CN117546699A - A moisturizing and anti-drying device for desert planting and its construction method - Google Patents
A moisturizing and anti-drying device for desert planting and its construction method Download PDFInfo
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- CN117546699A CN117546699A CN202311322600.5A CN202311322600A CN117546699A CN 117546699 A CN117546699 A CN 117546699A CN 202311322600 A CN202311322600 A CN 202311322600A CN 117546699 A CN117546699 A CN 117546699A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/02—Receptacles, e.g. flower-pots or boxes; Glasses for cultivating flowers
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/50—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor contained within a flexible envelope
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G27/00—Self-acting watering devices, e.g. for flower-pots
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/08—Devices for filling-up flower-pots or pots for seedlings; Devices for setting plants or seeds in pots
- A01G9/086—Devices for repotting
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D3/00—Improving or preserving soil or rock, e.g. preserving permafrost soil
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D3/00—Improving or preserving soil or rock, e.g. preserving permafrost soil
- E02D3/12—Consolidating by placing solidifying or pore-filling substances in the soil
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Paleontology (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of desert control, and in particular relates to a moisture-preserving and dryness-preventing device for desert planting, which comprises an outer shell, a bottom plate arranged at the bottom of the outer shell and a cultivated body arranged in the outer shell, wherein the cultivated body comprises a water absorption layer, an improvement layer and an evaporation-preventing layer which are sequentially paved from bottom to top; the peripheral wall of the outer shell is closed, and a plurality of holes for plant roots to pass through are formed in the bottom plate; the water absorption layer is made of porous materials; the improvement layer consists of desert soil, loess and organic fertilizer of the treatment field; the evaporation prevention layer adopts a water-permeable covering material; the device not only provides nutrients for plant growth, but also can effectively reduce water evaporation and inhibit water loss, and is beneficial to preventing further expansion of desertification; the invention also provides a construction method using the moisture-preserving and drying-preventing device for desert planting, which can effectively reduce water evaporation and loss and improve the survival rate of transplanted plants.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of desert control, and particularly relates to a moisturizing and drying-preventing device for desert planting and a construction method thereof.
Background
The desert area occupies a large area on the earth surface, and the characteristics of dry climate conditions, barren soil, high temperature and low precipitation amount make the desert area an area with fragile ecosystem and scarce water resources. The wind prevention and sand fixation are an ecological construction activity commonly used in arid and semiarid regions, and aim to protect water and soil resources, reduce the influence of sand storm on the environment and effectively inhibit the spread of desertification.
Traditional desert control methods include afforestation, improving soil quality, reducing soil erosion, and providing wind-break and sand-fixation effects by introducing drought-tolerant plants. Common treatment methods include grass square method, chemical curing technology, etc. The grass square method involves demarcating small squares on the soil surface and planting herbs to improve soil structure and provide sand control. Chemical solidification technology is to use chemicals to improve the physical properties of soil, thereby reducing sand erosion. However, the grass square method requires manual rolling, manual laying and maintenance, and is labor-and time-consuming and has a high overall cost. The cost of the chemical curing agent is higher, the chemical curing agent needs to be more accurately matched with desert soil for construction during use, new ecological risks can be brought to chemical components introduced by the chemical curing agent, the sand fixing effect of the chemical sand fixing agent is usually not permanent due to the effects of wind erosion or ultraviolet rays and the like, regular maintenance and addition are needed, and the management and maintenance cost is relatively higher.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a moisture-preserving and drying-preventing device for desert planting and a construction method thereof, which can improve the survival rate of plants and improve the soil texture of the desert.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
the moisture-preserving and drying-preventing device for desert planting comprises an outer shell, a bottom plate arranged at the bottom of the outer shell and a cultivated body arranged in the outer shell, wherein the cultivated body comprises a water absorption layer, an improvement layer and an evaporation-preventing layer which are sequentially paved from bottom to top; the peripheral wall of the outer shell is closed, and a plurality of holes for plant roots to pass through are formed in the bottom plate; the water absorption layer is made of porous materials; the improvement layer consists of desert soil, loess and organic fertilizer of the treatment field; the evaporation prevention layer adopts a water-permeable covering material; the shell body provides a stable space for plant growth, the cultivated body can provide moisture and nutrient substances for plant growth and development, and the survival rate of plants planted in the desert is improved; the transplanted plants are planted in the improvement layer, the plants grow in the improvement layer in advance, the root system gradually extends to the water absorption layer and finally passes through the water absorption layer to enter the desert at the bottom of the bottom plate of the outer shell, and the peripheral wall of the outer shell is sealed to prevent water loss from the side edge, so that the watering times and the watering amount are reduced.
Further, the modified layer comprises the following components in parts by weight: 50 to 75 parts of desert soil, 25 to 50 parts of loess and 0.1 to 5 parts of organic fertilizer.
Further, the thickness of the water absorption layer ranges from 15cm to 30cm, the thickness of the improvement layer ranges from 30cm to 60cm, and the thickness of the evaporation prevention layer ranges from 5cm to 15cm.
Further, the evaporation prevention layer comprises a crop straw scrap layer, and the crop straw can be wheat straw, corn straw or rape straw.
Further, the evaporation prevention layer further comprises a degradable film paved on the surface of the crop straw layer, and preformed holes for drilling plants are reserved on the degradable film.
Further, the height of the cultivated body is smaller than that of the outer shell, the height difference between the top surface of the cultivated body and the upper edge of the outer shell is 5 cm-30 cm, and after the device is buried in a desert, in-situ desert soil can be filled into a reserved space at the top of the outer shell.
Further, the bottom plate includes with the steelframe of shell body matching and sets up reinforcing bar net on the steelframe, the mesh size of reinforcing bar net is between 1cm ~ 10cm, the mesh of reinforcing bar net is according to the thickness adjustment of planting the plant root, makes the rhizome can freely pass the shell body bottom plate.
The invention also provides a construction method of the moisture-preserving and drying-preventing device for desert planting, which uses the moisture-preserving and drying-preventing device for desert planting, and the construction method of the moisture-preserving and drying-preventing device for desert planting comprises the following steps:
s1: burying a moisturizing and drying-preventing device for desert planting in a desert area to be treated; transplanting plants to be planted in the improvement layer;
s2: filling in-situ desert soil on the surface of the cultivated body in the outer shell, so that the filled in-situ desert soil is level with the desert ground;
s3: the sand fixing agent sprayed on the top surface of the moisture-preserving and dry-preventing device for desert planting forms a sand fixing layer, and the spraying dosage volume of the sand fixing agent is the void volume of in-situ desert soil filled in the outer shell; the concentration and the dosage of the sand fixing agent are determined through indoor experiments;
s4: and (5) watering and maintaining regularly according to the growth state of plants.
Further, in S1, the moisture-preserving and drying-preventing devices for desert planting are arranged in a quincuncial shape, and the distance between two adjacent moisture-preserving and drying-preventing devices for desert planting is 1-3 times the width of the outer shell.
Further, in the step S3, the spraying range of the sand-fixing agent is the outer shell, the spraying capacity of the sand-fixing agent is the void volume of the filled in-situ desert soil, and the sand-fixing agent can be prevented from penetrating into the evaporation preventing layer; the transplanted plants adopt plant varieties suitable for the ecological system of the desert in the place.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
the invention constructs a multi-layer cultivation body with an improved layer, an anti-evaporation layer and a water absorption layer, which not only provides nutrients for plant growth, but also effectively reduces water evaporation, inhibits water loss and is beneficial to preventing further expansion of desertification;
the improvement layer of the invention improves the nutrient content and the water retention of soil by mixing loess, desert soil and organic fertilizer, and has low loess cost and wide sources;
in the construction method, the in-situ desert soil is covered on the surface of the sand fixing device when the sand fixing device is backfilled, and sand is fixed, so that the damage of the surface soil of a sand fixing device system can be reduced;
the construction method disclosed by the invention is simple in process, wide in practicability, capable of realizing large-scale and mechanized construction, low in labor cost and wide in application range.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention. Wherein:
fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a cultivated body according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic bottom view of a base plate according to an embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic process diagram of the method of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic layout diagram of a moisture-preserving and drying-preventing device for desert planting according to an embodiment of the invention.
In the figure, 1, an outer shell; 2. cultivating body; 3. a bottom plate; 31. a steel frame; 32. a reinforcing mesh; 4. a water-absorbing layer; 5. an improvement layer; 6. an evaporation preventing layer; 7. a clamping groove; 8, 8; a degradable film; 9. planting pits; 10. a sand fixing device; 11. in-situ desert soil; 12. and (5) fixing a sand layer.
Detailed Description
The following description of the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clear and complete, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which are derived by a person skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention, fall within the scope of protection of the invention.
In the description of the present invention, the terms "longitudinal", "transverse", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", etc. refer to the orientation or positional relationship based on that shown in the drawings, merely for convenience of description of the present invention and do not require that the present invention must be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention. The terms "coupled" and "connected" as used herein are to be construed broadly and may be, for example, fixedly coupled or detachably coupled; either directly or indirectly through intermediate components, the specific meaning of the terms being understood by those of ordinary skill in the art as the case may be.
The invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings in connection with embodiments. It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments of the present invention and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other.
As shown in fig. 1 to 4, the moisture-preserving and drying-preventing device for desert planting comprises an outer shell 1, a bottom plate 3 arranged at the bottom of the outer shell 1 and a cultivated body 2 arranged in the outer shell 1, wherein the cultivated body 2 comprises a water absorption layer 4, an improvement layer 5 and an evaporation-preventing layer 6 which are sequentially paved from bottom to top; the peripheral wall of the outer shell 1 is closed, and a plurality of holes for plant roots to pass through are formed in the bottom plate 3; the outer shell 1 provides a stable space for plant growth, can prevent water loss from the side edge, reduces watering times and watering amount, and promotes root systems of plants to grow downwards and take root first; the cultivated body 2 can provide moisture and nutrient substances for the growth and development of plants, so that the survival rate of the plants planted in the desert is improved; the plant can be planted in the improvement layer 5 in a transplanting mode, the plant grows in the improvement layer 5 in the early stage, the root system growing downwards gradually extends to the water absorption layer 4, finally passes through the water absorption layer 4 to enter the desert below the bottom plate 3 of the outer shell 1, and the root system penetrating out of the hole of the bottom plate 3 can grow transversely in a large range at the moment; the plant adopts plant varieties suitable for the desert ecosystem of the place, such as sand sagebrush, salix psammophila, salix citrifolia, haloxylon ammodendron, flower sticks and the like;
the improvement layer 5 is composed of desert soil, loess and organic fertilizer of a treatment field, the improvement layer 5 is mainly used for improving the texture of the desert soil, increasing the water retention and providing nutrients for plant growth, and the improvement layer 5 comprises the following components in parts by weight: 50-75 parts of desert soil, 25-50 parts of loess and 0.1-5 parts of organic fertilizer; the loess is cheap and easy to obtain, is rich in viscous minerals, and can increase the viscosity and nutrients of soil; in the wind erosion desertification region, sand accounts for more than 75% of the soil, the structure of the soil can be optimized by increasing the content of silt or clay particles such as loess, and the soil fertility can be improved by adding a proper amount of organic fertilizer; loess can also be replaced by other clay type soil.
Further, as shown in fig. 1 and 3, the water absorbing layer 4 is located at the bottom of the cultivated body 2, and functions to absorb and store water and ensure that the water can be absorbed by plant roots; the water-absorbing layer 4 is usually made of porous materials, such as high-hydroscopicity sponge and perlite, and can absorb and store water efficiently so as to meet the growth requirement of plants.
Further, as shown in fig. 1 and 3, the thickness of the water absorbing layer 4 is 15 cm-30 cm, which can ensure that the water absorbing layer stores water sufficiently and does not occupy excessive vertical space. The thickness of the improved layer 5 is in the range of 30 cm-60 cm, the range can provide enough soil depth for plant growth, and meanwhile, the improved layer is not too thick and heavy, so that the construction difficulty is reduced; the thickness of the evaporation preventing layer 6 is in the range of 5cm to 15cm, which keeps the soil well ventilated and reduces the evaporation rate of water.
Furthermore, the evaporation prevention layer 6 adopts a water-permeable covering material, such as a crop straw scrap layer formed by using crop straw as a raw material, the crop straw can be wheat straw, corn straw, rape straw and the like, and the evaporation prevention layer 6 is used for reducing water evaporation and is beneficial to keeping soil humidity, and the crop straw scrap can release organic substances into the soil when being decomposed, so that the texture and nutrient content of desert soil are improved.
Further, as shown in fig. 1, the evaporation preventing layer 6 further includes a degradable film 8 laid on the surface of the crop straw layer, where a preformed hole for drilling out plants is reserved on the degradable film 8, and the degradable film 8 preferably has a degradation time of more than one year; the evaporation prevention layer 6 is formed by covering a degradable film 8 on a crop straw layer, so that the pollution to the desert is avoided while the evaporation of water is reduced.
Further, as shown in fig. 1 and 3, the height of the cultivated body 2 is smaller than that of the outer shell 1, the height difference between the top surface of the cultivated body 2 and the upper edge of the outer shell 1 is 5 cm-10 cm, so that a reserved space is formed at the upper part of the outer shell 1, when the device is used, the whole device is buried in a desert, the upper edge of the outer shell 1 is lower than the surface of the desert, then in-situ desert soil 11 is filled in the reserved space, and sand fixing agent is sprayed; plants may be planted in the modified layer 5 in advance or after the device is buried in a desert, plants may be planted in the modified layer 5.
In a preferred embodiment, the thickness of the water absorbing layer 4 is 20cm, the thickness of the modified layer 5 is 40cm, the thickness of the evaporation preventing layer 6 is 10cm, and the height difference between the top surface of the cultivated body 2 and the upper edge of the outer shell 1 is 5cm.
Further, as shown in fig. 1 to 4, the outer casing 1 is a rectangular or circular cylinder, the outer casing 1 is made of stainless steel material, the thickness of the outer casing 1 is between 0.5mm and 2cm, and the outer casing 1 mainly plays a role of wrapping the cultivated body 2; the bottom of the outer shell 1 is provided with a circle of clamping grooves 7, and the clamping grooves 7 protrude inwards and are used for placing the bottom plate 3; the diameter or the side length of the outer shell 1 is adjusted according to the size of the root system of the planted plant; the bottom plate 3 comprises a steel frame 31 matched with the outer shell 1 and a reinforcing mesh 32 arranged on the steel frame 31, the steel frame 31 comprises an outer frame matched with the outer shell 1 in shape and a cross-shaped or diamond/rectangular inner frame fixed in the outer frame, and the steel frame 31 mainly plays a role in supporting the cultivated body 2; in fig. 1 to fig. 4, a rectangular outer casing 1 is taken as an example for illustration, the mesh size of the reinforcement mesh 32 is between 1cm and 10cm, the mesh size of the reinforcement mesh 32 is adjusted according to the thickness of the main root of the planted plant, so that the rhizome can freely pass through the bottom plate 3, and the mesh aperture of the reinforcement mesh 32 is larger than the average diameter of the main root of the planted plant; meanwhile, the material of the water absorbing layer 4 does not fall through the reinforcing mesh 32; taking sand sagebrush as an example, the sand sagebrush is a half shrub which branches from the base, the root system is developed, the root is thick and strong, the thickness reaches 1 cm-2 cm, the pore size of the corresponding reinforcing mesh 32 is at least 2 x 2cm, the water absorption layer 4 preferably adopts large-particle perlite for gardening cultivation, and the large-particle perlite cannot leak from the reinforcing mesh 32; if perlite with the grain diameter smaller than that of the mesh of the steel bar mesh 32 is adopted, in order to prevent the perlite from penetrating through the steel bar mesh 32, a layer of degradable sponge board or plant-growing bag cloth is firstly padded at the bottom of the water absorption layer 4, and then the perlite is paved on the sponge board or plant-growing bag cloth; the degradable foaming sponge board or plant-growing bag cloth in the prior art is adopted, the texture of the sponge board is soft, and the sponge board adopts a thinner thickness, so that the root system of the plant is easy to penetrate or a plurality of slits are formed in the pre-penetration sponge board; the plant bag cloth can be placed on the reinforcement mesh 32 with one layer or directly with one plant bag (i.e., two layers of plant bag cloth).
The sand fixing device 10 constructs a multilayer cultivation body 2 with the improved layer 5, the evaporation preventing layer 6 and the water absorbing layer 4, not only provides nutrients for plant growth, but also effectively reduces water evaporation, inhibits water loss and is beneficial to preventing further expansion of desertification; the improved layer 5 of the invention improves the nutrient content and the water retention of soil by mixing loess, desert soil and organic fertilizer, and has low loess cost and wide sources; the evaporation-preventing layer 6 and the degradable film 8 can reduce evaporation of water and improve the soil texture of the desert.
The invention also provides a construction method of the moisture-preserving and drying-preventing device for desert planting, which uses the moisture-preserving and drying-preventing device for desert planting, and comprises the following steps:
s1: burying a moisturizing and drying-preventing device for desert planting in a desert area to be treated; transplanting plants are planted in the improvement layer 5; plants grow on the improvement layer 5 in advance, and along with the growth of the plants, root systems gradually extend to the water absorption layer 4 and finally pass through the water absorption layer 4 to enter the desert at the lower part of the bottom plate 3 of the outer shell 1;
s2: filling in-situ desert soil 11 on the surface of the cultivated body 2 in the outer shell 1, so that the filled in-situ desert soil 11 is level with the desert ground;
s3: the sand fixing agent sprayed on the top surface of the moisture-preserving and drying-preventing device for desert planting forms a sand fixing layer 12, and the spraying dosage volume of the sand fixing agent is the void volume of soil of the in-situ desert soil 11 filled in the outer shell 1, so that the sand fixing agent is prevented from penetrating into the evaporation preventing layer; the concentration and the dosage of the sand fixing agent are determined through indoor experiments;
s4: and (5) watering and maintaining regularly according to the growth state of plants.
When the sand fixing device 10 is buried, the area is divided in the desert to be treated, a planting pit 9 (planting pit digging) with the size of the shell body 1 is dug out, and then the sand fixing device 10 is placed in the planting pit 9; after the reserved space at the inner top of the outer shell 1 is filled with the in-situ desert soil 11, gaps between the outer shell 1 and the edges of the planting pits 9 are filled with the in-situ desert soil 11, so that the sand fixing device is firmly buried (device placement and backfilling); finally, the sand fixing agent sprayed on the top surface of the surface layer of the sand fixing device forms a sand fixing layer 12 (surface layer soil covering reinforcement).
As shown in fig. 4, the sand fixing devices 10 are arranged in a quincuncial shape, and the distance between two adjacent sand fixing devices 10 is 1-3 times the width of the outer shell 1 in comprehensive consideration of sand fixing cost; the root system of the plant in the desert is strong and developed, the plant is rooted in the improvement layer 5, passes through the water absorbing layer 4 and passes through the reinforcing mesh 32 at the early growth stage of the plant, the root system can be attached to the reinforcing mesh 32 to connect plants and the device into a whole, so that the plants are effectively prevented from being blown down or run away by wind sand, the bodies of the plants can be stabilized, and the plants are prevented from being blown down by the wind sand; in the middle and later stages of plant growth, the depth and amplitude of plant root systems in the desert are at least expanded by several times, and the distance between the sand fixing devices which are 1-3 times is arranged to be beneficial to the root system winding between plants, so that the plants are fixed in the desert together.
Further, the spraying concentration of the sand-fixing agent should not affect the growth of plants, and the concentration of the sand-fixing agent is determined through an indoor growth experiment; the spraying range of the sand fixing agent is in the outer shell 1, so that the application cost of the sand fixing agent is reduced; the spraying volume of the sand-fixing agent is the void volume of the soil of the filled in-situ desert soil 11, and the sand-fixing agent is only filled among the voids of the in-situ desert soil 11 filled at the top of the outer shell 1, so that the sand-fixing agent can be prevented from penetrating into the evaporation-preventing layer 6; the sand fixing agent may be a microbial slurry such as EICP or MICP slurry.
Further, the transplanted plants adopt plant varieties suitable for the desert ecosystem of the place, such as sand sagebrush, salix psammophila, salix rubra, caragana microphylla, haloxylon ammodendron, flower sticks and the like.
In the construction method, the in-situ desert soil 11 is covered on the surface of the sand stabilization device 10 when the sand stabilization device is backfilled, and sand stabilization is carried out, so that the damage of the surface soil of a system of the sand stabilization device 10 can be reduced; the construction method disclosed by the invention is simple in process, wide in practicability, capable of realizing large-scale and mechanized construction, low in labor cost and wide in application range.
It is to be understood that the above description is exemplary only and that the embodiments of the present application are not limited thereto. The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the invention is not intended to limit the invention to the particular embodiments disclosed, but on the contrary, the intention is to cover all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a device is prevented doing by moisturizing of desert planting which characterized in that: the novel cultivation device comprises an outer shell (1), a bottom plate (3) arranged at the bottom of the outer shell (1) and a cultivation body (2) arranged in the outer shell (1), wherein the cultivation body (2) comprises a water absorption layer (4), an improvement layer (5) and an evaporation prevention layer (6) which are sequentially paved from bottom to top; the peripheral wall of the outer shell (1) is closed, and a plurality of holes for plant roots to pass through are formed in the bottom plate (3);
the water absorbing layer (4) is made of porous material; the improvement layer (5) consists of desert soil, loess and organic fertilizer of a treatment field; the evaporation prevention layer (6) adopts a water-permeable covering material.
2. The moisture-retaining and drying-preventing device for desert planting according to claim 1, wherein: the modified layer (5) comprises the following components in parts by weight: 50 to 75 parts of desert soil, 25 to 50 parts of loess and 0.1 to 5 parts of organic fertilizer.
3. The moisture-retaining and drying-preventing device for desert planting according to claim 1, wherein: the thickness of the water absorption layer (4) ranges from 15cm to 30cm, the thickness of the improved layer (5) ranges from 30cm to 60cm, and the thickness of the evaporation prevention layer (6) ranges from 5cm to 15cm.
4. The moisture-retaining and drying-preventing device for desert planting according to claim 1, wherein: the evaporation prevention layer (6) comprises a crop straw layer.
5. The moisture-retaining and drying-preventing device for desert planting according to claim 4, wherein: the evaporation prevention layer (6) further comprises a degradable film (8) paved on the surface of the crop straw layer, and reserved holes for plants to drill are reserved on the degradable film (8).
6. The moisture-retaining and drying-preventing device for desert planting according to claim 1, wherein: the height of the cultivated body (2) is smaller than that of the outer shell (1), and the height difference between the top surface of the cultivated body (2) and the upper edge of the outer shell (1) is 5 cm-30 cm.
7. The moisture-retaining and drying-preventing device for desert planting according to claim 1, wherein: the bottom plate (3) comprises a steel frame (31) matched with the outer shell (1) and a reinforcing mesh (32) arranged on the steel frame (31), the mesh size of the reinforcing mesh (32) is between 1cm and 10cm, and the mesh size of the reinforcing mesh (32) is adjusted according to the thickness of a plant main root.
8. A construction method of a moisturizing and drying-preventing device for desert planting is characterized by comprising the following steps of: a moisture-retaining and drying-preventing apparatus for desert planting according to any one of claims 1 to 7, the construction method of the moisture-retaining and drying-preventing apparatus for desert planting comprising the steps of:
s1: burying a moisturizing and drying-preventing device for desert planting in a desert area to be treated; transplanting plants are planted in the improvement layer (5);
s2: filling in-situ desert soil (11) on the surface of the cultivated body (2) in the outer shell (1), so that the filled in-situ desert soil (11) is level with the desert ground;
s3: the sand fixing agent sprayed on the top surface of the moisture-preserving and dry-preventing device for desert planting forms a sand fixing layer (12), and the spraying dosage volume of the sand fixing agent is the void volume of in-situ desert soil filled in the outer shell (1); the concentration and the dosage of the sand fixing agent are determined through indoor experiments;
s4: and (5) watering and maintaining regularly according to the growth state of plants.
9. The construction method of the moisture-preserving and drying-preventing device for desert planting according to claim 8, wherein the construction method comprises the following steps: in S1, the moisturizing and drying-preventing devices for desert planting are arranged in a plum blossom shape, and the distance between two adjacent moisturizing and drying-preventing devices for desert planting is 1-3 times the width of the outer shell (1).
10. The construction method of the moisture-preserving and drying-preventing device for desert planting according to claim 8, wherein the construction method comprises the following steps: s3, the spraying range of the sand fixing agent is in the outer shell (1); the transplanted plants adopt plant varieties suitable for the ecological system of the desert in the place.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311322600.5A CN117546699B (en) | 2023-10-12 | 2023-10-12 | Moisturizing and drying-preventing device for desert planting and construction method thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311322600.5A CN117546699B (en) | 2023-10-12 | 2023-10-12 | Moisturizing and drying-preventing device for desert planting and construction method thereof |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN117546699A true CN117546699A (en) | 2024-02-13 |
| CN117546699B CN117546699B (en) | 2025-10-31 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN118648494A (en) * | 2024-05-21 | 2024-09-17 | 宁夏宁苗生态建设集团股份有限公司 | A new method for directing water for growing plants in sandy soil |
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| CN117546699B (en) | 2025-10-31 |
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