CN117516636A - Coastal dyke safety monitoring and early warning method and system - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of marine wind field information identification and discloses a coastal dam safety monitoring and early warning method and system. This method integrates air-space-ground multi-source earth observation technology to fully cover the monitoring of coastal infrastructure at different spatial and temporal scales, including full-scale monitoring of tidal flats, seawalls and underwater to fine detection of seawalls, cracks and seepage. From long-term evolution-cumulative effect to real-time dynamic-disaster warning and response analysis at the same time scale; a multi-element database is built to obtain response data of infrastructure ground deformation to sea level changes under the action of long-term climate change and short-term storm surge events. Aiming at the superimposed influence of land subsidence factors, this invention improves the accurate monitoring means of major coastal infrastructure, builds an early warning and evaluation system for infrastructure to respond to sea level and climate change, and provides a basis for urban planning, coastal development, environmental protection and engineering construction. Provide scientific basis for decision-making of other departments.

Description

A coastal dam safety monitoring and early warning method and system

Technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of marine wind field information identification, and in particular relates to a coastal dam safety monitoring and early warning method and system.

Background technique

The coastal zone is the area with the most concentrated population and cities. More than 40% of the human population is concentrated in the coastal zone, and more than 60% of the GDP is created. At the same time, human activities have the most profound impact on the coastal environment. Extensive exploitation of groundwater has caused the groundwater level to drop, creating underground funnels and causing large-scale ground subsidence. In addition, numerous high-rise buildings have also increased the ground bearing capacity and accelerated the rate of ground subsidence. Under the dual effects of sea level rise and land subsidence, disasters such as storm surges, floods, coastal erosion, seawater intrusion, and soil salinization are aggravated, exacerbating the damage to coastal ecosystems, threatening the safety of coastal infrastructure, and affecting normal production and life. How to accurately determine the response process and mechanism of large-scale coastal infrastructure to sea level rise in the context of human activities and global climate warming. Rising sea levels have exacerbated problems such as storm surge intrusion and coastal erosion in coastal areas. Accurate determination of the vertical deformation of the coastal surface and its large infrastructure is a key factor in understanding sea level changes and potential inundation disasters in coastal areas. Structural health monitoring and safety evaluation of large coastal infrastructure based on multi-source earth observation technology are key technical issues that need to be solved urgently. In recent years, GNSS, satellite/ground-based InSAR, UAV Lidar, etc. have been widely used in deformation monitoring such as earthquakes, volcanoes, landslides, and ground subsidence to accurately determine the surface conditions of coastal cities and estuarine lowland plains under the background of human activities and climate warming. Deformation monitoring and analysis provide important observational data and promote the understanding of the response processes and mechanisms of large infrastructure to sea level rise.

InSAR's time series analysis technology detects the spatiotemporal changing characteristics of point target scatterers, planar scatterers, or a combination of both scatterers through superposition, averaging, or spatiotemporal filtering of interferogram sequences. This technology has been widely used to obtain Ground subsidence deformation signal with mm/yr level accuracy. Currently, there are many InSAR satellite sensors operating in orbit (such as C-band Sentinel-1A/B, Radarsat-2, X-band TerraSAR-X, L-band ALOS-2 satellites), and the next-generation L-band high resolution and wide The amplitude SAR satellite Tandem-L has been greatly improved in terms of revisit period and orbit control. The continuous acquisition of interferometric synthetic aperture radar measurement data lays a data foundation for the application of high-precision InSAR technology in surface deformation monitoring in a certain coastal zone. At present, there is still a lack of research and risk assessment results on the long-term impact of sea level rise. Only a few cities have provided information on the adaptation of major urban infrastructure to climate change, especially sea level rise. In particular, there are still many blank research areas in the existing technology when it comes to comprehensively utilizing space Earth observation technologies such as InSAR, GNSS, UAV, and Lidar to carry out long-term and continuous deformation monitoring of large-scale infrastructure in a certain coastal zone.

Through the above analysis, the problems and defects existing in the existing technology are: in the analysis of the superimposed impact of existing technology on land subsidence factors, the accurate monitoring effect on major coastal infrastructure is poor, and the obtained infrastructure has poor impact on sea level and climate change. The accuracy of early warning information is low.

Contents of the invention

In order to overcome the problems existing in related technologies, disclosed embodiments of the present invention provide a coastal dam safety monitoring and early warning method and system.

The technical solution is as follows: a coastal dam safety monitoring and early warning method that integrates air-space-ground multi-source earth observation technology to fully cover the monitoring of coastal infrastructure at different spatial and temporal scales, from tidal flats to seawalls to underwater. Range monitoring to fine detection of seawalls, cracks and seepage, from long-term evolution-cumulative effects to real-time dynamics-disaster early warning response analysis at the same time scale; based on the obtained full coverage monitoring information of coastal infrastructure at different spatial and temporal scales, a multi-element database was built , to obtain the response data of infrastructure ground deformation to sea level changes under the action of long-term climate change and short-term storm surge events; specifically including the following steps:

S1, based on multi-source earth observation deformation monitoring technology, build a full coverage observation system from surface to point and build a normal-event ocean dynamics and underwater seabed change monitoring system with different time scales and intensity;

S2, determine the macro deformation characteristics and key monitoring areas of coastal infrastructure based on multi-source observation technology, extract fine features of deformation, and analyze the induction mechanism of deformation;

S3. Establish a coastal infrastructure ground deformation and environmental parameter database, and establish a coastal infrastructure deformation early warning and decision support system.

In step S1, deformation monitoring technology based on multi-source earth observation includes:

(1) Use TanDEM satellite data and InSAR technology to generate a basic 6m DEM digital elevation model of the study area;

(2) Use InSAR technology to conduct a full-area census and regular updates, select key monitoring areas, and use the InSAR time series analysis technology module to monitor distributed targets and permanent scattering targets based on long-term InSAR monitoring results of coastal deformation, and convert coastal area base Deformation signals in linear and planar areas of facilities;

(3) Use UAV Lidar airborne scanning technology or UAV Camera airborne scanning technology to carry out coastline extraction, coastline change monitoring, tidal flat surveying and mapping, island surveying and mapping, beach land subsidence, disaster analysis, and at the same time cooperate with the multi-beam bathymetry system to analyze the underwater terrain Full coverage measurement;

(4) Use the ground-based synthetic aperture radar system to conduct on-site remote sensing observations of infrastructure, combined with the RT-GSAR real-time ground-based radar processing system, to achieve near-real-time interferogram generation, strong coherent point detection, phase 2D/3D unwrapping, atmospheric error estimation and Deformation variable extraction;

(5) InSAR of the main part of the dam is regularly updated, and Multi-GNSS is used for real-time monitoring on the road surface at the top of the dam and the seaward slope;

(6) Use historical tide gauge data and GNSS data to analyze sea level changes;

(7) Long-term high-precision census based on InSAR, supplementary tidal flat survey based on airborne three-dimensional laser scanning technology; and fine monitoring of key areas based on ground-based synthetic aperture radar, geological radar, and drones to build a comprehensive coverage from surface to point. Cover the observation system; select coastal zone infrastructure locations to build a normal-event ocean dynamics and underwater seabed change monitoring system with different time scales and intensity.

In step (2), the use of InSAR technology to conduct global censuses and regular updates includes: using GAMMA software to perform SAR image interference processing, and realizing a variety of SAR data under the Python framework from single-view complex images to digital elevation models, surface deformation The whole process.

In step (2), using the InSAR timing analysis technology module to monitor distributed targets and permanent scattering targets includes: implementing the extension of the SBAS InSAR timing analysis method under the Python framework based on the InSAR timing analysis technology: performing image matching on the SAR data Accurate, resampling, strong coherence point selection, interferogram generation, interferogram filtering, interference baseline refinement and strong coherence point phase timing analysis processing. In step (2), converting the deformation signals of linear and planar areas of infrastructure in coastal areas includes: selecting an interferogram sequence based on the spatiotemporal baseline and azimuth scanning synchronization ratio, and using the phase closed loop method to automatically identify and correct phase unwrapping Error; correction of InSAR terrain-related atmospheric delays based on the atmospheric correction online service system.

In step (4), the near real-time realization of interferogram generation, strong coherent point detection, phase 2D/3D unwrapping, atmospheric error estimation and deformation extraction in combination with the RT-GSAR real-time ground-based radar processing system includes:

The range spectral method is used to estimate and correct the interferogram ionospheric phase screen affected by the ionosphere, the distributed target-oriented SBAS method is used to obtain the coastal zone time series InSAR with low coherence, and the predefined function dictionary is used to express the surface deformation time. Features: The network track correction method is used to iteratively estimate the deformation rate and track slope parameters; the function dictionary includes linear, polynomial, power function, exponential decay, seasonal, and B-spline functions.

Furthermore, the SBAS method for distributed targets is used to obtain coastal zone time series InSAR with low coherence, a predefined function dictionary is used to express the time characteristics of surface deformation, and a network orbit correction method is used to iteratively estimate the deformation rate and orbit slope parameters. include:

The conversion of three-dimensional deformation components and InSAR observations is achieved according to the following formula: ,

In the formula, is the incident angle,/> is the satellite heading angle, and the relationship between the vertical component and the LOS (satellite line of sight) displacement is: ;/> is the LOS direction displacement,/> is the component of horizontal displacement in the satellite heading,/> is the eastward displacement,/> is the northward displacement,/> is the vertical displacement;

Refer to the SBAS algorithm to form a system of simultaneous equations to solve the deformation time series, average linear rate, and residual terrain error. Use multi-mode and multi-orbit InSAR data to conduct internal coincidence accuracy checks; combine the GPS or level observation data of the survey area to evaluate the InSAR time series analysis results. and uncertainty, use the following formula to fuse the ascending and descending orbit LOS directional velocity Get vertical/> with horizontal direction/> Deformation rate, project SAR information to GPS coordinate frame, where/> Represent the incident angle and satellite heading angle respectively:/>

In the formula, is the vertical deformation rate,/> is the horizontal deformation rate,/> is the orbit-raising rate,/> is the orbit descent rate,/> is the incident angle of the ascending orbit,/> is the incident angle of the descending orbit,/> is the orbit heading angle,/> is the downward orbit heading angle.

In step S2, extracting fine features of deformation and analyzing the induced mechanism of deformation includes: aiming at the coupling effect of sea level rise and land subsidence, using the large-scale surface vertical deformation rate of the coastal zone and combining it with precise terrain data to assess the impact on infrastructure. , conduct spatial static response analysis of coastal zones to different sea level rise scenarios, continuously monitor surface vertical deformation of infrastructure, and obtain a deformation physical model of its response to global climate change.

In step S3, establishing a coastal infrastructure ground deformation and environmental parameter database and establishing a coastal infrastructure deformation early warning and decision support system include: using cloud computing and grid processing to build an earth observation and evaluation system for coastal infrastructure The prototype carries out near-real-time monitoring of vertical deformation of coastal infrastructure to conduct real-time evaluation of the health of coastal infrastructure, including early warning of deformation damage from typhoons and storm surges.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a coastal dam safety monitoring and early warning system, which implements a coastal dam safety monitoring and early warning method. The system includes: a multi-source earth observation module for integrating satellite, air, ground, coast, and water Multi-source remote sensing information and field data acquisition, observation, and processing; InSAR data processing module, used for multi-source SAR data differential interferometry, phase error source correction and InSAR timing analysis; coastal zone deformation monitoring module, used for relative sea level changes Related to coastal zone inundation response assessment, sea level changes include the superimposed effects of absolute sea level changes, land subsidence and other factors.

Combined with all the above technical solutions, the advantages and positive effects of the present invention are: the present invention improves the accurate monitoring means of major coastal infrastructure in response to the superimposed influence of ground subsidence factors, and builds infrastructure to cope with sea level and climate change. Early warning and evaluation systems provide scientific basis for decision-making in departments such as urban planning, coastal zone development, environmental protection and engineering construction.

The invention solves the problem of how to integrate "air-sky-ground" multi-source earth observation technology to achieve accurate monitoring of ground deformation of coastal infrastructure. Multi-source earth observation data (such as GNSS, spaceborne/ground-based InSAR, UAV Lidar, etc.) can be used to obtain observation parameters such as three-dimensional terrain/geomorphology, three-dimensional deformation, meteorology, etc., combined with various geological structures, storm surges, coastal dynamics, Mathematical/physical models such as fault activity, this invention integrates multi-source earth observation parameters to achieve a systematic evaluation of the structural health of coastal infrastructure.

Description of drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the disclosure and together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the disclosure;

Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a coastal dam safety monitoring and early warning system provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the coastal dam safety monitoring and early warning system provided by the embodiment of the present invention;

Figure 3 is a flow chart of a coastal dam safety monitoring and early warning method provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

In the picture: 1. Multi-source earth observation module; 2. InSAR data processing module; 3. Coastal zone deformation monitoring module.

Detailed ways

In order to make the above objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the invention. However, the present invention can be implemented in many other ways different from those described here. Those skilled in the art can make similar improvements without violating the connotation of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific implementation disclosed below.

The innovative point of the coastal dam safety monitoring and early warning system and method provided by the embodiments of the present invention is that the present invention integrates "air-space-ground" multi-source earth observation technology to achieve full coverage and high-precision monitoring of infrastructure in coastal areas at different spatial and temporal scales. , including from the full range of "tidal flat-sea wall-underwater" monitoring to the fine detection of "sea wall-crack-seepage", from "long-term evolution-cumulative effect" to "real-time dynamics-disaster early warning" response analysis at different time scales. A multi-element database was built to reveal the response mechanism of infrastructure ground deformation to sea level changes under the long-term effects of climate change and short-term storm surge events. In terms of risk assessment of coastal cities and major infrastructure adapting to climate change, based on two typical demonstration areas, a delta in China and the Kalochori Delta in Greece, a ground deformation evaluation and early warning system for infrastructure in coastal areas was developed based on complementary technologies, providing a basis for coastal areas. Provide technical support for integrated management and construction.

Embodiment 1. The coastal dam safety monitoring and early warning method provided by this embodiment of the present invention includes:

S1, based on multi-source earth observation deformation monitoring technology, build a full coverage observation system from surface to point and build a normal-event ocean dynamics and underwater seabed change monitoring system with different time scales and intensity;

S2, determine the macro deformation characteristics and key monitoring areas of coastal infrastructure based on multi-source observation technology, extract fine features of deformation, and analyze the induction mechanism of deformation;

S3. Establish a coastal infrastructure ground deformation and environmental parameter database, and establish a coastal infrastructure deformation early warning and decision support system.

Ground deformation is a key element for the safety and stability of coastal infrastructure. It is closely related to geological, climatic, hydrological and other factors such as tectonic movements, sea level changes, and storm surges. Therefore, the present invention conducts deformation monitoring and analysis of infrastructure such as coastal protection levees, ports, and artificial islands, and develops a multi-parameter fusion monitoring and evaluation system.

As another implementation mode of the present invention, the coastal dam safety monitoring and early warning method provided by the embodiment of the present invention includes:

(1) Integration of near-real-time monitoring technology for vertical deformation based on multi-source earth observation:

①Precise infrastructure census technology:

Based on multi-source (such as Sentinel-1A/1B, Gaofen-3, TerraSAR-X, COSMO-SkyMed, ALOS-2) multi-temporal spaceborne InSAR time series analysis technology, a census of the infrastructure in the study area is carried out, and atmospheric values are integrated Models (such as high-resolution ECMWF) and ground-based observation data (such as GNSS) can weaken the influence of atmospheric water vapor in InSAR and identify and delineate key deformation areas. ②Integration of fine and continuous monitoring technology in key deformation areas:

Integrate GNSS, InSAR, UAV, geological radar, 3D laser scanning and other technologies to achieve continuous monitoring of key deformation areas of infrastructure such as dams, seaports and artificial islands. Among them: 3D morphology detection technology of dam body: based on 3D laser scanning technology , accurately survey and map the three-dimensional shape of the above-water part of the dam body; use three-dimensional real-time imaging sonar technology to accurately obtain the underwater three-dimensional structure of dams and other structures; establish a high-precision and high-resolution digital model of the three-dimensional shape of the dam body. Dam structure detection technology: Based on geological radar, we detect safety hazards such as cracks and leaks in dams, seaports and artificial islands, and accurately identify the nature and location of potential hazards in engineering structures. Dam surface deformation monitoring: Use multi-source satellite-borne InSAR to conduct repeated and continuous monitoring at multiple angles. Consider using GNSS for real-time monitoring of key deformation parts. For extremely critical infrastructure, consider using ground-based radar (GBSAR) to achieve near-real-time high spatial and temporal resolution. monitor. ③Coastal environment monitoring technology: Integrate depth sounders, shallow stratigraphic profilers, seafloor observation stations, and three-dimensional seabed erosion and sedimentation numerical models to carry out monitoring of the response of infrastructure stability to changes in the marine environment. Among them: Foundation stability detection technology: based on measurement The depth meter measures the water depth and topography around the infrastructure to detect the erosion and hollowing out of seawalls and erosion of artificial islands. It uses shallow stratigraphic profilers to detect the stratigraphic structure around dams, seaports and artificial islands, and combines engineering geological drilling to determine the stability of their foundations. sex.

Marine dynamic observation technology: Undersea observation station systems, geological radars and shallow profile lines are deployed in key sea areas to monitor the response to seabed changes under the action of earthquakes, storm surges, waves, water levels, etc. Establish a three-dimensional seabed erosion and sedimentation numerical model: Carry out numerical simulation and prediction of seabed erosion and sedimentation changes in infrastructure environment sea areas under the influence of meteorology, sea level, ocean dynamics, etc. (2) Fine characteristics and induction mechanisms of ground deformation of coastal infrastructure: Based on integrated accurate and continuous monitoring technology of key deformation areas, the characterization of fine characteristics of ground deformation and analysis of induction mechanisms are carried out. Fine characteristics of land surface deformation: Conduct a general survey of vertical deformation in different areas such as ports, estuaries, wetlands, seawalls, and artificial islands in the Yellow River Delta and Kalochori Delta, select key deformation areas, and carry out analysis of vertical deformation, horizontal displacement, facility cracks, etc. High-precision, continuous monitoring.

②Underwater ground change characteristics and response to the marine environment:

Through on-site surveys and historical measurement data, we study the characteristics of underwater ground changes in the sea area around the infrastructure, and analyze land subsidence, sea level changes, structures, earthquakes, hollowing out in front of the dikes, and seabed in key areas (sea walls, artificial islands). The role and interaction of erosion rates, etc. Analysis of ground deformation mechanisms of coastal infrastructure: Based on seabed base observations and three-dimensional numerical models, we conduct ground deformation mechanism analysis to study the effects of vertical deformation of infrastructure, seawall hollowing, seabed erosion, etc. on sea level changes, storm surge water increases, and Response to strong waves, land subsidence, tectonic movements, seismic activity, etc.

(3) Coastal infrastructure ground deformation evaluation and early warning system:

①Coastal infrastructure ground deformation and environmental parameter database: Establish basic geographical information database (including administration, roads, high-resolution DEM, water system, etc.), geological conditions database (including structure, earthquake, land subsidence, etc.), infrastructure ground deformation Database (including engineering facility layout, vertical deformation, fine structure, etc.), marine environment database (including storm surge, sea level changes, waves, tides, currents, etc.). ② Ground deformation evaluation system: Based on the above-mentioned element database, study the classification of ocean dynamic levels, ground deformation levels, and infrastructure damage levels; extract ground deformation evaluation parameters, establish a ground deformation evaluation system, determine ground deformation grade standards, and build a ground deformation evaluation system . ③Early warning and decision support system: Based on multi-source earth observation integration technology, analysis of the induction mechanism of ground deformation and ground deformation evaluation system, a network decision support system prototype is developed. By carrying out near-real-time monitoring of vertical deformation of coastal infrastructure, the Real-time assessment of the health of coastal infrastructure, especially early warning of deformation damage such as typhoons and storm surges, to provide support for coastal planning and management and government emergency decision-making.

Embodiment 2. As shown in Figure 1, the coastal dam safety monitoring and early warning system provided by this embodiment of the present invention includes:

Multi-source earth observation module 1 is used to integrate satellite, air, ground, coastal, underwater multi-source remote sensing information and on-site data acquisition, observation, processing, etc.;

InSAR data processing module 2 is the core module for earth observation data collection and analysis, used for multi-source SAR data differential interferometry, phase error source correction and InSAR timing analysis, etc.;

Coastal zone deformation monitoring module 3 is used for coastal zone inundation response assessment related to relative sea level changes (the superposition effect of absolute sea level changes and land subsidence and other factors).

As shown in Figure 2, it is the principle of the coastal dam safety monitoring and early warning system provided by the embodiment of the present invention.

In the embodiment of the present invention, the multi-source earth observation module 1 includes:

(1) Long-term monitoring of surface deformation based on InSAR technology: use TanDEM-X SAR data to generate high-precision and high-resolution DEM of the study area; use InSAR time series analysis technology (InSAR TS+AEM) to extract planar regional deformation signals of the coastal zone, Generate products such as surface deformation maps; assist in laying out artificial corner reflectors in low-coherence areas such as wetlands and farmland to monitor infrastructure deformation and obtain the annual average deformation rate. (2) Real-time monitoring of multi-system GNSS: Continuously operating reference station system (CORS) and real-time dynamic rover (RTK) observations are deployed at key locations in the study area to carry out multi-system (GPS, BDS, GLONASS, etc.), multi-frequency (single frequency, dual frequency, etc.), multi-mode (single difference, double difference, etc.) observation, used to accurately obtain three-dimensional point positions (BLH, XYZ), large-scale mapping and key locations (such as: dams, roads, oil wells, angles Reflector, etc.) displacement and deformation rate, etc. (3) UAV aerial photography: UAV oblique photography equipped with RTK module can achieve high-efficiency, high-precision terrain measurement and image collection for small and medium-sized areas, with an accuracy of up to centimeter level. (4) On-site remote sensing observation based on the ground-based SAR (GBSAR) system: It has the characteristics of high spatial and temporal resolution and flexible station setting. It can obtain the deformation in any radar line of sight direction and solve the problem of limited spaceborne SAR data volume, long revisit period and north-south deformation. Monitor insensitive defects. (5) LiDAR-based tidal flat monitoring: The delta tidal flat part is difficult to monitor due to its large range and special terrain. Laser has the characteristics of active detection and flexible operating time, accurate measurement of ground height and complete absorption by waters, and can be used for coastline extraction. , Coastline change monitoring, tidal flat surveying and mapping, island surveying and mapping, beach land subsidence analysis. (6) Geological radar detection: Utilize ultra-high frequency short pulse electromagnetic waves to detect cracks, seepage and other damaged parts of structures such as dams, seaports and artificial islands to locate and identify. (7) Install displacement and deformation monitoring sensors at key locations for real-time monitoring. The data can be transmitted to the cloud platform in real time and continuously through the Internet of Things wireless communication technology. After processing and conversion by tools (cleaning, standardization, deduplication, reconstruction, etc.), the installation Load the database. (8) Shallow stratum profile detection: Use sound waves to detect shallow stratum profile structures around structures such as dams and artificial islands, especially changes in foundation and stratigraphic structures under natural effects such as large waves and earthquakes. (9) Three-dimensional real-time imaging sonar detection; three-dimensional sonar detection technology adds depth information to the image based on traditional side-scan sonar, and can accurately obtain three-dimensional spatial morphological information such as erosion and suspension at the root of the dam; combined with multi-beam surveying Deep, full-coverage measurement of underwater terrain in a strip format. (10) Seabed in-situ observation: Use water level gauges, acoustic Doppler current profilers (ADCP), wave dragons and other in-situ observation equipment to simultaneously observe the dynamic elements around infrastructure under the action of storm surges, waves, water levels, etc., and observe The time should be arranged in winter and summer, and the observation period includes storm surge processes.

In the embodiment of the present invention, the three-dimensional seabed erosion and sedimentation numerical model and storm surge early warning include: based on the advanced delta landform evolution numerical model Delft3D, a three-dimensional high-precision delta water increase, wave, tide and current coupling numerical model is established. Use ground measurement data to conduct model verification and study the response process and mechanism of the deformation process of dams, harbors and other facilities to ocean dynamics, especially storm surges, strong waves, etc. In order to improve the sea area resolution, the model uses nested grids, and the resolution of small grids should be less than 50m. In the embodiment of the present invention, static submergence vulnerability analysis of coastal infrastructure: Correcting the long-term coastal elevation (as shown in the following formula) based on precision digital elevation models, sea level rise scenarios, ground movement rates, etc., and evaluating the relative sea level rise background The static response of coastal zone submergence under the conditions, using spatial analysis technology to obtain submergence vulnerability risk prediction results, etc.: ,

In the formula, Indicates the flood prediction value at a certain time in the future,/> Represents the current ground elevation, Indicates the predicted value of sea level height at a certain time in the future,/> Represents the predicted value of ground deformation at a certain time in the future, where, in the ground deformation at a certain time in the future, if the ground deformation increases, the predicted value is positive, and if the ground deformation decreases, the predicted value is negative,/> represents the residual error.

In the embodiment of the present invention, the network decision support system prototype: network processing system: including GIS database, machine learning, target-oriented image analysis, sample training, feature detection, change detection, data analysis and reporting. Decision support system: Comprehensive use of environmental, socioeconomic and other auxiliary data to provide disaster reduction strategies and actions. Visual browsing system: including interactive browsing of classification maps, change detection maps, disaster maps, and three-dimensional terrain maps.

Embodiment 3 In this embodiment of the present invention, as another implementation mode of the present invention, the coastal dam safety monitoring and early warning method provided by the embodiment of the present invention includes:

(1) First, determine the basic characteristics such as the type, distribution, and age of major urban and industrial infrastructure in each coastal zone, including transportation, environment, energy, communications and other facilities;

(2) Then, use multi-temporal spaceborne InSAR timing analysis technology to conduct a census of the infrastructure in each demonstration area and identify key deformation areas. The two parties will then cooperate to integrate multi-system GNSS, spaceborne/ground-based InSAR, UAV, three-dimensional laser scanning, etc. technology, continuous monitoring of key areas;

(3) Establish an automated processing and analysis system for high-resolution InSAR and high-frequency GNSS data, and comprehensively utilize atmospheric numerical models (such as high-resolution ECMWF) and ground-based observation data (such as GNSS) to weaken the influence of atmospheric water vapor in InSAR. In the early stage Based on the independently developed InSAR timing analysis software, the timing analysis algorithm is refined to achieve parallel, near-real-time, and automated processing of large-scale, massive data;

(4) By integrating multi-source observation data such as InSAR and GNSS, we can accurately extract surface deformation variables, generate high-precision vertical deformation fields in respective demonstration areas, and jointly build sediment-structure interaction models to reveal the deformation activity patterns of infrastructure;

(5) Finally, by quantitatively identifying the ground subsidence in the demonstration area and the local subsidence of the project, and jointly evaluating the vertical deformation effect caused by the coupling of land subsidence and sea level rise and coastal safety, both parties will jointly develop disaster risk assessment and early warning evaluation standards to reduce climate change. Related geological disaster impacts.

In the embodiment of the present invention, the technologies used include:

(1) Satellite remote sensing and ocean surveying and mapping technology: It has 1 UAV oblique photography system, 1 UAV orthophoto system, 1 3D laser scanner, 1 geological radar, high-performance satellite remote sensing data processing server and Have multiple workstations, install and skillfully use mainstream commercial, open source and self-developed software such as ENVI, ArcGIS, GAMMA, Gamit/GLOBK, JPL ISCE, GMTSAR, InSAR TS+AEM, etc., and can carry out GNSS data, optical and Radar remote sensing data batch processing and UAV and three-dimensional laser scanning data processing. (2) Marine engineering safety assurance technology: Integrated and developed on-site detection and monitoring technology for marine engineering environment, established a submarine engineering safety evaluation model, and provided technical guarantee for the safe operation of coastal dams, oil production platforms and pipelines, and in shallow offshore oil fields In engineering applications, it has created economic value of more than 12 billion yuan for the oil field and achieved good social benefits. (3) Geophysical detection technology: Utilize a series of technologies such as marine geophysical information data collection, processing, interpretation, and resource evaluation to analyze basic geological surveys in sensitive sea areas, filling in the high-precision and high-resolution marine seismic data in the sea area. created an economic benefit of 130 million yuan. (4) Numerical computing technology: Using FVCOM, Delf3D, ROMS, and SWAN advanced ocean numerical models, we have successfully carried out numerical calculations of water increase, wave and current coupling in extreme weather in Laizhou Bay, design of key environmental parameters of Qingdong artificial island marine engineering, winter strong winds Numerical simulation research on material transport in the Bohai and Yellow Sea has rich experience in numerical simulation of ocean dynamic changes and seabed erosion under the influence of extreme weather events.

Embodiment 4. In the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in Figure 3, as another implementation mode, the main goal of the coastal dam safety monitoring and early warning method provided by the embodiment of the present invention is to unite the European "Copernicus Sentinel Series" and the collaborative Mission (Sentinel-1/2/3) and "Gaofen Series" (GF-1/2/3) satellites use a variety of earth observation technologies (InSAR, GNSS, UAV, laser scanning, etc.) to develop coastal zone foundations Near real-time monitoring, early warning and decision support system for facility vertical deformation, including:

Step 1, deformation monitoring technology based on multi-source earth observation:

(1) Use TanDEM satellite data and InSAR technology to generate a basic 6m DEM digital elevation model of the study area. (2) Use InSAR technology to conduct a full-area census and regular updates, select key monitoring areas, and use advanced InSAR time series analysis technology modules to monitor distributed targets and permanent scattering targets based on long-term InSAR monitoring results of coastal zone deformation, and convert coastal zone areas Deformation signals in linear and planar areas of infrastructure.

Use the latest Linux version of GAMMA software to carry out SAR image interference processing, and realize the transformation of various SAR data (Sentinel-1, ALOS-1/2 PALSAR, Envisat ASAR, ERS-1/2, etc.) from single-view complex images (SLC) under the Python framework ) to digital elevation models, surface deformation maps and other products, based on the developed InSAR TS+AEM time series analysis platform, the expansion of the SBAS InSAR time series analysis method under the Python framework is realized: image registration, resampling, and enhancement of SAR data Processing such as selection of coherent points (PS points and distributed targets), interferogram generation, interferogram filtering, interference baseline refinement and phase timing analysis of strong coherent points.

The interferogram sequence is selected based on the spatiotemporal baseline and azimuth scanning synchronization ratio, and the phase closed loop method is used to automatically identify and correct the phase unwrapping error; the atmospheric delay related to the InSAR terrain is corrected based on the Atmospheric Correction Online Service System (GACOS), which uses high-resolution The European Mesoscale Meteorological Products (ECMWF), GNSS tropospheric delay products and high-precision DEM data are used to estimate the zenith tropospheric delay; the range split-spectrum (Split-Spectrum) method is used to estimate and correct the ionospheric phase of the interferogram affected by the ionosphere. screen (ALOS-1/2 PALSAR or Sentinel-1); use the SBAS method for distributed targets to carry out low-coherence coastal zone time series InSAR research, using a predefined function dictionary (linear, polynomial, power function, exponential decay , seasonality, B-spline function, etc.) to express the time characteristics of surface deformation, and the network orbit correction method is used to iteratively estimate the deformation rate and orbit slope parameters.

The conversion of three-dimensional deformation components and InSAR observations is achieved according to the following formula: ,

in, is the incident angle,/> is the satellite heading angle, and the relationship between the vertical component and the LOS (satellite line of sight) displacement is: ;/> is the LOS direction displacement,/> is the component of horizontal displacement in the satellite heading,/> is the eastward displacement,/> is the northward displacement,/> is the vertical displacement.

Refer to the SBAS algorithm to form a system of simultaneous equations to solve the deformation time series, average linear rate, and residual terrain error. Use multi-mode and multi-orbit InSAR data to conduct internal coincidence accuracy checks; combine the GPS or level observation data of the survey area to evaluate the InSAR time series analysis results. and uncertainty, use the following formula to fuse the ascending and descending orbit LOS directional velocity Get vertical/> with horizontal direction/> Deformation rate, project SAR information to GPS coordinate frame, where/> Represent the incident angle and satellite heading angle respectively:/> ,

In the formula, is the vertical deformation rate,/> is the horizontal deformation rate,/> is the orbit-raising rate,/> is the orbit descent rate,/> is the incident angle of the ascending orbit,/> is the incident angle of the descending orbit,/> is the orbit heading angle,/> is the downward orbit heading angle.

(3) Utilize airborne scanning technologies such as UAV Lidar or UAV Camera for coastline extraction, coastline change monitoring, tidal flat mapping, island mapping, beach subsidence, disaster analysis, and at the same time cooperate with multi-beam bathymetry systems to fully cover underwater terrain measurements. . UAV Lidar or UAV Camera produces high-precision DEM in key areas. The ocean tidal survey area is large and has special terrain. Airborne three-dimensional laser scanning technology (LiDAR) is used to achieve uncontrolled operations. The laser active detection operation time is flexible and has the ability to accurately measure the ground. High and completely absorbed by the water, it is used in coastline extraction, coastline change monitoring, tidal flat mapping, island mapping, beach land subsidence, disaster analysis, etc. At the same time, it cooperates with the multi-beam bathymetry system to fully cover the underwater terrain in a banner manner. Measurement.

(4) Use the ground-based synthetic aperture radar system (GBSAR) to conduct on-site remote sensing observations of infrastructure, combined with the real-time ground-based radar processing system, to achieve near real-time interferogram generation, strong coherent point detection, phase 2D/3D unwrapping, atmospheric error estimation and Deformation variable extraction. Ground-based synthetic aperture radar (GBSAR) systems are used to carry out on-site remote sensing observations of infrastructure. Ground-based InSAR has considerable advantages in surface deformation monitoring due to its high spatial and temporal resolution and flexible station setting. It can obtain deformation in any radar line of sight direction. It solves the shortcomings of limited spaceborne SAR data volume, long revisit period and insensitive north-south deformation monitoring. A real-time ground-based radar (RT-GSAR) processing system has been successfully developed, which can realize functions such as interferogram generation, strong coherent point detection, phase 2D/3D unwrapping, atmospheric error estimation, and deformation extraction in near real-time. (5) InSAR of the main part of the dam is regularly updated, and Multi-GNSS is used for real-time monitoring on the road surface at the top of the dam and the seaward slope. (6) Use historical tide gauges and GNSS data to analyze sea level changes; (7) Long-term high-precision census based on InSAR, supplementary tidal flat surveys based on airborne three-dimensional laser scanning technology, and ground-based synthetic aperture radar (GBSAR), Precise monitoring of key areas with geological radar and drones to build a full-coverage observation system from surface to point; in addition, select key parts of coastal infrastructure to build normal-event ocean dynamics and underwater seabed at different time scales and intensity Change monitoring system.

Step 2: Deformation fine feature extraction and induction mechanism:

Based on multi-source observation technology, the macroscopic deformation characteristics and key monitoring areas of coastal infrastructure are determined, and the fine characteristics of deformation are further extracted to analyze the induction mechanism of deformation. Considering the coupling effect of sea level rise and land subsidence, using the large-scale surface vertical deformation rate of the coastal zone and combining it with precise terrain data to assess the impact on infrastructure, we conduct a spatial static response analysis of the coastal zone to different sea level rise scenarios and discuss the coastal zone. Driving forces of deformation and their dynamic significance. Continuous monitoring of surface vertical deformation of infrastructure in the Yellow River Delta in China and the Kalochori Delta in Greece reveals their deformation physical model in response to global climate change.

Step 3: Infrastructure deformation evaluation and decision support system:

By establishing a database of ground deformation and environmental parameters of coastal infrastructure, we will develop a ground deformation evaluation system (evaluation parameters, systems and grade standards) and establish a coastal infrastructure deformation early warning and decision support system. Based on the research results and basic platform of the Greek partner's previous international cooperation project (INDES MUSA), cloud computing and grid processing were used to build a prototype of the coastal infrastructure earth observation and evaluation system, which carried out near-real-time monitoring of the vertical deformation of coastal infrastructure. Monitoring and real-time evaluation of the health of coastal infrastructure, especially early warning of deformation damage such as typhoons and storm surges, to provide support for coastal planning management and emergency decision-making.

It can be seen from the above embodiments that the present invention has various industry-university-research values, and the achieved indicators are reflected in:

Scientific indicators: By determining the ground movement in the coastal zone (such as land subsidence related to natural sedimentation, human activities, industrial development, etc.), we can deeply understand the relative sea level changes and the vulnerability of coastal zone inundation, and further reveal the vertical deformation of coastal infrastructure in the delta area. processes and mechanisms, and then infer the response mechanism of coastal infrastructure under the combined effects of global sea surface changes and intense human activities. Technical indicators: Based on the fusion, processing and information extraction of multi-source earth observation data such as SAR, optical remote sensing, GNSS and UAV, jointly develop network decision support system prototypes and software, which can provide early warning and assess the impact of infrastructure in coastal areas on climate change and natural environment. Disaster response, mitigation and adaptation. Industrial indicators: Through joint research and development of the coastal zone multi-source earth observation system, it has been applied and demonstrated by relevant government departments in the coastal zone, and value-added services have been provided in the tourism industry, environmental protection industry, and financial insurance industry.

Scientific value: Develop a multi-parameter evaluation standard application based on a cloud computing earth observation platform, and propose a soil-structure interaction model for coastal infrastructure monitoring and quantitative assessment of spatial and temporal changes, as well as promotion and application in coastal areas. Social benefits: By strengthening the use of satellite data and earth observation applications, we can provide operational downstream services that meet environmental management and disaster prevention and reduction goals. Economic benefits: It can provide technical support for ports and coastal engineering, industrial bases, oil fields, maritime departments, land planning departments, insurance companies, tourism companies and other departments in the study area. Ecological benefits: It can provide vulnerability analysis such as coastal zone inundation range for the study area, and provide support for sustainable development and environmental protection of wetlands, green spaces, farmland, freshwater utilization, storm surge and flood prevention, etc.

The instruments involved in the present invention include:

(1) Field observation instruments include: a Hawa UAV with a flight duration of 50 minutes, a UAV oblique photography system, a UAV orthophoto system, a three-dimensional laser scanner, a geological radar, and more 3 sets of beam sounding systems, 2 sets of side-measurement sonar, 3 sets of shallow stratum profile measuring instruments, 8 sets of high-precision GPS, 2 sets of satellite communication systems and various substrate, columnar samples and other instruments and equipment; (2) Indoor testing The instruments mainly include ICP-MS system, 2 sets of laser particle size analyzers, X-ray fluorescence diffractometer, magnetic susceptibility meter, core grayscale meter, image analyzer and various microscope systems; (3) Seabed observation system includes shelf shallow sea observation system 6 sets and 2 deep-sea observation systems.

Computing power: Polaris, a high-performance computer. The CPU has a total of 3132 cores, with a peak computing power of about 33.32 trillion operations per second, and a measured 29 trillion operations per second, with an efficiency of 89.8%. A single node uses two Intel Xeon 5650 CPUs, each with 12 cores and a main frequency of 2.6GHz; bare A high-speed parallel file storage system with a capacity of 400T. In the above embodiments, each embodiment is described with its own emphasis. For parts that are not detailed or documented in a certain embodiment, please refer to the relevant descriptions of other embodiments.

Since the information interaction, execution process, etc. between the above devices/units are based on the same concept as the method embodiments of the present invention, its specific functions and technical effects can be found in the method embodiments section, and will not be described again here.

Those skilled in the art can clearly understand that for the convenience and simplicity of description, only the division of the above functional units and modules is used as an example. In actual applications, the above functions can be allocated to different functional units and modules according to needs. Module completion means dividing the internal structure of the device into different functional units or modules to complete all or part of the functions described above. Each functional unit and module in the embodiment can be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit can exist physically alone, or two or more units can be integrated into one unit. The above-mentioned integrated unit can be hardware-based. It can also be implemented in the form of software functional units. In addition, the specific names of each functional unit and module are only for the convenience of distinguishing each other and are not used to limit the scope of the present invention. For the specific working processes of the units and modules in the above system, please refer to the corresponding processes in the foregoing method embodiments.

Based on the technical solutions described in the above embodiments of the present invention, the following application examples can be further proposed. According to an embodiment of the present application, the present invention also provides a computer device, which computer device includes: at least one processor, a memory, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the at least one processor, When the processor executes the computer program, the steps in any of the above method embodiments are implemented. Embodiments of the present invention also provide a computer-readable storage medium. The computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program. When the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps in each of the above method embodiments can be implemented. Embodiments of the present invention also provide an information data processing terminal. The information data processing terminal is used to provide a user input interface to implement the steps in the above method embodiments when executed on an electronic device. The information data processing terminal Processing terminals are not limited to mobile phones, computers, and switches. An embodiment of the present invention also provides a server, which is configured to provide a user input interface to implement the steps in the above method embodiments when executed on an electronic device. Embodiments of the present invention also provide a computer program product. When the computer program product is run on an electronic device, the steps in each of the above method embodiments can be implemented when the electronic device is executed.

If the integrated unit is implemented in the form of a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, this application can implement all or part of the processes in the methods of the above embodiments by instructing relevant hardware through a computer program. The computer program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. The computer program When executed by a processor, the steps of each of the above method embodiments may be implemented. Wherein, the computer program includes computer program code, which may be in the form of source code, object code, executable file or some intermediate form. The computer-readable medium may at least include: any entity or device capable of carrying computer program code to a camera/terminal device, a recording medium, a computer memory, a read-only memory (ROM), or a random access memory. (Random AccessMemory, RAM), electrical carrier signals, telecommunications signals, and software distribution media. For example, U disk, mobile hard disk, magnetic disk or CD, etc.

In order to further prove the positive effects of the above embodiments, the present invention conducts the following experiments based on the above technical solutions. This invention conducts surveys, radar remote sensing (InSAR error analysis, InSAR time series analysis technology, polarization SAR feature classification, etc.), deformation monitoring, ocean tide observation and simulation in coastal areas, and has carried out geological surveys and research on multiple typical coastal areas. Work. In terms of theoretical research on satellite geodesy, he proposed and implemented the idea of multi-source external atmospheric water vapor data fusion to weaken the impact of tropospheric delay effect on satellite radar image interferometry (InSAR) observations; developed and released based on iterative tropospheric decomposition model The first general-purpose InSAR atmospheric correction online service system (GACOS, Yu et al., 2017, 2018) was established to realize all-weather, all-weather, and global coverage of atmospheric tropospheric corrections for InSAR and other monitoring technologies, allowing InSAR to deform over a wide range of The accuracy is improved from a few centimeters to sub-centimeter level.

The present invention has developed high-precision InSAR time series analysis software (InSAR TS + PWV and InSAR TS + AEM). This software can not only extract large-scale (250km × 100km) deformation rate maps with an accuracy of up to 0.5 mm/year, but also estimate Atmospheric delay with an accuracy of up to about 5 mm (can be used for atmospheric numerical model research). This invention has accumulated a large amount of on-site observation data (topography, geomorphology, geology, hydrology, etc.) and SAR remote sensing images in coastal areas, supplemented by regular on-site GNSS, tide level and other observations, to support the development of infrastructure monitoring and time series in coastal areas. Development and research of InSAR application and evaluation systems.

In terms of the application of satellite geodesy technology in monitoring surface subsidence disasters induced by human activities, years of archived data were used to extract the spatiotemporal change processes of ground subsidence related to human activities (groundwater, coal mines, oil, and natural gas extraction) in multiple areas, combined with geological conditions The occurrence mechanism and development trend of subsidence disasters have been determined. For example, in the early stage of this invention, through satellite geodesy and environmental remote sensing (GNSS/InSAR, etc.) means, geological disasters (plate motion, earthquakes, volcanoes, landslides, ground subsidence, etc.), Systematic research has been carried out on environmental changes (coastal erosion, etc.), precision agriculture, etc., new developments and breakthroughs have been made in theory and methods, and multiple sets of software have been developed.

The above are only preferred specific embodiments of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person familiar with the technical field shall, within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention, Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. The coastal dyke safety monitoring and early warning method is characterized in that the method integrates an air-day-ground multisource earth observation technology, monitors different time space scales of an infrastructure in a coastal zone in a full-coverage mode, monitors seawall-crack-seepage fine detection from a beach-seawall-underwater full range, and analyzes response from long-term evolution-accumulation effect to real-time dynamic-disaster early warning time scales; based on the acquired full coverage monitoring information of different time-space scales of the infrastructures in the coastal zone, a multi-element database is built, and response data of ground deformation of the infrastructures to sea level change under the action of long time scales of climate change and short-term events of storm tide are acquired; the method specifically comprises the following steps:

S1, constructing a full-coverage observation system from surface to point and constructing a marine power and underwater seabed change monitoring system with different normal-event time scales and action intensities based on a deformation monitoring technology of multisource earth observation;

s2, determining macroscopic deformation characteristics and key monitoring areas of the coastal zone infrastructure according to a multi-source observation technology, extracting deformation fine characteristics, and analyzing a deformation induction mechanism;

s3, establishing a coastal zone infrastructure ground deformation and environmental parameter database, and establishing a coastal zone infrastructure deformation early warning and decision support system.

2. The coastal dike safety monitoring and early warning method according to claim 1, wherein in step S1, the deformation monitoring technology based on multi-source earth observation comprises:

(1) Generating a research area base 6m DEM digital elevation model by utilizing the TanDEM satellite data and the InSAR technology;

(2) Performing global census and periodic updating by using an InSAR technology, selecting an important monitoring area, aiming at a long-time InSAR monitoring result of the deformation of the coastal zone, monitoring a distributed target and a permanent scattering target by using an InSAR time sequence analysis technology module, and converting deformation signals of linear and planar areas of an infrastructure of the coastal zone;

(3) Carrying out coastline extraction, coastline change monitoring, beach mapping, island mapping, beach ground subsidence and disaster analysis by using an UAV Lidar airborne scanning technology or an UAV Camera airborne scanning technology, and simultaneously carrying out full coverage measurement on underwater topography by matching with a multi-beam sounding system;

(4) The method comprises the steps of utilizing a ground-based synthetic aperture radar system to perform on-site remote sensing observation of an infrastructure, combining an RT-GSAR real-time ground-based radar processing system, and realizing interferogram generation, strong coherent point detection, phase 2D/3D unwrapping, atmospheric error estimation and deformation extraction in near real time;

(5) The InSAR of the main body part of the dam is periodically updated, and Multi-GNSS real-time monitoring is used on the road surface at the top of the dam and the sea slope part;

(6) Analyzing sea level changes by using historical tide station data and GNSS data;

(7) InSAR-based long-time high-precision general survey and airborne three-dimensional laser scanning technology-based beach supplementary survey; the method comprises the steps of constructing a full-coverage observation system from surface to point based on ground-based synthetic aperture radar, geological radar and important area fine monitoring of an unmanned aerial vehicle; and selecting a coastal zone infrastructure part, and constructing a marine power and underwater seabed change monitoring system with different normal-event time scales and action intensities.

3. The coastal dike safety monitoring and early warning method of claim 2, wherein in step (2), the global census and periodic updating using InSAR technology comprises:

and (3) adopting GAMMA software to perform SAR image interference processing to realize the whole process from single vision complex images to digital elevation models and surface deformation of SAR data under the Python frame.

4. The coastal dike safety monitoring and early warning method according to claim 2, wherein in the step (2), the monitoring the distributed targets and the permanently scattered targets by using the InSAR timing analysis technology module comprises:

the expansion of the SBAS InSAR time sequence analysis method under the Python frame is realized based on the InSAR time sequence analysis technology: and performing image registration, resampling, strong coherence point selection, interferogram generation, interferogram filtering, interference baseline refinement and strong coherence point phase sequence analysis processing on SAR data.

5. The coastal dike safety monitoring and early warning method according to claim 2, wherein in the step (2), the converted deformation signal of the linear and planar area of the coastal zone area infrastructure comprises:

according to the space-time base line and the azimuth scanning synchronous proportion, selecting an interferogram sequence, and automatically identifying and correcting a phase unwrapping error by using a phase closed loop method; and correcting the atmospheric delay of the InSAR terrain based on the atmospheric correction online service system.

6. The coast dyke safety monitoring and early warning method according to claim 2, wherein in the step (4), the combined RT-GSAR real-time ground-based radar processing system, the near real-time implementation of interferogram generation, strong coherence point detection, phase 2D/3D unwrapping, atmospheric error estimation and deformation extraction comprises:

estimating and correcting an ionosphere phase screen of an interference pattern influenced by an ionosphere by adopting a distance-oriented frequency spectrum method, obtaining a coastal zone time sequence InSAR with lower coherence by utilizing an SBAS method facing a distributed target, expressing the surface deformation time characteristic by adopting a predefined function dictionary, and iteratively estimating the deformation rate and the track slope parameter by adopting a network track correction method; the function dictionary includes linear, polynomial, power function, exponential decay, seasonal, B-spline functions.

7. The coastal dyke safety monitoring and early warning method according to claim 6, wherein the obtaining the coastal zone time sequence InSAR with lower coherence by using the distributed object-oriented SBAS method, expressing the surface deformation time characteristic by using a predefined function dictionary, and iteratively estimating the deformation rate and the track slope parameters by using a network track correction method comprises:

The conversion of the three-dimensional deformation component and the InSAR observed quantity is realized according to the following steps:，

in the method, in the process of the invention,for incident angle, ++>For the satellite course angle, the relationship between the vertical component and the LOS directional displacement is:for LOS direction displacement, +.>For the horizontal displacement component in satellite navigation direction, +.>For eastern displacement, add>For north displacement, add>Is vertical displacement; forming simultaneous equations by referring to an SBAS algorithm, solving deformation time sequences, average linear velocity and residual terrain errors, and carrying out internal coincidence precision checking by utilizing multi-mode and multi-track InSAR data; inSAR time sequence analysis results and uncertainty are evaluated by combining with a GPS or level observation data of a measuring area, and the LOS directional rate of a lifting rail is fused by the following method>Obtaining vertical +.>Is +_horizontal->Deformation rate, projecting SAR information to GPS coordinate frame, wherein +.>Representing the angle of incidence and the satellite heading angle, respectively:，

in the method, in the process of the invention,for vertical deformation rate->For horizontal deformation rate, ++>For the rate of track lifting>For derailment rate, +.>For the angle of incidence of the lift rail>For falling track angle of incidence->For the course angle of the track lift->Is the derailment course angle.

8. The coastal dike safety monitoring and early warning method according to claim 1, wherein in step S2, the extracting deformation fine features, analyzing the induction mechanism of deformation comprises:

Aiming at the coupling effect of sea level elevation and ground subsidence, the influence on the infrastructure is evaluated by utilizing the large-scale vertical deformation rate of the earth surface of the coastal zone and combining with precise topography data, the space static response analysis of the coastal zone on different sea level elevation scenes is carried out, the vertical deformation of the earth surface of the infrastructure is continuously monitored, and the deformation physical model of the response to global climate change is obtained.

9. The coastal dike safety monitoring and early warning method according to claim 1, wherein in step S3, the establishing a coastal zone infrastructure ground deformation and environmental parameter database, the establishing a coastal zone infrastructure deformation early warning and decision support system comprises:

a model of a coastal zone infrastructure earth observation and evaluation system is constructed by adopting cloud computing and grid processing, and the coastal zone infrastructure health is evaluated in real time by carrying out near real-time monitoring on the vertical deformation of the coastal zone infrastructure, including early warning on typhoons and storm tide deformation damage.

10. A coastal dike safety monitoring and early warning system, characterized in that the system implements the coastal dike safety monitoring and early warning method according to any one of claims 1-9, the system comprises:

The multisource earth observation module (1) is used for acquiring, observing and processing the multisource remote sensing information and the field data of a fusion satellite, the air, the ground, the coast and the underwater;

the InSAR data processing module (2) is used for multisource SAR data differential interferometry, phase error source correction and InSAR time sequence analysis;

and the coastal zone deformation monitoring module (3) is used for evaluating coastal zone inundation response related to sea level changes, wherein the sea level changes comprise superposition effects of absolute sea level changes and ground subsidence factors.