber in the first layer according to the horizontal large-diameter advance pre-splitting hole, and performing cyclic advance pre-splitting on the first layer based on the determined chamber position, and using a fully-mechanized excavator to recover the chamber after pre-splitting;

In this embodiment, after determining the hole arrangement parameters of the horizontal large-diameter advance pre-splitting holes of the first layer chamber and the advance vertical pre-splitting holes corresponding to the second layer, at least one chamber position in the first layer is determined according to the horizontal large-diameter advance pre-splitting holes. That is, a small dose of explosives that meets the preset explosive conditions is put into each horizontal large-diameter advance pre-splitting hole, and a rough chamber position can be formed after blasting. After a chamber position is formed, the same dose of explosives is put into the next horizontal large-diameter advance pre-splitting hole for blasting to form the next chamber, until each horizontal large-diameter advance pre-splitting hole is blasted and pre-splitting to form a corresponding chamber position, and then a comprehensive excavator is used to carry out chamber mining at the formed rough chamber position.

Step S40, after mining of the No. 1 ore room with the highest pre-splitting order is completed, mining the cutting area of the second layer in stages based on the space obtained by mining the No. 1 ore room and the hole arrangement parameters of the advanced vertical pre-splitting holes in the area corresponding to the second layer;

In this embodiment, each horizontal large-diameter advance pre-splitting hole is blasted according to the pre-splitting sequence, and the first blasted mine room is marked as mine room 1, and the mine rooms blasted subsequently are marked as mine room 2, mine room 3, and so on. When the mining of mine room 1, which has the highest priority in the pre-splitting sequence, is completed, there is no need to wait for the mining of the mine rooms with subsequent numbers to be completed. Downward mining is then carried out in the space obtained by mining in mine room 1 according to the hole arrangement parameters of the advance vertical pre-splitting holes, thereby mining the excavation area of the second layer.

It should be noted that the traditional downward mining method requires that all the ore rooms in the first layer, which is the previous layer, be mined before the next layer can be mined, so as to ensure the safety and stability of the mining process. The advanced vertical pre-crack holes in this application are set based on the disturbance of the ore and rock in the layered ore rooms. Therefore, the next layer can be mined after the mining of ore room No. 1 is completed.

Step S50, continue to recover the other rooms in the first layer chamber, in this process, based on the horizontal large-diameter advance pre-splitting hole corresponding to the second layer and the cutting area, determine the position of at least one lower chamber in the second layer, and perform cyclic advance pre-splitting based on the position of the lower chamber, level the chamber formed after pre-splitting, and then perform cementation filling on the leveled chamber;

In this embodiment, regardless of whether the step of excavating the second layer in the area formed by the mining of the No. 1 mining room in step S40 is completed, the mining of other rooms in the first layer mining room in this step can continue. As long as the mining is completed to form an excavable area, the next layer can be mined in the mining room.

For example, after the mining of No. 2 mining room is completed, regardless of whether the excavation area of the second layer below No. 1 mining room is completed, the construction team can carry out downward advanced pre-splitting mining in the space obtained by mining in No. 2 mining room according to the hole layout parameters of the advanced vertical pre-splitting holes if there are enough miners, thereby improving the mining efficiency in the non-explosive continuous mining process of the downward layered approach.

In addition, in this step, the mine room formed after pre-cracking needs to be leveled, and then the leveled mine room is cemented and filled to reinforce the mine room.

In this embodiment, the cementitious filling adopts a single-slurry cementitious filling material, which is made by using fast-hardening sulfoaluminate cement clinker as the basic cementitious activation material, quicklime as the activator, and adding a large amount of industrial waste slag through grinding. The single-slurry cementitious filling material is filled in the inner wall of the mine room to form reinforcement.

Step S60, after all the ore rooms in the first layer have been mined and the pre-cracking and cementation filling of the ore rooms in the second layer have been completed, the second layer is taken as the first layer, and the above-mentioned mining environment reconstruction steps except for determining the horizontal large-diameter pre-cracking step are repeated.

In this embodiment, after step S50, after all the mine rooms of the first layer have been mined and the advance pre-cracking and cementation filling of the mine room of the second layer have been completed, if it is still necessary to mine the next layer, the second layer will be taken as the first layer, and the hole layout parameters of the advance vertical pre-cracking holes corresponding to the next layer (that is, the third layer) will be determined, and the second layer will be repeatedly pre-cracking in a cycle. After pre-cracking, the mine rooms will be mined by a comprehensive excavator, and after mining, in the No. 1 mine room with the highest priority in the pre-cracking sequence in the second layer, based on the hole layout parameters of the advance vertical pre-cracking holes in the corresponding area of the third layer, the excavation area of the third layer will be mined in stages on the basis of controlling the ore and rock disturbance of the mine room in the lower layer and the stability of the side walls.

Regardless of whether the excavation area of the third layer has been completed, the other rooms in the second layer mine room will continue to be mined. In this process, based on the horizontal large-diameter advance pre-cracking hole corresponding to the third layer and the excavation area, the position of at least one lower mine room in the third layer is determined, and based on the position of the lower mine room and the hole layout parameters of the advance vertical pre-cracking holes corresponding to the position of the lower mine room, cyclic advance pre-cracking is carried out, the mine room formed after the pre-cracking is leveled, and then the leveled mine room is cemented and filled, and the cycle is repeated.

In the technical solution provided in this embodiment, combined with the mining conditions of the first layer and the adjacent second layer, horizontal large-diameter advance pre-splitting holes corresponding to the first layer and the second layer are arranged, multi-cycle pre-splitting is carried out based on the horizontal large-diameter advance pre-splitting holes, and efficient intermittent mining is carried out using a comprehensive excavation machine after pre-splitting, thereby realizing uninterrupted continuous mining in the downward stratification process of the hard rock deposit; at the same time, based on the various control parameters of the advanced vertical pre-splitting holes of the adjacent layers, and the mine room space formed after the mining of the first layer No. 1 mine room is completed, an efficient excavation and cutting environment for the two-layer comprehensive excavation machine is created, thereby carrying out non-explosive continuous and efficient mining of the downward stratified approach of the hard rock deposit under the premise of controlling the disturbance of the ore and rock in the lower layer mine room and the stability of the side walls.

Second embodiment

Based on the description in the first embodiment, in this embodiment, referring to FIG. 4 , step S20 includes:

Step S21, based on the first layer and the ore body characteristics of the first layer determined in the cross-arrangement layer-by-layer mining process, respectively determine the mining conditions of the first ore chamber corresponding to the first layer and the mining conditions of the second ore chamber corresponding to the second layer;

Step S22, determining the ore rock properties and cross-sectional dimensions of the first layer according to the mining conditions of the first chamber, selecting a cross-sectional slotting position based on the ore rock properties and the cross-sectional dimensions, and blasting at the cross-sectional slotting position based on preset blasting parameters to form the horizontal large-diameter advance pre-splitting hole;

Step S23, after the mining of the No. 1 chamber of the first layer is completed based on the horizontal large-diameter advance pre-splitting hole, the width of the chamber for recovering the ore body in the second layer, the layer height of the chamber, the width direction of the chamber, the length direction of the chamber and the minimum resistance line of the ore rock are determined according to the ore and rock characteristics in the No. 1 chamber and the mining situation of the second chamber;

Step S24, determining the width of the ore body recovery mining chamber, the layer height of the mining chamber, the width direction of the mining chamber, the length direction of the mining chamber and the minimum resistance line of the ore rock as the hole arrangement parameters of the advanced vertical pre-splitting hole.

Optionally, in this embodiment, the ore body characteristics include ore body properties, ore body morphology, ore body size, ore body occurrence, ore body lithology, ore grade, ore body structure, ore body hydrogeological conditions and ore body boundaries, which can be used to determine the characteristics of the mining chamber. How to determine the mining chamber recovery situation based on the ore body characteristics is not the focus of the disclosure of this application.

In this embodiment, the cross-section slot position is selected according to the ore rock properties and cross-section size in the mining situation, and blasting is performed at the cross-section slot position based on preset blasting parameters to form the horizontal large-diameter advance pre-splitting hole. The preset blasting parameters are characterized by blasting parameters corresponding to a small dose of explosives. The small dose of explosives is placed at the cross-section slot position for blasting, thereby forming a horizontal large-diameter advance pre-splitting hole.

Based on the space formed after the horizontal large-diameter advance pre-splitting hole blasting, a comprehensive excavator is used to recover the No. 1 mine room in the first layer. After the recovery is completed, the width of the recovery mine room of the ore body in the No. 1 mine room in the second layer, the layer height of the mine room, the width direction of the mine room, the length direction of the mine room and the minimum resistance line of the ore rock are determined, and the width of the recovery mine room of the ore body, the layer height of the mine room, the width direction of the mine room, the length direction of the mine room and the minimum resistance line of the ore rock are determined as the hole layout parameters of the advance vertical pre-splitting hole.

Furthermore, in the present embodiment, the hole layout parameters include layout position, hole layout depth, charge amount and hole pitch number, the middle of the width direction of the mining room is taken as the layout position of the advance vertical pre-cracking hole, the layer height of the mining room in the second layer is taken as the hole layout depth of the advance vertical pre-cracking hole, the charge amount of the advance vertical pre-cracking hole is determined based on the width direction of the mining room in the second layer and the minimum resistance line of the ore rock, and the hole pitch number of the advance vertical pre-cracking hole is determined based on the length direction of the mining room and the minimum resistance line of the ore rock.

Based on the above-mentioned hole arrangement parameters, the second layer is mined in stages to reduce the disturbance of the ore and rock in the lower layer ore room and to excavate the excavation area under the No. 1 ore room on the premise of improving the stability of the side walls.

It should be noted that the same applies to the hole layout parameters of the advanced vertical pre-splitting holes in the relatively later mine rooms such as the No. 2 mine room and the No. 3 mine room and the mining of the excavation area below the mine rooms.

In the technical solution provided in this embodiment, the middle of the width direction of the mining room is used as the layout position of the advance vertical pre-splitting hole, and the layer height of the mining room in the second layer is used as the layout depth of the advance vertical pre-splitting hole. The charging amount of the advance vertical pre-splitting hole is determined based on the width direction of the mining room in the second layer and the minimum resistance line of the ore rock, and the number of hole steps of the advance vertical pre-splitting hole is determined based on the length direction of the mining room and the minimum resistance line of the ore rock. This reduces the disturbance of the ore rock in the lower layer mining room, improves the stability of the side wall, and excavates the excavation area on the lower side of the mining room, thereby ensuring the mining safety while non-explosive continuous mining of the downward layered approach of the hard rock deposit.

It should be noted that in the claims, any reference signs placed between brackets shall not be construed as limiting the claims. The word "comprising" does not exclude the presence of components or steps not listed in the claims. The word "a" or "an" preceding a component does not exclude the presence of a plurality of such components. The present application may be implemented by means of hardware comprising several different components and by means of a suitably programmed computer. In a unit claim enumerating several means, several of these means may be embodied by the same item of hardware. The use of the words first, second, and third etc. does not indicate any order. These words may be interpreted as names.

Although the preferred embodiments of the present application have been described, those skilled in the art may make additional changes and modifications to these embodiments once they have learned the basic creative concept. Therefore, the appended claims are intended to be interpreted as including the preferred embodiments and all changes and modifications falling within the scope of the present application.

Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications to the present application without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application. Thus, if these modifications and variations of the present application fall within the scope of the claims of the present application and their equivalents, the present application is also intended to include these modifications and variations.

Claims (7)

1. A method for recreating the non-explosive continuous mining environment in a hard rock deposit downward layered approach, characterized in that the method comprises the following steps: Divide the hard rock metal deposit into a first layer and a second layer adjacent to and located below the first layer according to a preset height difference, and perform cross-arrangement of the first layer and the second layer ore rooms for mining layer by layer; Determine the arrangement parameters of the horizontal large-diameter advance pre-splitting holes in the first layer ore room and the advance vertical pre-splitting holes corresponding to the second layer according to the mining conditions of the ore room obtained by cross-arranging the first layer and the second layer layer by layer; Determine the location of at least one chamber in the first layer according to the horizontal large-diameter advance pre-splitting hole, and perform cyclic advance pre-splitting on the first layer based on the determined chamber location, and use a fully-mechanized excavator to recover the chamber after pre-splitting; When mining of the No. 1 ore room with the highest pre-splitting order is completed, the excavation area of the second layer is mined in stages based on the space obtained by mining the No. 1 ore room and the hole arrangement parameters of the advanced vertical pre-splitting holes in the corresponding area of the second layer; Continue to mine other rooms in the first layer chamber, during which the position of at least one lower chamber in the second layer is determined based on the horizontal large-diameter advance pre-splitting hole corresponding to the second layer and the excavation area, and based on the position of the lower chamber and the hole arrangement parameters of the advance vertical pre-splitting hole corresponding to the position of the lower chamber, cyclic advance pre-splitting is performed, the chamber formed after pre-splitting is leveled, and then the leveled chamber is cemented and filled; After all the ore rooms in the first layer have been mined and the pre-cracking and cementation filling of the ore rooms in the second layer have been completed, the second layer is taken as the first layer and the above-mentioned mining environment reconstruction steps are repeated except for determining the horizontal large-diameter pre-cracking step. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the step of determining the hole arrangement parameters of the horizontal large-diameter advance pre-splitting holes of the first layer and the second layer, and the advance vertical pre-splitting holes corresponding to the adjacent layers according to the mining conditions of the first layer and the second layer corresponding to the first layer comprises: Based on the first layer and the ore body characteristics of the first layer determined in the cross-arrangement layer-by-layer mining process, respectively determining the mining conditions of the first ore chamber corresponding to the first layer and the mining conditions of the second ore chamber corresponding to the second layer; Determine the ore and rock properties and cross-sectional dimensions of the first layer according to the mining conditions of the first chamber, select a cross-sectional slotting position based on the ore and rock properties and the cross-sectional dimensions, and blast at the cross-sectional slotting position based on preset blasting parameters to form the horizontal large-diameter advance pre-splitting hole; After the mining of the No. 1 chamber of the first layer based on the horizontal large-diameter advance pre-splitting hole is completed, according to the ore rock characteristics in the No. 1 chamber and the mining situation of the second chamber, the width of the chamber for mining the ore body in the second layer, the layer height of the chamber, the width direction of the chamber, the length direction of the chamber and the minimum resistance line of the ore rock are determined; The width of the ore body recovery mining chamber, the layer height of the mining chamber, the width direction of the mining chamber, the length direction of the mining chamber and the minimum resistance line of the ore rock are determined as the hole arrangement parameters of the advanced vertical pre-splitting holes. 3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the horizontal large-diameter advance pre-splitting hole is a medium-depth hole with a hole depth greater than 12m constructed at the cross-section cutting position of the first layered recovery mining room. 4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that the preset cutting position is one-third of the tunnel height, and the diameter of the medium-deep hole is 100 mm. 5. The method according to claim 1 or 2 is characterized in that the advanced vertical pre-splitting hole is a vertical slot hole constructed by layered mining under the floor of the mine room after creating a working space in the first layer or subsequent layer mine room. 6. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the hole arrangement parameters include the arrangement position, hole arrangement depth, charge amount and hole pitch number, the hole arrangement parameters of the space obtained by mining in the No. 1 mining room and the advanced vertical pre-splitting hole corresponding to the second layer, and the step of mining the cutting area of the second layer in stages includes: The middle of the width direction of the mining chamber of the second layer ore body is used as the layout position of the advanced vertical pre-splitting hole, the layer height of the mining chamber in the second layer is used as the layout depth of the advanced vertical pre-splitting hole, the charge amount of the advanced vertical pre-splitting hole is determined based on the width direction of the mining chamber in the second layer and the minimum resistance line of the ore rock, and the number of hole steps of the advanced vertical pre-splitting hole is determined based on the length direction of the mining chamber and the minimum resistance line of the ore rock; Based on the hole arrangement positions, the hole arrangement depths, the charge amount and the number of hole pitches of the advanced vertical pre-splitting holes, the cutting area is mined in stages for the second layer. 7. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the step of cross-arranging the first layer and the second layer mining chambers layer by layer specifically comprises: The first layer is mined vertically along the ore body strike, while the second layer is mined vertically along the ore body strike.