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CN117862926A - Blade array machine tool magazine and tool changing method - Google Patents

Blade array machine tool magazine and tool changing method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN117862926A
CN117862926A CN202410272217.1A CN202410272217A CN117862926A CN 117862926 A CN117862926 A CN 117862926A CN 202410272217 A CN202410272217 A CN 202410272217A CN 117862926 A CN117862926 A CN 117862926A
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
tool
spindle
machine tool
cutter
machine
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
CN202410272217.1A
Other languages
Chinese (zh)
Other versions
CN117862926B (en
Inventor
尹书强
任志辉
贺行健
宫兴林
王连炀
鲍文禄
张鑫伟
荆传思
安可
邢进鑫
刘柏余
翟丽
邓鑫
张国帅
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Dalian Kede Numerical Control Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Dalian Kede Numerical Control Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Dalian Kede Numerical Control Co Ltd filed Critical Dalian Kede Numerical Control Co Ltd
Priority to CN202410272217.1A priority Critical patent/CN117862926B/en
Publication of CN117862926A publication Critical patent/CN117862926A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CN117862926B publication Critical patent/CN117862926B/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q3/00—Devices holding, supporting, or positioning work or tools, of a kind normally removable from the machine
    • B23Q3/155—Arrangements for automatic insertion or removal of tools, e.g. combined with manual handling
    • B23Q3/157—Arrangements for automatic insertion or removal of tools, e.g. combined with manual handling of rotary tools
    • B23Q3/15713—Arrangements for automatic insertion or removal of tools, e.g. combined with manual handling of rotary tools a transfer device taking a single tool from a storage device and inserting it in a spindle
    • B23Q3/1572—Arrangements for automatic insertion or removal of tools, e.g. combined with manual handling of rotary tools a transfer device taking a single tool from a storage device and inserting it in a spindle the storage device comprising rotating or circulating storing means
    • B23Q3/15722—Rotary discs or drums
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q3/00—Devices holding, supporting, or positioning work or tools, of a kind normally removable from the machine
    • B23Q3/155—Arrangements for automatic insertion or removal of tools, e.g. combined with manual handling
    • B23Q3/1552—Arrangements for automatic insertion or removal of tools, e.g. combined with manual handling parts of devices for automatically inserting or removing tools
    • B23Q3/15526—Storage devices; Drive mechanisms therefor
    • B23Q3/15539—Plural magazines, e.g. involving tool transfer from one magazine to another
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q3/00—Devices holding, supporting, or positioning work or tools, of a kind normally removable from the machine
    • B23Q3/155—Arrangements for automatic insertion or removal of tools, e.g. combined with manual handling
    • B23Q3/157—Arrangements for automatic insertion or removal of tools, e.g. combined with manual handling of rotary tools
    • B23Q3/15786—Arrangements for automatic insertion or removal of tools, e.g. combined with manual handling of rotary tools a plurality of tools being inserted simultaneously in a plurality of spindles directly from a storage device, i.e. without using transfer devices
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T483/00—Tool changing
    • Y10T483/17—Tool changing including machine tool or component
    • Y10T483/1733—Rotary spindle machine tool [e.g., milling machine, boring, machine, grinding machine, etc.]
    • Y10T483/179—Direct tool exchange between spindle and matrix
    • Y10T483/1793—Spindle comprises tool changer
    • Y10T483/1795—Matrix indexes selected tool to transfer position
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T483/00—Tool changing
    • Y10T483/18—Tool transfer to or from matrix
    • Y10T483/1845—Plural matrices

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Automatic Tool Replacement In Machine Tools (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a blade array machine tool magazine, which comprises: a cutterhead and cutter jaw assembly; a plurality of cutter claw components are uniformly distributed on the periphery of the cutter disc. Each tool jaw assembly includes first and second tool holders with openings facing opposite. The first and second tool holders of each tool jaw assembly are capable of simultaneously securing two tools of unequal length to the cutterhead in a radial direction of the cutterhead. A neutral pick position is formed between two adjacent tool jaw assemblies to enable the tool to be clamped into or moved out of the holder. The invention also discloses a tool changing method of the blade array machine tool magazine, which comprises the steps that a tool is picked up by a machine tool spindle from the tool magazine, and the tool is put back into the tool magazine by the machine tool spindle. According to the invention, the adjacent cutter jaw assemblies share a neutral gear picking position, so that the distance between the adjacent cutter jaw assemblies is reduced, and the space on a cutter disc is saved; and two long and short cutters are arranged on one cutter jaw assembly, so that a neutral gear cutter picking position can be saved, and more cutters can be arranged on the cutter disc.

Description

Blade array machine tool magazine and tool changing method
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of tool magazine of machine tools, in particular to a blade array machine tool magazine and a tool changing method.
Background
Some parts with complex structures such as blades, crankshafts and the like are usually processed by adopting a five-axis machine tool. Five-axis machine tools such as blades and crankshafts are required to be provided with tool libraries with various tools in the machining process, and the tools have different lengths and diameters. To realize mass production of such parts, five-axis machine tools need to be equipped with a large number of tools. The existing tower-type tool magazine is widely used because of the large number of tools and the capability of changing tools by utilizing a machine tool spindle.
The cutters on the cutter disc of the existing tower-type cutter magazine are arranged in a circumferential array, one cutter is provided with a neutral cutter picking position, and the sizes of the neutral cutter picking positions of the cutters with different lengths and the cutters with different diameters are consistent. Therefore, the existing tower-type tool magazine has the problems of large cutter head size and insufficient utilization of tool space.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a blade array machine tool magazine and a tool changing method, which are used for solving the technical problems of large cutter head size and insufficient utilization of cutter space in the existing tower type tool magazine.
In order to achieve the above object, the technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:
a blade array machine tool magazine comprising: cutter head, cutter claw assembly and rotating shaft; a plurality of cutter claw components are uniformly distributed on the periphery of the cutter disc. Each tool jaw assembly includes first and second tool holders with openings facing opposite. The first and second tool holders of each tool jaw assembly are capable of simultaneously securing two tools of unequal length to the cutterhead in a radial direction of the cutterhead. A neutral pick position is formed between two adjacent tool jaw assemblies to enable the tool to be clamped into or moved out of the holder. The first cutter holder and the second cutter holder are arranged at a certain angle, so that when any cutter holder rotates to correspond to the cutter changing position of the main shaft of the machine tool, the separating direction of the cutter in the cutter holder and the cutter holder is consistent with the first moving direction of the main shaft of the machine tool in the horizontal direction, the axial direction of the cutter in the cutter holder is consistent with the second moving direction of the main shaft of the machine tool in the horizontal direction, and the first moving direction is perpendicular to the second moving direction. The cutter head is installed in the pivot, and the pivot can drive the cutter head rotation.
Further, a plurality of layers of cutterhead and cutter claw assemblies are arranged on the rotating shaft along the axial direction of the rotating shaft.
Further, the number of layers of cutterheads on the rotating shaft is the same as the number of machine tool spindles.
Further, the distance between the multi-layer cutterheads on the rotating shaft along the axial direction of the rotating shaft is the same as the distance between the spindle shafts of a plurality of machine tools of the machine tool along the axial direction of the rotating shaft.
Further, the cutters on each layer of cutterhead are arranged in a consistent mode.
A tool changing method for changing a tool by adopting a blade array machine tool magazine comprises the steps that a tool is picked up by a machine tool spindle from the tool magazine and is put back into the tool magazine by the machine tool spindle:
wherein, the machine tool spindle picks up the cutter from the tool magazine and includes the following steps:
and step 1, controlling the cutter disc to rotate, so that the cutter holder on the cutter disc, on which the cutter to be picked up is fixed, rotates to correspond to the cutter changing position of the main shaft of the machine tool.
And 2, controlling the movement of the machine tool spindle to enable the machine tool spindle to move to a tool changing position of the machine tool spindle, so that the axis of the machine tool spindle is consistent with the axis of a tool to be picked up.
And 3, controlling the machine tool spindle to move along the axial direction of the tool to be picked up until the broach of the machine tool spindle is clamped with the tool handle of the tool to be picked up.
And 4, controlling a machine tool spindle to drive the tool to be picked up to move along the direction of one side separated from the tool holder, so that the tool to be picked up is separated from the current tool holder and is positioned at a neutral position of the tool holder.
And 5, controlling the machine tool spindle to drive the tool to be picked up to move to one side far away from the cutter disc along the axis direction of the tool, so that the machine tool spindle moves to a processing area.
The method for placing the tool back into the tool magazine by the machine tool spindle comprises the following steps:
and step 1, controlling the movement of the machine tool spindle to enable the machine tool spindle to move to a tool changing position of the machine tool spindle, wherein the axial direction of a to-be-replaced tool is consistent with the radial direction of a cutter disc.
And 2, controlling the cutter disc to rotate so that the cutter disc rotates to correspond to a neutral cutter picking position of a cutter holder for fixing a cutter to be put back to a cutter changing position of a main shaft of the machine tool.
And 3, controlling a main shaft of the machine tool to drive the to-be-replaced cutter to move to one side close to the cutter disc along the axial direction of the cutter until the to-be-replaced cutter moves to a neutral gear cutter picking position.
And 4, controlling a machine tool spindle to drive the to-be-replaced tool to move along the direction of one side clamped with the tool holder, so that the to-be-replaced tool is clamped with the current tool holder.
And 5, controlling the broaching tool of the machine tool spindle to loosen the tool holder of the tool to be replaced, and enabling the machine tool spindle to move to one side far away from the cutter disc along the axis direction of the tool so as to separate the machine tool spindle from the tool to be replaced.
Advantageous effects
According to the cutter jaw assembly, the long cutter in one cutter jaw assembly and the short cutter in the adjacent cutter jaw assembly share a neutral gear cutter picking position, so that the distance between the two adjacent cutter jaw assemblies can be reduced, and the space on a cutter disc is saved; and the two long and short cutters are positioned on the same cutter jaw assembly, so that a neutral gear cutter picking position can be saved, and more cutters can be arranged on the cutter head.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions of the prior art, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described below, it will be obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and that other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort to a person skilled in the art.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a first view angle of a blade array machine according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a second view angle of a blade array machine according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a front view of a blade array machine according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic drawing of a tool-extracting method of a tool magazine of a blade array machine according to embodiment 3 of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic drawing showing a tool setting method for a tool changing method for a tool magazine of a blade array machine according to embodiment 3 of the present invention.
1. A machine tool spindle; 11. a spindle slide; 12. a sliding box seat; 13. a spindle frame;
21. a fixing seat; 22. a sliding seat; 23. a first workpiece headstock; 24. a second workpiece headstock; 25. a first workpiece spindle; 26. a second workpiece spindle;
3. a bed body; 31. a fixed frame; 311. a first support beam; 312. a second support beam; 313. a cross beam; 32. a column;
41. a cutterhead; 42. a first toolholder; 43. a second toolholder; 44. a rotating shaft.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Example 1
A blade array machine, as shown in connection with fig. 1, 2 and 3, comprising: a plurality of machine tool spindles 1 arranged in parallel with each other, and workpiece spindles corresponding to the same number and positions as the machine tool spindles 1, 4 machine tool spindles 1 and 4 workpiece spindles are illustrated as an example in the figure. The workpiece spindle drives the workpiece to rotate around the axis of the workpiece spindle, and the machine tool spindle 1 realizes synchronous machining of 4 workpieces, improves machining efficiency and meets the requirement of batch machining of the workpieces. The machine spindle 1 is movable in a first and a second direction of movement in a horizontal plane, the first and second directions of movement being perpendicular. The first movement direction is the X-axis direction of the array machine, and the second movement direction is the Z-axis direction of the array machine. As shown in fig. 3, the machine tool spindle 1 moves left and right in the X-axis direction, and the machine tool spindle 1 moves back and forth in the Z-axis direction. And the machine tool spindle 1 is rotatable about the B-axis direction perpendicular to the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction. The direction of the workpiece spindle is the same as the X-axis direction, and the workpiece spindle can move up and down in the Y-axis direction of the vertical direction, and the workpiece spindle can also rotate around the a-axis direction perpendicular to the Y-axis direction and the Z-axis direction. Therefore, five-axis machining of the coordination of the three XYZ linear axes and the two AB rotary axes is realized, and the machining of a complex structure of a workpiece is met.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 1, 2 and 3, the axes of the machine tool spindles 1 are coplanar and are all located in a vertical plane, and the distances between two adjacent machine tool spindles 1 are equal, so that the space can be fully utilized under the condition of meeting the workpiece clamping and processing space, the structure of the array machine is more compact, the volume and the quality of corresponding moving structures are reduced, and the driving structure is favorable for realizing high-speed driving. The axes of the workpiece spindles are coplanar and are all positioned in a vertical plane, and the distances between two adjacent workpiece spindles are equal, so that the workpiece spindles and the machine tool spindle 1 can be in one-to-one correspondence. The 4 machine tool spindles 1 synchronously act, the 4 workpiece spindles synchronously act, independent control programming is not needed for the single machine tool spindle 1 and the workpiece spindles, the control program of the machine tool spindle 1 and the workpiece spindle linkage are simplified, and the action response speed of the machine tool spindle 1 and the workpiece spindles is improved, so that the machining efficiency is improved.
Preferably, the blade array machine further comprises a lathe bed 3 which is horizontally arranged, two opposite upright posts 32 are vertically and fixedly arranged on the lathe bed 3, and the upright posts 32 can be fixed on the lathe bed 3 through a first bolt group. A fixed frame 31 is installed between the two upright posts 32, two side frame bodies of the fixed frame 31 are respectively and fixedly connected with the two upright posts 32, and the fixed frame 31 can be fixed on the upright posts 32 through a second bolt group. The two upright posts 32 can provide support for the fixed frame 31, reduce deformation of the fixed frame 31 after parts are mounted, reduce deformation caused by cutting force, and improve the machining precision of the array machine. The bottom frame of the fixed frame 31 may be directly and fixedly connected to the bed 3 or fixed to the upright 32 to be fixedly connected to the bed 3, so as to support the bottom frame of the fixed frame 31.
The workpiece spindle seat is arranged in the fixed frame 31, the workpiece spindle seat comprises a fixed seat 21 and a sliding seat 22 which are arranged at the frame bodies at two sides of the fixed frame 31, the fixed seat 21 is fixed at the frame body at the right side of the fixed frame 31 through a third bolt group, and the fixed frame 31 can facilitate the installation and adjustment of the fixed seat 21 and the sliding seat 22. The sliding seat 22 can reciprocate along the X-axis direction towards the fixed seat 21, so that the distance between the fixed seat 21 and the sliding seat 22 is adjusted.
A first workpiece spindle box 23 is arranged in the fixed seat 21, and a second workpiece spindle box 24 which moves up and down synchronously with the first workpiece spindle box 23 along the Y-axis direction is arranged in the sliding seat 22. The first workpiece spindle box 23 is internally provided with 4 first workpiece spindles 25, the second workpiece spindle box 24 is internally provided with second workpiece spindles 26 which are in one-to-one correspondence with the first workpiece spindles 25, workpieces can be clamped between the first workpiece spindles 25 and the second workpiece spindles 26, and the first workpiece spindles 25 and the second workpiece spindles 26 clamp the workpieces to rotate around the axis A direction.
Specifically, a first driving assembly is disposed on a side wall of the fixed seat 21 to drive the first workpiece headstock 23 to move up and down. The side wall of the fixed seat 21 is also provided with a first guide rail component for guiding the first workpiece spindle box 23. The side wall of the sliding seat 22 is provided with a second driving component for driving the second workpiece spindle box 24 to move up and down, and is also provided with a second guide rail component for guiding the second workpiece spindle box 24. The first driving component and the second driving component are controlled by programming to synchronously drive, so that the synchronous movement of the first workpiece spindle box 23 and the second workpiece spindle box 24 is realized.
Specifically, the bottom frame of the fixed frame 31 includes a first support beam 311 and a second support beam 312, where the first support beam 311 and the second support beam 312 are disposed in parallel and spaced apart and are all located in the same horizontal plane, and two ends of the first support beam 311 and the second support beam 312 are respectively and fixedly connected to two side frame bodies of the fixed frame 31. The fixed frame 31 further comprises a cross beam 313, two ends of the cross beam 313 are respectively fixed at the tops of two side frames of the fixed frame 31, and the first support beam 311, the second support beam 312, the cross beam 313 and the two side frames of the fixed frame 31 are integrally formed. The first support beam 311, the second support beam 312, the cross beam 313 and the two side frames of the fixed frame 31 form a frame structure, so that the rigidity of the structure is improved, and the deformation of the structure is prevented.
Specifically, the lathe bed 3 is provided with a chip removing port, and the chip removing port corresponds to a space surrounded by the first supporting beam 311, the second supporting beam 312 and two side frames of the fixed frame 31, so that chips of a workpiece fall into the chip removing port and are discharged.
Specifically, the lathe bed 3 is provided with a chip removal groove, and the chip removal groove is positioned at the lower part of the chip removal opening and is communicated with an outlet below the chip removal opening. A chain plate type chip removing device can be arranged in the chip removing groove, so that chips and cutting fluid can be discharged and recovered.
Preferably, the lathe bed 3 is provided with a spindle slide 11 moving along the X-axis direction, the spindle slide 11 is of a cavity structure with a cross section similar to a U shape, and the opening direction of the U shape is arranged along the Z-axis direction. The U-shaped cavity of the spindle slide 11 is provided with a slide box seat 12, and the slide box seat 12 can move back and forth along the Z-axis direction relative to the spindle slide 11. The sliding box seat 12 is internally provided with an installation space and a spindle frame 13, the spindle frame 13 is rotatably connected with the sliding box seat 12 through step shafts at the upper end and the lower end, and the spindle frame 13 is internally provided with a machine tool spindle 1 arranged along the Z-axis direction. The machine tool spindle 1 can rotate around the B axis direction under the drive of the spindle frame 13, and the machine tool spindle 1 realizes the feeding in the X axis direction under the drive of the spindle slide seat 11; the machine tool spindle 1 is driven by the sliding box seat 12 to realize feeding in the Z-axis direction.
Specifically, a third driving component is installed on the lathe bed 3 to drive the spindle slide seat 11 to move, and a corresponding third guide rail component is also arranged on the lathe bed 3 to guide the spindle slide seat 11. A fourth driving component is arranged between the main shaft sliding seat 11 and the sliding box seat 12 to drive the sliding box seat 12 to move; a fourth guide rail component is also arranged between the main shaft sliding seat 11 and the sliding box seat 12 to support and guide the sliding box seat 12. And the two sides of the sliding box seat 12 are integrally processed and formed with guide rail mounting seats, the guide rail mounting seats are vertically opposite to the two end surfaces of the U-shaped opening of the spindle sliding seat 11, and a fifth guide rail assembly is arranged between the guide rail mounting seats and the spindle sliding seat 11 to further guide the sliding box seat 12. The spindle slide 11 sits on the machine bed 3, and the slide box 12 is provided on the spindle slide 11, the spindle slide 11 and the slide box 12 only moving in the horizontal plane. Compared with the up-and-down movement, the movement structure does not need to overcome the dead weight of the movement structure and the weight of the driving structure, so that the third driving assembly can drive the spindle slide seat 11 more easily, and the fourth driving assembly can drive the sliding box seat 12 more easily. The components of the drive structure, such as the motor, can therefore be smaller in size and weight, so that the weight of the moving structure is minimized. The arrangement form can enable most of the structure of the third driving component to be arranged on the lathe bed 3, so that the weight of the moving structure is not influenced by the stroke, and when the stroke needs to be increased, the length of the lathe bed 3 and the length of the third driving component only need to be increased, and the weight of the moving structure is ensured to be in a minimized state. And because the weight of the moving structure is relatively smaller, the inertia of the moving structure is correspondingly reduced, and therefore, the third driving assembly and the fourth driving assembly can more easily realize driving control and high-speed driving, thereby improving the processing efficiency of the array machine and being beneficial to the array machine to achieve higher precision.
Specifically, the first support beam 311 and the second support beam 312 are provided with a fifth driving assembly for driving the sliding seat 22 to move along the X-axis direction, and the first support beam 311 and the second support beam 312 are provided with a sixth guide rail assembly for guiding. The sixth driving component and the fifth driving component are arranged on the beam 313 to synchronously drive the sliding seat 22, so that the upper end and the lower end of the sliding seat 22 are ensured to move consistently, and the sliding seat 22 is prevented from deforming. And the sixth driving component and the fifth driving component synchronously drive the sliding seat 22 to move at high speed, so that the sliding seat 22 can be switched rapidly according to the size of the workpiece. The beam 313 is also provided with a seventh guide rail assembly for guiding.
Specifically, the driving assembly can select a ball screw linear module or a linear motor to realize high-speed driving of the motion structure.
Specifically, the seventh driving assembly is provided on the slide box base 12 to drive the spindle frame 13 to rotate, thereby realizing the rotation of the machine tool spindle 1 about the B axis direction.
Specifically, the upright post 32 and the fixed frame 31 are located on the front side of the upper surface of the lathe bed 3, the third driving component and the spindle slide 11 are located on the rear side of the upper surface of the lathe bed 3, and the layout form enables the weight of the structure to be distributed more uniformly front and back, so that the weight concentration is prevented from affecting the integral rigidity of the structure, and the machining precision is prevented from being affected.
Preferably, the tool body 3 is provided with a tool magazine, the tool magazine is arranged at one side of the workpiece spindle along the X-axis direction, and the tool magazine is arranged at one side of the upright post 32. The tool magazine is matched with the machine tool spindle 1 to realize tool changing.
Preferably, the magazine comprises a cutterhead 41 and a cutter jaw assembly; a plurality of cutter jaw assemblies are uniformly distributed on the periphery of the cutter disc 41; each tool jaw assembly includes a first toolholder 42 and a second toolholder 43 with openings facing opposite; the first and second tool holders 42, 43 of each tool jaw assembly are capable of simultaneously securing two tools of non-uniform length to the cutterhead 41 in a radial direction of the cutterhead 41; a neutral pick position is formed between two adjacent tool jaw assemblies to enable the tool to be clamped into or moved out of the holder. A fan-shaped neutral picking position is reserved between two adjacent cutter jaw assemblies, and a long cutter in one cutter jaw assembly and a short cutter in the adjacent cutter jaw assembly share the neutral picking position, so that the distance between the two adjacent cutter jaw assemblies can be reduced, and the space on the cutter disc 41 is saved; and the two cutters are positioned on the same cutter jaw assembly, and the cutter jaw assembly and the cutter jaw assemblies adjacent to the two sides share a neutral position, so that one neutral position can be saved, and more cutters can be arranged on the cutter disc 41.
Preferably, the cutter 41 is in a regular polygon shape, the first cutter holder 42 and the second cutter holder 43 are arranged at a certain angle, the first cutter holder 42 and the second cutter holder 43 are positioned on two adjacent sides of the regular polygon, and the included angles of the first cutter holder 42 and the second cutter holder 43 are set according to the included angles of the two adjacent sides of the regular polygon. When any tool holder rotates to correspond to the tool changing position of the machine tool spindle 1, the direction of separating the tool in the tool holder from the tool holder is guaranteed to be consistent with the X-axis direction along the X-axis direction of the edge of the regular polygon where the tool holder is located, and the axis direction of the tool in the tool holder is guaranteed to be consistent with the Z-axis direction. The machine tool spindle 1 is aligned with a rear broach of a tool in the tool holder, and the machine tool spindle 1 moves in the X-axis direction so that the tool is separated from the tool holder. In the tool changing process, only the rotation of the cutter 41 and the two linear directions of the machine tool spindle 1 are needed, the tool is changed through the machine tool spindle 1, a tool changing device is omitted, the tool changing action is simplified, and the tool changing efficiency can be improved.
Preferably, the lathe bed 3 is provided with a rotating shaft 44 and an eighth driving assembly, and the axis of the rotating shaft 44 is along the Y-axis direction. The cutterhead 41 is mounted on a rotary shaft 44, and the eighth driving assembly drives the rotary shaft 44 to rotate the cutterhead 41. The cutter 41 is driven to rotate through the rotating shaft 44, so that the corresponding cutter on the cutter 41 is rotated to correspond to the cutter changing position of the machine tool spindle 1 according to the requirement.
Preferably, the spindle 44 is provided with a plurality of cutter discs 41 and cutter jaw assemblies for mounting more cutters in the axial direction of the spindle 44.
Preferably, the number of layers of cutterheads 41 on the rotating shaft 44 is the same as the number of machine tool spindles 1, and the multi-layer cutterheads 41 correspond to the 4 machine tool spindles 1 respectively and are used for changing tools of the 4 machine tool spindles 1.
Preferably, the distance between the multi-layer cutterhead 41 on the rotating shaft 44 along the axial direction of the rotating shaft 44 is the same as the distance between the 4 machine tool spindles 1 of the machine tool along the axial direction of the rotating shaft 44, so that when the 4 machine tool spindles 1 change the cutter, the cutterhead 41 only rotates and does not need to do linear motion, and the machine tool spindle 1 only needs to do two linear motions, thereby saving the motion of changing the cutter, being beneficial to simplifying the programming of a cutter changing process control program, enabling the cutterhead 41 and the machine tool spindle 1 to achieve higher motion precision and improving the cutter changing speed more easily.
Preferably, the cutters on each layer of cutter disc 41 are arranged in a consistent manner, so that the multi-layer cutter disc 41 can synchronously move, the cutter is synchronously changed by the 4 machine tool spindles 1, the cutter changing step is further simplified, the programming of a cutter changing process control program is more convenient, the cutter changing speed is further improved, the processing auxiliary time is shortened, and the processing efficiency is improved.
Example 2
The embodiment provides a manufacturing method of a blade array machine, which comprises the following steps:
step 1: and installing a plurality of machine tool spindles, and adjusting the axes of the machine tool spindles to be parallel.
Specifically, a spindle frame is firstly processed, so that a plurality of installation spaces for machine tool spindles are formed in the spindle frame. And then installing a plurality of machine tool spindles in the spindle frame, and adjusting the axes of the machine tool spindles to be parallel to each other.
The adjusting step comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the steps of installing the detecting bars on a plurality of installed machine tool spindles, transversely arranging the machine tool spindles on a three-coordinate measuring instrument, measuring the parallel condition of the side buses of the detecting bars through the three-coordinate measuring instrument, and adjusting the machine tool spindles to enable the side buses of the detecting bars to be parallel to each other. The spindle frame is transversely arranged on a three-coordinate measuring instrument, so that the axes of a plurality of machine tool spindles are along the horizontal direction. And operating the three-coordinate measuring instrument, and scanning a side bus of the test rod by adopting open line scanning. Setting a starting point and an ending point on the outer peripheral surface of the detecting rod, scanning the measuring head of the three-coordinate measuring instrument from the starting point to the ending point along the side bus direction of the detecting rod according to a preset step length, and collecting data points to measure the side bus shape of the detecting rod. The shape of the side bus of each detecting rod is measured in sequence, and the parallel error of the side bus of each detecting rod is calculated by a three-coordinate measuring instrument. And (3) leveling the matched grinding pad between the main shaft and the main shaft frame of the grinding machine tool according to the measurement condition, repeatedly measuring the side bus of each detecting rod through a three-coordinate measuring instrument, and continuously repeatedly grinding the matched grinding pad and measuring until the side bus of each detecting rod is parallel to each other if the side bus of each detecting rod still does not reach the tolerance range.
Detecting the end face position of the machine tool spindle through a three-coordinate measuring instrument, and adjusting the machine tool spindle to enable the end faces of the machine tool spindle to be coplanar. The method specifically comprises the steps of operating a three-coordinate measuring instrument, scanning the end face of a machine tool spindle by adopting a surface patch, setting a starting point and a direction point on the end face of the machine tool spindle, scanning a measuring head of the three-coordinate measuring instrument from the starting point to the direction point according to a preset scanning length and a preset scanning width, and collecting data points to measure the shape and the position of the end face of the machine tool spindle. And measuring the end faces of the machine tool spindles in sequence, and calculating the position errors of the end faces of the machine tool spindles by using a three-coordinate measuring instrument. And (3) grinding the matched grinding pad between the machine tool spindle and the spindle frame according to the measurement condition to adjust the position, repeatedly measuring the position error of the end face of each machine tool spindle through a three-coordinate measuring instrument, and continuously repeatedly grinding the matched grinding pad and measuring until the end faces of each machine tool spindle are coplanar if the tolerance range is not reached.
And detecting the height of the bar busbar by using a three-coordinate measuring instrument, and adjusting the spindle of the machine tool to ensure that the spindle axes of the machine tool are the same in height. The three-coordinate measuring instrument is operated, and an open-line scanning is adopted to scan the adjusted bar side busbar. Setting a starting point and an ending point on the outer peripheral surface of the detecting rod, scanning the measuring head of the three-coordinate measuring instrument from the starting point to the ending point along the side bus direction of the detecting rod according to a preset step length, and collecting data points to measure the side bus shape of the detecting rod. The shape and position of the side bus bar of each detecting rod are sequentially measured, and the height difference of the side bus bar of each detecting rod is calculated by a three-coordinate measuring instrument. And manually scraping positioning holes of the machine tool spindle and the spindle frame according to the measurement condition, and adjusting the height of each detecting rod. And repeatedly measuring the height difference of the side buses of each detecting rod through a three-coordinate measuring instrument, and continuously scraping the positioning holes of the machine tool spindle and the spindle frame until the heights of the side buses of each detecting rod are the same if the height difference does not reach the tolerance range, so that the heights of the spindle axes of all the machine tools are the same.
Step 2: and installing workpiece spindles the same as the machine tool spindles in number.
Specifically, a first workpiece spindle box and a second workpiece spindle box are machined first, first workpiece spindles with the same number as that of machine tool spindles are installed in the first workpiece spindle box, and second workpiece spindles with the same number as that of the machine tool spindles are installed in the second workpiece spindle box.
Step 3: the positions of the workpiece spindles are adjusted to enable the axes of the workpiece spindles to be parallel to each other, the distance between the axes of adjacent workpiece spindles is equal to the distance between the axes of corresponding machine tool spindles, and the end faces of the workpiece spindles are coplanar.
The adjusting step comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the steps of installing inspection bars on the installed workpiece spindles with the same number as the machine tool spindles, transversely arranging the workpiece spindles with the same number as the machine tool spindles on a three-coordinate measuring instrument, measuring side buses of the inspection bars and end faces of the workpiece spindles through the three-coordinate measuring instrument, and adjusting the workpiece spindles to enable axes of the workpiece spindles to be parallel to each other and the end faces to be coplanar in the same plane. Mounting check bars on the mounted first workpiece spindle and the second workpiece spindle, and respectively transversely arranging the first workpiece spindle box and the second workpiece spindle box on a three-coordinate measuring instrument so that the axes of the first workpiece spindle and the second workpiece spindle are in the horizontal direction; measuring a side bus of each detecting rod through a three-coordinate measuring instrument, and grinding a matched grinding pad between a first workpiece spindle box and a first workpiece spindle according to the measurement condition, so that the axes of the first workpiece spindle are parallel to each other in the same plane; and grinding the matched grinding pad between the first workpiece spindle box and the second workpiece spindle according to the measurement condition, so that the axes of the second workpiece spindle are parallel to each other in the same plane. Measuring the end surfaces of the first workpiece spindles through a three-coordinate measuring instrument, and grinding a matched grinding pad between the first workpiece spindle box and the first workpiece spindle according to the measurement condition so that the end surfaces of the first workpiece spindles are coplanar; and grinding the matched grinding pad between the second workpiece spindle box and the second workpiece spindle according to the measurement condition, so that the end surfaces of the second workpiece spindles are coplanar. The height of the bar busbar is detected through a three-coordinate measuring instrument, and the positioning holes of the first workpiece main shaft and the first workpiece main shaft box are adjusted through manual scraping, so that the heights of the first workpiece main shafts are the same. And positioning holes of the second workpiece spindle and the second workpiece spindle box are adjusted through manual scraping, so that the heights of the second workpiece spindles are the same.
The distance between the side buses of the inspection bar is measured through a three-coordinate measuring instrument, and the workpiece spindles are adjusted according to the distance between the machine tool spindles, so that the distance between the axes of adjacent workpiece spindles is equal to the distance between the axes of the corresponding machine tool spindles. The distance between the bar detecting side buses on the first workpiece spindles is calculated by the three-coordinate measuring instrument, and the distance between the bar detecting side buses on the adjacent two bars detecting is equal to the distance between corresponding machine tool spindle axes by scraping the positioning holes of the first workpiece spindles and the first workpiece spindle box according to the distance between the corresponding machine tool spindles. The method for adjusting the spindle spacing of each second workpiece is the same as the method for adjusting the spindle spacing of the first workpiece, and will not be described here again. Thereby ensuring that the distance between the spindle axes of adjacent workpieces is equal to the distance between the spindle axes of corresponding machine tools.
Step 4: and installing the adjusted plurality of machine tool spindles on the corresponding moving structure, and installing the adjusted workpiece spindles on the corresponding moving structure. The method comprises the steps of installing an adjusted spindle frame and a machine tool spindle in the adjusted spindle frame into a sliding box seat, installing an adjusted first workpiece spindle box and a first workpiece spindle in the adjusted first workpiece spindle box into a fixed seat, and installing an adjusted second workpiece spindle box and a second workpiece spindle in the adjusted second workpiece spindle box into the sliding seat.
The manufacturing method ensures that the parallel of the axes of the machine tool main shaft, the parallel of the axes of the workpiece main shaft and the interval between the axes of the workpiece main shaft are equal to the interval between the axes of the corresponding machine tool main shaft, and realizes that the machine tool main shaft and the workpiece main shaft can be matched with each other after being assembled to synchronously process a plurality of workpieces.
Example 3
The embodiment provides a tool changing method for changing a tool by adopting a blade array machine tool magazine, which comprises the steps that a tool is picked up by a machine tool spindle from the tool magazine and is put back into the tool magazine by the machine tool spindle:
wherein, referring to fig. 1, 2, 3 and 4, the machine tool spindle picks up the tool from the tool magazine, and comprises the following steps:
and step 1, controlling the cutter disc to rotate, so that the cutter holder on the cutter disc, on which the cutter to be picked up is fixed, rotates to correspond to the cutter changing position of the main shaft of the machine tool, and at the moment, the axis of the cutter to be picked up is along the Z-axis direction.
And 2, controlling the machine tool spindle to move along the X-axis direction so that the machine tool spindle moves to a tool changing position of the machine tool spindle, and enabling the axis of the machine tool spindle to be coaxial with the axis of the tool to be picked up.
And 3, controlling the machine tool spindle to move along the axis direction of the tool to be picked, namely, the machine tool spindle moves forwards along the Z-axis direction until the broach of the machine tool spindle is clamped with the tool handle of the tool to be picked.
And 4, controlling a machine tool spindle to move along the X-axis direction, and driving the tool to be picked to move along the direction of one side separated from the tool holder by the machine tool spindle so as to separate the tool to be picked from the current tool holder and move to a neutral tool picking position.
Step 5, controlling a machine tool spindle to move backwards along the Z-axis direction, and driving a tool to be picked to move towards one side far away from a cutter disc along the axis direction of the tool by the machine tool spindle so that the tool to be picked exits from the neutral gear picking position; and controlling the machine tool spindle to move along the X-axis direction, so that the machine tool spindle and the cutter move to a processing area.
As shown in connection with fig. 1, 2, 3 and 5, the machine tool spindle returns a tool to a tool magazine, comprising the steps of:
and step 1, controlling the machine tool spindle to move along the X-axis direction so that the machine tool spindle moves to a tool changing position of the machine tool spindle, wherein the axial direction of the tool to be replaced is consistent with the radial direction of the cutter disc, namely the axial direction of the tool to be replaced is along the Z-axis direction.
And 2, controlling the cutter disc to rotate so that a neutral cutter picking position on one side of the cutter holder for fixing the cutter to be put back on the cutter disc rotates to correspond to a cutter changing position of a main shaft of the machine tool.
And 3, controlling a machine tool spindle to move forwards along the Z-axis direction, and driving the tool to be replaced to move to one side close to the cutter disc along the axis direction of the tool until the tool to be replaced moves to a neutral position for picking the tool.
And 4, controlling a machine tool spindle to move along the X-axis direction, and driving the tool to be replaced to move along the direction of one side clamped with the tool holder by the machine tool spindle so that the tool to be replaced is clamped with the current tool holder.
And 5, controlling the broaching tool of the machine tool spindle to loosen the tool handle of the tool to be replaced, and enabling the machine tool spindle to move to one side far away from the cutterhead along the axial direction of the tool, namely enabling the machine tool spindle to be backwards far away from the cutterhead along the Z-axis direction, so that the machine tool spindle is separated from the tool to be replaced.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention, and are not limiting; although the invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical scheme described in the foregoing embodiments can be modified or some or all of the technical features thereof can be replaced by equivalents; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit of the invention.

Claims (6)

1. A blade array machine tool magazine, comprising: a cutter head (41), a cutter jaw assembly and a rotating shaft (44);
a plurality of cutter jaw assemblies are uniformly distributed on the periphery of the cutter disc (41) in the circumferential direction;
each of the tool jaw assemblies includes first (42) and second (43) oppositely facing open-faced tool holders;
the first tool holder (42) and the second tool holder (43) of each tool jaw assembly are capable of simultaneously fixing two tools of non-uniform length to the cutterhead (41) along the radial direction of the cutterhead (41);
a neutral gear picking position capable of clamping a cutter into or moving out of the cutter holder is formed between two adjacent cutter jaw assemblies;
the first tool holder (42) and the second tool holder (43) are arranged at a certain angle, so that when any tool holder rotates to correspond to a tool changing position of a main shaft of the machine tool, the separation direction of a tool in the tool holder and the tool holder is consistent with the first movement direction of the main shaft of the machine tool in the horizontal direction, the axial direction of the tool in the tool holder is consistent with the second movement direction of the main shaft of the machine tool in the horizontal direction, and the first movement direction is perpendicular to the second movement direction;
the cutter head (41) is arranged on the rotating shaft (44), and the rotating shaft (44) can drive the cutter head (41) to rotate.
2. Blade array machine tool magazine according to claim 1, characterized in that the spindle (44) is provided with layers of the cutterhead (41) and the cutter jaw assembly in the axial direction of the spindle (44).
3. Blade array machine tool magazine according to claim 2, characterized in that the number of layers of the cutterhead (41) on the spindle (44) is the same as the number of machine tool spindles.
4. A blade array machine tool magazine according to claim 3, characterized in that the distance between the layers of the cutterhead (41) on the spindle (44) along the axis of the spindle (44) is the same as the distance between the machine spindles of the machine tool along the axis of the spindle (44).
5. A tool changing method for changing a tool by using the blade array machine tool magazine according to any one of claims 1 to 4, comprising the steps of picking up a tool from the tool magazine by a machine tool spindle and placing the tool back to the tool magazine by the machine tool spindle:
wherein, the machine tool spindle picks up the cutter from the tool magazine and includes the following steps:
step 1, controlling the cutter disc to rotate, so that a cutter holder on the cutter disc, on which a cutter to be picked up is fixed, rotates to correspond to a cutter changing position of a main shaft of a machine tool;
step 2, controlling the movement of a machine tool spindle to enable the machine tool spindle to move to a tool changing position of the machine tool spindle, so that the axis of the machine tool spindle is consistent with the axis of a tool to be picked up;
step 3, controlling a machine tool spindle to move along the axis direction of a tool to be picked up until a broach of the machine tool spindle is clamped with a tool handle of the tool to be picked up;
step 4, controlling a machine tool spindle to drive a tool to be picked up to move along a direction separated from the tool holder, so that the tool to be picked up is separated from the current tool holder and is positioned at a neutral tool picking position;
step 5, controlling a machine tool spindle to drive a tool to be picked up to move to one side far away from a cutter disc along the axis direction of the tool, so that the machine tool spindle moves to a processing area;
the method for placing the tool back into the tool magazine by the machine tool spindle comprises the following steps:
step 1, controlling the movement of a machine tool spindle to enable the machine tool spindle to move to a tool changing position of the machine tool spindle, wherein the axial direction of a tool to be replaced is consistent with the radial direction of a cutter disc;
step 2, controlling the cutter disc to rotate so that a neutral cutter picking position of the cutter disc, which is used for fixing a cutter holder to be put back, rotates to correspond to a cutter changing position of a main shaft of the machine tool;
step 3, controlling a main shaft of a machine tool to drive a tool to be replaced to move to one side close to a cutter disc along the axial direction of the tool until the tool to be replaced moves to a neutral gear tool picking position;
step 4, controlling a main shaft of the machine tool to drive the to-be-replaced tool to move along the direction of one side clamped with the tool holder, so that the to-be-replaced tool is clamped with the current tool holder;
and 5, controlling the broaching tool of the machine tool spindle to loosen the tool holder of the tool to be replaced, and enabling the machine tool spindle to move to one side far away from the cutter disc along the axis direction of the tool so as to separate the machine tool spindle from the tool to be replaced.
6. The tool changing method for changing tools according to claim 5, wherein the tools on each layer of cutterhead (41) are arranged in a consistent manner.
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