CN117516636B - Coastal dam safety monitoring and early warning method and system - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the technical field of marine wind farm information identification, and discloses a coastal embankment safety monitoring and early warning method and system. The method integrates air-space-ground multi-source earth observation technology, and fully covers the monitoring of infrastructure in coastal areas at different time and space scales, including full-range monitoring from mudflats-seawalls-underwater to fine detection of seawalls-cracks-seepage, from long-term evolution-cumulative effects to real-time dynamic-disaster early warning and response analysis at the same time scale; a multi-factor database is built to obtain the response data of infrastructure ground deformation to sea level changes under the long-term scale of climate change and short-term events of storm surges. Aiming at the superimposed influence of ground subsidence factors, the present invention improves the precise monitoring means of major coastal infrastructure, constructs an early warning and evaluation system for infrastructure to cope with sea level and climate change, and provides a scientific basis for decision-making in urban planning, coastal development, environmental protection, engineering construction and other departments.

Description

A coastal dam safety monitoring and early warning method and system

Technical Field

The present invention belongs to the technical field of marine wind farm information identification, and in particular relates to a coastal dam safety monitoring and early warning method and system.

Background technique

The coastal zone is the area with the highest concentration of population and cities. More than 40% of the human population is concentrated in the coastal zone, and more than 60% of GDP is created. At the same time, human activities have the most profound impact on the coastal environment. Large-scale exploitation of groundwater has caused the groundwater level to drop, resulting in underground funnels, causing large-scale ground subsidence. In addition, numerous high-rise buildings have also increased the bearing capacity of the ground and aggravated the rate of ground subsidence. Under the dual effects of sea level rise and ground subsidence, disasters such as storm surges, floods, coastal erosion, seawater intrusion and soil salinization have worsened, exacerbating the destruction of the coastal ecosystem, threatening the safety of coastal infrastructure, and affecting normal production and life.

How to accurately determine the response process and mechanism of large coastal infrastructure to sea level rise under the background of human activities and global warming. Sea level rise has exacerbated storm surge intrusion and coastal erosion in coastal areas. Accurate determination of the vertical deformation of the coastal surface and its large infrastructure is a key factor in understanding sea level changes and potential flooding disasters in the coastal zone. Structural health monitoring and safety evaluation of large coastal infrastructure based on multi-source earth observation technology is a key technical problem that needs to be solved urgently.

In recent years, GNSS, satellite/ground-based InSAR, UAV Lidar, etc. have been widely used in deformation monitoring such as earthquakes, volcanoes, landslides, and ground subsidence. They have provided important observation data for accurately determining the surface deformation monitoring and analysis of coastal cities and estuarine lowland plains under the background of human activities and climate warming, and promoted the understanding of the response process and mechanism of large-scale infrastructure to sea level rise.

InSAR time series analysis technology detects the spatiotemporal variation characteristics of point target scatterers, surface scatterers or a combination of two scatterers by stacking, averaging or spatiotemporal filtering interference pattern sequences. This technology has been widely used to obtain ground subsidence deformation signals with mm/yr level accuracy.

At present, there are many InSAR satellite sensors in orbit (such as C-band Sentinel-1A/B, Radarsat-2, X-band TerraSAR-X, L-band ALOS-2 satellite), and the planned next-generation L-band high-resolution wide-band SAR satellite Tandem-L has made great improvements in revisit period and orbit control. The continuous acquisition of interferometric synthetic aperture radar measurement data has laid a data foundation for the application of high-precision InSAR technology in surface deformation monitoring in a certain coastal zone.

At present, there is still a lack of research results on the impact of sea level rise on a longer time scale and risk assessment. Only a few cities have put forward information on the adaptation of major urban infrastructure to climate change, especially sea level rise. In particular, in terms of the comprehensive use of space-based earth observation technologies such as InSAR, GNSS, UAV, and Lidar to carry out long-term and continuous deformation monitoring of large coastal infrastructure, there are still many blank research areas in the existing technology.

Through the above analysis, the problems and defects of the existing technology are as follows: in the analysis of the superimposed impact of ground subsidence factors by the existing technology, the accurate monitoring effect of major infrastructure in the coastal zone is poor, and the early warning information on sea level and climate change obtained by the infrastructure is of low accuracy.

Summary of the invention

In order to overcome the problems existing in the related art, the disclosed embodiment of the present invention provides a coastal dam safety monitoring and early warning method and system.

The technical scheme is as follows: a coastal dam safety monitoring and early warning method, integrating air-space-ground multi-source earth observation technology, and fully covering monitoring of infrastructure in coastal areas at different time and space scales, from full-range monitoring of mudflats-seawalls-underwater to fine detection of seawalls-cracks-seepage, from long-term evolution-cumulative effects to real-time dynamics-disaster early warning and response analysis at the same time scale; based on the acquired full-coverage monitoring information of infrastructure in coastal areas at different time and space scales, a multi-factor database is built to obtain the response data of infrastructure ground deformation to sea level changes under the long-term scale of climate change and short-term events of storm surges; specifically including the following steps:

S1, based on the deformation monitoring technology of multi-source earth observation, build a full coverage observation system from surface to point, and build a monitoring system of ocean dynamics and underwater seabed changes with different time scales and intensity from normal to event;

S2, determine the macro deformation characteristics and key monitoring areas of coastal infrastructure based on multi-source observation technology, extract fine deformation characteristics, and analyze the deformation inducing mechanism;

S3. Establish a database of ground deformation and environmental parameters for coastal infrastructure, and establish a coastal infrastructure deformation early warning and decision support system.

In step S1, the deformation monitoring technology based on multi-source earth observation includes:

(1) Generate a 6m DEM digital elevation model of the study area using TanDEM satellite data and InSAR technology;

(2) Use InSAR technology to conduct a full-area survey and regular updates, select key monitoring areas, and use the InSAR time series analysis technology module to monitor distributed targets and permanent scattering targets based on the long-term InSAR monitoring results of coastal deformation, and convert the deformation signals of linear and planar areas of infrastructure in coastal areas;

(3) Use UAV Lidar airborne scanning technology or UAV Camera airborne scanning technology to extract coastlines, monitor coastline changes, conduct tidal flat mapping, island mapping, beach ground subsidence, and disaster analysis, and cooperate with multi-beam bathymetry systems to conduct full coverage measurement of underwater terrain;

(4) Using ground-based synthetic aperture radar systems to conduct on-site remote sensing observations of infrastructure, combined with the RT-GSAR real-time ground-based radar processing system, interferogram generation, strong coherence point detection, phase 2D/3D unwrapping, atmospheric error estimation, and shape extraction can be achieved in near real time;

(5) InSAR is regularly updated for the main part of the dam, and Multi-GNSS is used for real-time monitoring on the top road surface and seaward slope of the dam;

(6) Analyze sea level changes using historical tide gauge data and GNSS data;

(7) A long-term, high-precision survey based on InSAR, a supplementary survey of tidal flats based on airborne three-dimensional laser scanning technology, and detailed monitoring of key areas based on ground-based synthetic aperture radar, geological radar, and drones will be used to build a full-coverage observation system from surface to point. Select coastal infrastructure sites to build an ocean dynamics and underwater seabed change monitoring system with different time scales and intensity from normal to event.

In step (2), the use of InSAR technology to conduct a full-area survey and regular updates includes:

GAMMA software is used for SAR image interferometry processing, realizing the whole process of various SAR data from single-view complex images to digital elevation models and surface deformation under the Python framework.

In step (2), the use of the InSAR time series analysis technology module to monitor distributed targets and permanent scattering targets includes:

Based on InSAR timing analysis technology, the expansion of SBAS InSAR timing analysis method under Python framework is realized: image registration, resampling, selection of strong coherence points, interference pattern generation, interference pattern filtering, interference baseline refinement and strong coherence point phase timing analysis processing are performed on SAR data.

In step (2), the deformation signals of the linear and planar areas of the infrastructure in the coastal zone are converted, including:

The interferogram sequence is selected according to the spatiotemporal baseline and the azimuth scanning synchronization ratio, and the phase unwrapping error is automatically identified and corrected using the phase closure loop method. The atmospheric delay related to the InSAR terrain is corrected based on the atmospheric correction online service system.

In step (4), the near real-time realization of interferogram generation, strong coherence point detection, phase 2D/3D unwrapping, atmospheric error estimation and shape extraction by combining with the RT-GSAR real-time ground-based radar processing system includes:

The range spectrum method is used to estimate and correct the ionospheric phase screen of the interference pattern affected by the ionosphere, and the SBAS method for distributed targets is used to obtain the coastal time-series InSAR with low coherence. A pre-defined function dictionary is used to express the temporal characteristics of surface deformation, and the network orbit correction method is used to iteratively estimate the deformation rate and orbit slope parameters; the function dictionary includes linear, polynomial, power function, exponential decay, seasonal, and B-spline functions.

Furthermore, the method of using the distributed target-oriented SBAS method to obtain the coastal zone time series InSAR with low coherence, using a predefined function dictionary to express the temporal characteristics of surface deformation, and using the network track correction method to iteratively estimate the deformation rate and track slope parameters includes:

The conversion between three-dimensional deformation components and InSAR observations is achieved according to the following formula:

Where θ is the incident angle, is the satellite heading angle, and the relationship between the vertical component and the LOS (satellite line of sight) displacement is: d _U = d _LOS / cosθ; d _LOS is the LOS direction displacement, d _AZO is the component of the horizontal displacement in the satellite heading, d _E is the eastward displacement, d _N is the northward displacement, and d _U is the vertical displacement;

The simultaneous equations are formed according to the SBAS algorithm to solve the deformation time series, average linear velocity, and residual terrain error. The multi-mode and multi-orbit InSAR data are used to carry out internal accuracy verification. The InSAR time series analysis results and uncertainties are evaluated by combining the GPS or leveling observation data in the survey area. The vertical Z _vel and horizontal H _vel deformation rates are obtained by integrating the ascending and descending orbit LOS velocity (Asc _vel , Des _vel ) using the following formula, and the SAR information is projected into the GPS coordinate frame, where: Represent the incident angle and satellite heading angle respectively:

Where Z _vel is the vertical deformation rate, H _vel is the horizontal deformation rate, Asc _vel is the orbit raising rate, Des _vel is the orbit lowering rate, θ _ASC is the orbit raising incident angle, θ _Des is the orbit lowering incident angle, is the ascending track heading angle, /> is the descending orbit heading angle.

In step S2, extracting fine deformation features and analyzing the deformation inducing mechanism includes:

In view of the coupling effect of sea level rise and ground subsidence, the vertical deformation rate of the large-scale surface in the coastal zone is used in combination with precise terrain data to assess the impact on infrastructure. The spatial static response analysis of the coastal zone to different sea level rise scenarios is carried out, the surface vertical deformation of infrastructure is continuously monitored, and the deformation physical model of its response to global climate change is obtained.

In step S3, the establishment of a coastal zone infrastructure ground deformation and environmental parameter database and the establishment of a coastal zone infrastructure deformation early warning and decision support system include:

Cloud computing and grid processing are used to build a prototype of the earth observation and evaluation system for coastal infrastructure. By conducting near-real-time monitoring of the vertical deformation of coastal infrastructure, real-time evaluation of the health of coastal infrastructure is carried out, including early warning of deformation damage caused by typhoons and storm surges.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a coastal dam safety monitoring and early warning system, which implements a coastal dam safety monitoring and early warning method, and the system includes:

Multi-source earth observation module, used to integrate satellite, air, ground, coastal, and underwater multi-source remote sensing information and field data acquisition, observation, and processing;

InSAR data processing module, used for multi-source SAR data differential interferometry, phase error source correction and InSAR timing analysis;

The coastal deformation monitoring module is used to evaluate the coastal inundation response related to relative sea level changes. Sea level changes include the superposition effect of absolute sea level changes and ground subsidence.

Combining all the above-mentioned technical solutions, the advantages and positive effects of the present invention are as follows: the present invention targets the superimposed influence of ground subsidence factors, improves the precise monitoring means of major coastal infrastructure, builds an early warning and evaluation system for infrastructure to cope with sea level and climate change, and provides a scientific basis for decision-making in departments such as urban planning, coastal development, environmental protection and engineering construction.

The present invention solves the problem of how to integrate "air-space-ground" multi-source earth observation technology to achieve accurate monitoring of ground deformation of coastal infrastructure. Multi-source earth observation data (such as GNSS, space-borne/ground-based InSAR, UAV Lidar, etc.) can be used to obtain observation parameters such as three-dimensional topography/geomorphology, three-dimensional deformation, and meteorology. Combined with mathematical/physical models such as various geological structures, storm surges, coastal dynamics, and fault activity, the present invention integrates multi-source earth observation parameters to achieve a systematic evaluation of the structural health of coastal infrastructure.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The accompanying drawings herein are incorporated in and constitute a part of the specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the present disclosure, and together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the present disclosure;

FIG1 is a schematic diagram of a coastal dam safety monitoring and early warning system provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG2 is a schematic diagram of a coastal dam safety monitoring and early warning system provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

3 is a flow chart of a coastal dam safety monitoring and early warning method provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

In the figure: 1. Multi-source earth observation module; 2. InSAR data processing module; 3. Coastal deformation monitoring module.

Detailed ways

In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the specific embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. In the following description, many specific details are set forth to facilitate a full understanding of the present invention. However, the present invention can be implemented in many other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar improvements without violating the connotation of the present invention, so the present invention is not limited by the specific implementation disclosed below.

The innovation of the coastal embankment safety monitoring and early warning system and method provided by the embodiment of the present invention is that the present invention integrates the "air-space-ground" multi-source earth observation technology to achieve full coverage and high-precision monitoring of infrastructure in coastal areas at different time and space scales, including full-range monitoring from "tidal flats-seawalls-underwater" to fine detection of "seawalls-cracks-seepage", and response analysis at different time scales from "long-term evolution-cumulative effect" to "real-time dynamics-disaster warning". A multi-factor database is built to reveal the response mechanism of infrastructure ground deformation to sea level changes under the long-term scale of climate change and short-term events of storm surges. In terms of risk assessment of coastal cities and major infrastructure adapting to climate change, based on two typical demonstration areas, a delta in China and the Kalochori delta in Greece, a ground deformation evaluation and early warning system for infrastructure in coastal areas is developed based on technical complementarity to provide technical support for the comprehensive management and construction of the coastal zone.

Embodiment 1: The coastal dam safety monitoring and early warning method provided by the embodiment of the present invention includes:

S1, based on the deformation monitoring technology of multi-source earth observation, build a full coverage observation system from surface to point, and build a monitoring system of ocean dynamics and underwater seabed changes with different time scales and intensity from normal to event;

S2, determine the macro deformation characteristics and key monitoring areas of coastal infrastructure based on multi-source observation technology, extract fine deformation characteristics, and analyze the deformation inducing mechanism;

S3. Establish a database of ground deformation and environmental parameters for coastal infrastructure, and establish a coastal infrastructure deformation early warning and decision support system.

Ground deformation is a key factor in the safety and stability of coastal infrastructure, which is closely related to geological, climatic and hydrological factors such as tectonic movement, sea level change, storm surge, etc. Therefore, the present invention monitors and analyzes the deformation of infrastructure such as coastal protection levees, ports, and artificial islands, and develops a multi-parameter fusion monitoring and evaluation system.

As another embodiment of the present invention, the coastal dam safety monitoring and early warning method provided by the embodiment of the present invention includes:

(1) Integration of near-real-time vertical deformation monitoring technologies based on multi-source earth observation:

① Accurate infrastructure survey technology:

Based on multi-source (such as Sentinel-1A/1B, Gaofen-3, TerraSAR-X, COSMO-SkyMed, ALOS-2) multi-phase satellite-borne InSAR time series analysis technology, a census of the infrastructure in the study area was conducted, and atmospheric numerical models (such as high-resolution ECMWF) and ground-based observation data (such as GNSS) were combined to weaken the impact of InSAR atmospheric water vapor and identify and delineate key deformation areas.

②Integration of fine and continuous monitoring technology for key deformation areas:

Integrate GNSS, InSAR, UAV, geological radar, 3D laser scanning and other technologies to achieve continuous monitoring of key deformation areas of infrastructure such as dams, seaports and artificial islands, including:

Dam body three-dimensional shape detection technology: Based on three-dimensional laser scanning technology, accurately map the three-dimensional shape of the above-water part of the dam body; use three-dimensional real-time imaging sonar technology to accurately obtain the underwater three-dimensional structure of structures such as dams; establish a high-precision and high-resolution three-dimensional digital model of the dam body.

Dam structure detection technology: Based on geological radar, it detects cracks, leakage and other safety hazards in dams, ports and artificial islands, and accurately identifies the nature and location of potential hazards in engineering structures.

Dam surface deformation monitoring: Use multi-source satellite-borne InSAR to conduct repeated and continuous monitoring at multiple angles, and consider using GNSS to achieve real-time monitoring of key deformation areas; for extremely critical infrastructure, consider using ground-based radar (GBSAR) to achieve near-real-time high-temporal and spatial resolution monitoring.

③Coastal environment monitoring technology:

Integrate depth sounders, shallow layer profilers, seafloor observatories, and three-dimensional seabed erosion and deposition numerical models to monitor the stability of infrastructure in response to changes in the marine environment, including:

Foundation stability detection technology: Use a depth sounder to measure the water depth and topography around the infrastructure to find out the erosion and hollowing of seawalls and the scouring of artificial islands. Use a shallow layer profiler to detect the stratigraphic structure around dams, seaports and artificial islands, and combine it with engineering geological drilling to determine the foundation stability.

Ocean dynamic observation technology: deploy seabed observation station systems, geological radars and shallow profiling lines in key sea areas to monitor the response of seabed changes to earthquakes, storm surges, waves, water levels, etc.

Establish a three-dimensional seabed erosion and siltation numerical model: carry out numerical simulation and prediction of seabed erosion and siltation changes in infrastructure environment waters under the influence of meteorology, sea level, ocean dynamics, etc.

(2) Detailed characteristics and induction mechanisms of ground deformation of coastal infrastructure:

Based on the integrated precise and continuous monitoring technology of key deformation areas, the detailed features of ground deformation and the analysis of its inducing mechanism are carried out.

① Detailed features of land surface deformation:

A survey of vertical deformation in different areas of the Yellow River Delta and Kalochori Delta, including seaports, estuaries, wetlands, seawalls, artificial islands, etc., was conducted, and key deformation areas were selected to carry out high-precision and continuous monitoring of vertical deformation, horizontal displacement, and facility cracks.

② Characteristics of underwater ground changes and their response to the marine environment:

Through field investigations and combined with historical measurement data, the characteristics of underwater ground changes in the sea areas surrounding the infrastructure are studied, and the effects and mutual influences of ground subsidence, sea level changes, structures, earthquakes, dike hollowing, and seabed erosion rates in key areas (seawalls, artificial islands) are analyzed.

②Analysis of ground deformation mechanism of coastal infrastructure:

Based on seabed-based observations and three-dimensional numerical models, we conduct analysis on ground deformation mechanisms and study the responses of vertical deformation of infrastructure, seawall hollowing, seabed erosion, etc. to sea level changes, storm surges and strong waves, ground subsidence, tectonic movements, and seismic activities.

(3) Ground deformation assessment and early warning system for coastal infrastructure:

① Database of ground deformation and environmental parameters of coastal infrastructure:

Establish a basic geographic information database (including administration, roads, high-resolution DEM, water systems, etc.), a geological conditions database (including structure, earthquakes, ground subsidence, etc.), an infrastructure ground deformation database (including engineering facility layout, vertical deformation, fine structure, etc.), and a marine environment database (including storm surges, sea level changes, waves, tides, currents, etc.).

②Ground deformation evaluation system:

Based on the above-mentioned databases of various factors, the classification of ocean dynamics level, ground deformation level, and infrastructure damage level is studied; ground deformation evaluation parameters are extracted, a ground deformation evaluation system is established, ground deformation level standards are determined, and a ground deformation evaluation system is constructed.

③ Early warning and decision support system:

Based on multi-source earth observation integration technology, analysis of the inducing mechanism of ground deformation and ground deformation evaluation system, a prototype of the network decision support system is developed. By conducting near real-time monitoring of the vertical deformation of coastal infrastructure, the health of coastal infrastructure is evaluated in real time, especially early warning of deformation damage caused by typhoons, storm surges, etc., to provide support for coastal planning and management and government emergency decision-making.

Embodiment 2, as shown in FIG1 , the coastal dam safety monitoring and early warning system provided by the embodiment of the present invention includes:

Multi-source earth observation module 1, used to integrate satellite, air, ground, coastal, underwater multi-source remote sensing information and field data acquisition, observation, processing, etc.;

InSAR data processing module 2 is the core module for earth observation data acquisition and analysis, used for multi-source SAR data differential interferometry, phase error source correction and InSAR timing analysis;

Coastal deformation monitoring module 3 is used for coastal inundation response assessment related to relative sea level change (the superposition effect of absolute sea level change and ground subsidence, etc.).

As shown in FIG. 2 , it is the principle of the coastal dam safety monitoring and early warning system provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the multi-source earth observation module 1 includes:

(1) Long-term monitoring of surface deformation based on InSAR technology: Use TanDEM-X SAR data to generate high-precision and high-resolution DEM of the study area; use InSAR time series analysis technology (InSAR TS+AEM) to extract deformation signals of coastal surface areas and generate surface deformation maps and other products; use artificial corner reflectors to assist in the deployment of low-coherence areas such as wetlands and farmlands to carry out infrastructure deformation monitoring and obtain the annual average deformation rate.

(2) Real-time monitoring of multi-system GNSS: Continuously operating reference station systems (CORS) and real-time kinematic mobile stations (RTK) are deployed at key locations in the study area to carry out multi-system (GPS, BDS, GLONASS, etc.), multi-frequency (single frequency, dual frequency, etc.), and multi-mode (single difference, double difference, etc.) observations to accurately obtain three-dimensional point positions (BLH, XYZ), large-scale mapping, and displacement and deformation rate of key locations (such as dams, roads, oil wells, corner reflectors, etc.).

(3) UAV aerial photography: Using UAV oblique photography equipped with RTK module can achieve high-efficiency and high-precision terrain measurement and image acquisition in small and medium-sized areas, with an accuracy of up to centimeter level.

(4) On-site remote sensing observation based on the ground-based SAR (GBSAR) system: It has the characteristics of high temporal and spatial resolution and flexible station setting. It can obtain deformation in any radar line of sight direction, solving the defects of limited data volume, long revisit period and insensitivity of north-south deformation monitoring of space-borne SAR.

(5) Tidal flat monitoring based on LiDAR: The delta tidal flat is difficult to monitor due to its large area and special terrain. Laser has the characteristics of active detection, flexible operation time, accurate measurement of ground height and complete absorption by water area. It can be applied to coastline extraction, coastline change monitoring, tidal flat mapping, island mapping, and beach ground subsidence analysis.

(6) Geological radar detection: Use ultra-high frequency short-pulse electromagnetic waves to detect cracks, seepage and other damaged parts of structures such as dams, ports and artificial islands for positioning and identification.

(7) Install displacement and deformation monitoring sensors at key locations for real-time monitoring. Through the wireless communication technology of the Internet of Things, data can be continuously transmitted to the cloud platform in real time. After being processed and converted by tools (cleaning, standardization, deduplication, reconstruction, etc.), the data is loaded into the database.

(8) Shallow layer profile detection: Use sound waves to detect the shallow layer profile structure around structures such as dams and artificial islands, especially the changes in the foundation and layer structure under natural effects such as big waves and earthquakes.

(9) Three-dimensional real-time imaging sonar detection. Three-dimensional sonar detection technology adds depth information to the traditional side-scan sonar, and can accurately obtain three-dimensional spatial morphological information such as erosion and suspension at the root of the dam. It is combined with multi-beam bathymetry to conduct full coverage measurement of the underwater terrain in a strip-like manner.

(10) In-situ seabed observations: Use in-situ observation equipment such as water level gauges, acoustic Doppler current profilers (ADCPs), and wave dragons to simultaneously observe dynamic factors around infrastructure under the influence of storm surges, waves, and water levels. The observation time should be arranged in winter and summer, and the observation period should include storm surge processes.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the three-dimensional seabed erosion and deposition numerical model and storm surge warning include:

Based on the advanced delta geomorphological evolution numerical model Delft3D, a three-dimensional high-precision delta water increase, wave, tide and current coupling numerical model is established.

The model is verified using ground measured data to study the response process and mechanism of the deformation process of facilities such as dams and seaports to ocean dynamics, especially storm surges and strong waves.

In order to improve the resolution of the sea area, the model uses nested grids, and the resolution of the small grid should be less than 50m.

In an embodiment of the present invention, static flooding vulnerability analysis of coastal infrastructure:

Based on the precise digital elevation model, sea level rise scenario, ground movement rate, etc., the long-term coastal elevation is corrected (as shown in the following formula), the static response of coastal flooding under the background of relative sea level rise is evaluated, and the flood vulnerability risk prediction results are obtained using spatial analysis technology:

H _correction (Lat, Lon, t)

= _Hcurrent (Lat, Lon) - _{Hsea level} (Lat, Lon, t) + _{Hvertical ground motion} (Lat, Lon, t) + _Δerror

Wherein, _Hcorrection (Lat, Lon, t) represents the predicted value of inundation at a certain time in the future, _Hcurrent (Lat, Lon) represents the current ground elevation, _{Hsea level} (Lat, Lon, t) represents the predicted value of sea level at a certain time in the future, and _{Hvertical ground motion} (Lat, Lon, t) represents the predicted value of ground deformation at a certain time in the future. In the ground deformation at a certain time in the future, if the ground deformation rises, the predicted value is positive, and if the ground deformation rises, the predicted value is negative. _Δerror represents the residual error.

In the embodiment of the present invention, the network decision support system prototype:

Network processing system: including GIS database, machine learning, target-oriented image analysis, sample training, feature detection, change detection, data analysis and reporting.

Decision support system: Comprehensively utilize environmental, socio-economic and other auxiliary data to provide disaster reduction strategies and actions.

Visual browsing system: including interactive browsing of classification maps, change detection maps, disaster maps, and three-dimensional terrain maps.

Embodiment 3 In the embodiment of the present invention, as another implementation mode of the present invention, the coastal dam safety monitoring and early warning method provided by the embodiment of the present invention includes:

(1) First, determine the basic characteristics of the types, distribution, and age of major infrastructure in cities and industries in each coastal zone, including transportation, environment, energy, and communications facilities;

(2) Then, the multi-phase spaceborne InSAR time series analysis technology was used to survey the infrastructure of each demonstration area and identify key deformation areas. The two sides then cooperated to integrate multi-system GNSS, spaceborne/ground-based InSAR, UAV, 3D laser scanning and other technologies to continuously monitor key areas;

(3) Establish an automated processing and analysis system for high-resolution InSAR and high-frequency GNSS data, and make comprehensive use of atmospheric numerical models (such as high-resolution ECMWF) and ground-based observation data (such as GNSS) to reduce the influence of atmospheric water vapor on InSAR. Based on the previously independently developed InSAR time series analysis software, refine the time series analysis algorithm to achieve parallel, near-real-time, and automated processing of large-scale, massive data.

(4) By integrating InSAR and GNSS observation data from multiple sources, the surface deformation variables are accurately extracted, and high-precision vertical deformation fields of the respective demonstration areas are generated. A sediment-structure interaction model is collaboratively constructed to reveal the deformation activity laws of infrastructure;

(5) Finally, by quantitatively identifying ground subsidence in the demonstration area and local subsidence of the project, and jointly evaluating the vertical deformation effect and coastal safety caused by the coupling of ground subsidence and sea level rise, the two sides will jointly formulate disaster risk assessment and early warning assessment standards to reduce the impact of geological disasters related to climate change.

In the embodiments of the present invention, the technologies used include: (1) satellite remote sensing and ocean mapping technology: it has one set of unmanned aerial vehicle oblique photography system, one set of unmanned aerial vehicle orthophoto system, one set of three-dimensional laser scanner, one set of geological radar, and multiple high-performance satellite remote sensing data processing servers and workstations. It has installed and proficiently used mainstream commercial, open source and self-developed software such as ENVI, ArcGIS, GAMMA, Gamit/GLOBK, JPL ISCE, GMTSAR, InSAR TS+AEM, etc., and can carry out GNSS data, optical and radar remote sensing data batch processing and unmanned aerial vehicle and three-dimensional laser scanning data processing under Linux/Unix systems.

(2) Marine engineering safety assurance technology: We have integrated and developed marine engineering environment on-site detection and monitoring technology, established a submarine engineering safety evaluation model, and provided technical assurance for the safe operation of coastal dams and oil production platform-pipelines. In the engineering application of shallow-water oil fields, we have created economic value of more than RMB 12 billion for the oil fields and achieved good social benefits.

(3) Geophysical exploration technology: We use a series of technologies such as marine geophysical information data collection, processing, interpretation, and resource evaluation to analyze basic geological surveys in sensitive sea areas, filling the gap in high-precision and high-resolution marine seismic data in the sea area and creating economic benefits of RMB 130 million.

(4) Numerical computing technology: Using advanced ocean numerical models such as FVCOM, Delf3D, ROMS, and SWAN, we have successfully carried out numerical simulation studies on extreme weather surge in Laizhou Bay, wave and current coupling numerical calculations, key parameter design of marine engineering environment for Qingdong artificial island, and material transport in the Bohai and Yellow Seas during winter gales. We have extensive experience in numerical simulations of ocean dynamics changes and seabed erosion under the influence of extreme weather events.

Example 4, in the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIG3, as another implementation method, the coastal embankment safety monitoring and early warning method provided in the embodiment of the present invention mainly aims to combine the European "Copernicus Sentinel Series" and collaborative missions (Sentinel-1/2/3) and "Gaofen Series" (GF-1/2/3) satellites, and use a variety of earth observation technologies (InSAR, GNSS, UAV, laser scanning, etc.) to develop a near real-time monitoring, early warning and decision support system for vertical deformation of coastal infrastructure, specifically including:

Step 1: Deformation monitoring technology based on multi-source earth observation:

(1) The basic 6 m DEM digital elevation model of the study area was generated using TanDEM satellite data and InSAR technology.

(2) Use InSAR technology to conduct a full-area survey and regular updates, select key monitoring areas, and use the advanced InSAR time series analysis technology module to monitor distributed targets and permanent scattering targets based on the long-term InSAR monitoring results of coastal deformation, and convert the deformation signals of linear and surface areas of infrastructure in coastal areas.

The latest Linux version of GAMMA software is used to carry out SAR image interferometry processing, and the whole process of various SAR data (Sentinel-1, ALOS-1/2 PALSAR, Envisat ASAR, ERS-1/2, etc.) from single-look complex images (SLC) to digital elevation models, surface deformation maps and other products under the Python framework is realized. Based on the developed InSAR TS+AEM timing analysis platform, the expansion of SBAS InSAR timing analysis methods under the Python framework is realized: image registration, resampling, selection of strong coherent points (PS points and distributed targets), interferogram generation, interferogram filtering, interferometric baseline refinement and strong coherence point phase timing analysis are performed on SAR data.

The interferogram sequence is selected according to the spatiotemporal baseline and the azimuth scanning synchronization ratio, and the phase unwrapping error is automatically identified and corrected using the phase closed loop method; the atmospheric delay related to the InSAR terrain is corrected based on the Atmospheric Correction Online Service System (GACOS), which estimates the zenith tropospheric delay using high-resolution European Mesoscale Meteorological Products (ECMWF), GNSS tropospheric delay products and high-precision DEM data; the range-wise Split-Spectrum method is used to estimate and correct the interferogram ionospheric phase screen (ALOS-1/2PALSAR or Sentinel-1) affected by the ionosphere; the SBAS method for distributed targets is used to carry out time-series InSAR research on coastal zones with low coherence, and a pre-defined function dictionary (linear, polynomial, power function, exponential decay, seasonal, B-spline function, etc.) is used to express the temporal characteristics of surface deformation, and the network orbit correction method is used to iteratively estimate the deformation rate and orbit slope parameters.

The conversion between three-dimensional deformation components and InSAR observations is achieved according to the following formula:

Where θ is the incident angle, is the satellite heading angle, and the relationship between the vertical component and the LOS (satellite line of sight) displacement is: d _U =d _LOS /cosθ; d _LOS is the LOS direction displacement, d _AZO is the component of the horizontal displacement in the satellite heading, d _E is the eastward displacement, d _N is the northward displacement, and d _U is the vertical displacement.

The simultaneous equations are formed according to the SBAS algorithm to solve the deformation time series, average linear velocity, and residual terrain error. The multi-mode and multi-orbit InSAR data are used to carry out internal accuracy verification. The InSAR time series analysis results and uncertainties are evaluated by combining the GPS or leveling observation data in the survey area. The vertical Z _vel and horizontal H _vel deformation rates are obtained by integrating the ascending and descending orbit LOS velocity (Asc _vel , Des _vel ) using the following formula, and the SAR information is projected into the GPS coordinate frame, where: Represent the incident angle and satellite heading angle respectively:

Where Z _vel is the vertical deformation rate, H _vel is the horizontal deformation rate, Asc _vel is the orbit raising rate, Des _vel is the orbit lowering rate, θ _ASC is the orbit raising incident angle, θ _Des is the orbit lowering incident angle, is the ascending track heading angle, /> is the descending orbit heading angle.

(3) Use airborne scanning technologies such as UAV Lidar or UAV Camera to extract coastlines, monitor coastline changes, conduct tidal flat mapping, island mapping, beach ground subsidence, and disaster analysis. At the same time, cooperate with multi-beam bathymetric systems to conduct full coverage measurement of underwater terrain.

UAV Lidar or UAV Camera is used to make high-precision DEM for key areas. The marine mudflat survey area is large and has special terrain. Airborne three-dimensional laser scanning technology (LiDAR) is used to achieve uncontrolled operation. The laser active detection operation time is flexible, and it has the characteristics of accurately measuring ground height and being completely absorbed by the water area. It is used in coastline extraction, coastline change monitoring, mudflat mapping, island mapping, beach ground subsidence, disaster analysis, etc. At the same time, it cooperates with the multi-beam bathymetry system to make full coverage measurement of underwater terrain in a strip manner.

(4) Using the ground-based synthetic aperture radar system (GBSAR) for on-site remote sensing observation of infrastructure, combined with a real-time ground-based radar processing system, interferogram generation, strong coherence point detection, phase 2D/3D unwrapping, atmospheric error estimation, and shape extraction can be achieved in near real time.

The ground-based synthetic aperture radar (GBSAR) system is used to carry out on-site remote sensing observations of infrastructure. Ground-based InSAR has considerable advantages in surface deformation monitoring due to its high temporal and spatial resolution and flexible station setting. It can obtain deformation in any radar line of sight direction, solving the defects of limited data volume, long revisit period and insensitivity of north-south deformation monitoring of space-borne SAR. A real-time ground-based radar (RT-GSAR) processing system has been successfully developed, which can realize functions such as interferogram generation, strong coherence point detection, phase 2D/3D unwrapping, atmospheric error estimation and deformation extraction in near real time.

(5) InSAR is regularly updated for the main part of the dam, and Multi-GNSS is used for real-time monitoring on the top road surface and seaward slope of the dam;

(6) Analyze sea level changes using historical tide gauge and GNSS data;

(7) A full-coverage observation system from surface to point will be established through long-term high-precision surveys based on InSAR, supplementary surveys of tidal flats based on airborne 3D laser scanning technology, and detailed monitoring of key areas based on ground-based synthetic aperture radar (GBSAR), geological radar, and drones. In addition, a monitoring system for ocean dynamics and underwater seabed changes with different time scales and intensities from normal to event will be established by selecting key locations of coastal infrastructure.

Step 2: Extraction of fine deformation features and induction mechanism:

Based on multi-source observation technology, the macro deformation characteristics and key monitoring areas of coastal infrastructure are determined, and the fine deformation characteristics are further extracted to analyze the deformation inducing mechanism. Considering the coupling effect of sea level rise and ground subsidence, the vertical deformation rate of the large-scale surface of the coastal zone is used, and the impact on infrastructure is evaluated by combining precise terrain data. The spatial static response analysis of the coastal zone to different sea level rise scenarios is carried out, and the driving force of coastal deformation and its dynamic significance are discussed. The surface vertical deformation of infrastructure in the Yellow River Delta of China and the Kalochori Delta of Greece is continuously monitored to reveal the physical model of deformation in response to global climate change.

Step 3: Infrastructure deformation assessment and decision support system:

By establishing a database of ground deformation and environmental parameters of coastal infrastructure, developing a ground deformation evaluation system (evaluation parameters, system and grade standards), and establishing a deformation warning and decision support system for coastal infrastructure. Based on the research results and basic platform of the previous international cooperation project (INDES MUSA) of the Greek partner, cloud computing and grid processing are used to build a prototype of the earth observation and evaluation system for coastal infrastructure. By conducting near-real-time monitoring of the vertical deformation of coastal infrastructure, the health of coastal infrastructure is evaluated in real time, especially early warning of deformation damage such as typhoons and storm surges, providing support for coastal planning management and emergency decision-making.

It can be seen from the above embodiments that the present invention has many aspects of industry-university-research value, and the indicators achieved are reflected in:

Scientific indicators: By determining the ground movement in the coastal zone (such as natural sedimentation, ground subsidence related to human activities, industrial development, etc.), we can gain a deeper understanding of relative sea level changes and coastal inundation vulnerability, further reveal the process and mechanism of vertical deformation of coastal infrastructure in the delta area, and then infer the response mechanism of coastal infrastructure under the combined effects of global sea level changes and intensive human activities.

Technical indicators: Based on the fusion, processing and information extraction of multi-source earth observation data such as SAR, optical remote sensing, GNSS, and UAV, jointly develop network decision support system prototypes and software that can warn and evaluate the response, reduction and adaptation of coastal infrastructure to climate change and natural disasters.

Industry indicators: Through the joint development of a multi-source earth observation system for the coastal zone, it has been applied and demonstrated in relevant government departments in the coastal zone, and provided value-added services in the tourism industry, environmental protection industry, and financial insurance industry.

Scientific value: Based on the cloud computing earth observation platform, a multi-parameter evaluation standard application is developed, and a soil-structure interaction model is proposed for coastal infrastructure monitoring and quantitative assessment of spatiotemporal changes, as well as its promotion and application in coastal areas.

Social benefits: By strengthening the use of satellite data and earth observation applications, operational downstream services that meet environmental management and disaster prevention and mitigation goals are provided.

Economic benefits: It can provide technical support for ports and coastal engineering, industrial bases, oil fields, maritime departments, land planning departments, insurance companies, travel companies and other departments in the study area.

Ecological benefits: It can provide vulnerability analysis such as coastal inundation range for the study area, and provide support for sustainable development and environmental protection such as wetlands, green spaces, farmlands, fresh water utilization, and storm surge flood prevention.

The present invention relates to an apparatus comprising:

(1) Field observation instruments include: a Hawa UAV with a flight time of 50 minutes, a UAV oblique photography system, a UAV orthophoto system, a 3D laser scanner, a geological radar, 3 multi-beam bathymetric systems, 2 side-scan sonars, 3 shallow-layer profilers, 8 high-precision GPS, 2 satellite communication systems, and various instruments and equipment for bottom sediments and columnar samples; (2) Indoor test instruments mainly include an ICP-MS system, 2 laser particle size analyzers, an X-ray fluorescence diffractometer, a magnetic susceptibility meter, a core grayscale meter, an image analyzer, and various microscope systems; (3) The seafloor observation system includes 6 shelf shallow-sea observation systems and 2 deep-sea observation systems.

Computing power: Polaris high-performance computer. The CPU has a total of 3132 cores, with a peak computing power of about 33.32 trillion times per second, an actual measured 29 trillion times per second, and an efficiency of 89.8%; a single node uses two Intel Xeon 5650 CPUs, each with 12 cores and a main frequency of 2.6GHz; a high-speed parallel file storage system with a raw capacity of 400T.

In the above embodiments, the description of each embodiment has its own emphasis. For parts that are not described or recorded in detail in a certain embodiment, reference can be made to the relevant descriptions of other embodiments.

Since the information interaction, execution process, etc. between the above-mentioned devices/units are based on the same concept as the method embodiment of the present invention, their specific functions and technical effects can be found in the method embodiment part and will not be repeated here.

Those skilled in the art can clearly understand that for the convenience and simplicity of description, only the division of the above-mentioned functional units and modules is used as an example for illustration. In practical applications, the above-mentioned function allocation can be completed by different functional units and modules as needed, that is, the internal structure of the device can be divided into different functional units or modules to complete all or part of the functions described above. The functional units and modules in the embodiment can be integrated in a processing unit, or each unit can exist physically separately, or two or more units can be integrated in one unit. The above-mentioned integrated unit can be implemented in the form of hardware or in the form of software functional units. In addition, the specific names of the functional units and modules are only for the convenience of distinguishing each other, and are not used to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. The specific working process of the units and modules in the above-mentioned system can refer to the corresponding process in the aforementioned method embodiment.

Based on the technical solutions described in the above embodiments of the present invention, the following application examples can be further proposed.

According to an embodiment of the present application, the present invention also provides a computer device, which includes: at least one processor, a memory, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the at least one processor, wherein the processor implements the steps in any of the above-mentioned method embodiments when executing the computer program.

An embodiment of the present invention further provides a computer-readable storage medium, wherein the computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps in the above-mentioned method embodiments can be implemented.

An embodiment of the present invention further provides an information data processing terminal, which, when executed on an electronic device, provides a user input interface to implement the steps in the above method embodiments. The information data processing terminal is not limited to mobile phones, computers, and switches.

An embodiment of the present invention further provides a server, which is used to provide a user input interface to implement the steps in the above method embodiments when executed on an electronic device.

An embodiment of the present invention further provides a computer program product. When the computer program product is run on an electronic device, the electronic device can implement the steps in the above-mentioned method embodiments when executing the computer program product.

If the integrated unit is implemented in the form of a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the present application implements all or part of the processes in the above-mentioned embodiment method, which can be completed by instructing the relevant hardware through a computer program. The computer program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, and the computer program can implement the steps of the above-mentioned various method embodiments when executed by the processor. Among them, the computer program includes computer program code, and the computer program code can be in source code form, object code form, executable file or some intermediate form. The computer-readable medium may at least include: any entity or device that can carry the computer program code to the camera/terminal device, a recording medium, a computer memory, a read-only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), an electrical carrier signal, a telecommunication signal, and a software distribution medium. For example, a USB flash drive, a mobile hard disk, a disk or an optical disk.

In order to further demonstrate the positive effects of the above embodiment, the present invention conducts the following experiments based on the above technical solution.

The present invention conducts surveys in coastal areas, radar remote sensing (InSAR error analysis, InSAR time series analysis technology, polarimetric SAR feature classification, etc.), deformation monitoring, and tide observation and simulation, and has carried out geological surveys and research work in a number of typical coastal areas.

In the theoretical research of satellite geodesy, the idea of fusing multi-source external atmospheric water vapor data was proposed and implemented to weaken the influence of tropospheric delay effect on satellite radar image interferometry (InSAR) observations; based on the iterative tropospheric decomposition model, the first universal InSAR atmospheric correction online service system (GACOS, Yu et al., 2017, 2018) was developed and released, realizing all-weather, all-day, and global coverage of atmospheric tropospheric corrections for monitoring technologies such as InSAR, and improving the accuracy of InSAR deformation variables over a large range from several centimeters to sub-centimeter level.

The present invention develops high-precision InSAR timing analysis software (InSAR TS+PWV and InSAR TS+AEM), which can not only be used to extract large-scale (250km×100km) deformation rate maps with an accuracy of up to 0.5mm/year, but also estimate the atmospheric delay with an accuracy of up to about 5mm (which can be used for atmospheric numerical model research).

The present invention has accumulated a large amount of field observation data (topography, geomorphology, geology, hydrology, etc.) and SAR remote sensing images in coastal areas, which are supplemented by regular field GNSS, tide level and other observations to support the development and research of infrastructure monitoring, time-series InSAR application and evaluation systems in coastal areas.

In the application of satellite geodetic technology to the monitoring of surface subsidence disasters induced by human activities, the temporal and spatial changes of ground subsidence related to human activities (groundwater, coal mining, oil and natural gas extraction) in multiple regions have been extracted using archived data over the years. The mechanism of occurrence of subsidence disasters and their development trend have been determined in combination with geological conditions. For example:

In the early stage of this invention, satellite geodesy and environmental remote sensing (GNSS/InSAR, etc.) were used to carry out systematic research on geological disasters (plate movement, earthquakes, volcanoes, landslides, ground subsidence, etc.), environmental changes (coastal erosion, etc.), precision agriculture, etc., made new developments and breakthroughs in theory and methods, and developed multiple sets of software.

The above description is only a preferred specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made by any technician familiar with the technical field within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention and within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. The coastal dyke safety monitoring and early warning method is characterized in that the method integrates an air-day-ground multisource earth observation technology, monitors different time space scales of an infrastructure in a coastal zone in a full-coverage mode, monitors seawall-crack-seepage fine detection from a beach-seawall-underwater full range, and analyzes response from long-term evolution-accumulation effect to real-time dynamic-disaster early warning time scales; based on the acquired full coverage monitoring information of different time-space scales of the infrastructures in the coastal zone, a multi-element database is built, and response data of ground deformation of the infrastructures to sea level change under the action of long time scales of climate change and short-term events of storm tide are acquired; the method specifically comprises the following steps:

s1, constructing a full-coverage observation system from surface to point and constructing a marine power and underwater seabed change monitoring system with different normal-event time scales and action intensities based on a deformation monitoring technology of multisource earth observation;

S2, determining macroscopic deformation characteristics and key monitoring areas of the coastal zone infrastructure according to a multi-source observation technology, extracting deformation fine characteristics, and analyzing a deformation induction mechanism;

s3, establishing a coastal zone infrastructure ground deformation and environmental parameter database, and establishing a coastal zone infrastructure deformation early warning and decision support system;

In step S1, the deformation monitoring technique based on multi-source earth observation includes:

(1) Generating a research area base 6m DEM digital elevation model by utilizing the TanDEM satellite data and the InSAR technology;

(2) Performing global census and periodic updating by using an InSAR technology, selecting an important monitoring area, aiming at a long-time InSAR monitoring result of the deformation of the coastal zone, monitoring a distributed target and a permanent scattering target by using an InSAR time sequence analysis technology module, and converting deformation signals of linear and planar areas of an infrastructure of the coastal zone;

(3) Carrying out coastline extraction, coastline change monitoring, beach mapping, island mapping, beach ground subsidence and disaster analysis by using an UAV Lidar airborne scanning technology or an UAV Camera airborne scanning technology, and simultaneously carrying out full coverage measurement on underwater topography by matching with a multi-beam sounding system;

(4) The method comprises the steps of utilizing a ground-based synthetic aperture radar system to perform on-site remote sensing observation of an infrastructure, combining an RT-GSAR real-time ground-based radar processing system, and realizing interferogram generation, strong coherent point detection, phase 2D/3D unwrapping, atmospheric error estimation and deformation extraction in near real time;

(5) The InSAR of the main body part of the dam is periodically updated, and Multi-GNSS real-time monitoring is used on the road surface at the top of the dam and the sea slope part;

(6) Analyzing sea level changes by using historical tide station data and GNSS data;

(7) InSAR-based long-time high-precision general survey and airborne three-dimensional laser scanning technology-based beach supplementary survey; the method comprises the steps of constructing a full-coverage observation system from surface to point based on ground-based synthetic aperture radar, geological radar and important area fine monitoring of an unmanned aerial vehicle; selecting a coastal zone infrastructure part, and constructing a marine power and underwater seabed change monitoring system with different normal-event time scales and action intensities;

in step S2, the extracting the deformation fine feature, and analyzing the induction mechanism of the deformation includes:

aiming at the coupling effect of sea level elevation and ground subsidence, the influence on the infrastructure is evaluated by utilizing the large-scale vertical deformation rate of the earth surface of the coastal zone and combining with precise topography data, the space static response analysis of the coastal zone on different sea level elevation scenes is carried out, the vertical deformation of the earth surface of the infrastructure is continuously monitored, and a deformation physical model of the response to global climate change is obtained;

in step S3, the establishing a database of land deformation and environmental parameters of the coastal zone infrastructure, and the establishing a system of deformation early warning and decision support of the coastal zone infrastructure comprises:

A model of a coastal zone infrastructure earth observation and evaluation system is constructed by adopting cloud computing and grid processing, and the coastal zone infrastructure health is evaluated in real time by carrying out near real-time monitoring on the vertical deformation of the coastal zone infrastructure, including early warning on typhoons and storm tide deformation damage.

2. The coastal dike safety monitoring and early warning method of claim 1, wherein in step (2), the global census and periodic updating using InSAR technology comprises:

and (3) adopting GAMMA software to perform SAR image interference processing to realize the whole process from single vision complex images to digital elevation models and surface deformation of SAR data under the Python frame.

3. The coastal dike safety monitoring and early warning method according to claim 1, wherein in the step (2), the monitoring the distributed targets and the permanently scattered targets by using the InSAR timing analysis technology module comprises:

The expansion of the SBAS InSAR time sequence analysis method under the Python frame is realized based on the InSAR time sequence analysis technology: and performing image registration, resampling, strong coherence point selection, interferogram generation, interferogram filtering, interference baseline refinement and strong coherence point phase sequence analysis processing on SAR data.

4. The coastal dike safety monitoring and early warning method according to claim 1, wherein in the step (2), the converted deformation signal of the linear and planar area of the coastal zone area infrastructure comprises:

according to the space-time base line and the azimuth scanning synchronous proportion, selecting an interferogram sequence, and automatically identifying and correcting a phase unwrapping error by using a phase closed loop method; and correcting the atmospheric delay of the InSAR terrain based on the atmospheric correction online service system.

5. The coast dyke safety monitoring and early warning method according to claim 1, wherein in the step (4), the combined RT-GSAR real-time ground-based radar processing system, the near real-time implementation of interferogram generation, strong coherence point detection, phase 2D/3D unwrapping, atmospheric error estimation and deformation extraction comprises:

Estimating and correcting an ionosphere phase screen of an interference pattern influenced by an ionosphere by adopting a distance-oriented frequency spectrum method, obtaining a coastal zone time sequence InSAR with lower coherence by utilizing an SBAS method facing a distributed target, expressing the surface deformation time characteristic by adopting a predefined function dictionary, and iteratively estimating the deformation rate and the track slope parameter by adopting a network track correction method; the function dictionary includes linear, polynomial, power function, exponential decay, seasonal, B-spline functions.

6. The coastal dyke safety monitoring and early warning method according to claim 5, wherein the obtaining the coastal zone time sequence InSAR with lower coherence by using the distributed object-oriented SBAS method, expressing the surface deformation time characteristic by using a predefined function dictionary, and iteratively estimating the deformation rate and the track slope parameters by using a network track correction method comprises:

The conversion of the three-dimensional deformation component and the InSAR observed quantity is realized according to the following steps:

Where θ is the incident angle, For the satellite course angle, the relationship between the vertical component and the LOS directional displacement is: d _U＝d_LOS/cosθ;d_LOS is LOS direction displacement, d _AZO is a component of horizontal displacement in satellite navigation direction, d _E is east displacement, d _N is north displacement, and d _U is vertical displacement;

Forming simultaneous equations by referring to an SBAS algorithm, solving deformation time sequences, average linear velocity and residual terrain errors, and carrying out internal coincidence precision checking by utilizing multi-mode and multi-track InSAR data; inSAR time sequence analysis results and uncertainty are evaluated by combining with a measured area GPS or level observation data, the following type is utilized to fuse the lifting rail LOS directional velocity (Asc _vel,Des_vel) to obtain the deformation velocity of the vertical Z _vel and the horizontal H _vel, SAR information is projected to a GPS coordinate frame, wherein Representing the angle of incidence and the satellite heading angle, respectively:

Wherein Z _vel is the vertical deformation rate, H _vel is the horizontal deformation rate, asc _vel is the derailment rate, des _vel is the derailment rate, θ _ASC is the derailment angle of incidence, θ _Des is the derailment angle of incidence, For the course angle of the lifting rail,/>Is the derailment course angle.

7. A coastal dike safety monitoring and early warning system, characterized in that the system implements the coastal dike safety monitoring and early warning method according to any one of claims 1-6, the system comprises:

the multisource earth observation module (1) is used for acquiring, observing and processing the multisource remote sensing information and the field data of a fusion satellite, the air, the ground, the coast and the underwater;

the InSAR data processing module (2) is used for multisource SAR data differential interferometry, phase error source correction and InSAR time sequence analysis;

And the coastal zone deformation monitoring module (3) is used for evaluating coastal zone inundation response related to sea level changes, wherein the sea level changes comprise superposition effects of absolute sea level changes and ground subsidence factors.