CN116510875A - Dry ice-based waste lithium battery charged crushing system and working method thereof - Google Patents
Dry ice-based waste lithium battery charged crushing system and working method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN116510875A CN116510875A CN202310815072.0A CN202310815072A CN116510875A CN 116510875 A CN116510875 A CN 116510875A CN 202310815072 A CN202310815072 A CN 202310815072A CN 116510875 A CN116510875 A CN 116510875A
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- dry ice
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- lithium battery
- broken
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- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 148
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 128
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 128
- 235000011089 carbon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 106
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 144
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 66
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 238000000859 sublimation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 230000008022 sublimation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000002390 adhesive tape Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000013467 fragmentation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000006062 fragmentation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 9
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000007723 transport mechanism Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007306 turnover Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013519 translation Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C23/00—Auxiliary methods or auxiliary devices or accessories specially adapted for crushing or disintegrating not provided for in preceding groups or not specially adapted to apparatus covered by a single preceding group
- B02C23/04—Safety devices
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C23/00—Auxiliary methods or auxiliary devices or accessories specially adapted for crushing or disintegrating not provided for in preceding groups or not specially adapted to apparatus covered by a single preceding group
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C2201/00—Codes relating to disintegrating devices adapted for specific materials
- B02C2201/06—Codes relating to disintegrating devices adapted for specific materials for garbage, waste or sewage
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/84—Recycling of batteries or fuel cells
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of waste lithium batteries, and particularly relates to a waste lithium battery charged crushing system based on dry ice and a working method thereof, wherein the system comprises the following components: the device comprises a conveying mechanism, a cladding mechanism, a crushing mechanism and a temporary storage mechanism; the coating mechanism is suitable for forming a continuous dry ice layer outside the lithium battery so that the lithium battery and the dry ice layer are crushed synchronously in the crushing mechanism, and a uniform mixture is formed in the temporary storage mechanism; the dry ice is suitable for sublimating rapidly when the battery broken objects in the temporary storage mechanism are out of control or burnt; the temporary storage mechanism is suitable for conveying the broken battery into the transfer mechanism when detecting normal sublimation of the dry ice; the temporary storage mechanism is suitable for cooling the broken battery until the thermal runaway is interrupted when the rapid sublimation of the dry ice is detected, and then the broken battery is sent to the transfer mechanism; and the temporary storage mechanism is suitable for extinguishing fire to the broken objects of the battery when the rapid sublimation and smoke of the dry ice are detected, and the system can reduce the risk of ignition of the lithium battery in the breaking stage.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of waste lithium batteries, and particularly relates to a waste lithium battery charged crushing system based on dry ice and a working method thereof.
Background
The lithium battery contains various valuable metals and has high recovery value. Currently, lithium batteries are mainly in three forms of soft package, square and cylindrical, wherein square lithium batteries and cylindrical lithium batteries are provided with protective shells, so that the square lithium batteries and the cylindrical lithium batteries need to be crushed by a double-roller crusher in advance. According to whether the residual electric quantity is released before crushing, the method is divided into two technical routes of charged crushing and uncharged crushing, and the charged crushing is the main stream direction of a lithium battery recycling pretreatment link at present.
The residual electric quantity of the recovered waste lithium batteries is different, if the lithium batteries with a certain residual electric quantity are discharged by contact of the anode and the cathode, the temperature of the lithium batteries can be increased, and the electrolyte is heated and decomposed to generate combustible gas and oxygen so as to further initiate combustion. After the broken lithium battery is broken, the broken lithium battery with open fire needs to be extinguished in time so as to prevent other broken lithium battery from being ignited after entering a material pile, and the fire is expanded, but the conditions that the energy is released and the heat is accumulated after the broken lithium battery is possibly burnt after the broken lithium battery is broken exist. Patent document 201810664751.1 discloses a low-temperature crushing device for crushing waste lithium ion batteries, which uses liquid nitrogen to cool dry ice and uses dry ice to extinguish fire for the lithium ion batteries, simply sprays the dry ice on crushed materials of the batteries to extinguish fire, discharges energy and accumulates heat for the lithium ion batteries, and possibly burns after the lithium ion batteries, and cannot cope with the conditions, so that the crushed materials of the lithium ion batteries escape a flame detector and burn after entering a material pile.
Therefore, aiming at the defect of fireproof capacity of the existing charged crushing scheme of the waste lithium batteries, the application provides a charged crushing system of the waste lithium batteries based on dry ice and a working method of the charged crushing system.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a waste lithium battery charged crushing system based on dry ice and a working method thereof.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a waste lithium battery charged crushing system based on dry ice, which comprises:
the device comprises a conveying mechanism, a cladding mechanism, a crushing mechanism and a temporary storage mechanism; wherein the method comprises the steps of
The conveying mechanism is suitable for conveying lithium batteries;
the coating mechanism is suitable for forming a continuous dry ice layer outside the lithium battery so that the lithium battery and the dry ice layer are crushed synchronously in the crushing mechanism, and a uniform mixture is formed in the temporary storage mechanism;
the dry ice is suitable for sublimating normally when the temperature of the battery broken objects in the temporary storage mechanism is not increased;
the dry ice is suitable for quick sublimation when the battery broken objects in the temporary storage mechanism are in thermal runaway or burn;
the temporary storage mechanism is suitable for conveying the broken battery into the transfer mechanism when detecting normal sublimation of the dry ice;
the temporary storage mechanism is suitable for cooling the broken battery objects when the rapid sublimation of the dry ice is detected, and sending the broken battery objects to the transfer mechanism after the thermal runaway is interrupted; and
the temporary storage mechanism is suitable for extinguishing fire to the broken battery objects when the rapid sublimation and smoke of the dry ice are detected, and the broken battery objects are sent to the transfer mechanism after the thermal runaway is interrupted.
In still another aspect, the invention further provides a working method of the waste lithium battery charged crushing system based on dry ice, which comprises the following steps:
conveying the lithium battery through a conveying mechanism;
the lithium battery conveyed by the conveying mechanism is coated with dry ice through the coating mechanism;
receiving and crushing the lithium battery coated with the dry ice through a crushing mechanism;
receiving the broken battery objects through a temporary storage mechanism; wherein the method comprises the steps of
When the temporary storage mechanism detects that the dry ice sublimates normally, the broken battery is sent to the transfer mechanism;
when the temporary storage mechanism detects that the dry ice sublimates rapidly, the temperature of the broken battery is reduced until the thermal runaway is interrupted, and the broken dry ice is sent to the transfer mechanism;
the temporary storage mechanism is suitable for extinguishing the broken battery objects when the rapid sublimation and smoke of the dry ice are detected, and the broken battery objects are sent to the transfer mechanism after the thermal runaway is interrupted.
The invention has the beneficial effects that the coating mechanism coats the dry ice on the surface of the lithium battery, and then the dry ice enters the crushing mechanism along with the lithium battery, so that the temperature of the broken battery in the crushing mechanism is restrained by sublimation, and the possibility of burning of the broken battery caused by overhigh temperature is reduced; finally, the dry ice follows the broken battery object to enter the temporary storage mechanism, and at the moment, the dry ice is used as an indicator for judging whether the broken battery object is burnt or not, namely: if smoke and the increase rate of the carbon dioxide concentration are detected in the temporary storage mechanism to be extremely high, the fact that the battery broken objects are burnt is indicated, smoke is generated by burning, sublimation is accelerated at high temperature, at the moment, fire is extinguished by using fire extinguishing substances on the battery broken objects until the thermal runaway is interrupted, and the battery broken objects are sent to the transfer mechanism; if only the increase rate of the carbon dioxide concentration is detected in the temporary storage mechanism, the fact that the broken battery is not burnt is indicated, and only thermal runaway is caused to lead the dry ice to sublimate rapidly, at the moment, the broken battery is extinguished by using the cooling object until the thermal runaway is interrupted, and then the broken battery is sent to the transfer mechanism; if no smoke is detected in the temporary storage mechanism and the carbon dioxide concentration increasing rate is extremely high, the fact that the battery broken objects are out of control is indicated, the temperature of the battery broken objects is normal, dry ice sublimates normally, and the battery broken objects are sent to the transfer mechanism after a period of time; the risk of ignition of the lithium battery during the crushing stage can be reduced.
Additional features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. The objectives and other advantages of the invention will be realized and attained by the structure particularly pointed out in the written description and drawings.
In order to make the above objects, features and advantages of the present invention more comprehensible, preferred embodiments accompanied with figures are described in detail below.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are needed in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described, and it is obvious that the drawings in the description below are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a dry ice based charged fragmentation system for spent lithium batteries of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the wrapping mechanism of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the transport mechanism of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of the flap assembly of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the material receiving assembly of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the simultaneous breaking of square lithium cells and dry ice layers of the present invention.
In the figure:
the conveying mechanism 1, the containing plate 11, the arc-shaped groove 111, the pushing component 12, the guide rod 121 and the first push rod 122;
the coating mechanism 2, the workbench 21, the film placing component 22, the film pulling component 23, the hole punching component 24, the cutting component 25, the feeding component 26, the pushing and rolling component 27, the second push rod 271, the turning plate component 28, the turning plate 281, the push plate 282, the material receiving component 29, the material receiving plate 291, the anti-skid groove 292, the third push rod 293 and the transfer plate 294;
a crushing mechanism 3;
a temporary storage mechanism 4 and a temporary storage bin 41;
a transfer mechanism 5;
square lithium battery 61, dry ice layer 62, crushing roller 63.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
As shown in fig. 1, the embodiment provides a waste lithium battery charged crushing system based on dry ice, which includes: a conveying mechanism 1, a cladding mechanism 2, a crushing mechanism 3 and a temporary storage mechanism 4; wherein the transport mechanism 1 is adapted to transport lithium batteries; the crushing mechanism 3 is suitable for crushing lithium batteries to form battery crushed materials; the coating mechanism 2 is suitable for forming a continuous dry ice layer outside the lithium battery so that the lithium battery and the dry ice layer are crushed synchronously in the crushing mechanism 3, and a uniform mixture is formed in the temporary storage mechanism 4; the dry ice is suitable for sublimating normally when the temperature of the battery broken objects in the temporary storage mechanism 4 is not increased; the dry ice is suitable for quick sublimation when the battery broken objects in the temporary storage mechanism 4 are in thermal runaway or burn; the temporary storage mechanism 4 is suitable for conveying the broken battery into the transfer mechanism 5 when detecting normal sublimation of the dry ice; the temporary storage mechanism 4 is suitable for cooling the broken battery objects when the rapid sublimation of the dry ice is detected until the thermal runaway is interrupted, and then the broken battery objects are sent to the transfer mechanism 5; and the temporary storage mechanism 4 is suitable for extinguishing the broken battery objects when the rapid sublimation and smoke of the dry ice are detected, and sending the broken battery objects into the transfer mechanism 5 after the thermal runaway is interrupted.
In this embodiment, specifically, the coating mechanism 2 coats the dry ice on the surface of the lithium battery, and then the dry ice enters the crushing mechanism 3 along with the lithium battery, so that the temperature of the broken battery in the crushing mechanism 3 is restrained by sublimation, and the possibility of burning of the broken battery due to overhigh temperature is reduced; finally, the dry ice follows the broken battery object to enter the temporary storage mechanism 4, and at this time, the dry ice is used as an indicator for judging whether the broken battery object is burnt or not, namely:
if smoke and the increase rate of the carbon dioxide concentration are detected in the temporary storage mechanism 4 to be extremely high, the fact that the battery broken objects are burnt is indicated, smoke is generated by the combustion, and sublimation is accelerated at high temperature, at the moment, the fire extinguishing substance is used for extinguishing the battery broken objects, and when the broken objects are out of control, the broken objects are sent to the transfer mechanism 5 after the combustion thermal runaway is not finished; if only the increase rate of the carbon dioxide concentration is detected to be extremely high in the temporary storage mechanism 4, the fact that the broken battery is not burnt is indicated, and only the thermal runaway is caused to lead the dry ice to sublimate rapidly, at the moment, the broken battery is continuously cooled by using the cooling object until the thermal runaway is finished, the broken battery is sent to the transfer mechanism 5, and if the broken battery is still burnt, the broken battery is treated according to the burning condition of the broken battery; if no smoke is detected in the temporary storage mechanism 4 and the carbon dioxide concentration increasing rate is extremely high, the fact that the battery broken objects are out of control is indicated, the temperature of the battery broken objects is normal, dry ice sublimates normally, and the battery broken objects are sent to the transfer mechanism 5 after a period of time.
In this embodiment, referring to fig. 6, the coating mechanism 2 coats the continuous dry ice layer on the surface of the lithium battery, so that the lithium battery and the dry ice layer are crushed synchronously by the crushing roller 63 of the crushing mechanism 3, and a uniform mixture is formed in the temporary storage mechanism 4, and the temperature of the battery crushed material can be more sensitively reflected when the dry ice and the battery crushed material are uniformly mixed compared with the condition that the dry ice or the battery crushed material are respectively piled up.
In the present embodiment, the thermal runaway state is: the lithium battery with certain residual electric quantity is likely to contact the anode and the cathode when broken, so that short circuit is caused, the temperature of the lithium battery is increased, electrolyte of the lithium battery is heated and decomposed along with the increase of the temperature, combustible gas and oxygen are generated, combustion can be initiated after the temperature is increased, the electrolyte is decomposed by combustion, and combustion is further promoted.
In this embodiment, the temporary storage mechanism 4 includes: two temporary storage bins 41; wherein two temporary storage bins 41 alternately receive battery crushed objects; each temporary storage bin 41 is internally provided with a smoke sensor, a carbon dioxide concentration sensor and a carbon dioxide nozzle which are electrically connected with the control module; the control module is suitable for controlling the carbon dioxide nozzle to extinguish the fire of the battery crushed objects when the smoke sensor detects smoke; and the control module is suitable for controlling the carbon dioxide nozzle to cool the battery crushed objects when the carbon dioxide concentration increasing rate exceeds a threshold value.
In this embodiment, specifically, when combustion or thermal runaway of the battery broken objects is detected in the temporary storage bin 41 for receiving the materials, another temporary storage bin 41 is replaced by the temporary storage bin 41 for receiving the materials, the temporary storage bin 41 filled with the battery broken objects with combustion or thermal runaway is moved aside, and fire extinguishing or cooling is performed on the battery broken objects through the carbon dioxide nozzle.
As shown in fig. 2, in the present embodiment, the wrapping mechanism 2 includes: the device comprises a workbench 21, a film placing component 22, a film pulling component 23, a hole punching component 24, a cutting component 25 and a feeding component 26; the film pulling assembly 23 is adapted to clamp one end of the adhesive tape on the film placing assembly 22 to pull the adhesive tape to the hole punching assembly 24 for punching, cut the punched adhesive tape from the film placing assembly 22 by the cutting assembly 25, then pull the cut adhesive tape to the feeding assembly 26 for laying dry ice, and finally pull the adhesive tape with dry ice to the wrapping position of the workbench 21.
In the embodiment, specifically, the dry ice is coated by using an adhesive tape, and one surface of the adhesive tape has viscosity which can be adhered to the surface of the lithium battery; holes are punched on the adhesive tape, so that carbon dioxide generated during sublimation of the dry ice can be dispersed; the feeding component 26 uniformly lays the dry ice on the surface of the dry ice with viscosity; finally the dry ice-loaded tape is pulled to the wrapping position of the table 21 to wait for the lithium battery.
As shown in fig. 3, in the present embodiment, the conveying mechanism 1 includes: a holding plate 11, a conveying assembly and a pushing assembly 12; wherein the conveying assembly is suitable for conveying the lithium batteries to the containing plate 11; the pushing component 12 is suitable for pushing the lithium battery on the containing plate 11 to a rubber belt paved with dry ice at the wrapping position.
In the present embodiment, specifically, the accommodating plate 11 is fixedly provided on one side of the table 21; the pushing assembly 12 includes: the guide rod 121 and the first push rod 122 are arranged on the containing plate 11 in a penetrating mode, when the lithium batteries on the containing plate 11 need to be pushed, the guide rod 121 extends forwards to the position above the adhesive tape at the coating position through the corresponding driver, the first push rod 122 extends forwards through the corresponding driver to push the lithium batteries on the containing plate 11, the lithium batteries are pushed onto the guide rod 121, then the guide rod 121 is retracted, the lithium batteries fall onto the adhesive tape, and at the moment, the first push rod 122 is retracted again.
As shown in fig. 4 and 5, in the present embodiment, the wrapping mechanism 2 further includes: the pushing and rolling assembly 27, the turning plate assembly 28 and the receiving assembly 29; wherein the pushing and rolling assembly 27 is arranged at one side of the wrapping position, and the turning plate assembly 28 is arranged on the table surface of the workbench 21 and is positioned below the feeding assembly 26; when the lithium battery is a round lithium battery, the pushing and rolling assembly 27 pushes the round lithium battery to roll on the adhesive tape with the dry ice at the wrapping position to wind the adhesive tape until the adhesive tape rolls to the turning plate assembly 28, and the turning plate assembly 28 is opened to enable the adhesive tape to fall into the crushing mechanism 3 below; and when the lithium battery is a square lithium battery, the pushing and rolling assembly 27 pushes the square lithium battery to translate to the turning plate assembly 28, one end of the square lithium battery slides onto the receiving assembly 29 below by opening the turning plate assembly 28, and the square lithium battery is turned over by the turning plate assembly 28 and then is transferred to the pushing and rolling assembly 12.
In this embodiment, specifically, the accommodating plate 11 is provided with the arc groove 111, the guide rod 121 is provided with the corresponding notch, the arc groove 111 is used for limiting the circular lithium battery, when the lithium battery is a circular lithium battery, the conveying component conveys the circular lithium battery into the arc groove 111, and when the lithium battery is a square lithium battery, both ends of the square lithium battery on the accommodating plate 11 are located above the guide rod 121.
Specifically, the push-coil assembly 27 includes: a second pushrod 271; the flap assembly 28 includes: a flap 281 and a push plate 282; the receiving assembly 29 includes: a take-up plate 291; wherein, the turning plate 281 is rotatably arranged on the workbench 21 and is rotated by a corresponding driver to open and close the material falling level; the push plate 282 is arranged on the receiving surface of the turning plate 281; one side of the material receiving plate 291, which is close to the turning plate 281, is provided with an anti-slip groove 292, and the material receiving plate 291 moves forward in a translation manner through a corresponding driver to prop against one end of the square lithium battery.
When the lithium battery is a round lithium battery, the lower end face of the round lithium battery is contacted with one surface with viscosity of the adhesive tape, the second push rod 271 is extended forwards through the corresponding driver to enable the round lithium battery to roll so as to wind the adhesive tape, a continuous dry ice layer is formed outside the round lithium battery, the wound round lithium battery rolls forwards until the turnover plate 281, and the round lithium battery falls into the crushing mechanism 3 by opening the turnover plate 281.
When the lithium battery is a square lithium battery, the lower surface of the square lithium battery is integrally attached to the adhesive tape, the second push rod 271 is extended forwards through the corresponding driver to enable the square lithium battery adhered with the adhesive tape to translate forwards onto the turning plate 281, the turning plate 281 is opened to enable the square lithium battery to slide downwards until one end of the square lithium battery abuts against the anti-slip groove 292, and then the push plate 282 is extended outwards through the corresponding driver to enable the back surface of the square lithium battery; the material receiving assembly 29 further includes: the third push rod 293 and the transfer plate 294, the third push rod 293 pushes the square lithium battery turned over on the receiving plate 291 onto the transfer plate 294, and then the transfer plate 294 transfers the square lithium battery onto the containing plate 11 for the adhesive tape of the subsequent second face, so that continuous dry ice layers are formed on both sides of the square lithium battery.
The embodiment also provides a working method of the waste lithium battery charged crushing system based on dry ice, which comprises the following steps: conveying the lithium battery through a conveying mechanism 1; the lithium battery conveyed by the conveying mechanism 1 is coated with dry ice through the coating mechanism 2; receiving and crushing the lithium battery coated with the dry ice through the crushing mechanism 3; receiving the broken battery objects through a temporary storage mechanism 4; when the temporary storage mechanism 4 detects that the dry ice sublimates normally, the broken battery is sent to the transfer mechanism 5; when the rapid sublimation of the dry ice is detected through the temporary storage mechanism 4, the temperature of the broken battery is reduced until the thermal runaway is interrupted, and the broken dry ice is sent to the transfer mechanism 5; the temporary storage mechanism 4 is suitable for extinguishing the broken battery objects when the dry ice sublimates rapidly and the smoke is detected, and the broken battery objects are sent to the transfer mechanism 5 after the thermal runaway is interrupted.
For the specific structure and implementation process of the dry ice-based waste lithium battery charged crushing system, refer to the relevant discussion in the above embodiments, and are not repeated here.
In summary, the coating mechanism 2 of the waste lithium battery charged crushing system based on dry ice coats dry ice on the surface of the lithium battery, and then the dry ice enters the crushing mechanism 3 along with the lithium battery, and the temperature of the broken battery in the crushing mechanism 3 is restrained by sublimation, so that the possibility of burning of the broken battery due to overhigh temperature is reduced; finally, the dry ice follows the broken battery object to enter the temporary storage mechanism 4, and at this time, the dry ice is used as an indicator for judging whether the broken battery object is burnt or not, namely: if smoke and the increase rate of the carbon dioxide concentration are detected in the temporary storage mechanism 4 to be extremely high, the fact that the battery broken objects are burnt is indicated, smoke is generated by the combustion, sublimation is accelerated at high temperature, at the moment, the fire extinguishing substance is used for extinguishing the battery broken objects until the thermal runaway is stopped, and the battery broken objects are sent to the transfer mechanism 5; if only the increase rate of the carbon dioxide concentration is detected to be extremely high in the temporary storage mechanism 4, the fact that the broken battery is not burnt is indicated, and the broken battery is only subject to thermal runaway to cause the dry ice to sublimate rapidly, at the moment, the broken battery is extinguished by using the cooling object until the thermal runaway is interrupted, and then the broken battery is sent to the transfer mechanism 5; if no smoke is detected in the temporary storage mechanism 4 and the carbon dioxide concentration increasing rate is extremely high, the fact that the battery broken objects are out of control is indicated, the temperature of the battery broken objects is normal, dry ice sublimates normally, and the battery broken objects are sent to the transfer mechanism 5 after a period of time; the risk of ignition of the lithium battery during the crushing stage can be reduced.
In the description of embodiments of the present invention, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communication between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention will be understood in specific cases by those of ordinary skill in the art.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the directions or positional relationships indicated by the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
With the above-described preferred embodiments according to the present invention as an illustration, the above-described descriptions can be used by persons skilled in the relevant art to make various changes and modifications without departing from the scope of the technical idea of the present invention. The technical scope of the present invention is not limited to the description, but must be determined according to the scope of claims.
Claims (6)
1. Waste lithium battery charged crushing system based on dry ice, which is characterized by comprising:
the device comprises a conveying mechanism, a cladding mechanism, a crushing mechanism and a temporary storage mechanism; wherein the method comprises the steps of
The conveying mechanism is suitable for conveying lithium batteries;
the coating mechanism is suitable for forming a continuous dry ice layer outside the lithium battery so that the lithium battery and the dry ice layer are crushed synchronously in the crushing mechanism, and a uniform mixture is formed in the temporary storage mechanism;
the dry ice is suitable for sublimating normally when the temperature of the battery broken objects in the temporary storage mechanism is not increased;
the dry ice is suitable for quick sublimation when the battery broken objects in the temporary storage mechanism are in thermal runaway or burn;
the temporary storage mechanism is suitable for conveying the broken battery into the transfer mechanism when detecting normal sublimation of the dry ice;
the temporary storage mechanism is suitable for cooling the broken battery objects when the rapid sublimation of the dry ice is detected, and sending the broken battery objects to the transfer mechanism after the thermal runaway is interrupted; and
the temporary storage mechanism is suitable for extinguishing fire to the broken battery objects when the rapid sublimation and smoke of the dry ice are detected, and the broken battery objects are sent to the transfer mechanism after the thermal runaway is interrupted.
2. The dry ice-based waste lithium battery charged crushing system of claim 1, wherein,
the temporary storage mechanism comprises: two temporary storage bins; wherein the method comprises the steps of
The two temporary storage bins alternately receive the broken battery objects;
each temporary storage bin is internally provided with a smoke sensor, a carbon dioxide concentration sensor and a carbon dioxide nozzle which are electrically connected with the control module;
the control module is suitable for controlling the carbon dioxide nozzle to extinguish the fire of the battery crushed objects when the smoke sensor detects smoke; and
the control module is suitable for controlling the carbon dioxide nozzle to cool the battery crushed material when the carbon dioxide concentration increasing rate exceeds a threshold value.
3. A dry ice based waste lithium battery charged crushing system according to claim 2, wherein,
the cladding mechanism includes: the device comprises a workbench, a film placing component, a film pulling component, a hole punching component, a cutting component and a feeding component; wherein the method comprises the steps of
The film pulling assembly is suitable for clamping one end of the adhesive tape on the film placing assembly to pull the adhesive tape to the hole punching assembly to punch the hole, cutting the punched adhesive tape from the film placing assembly through the cutting assembly, then pulling the cut adhesive tape to the feeding assembly to lay dry ice, and finally pulling the adhesive tape with the dry ice to the wrapping position of the workbench.
4. A dry ice based waste lithium battery charged crushing system according to claim 3, wherein,
the conveying mechanism comprises: the device comprises a holding plate, a conveying assembly and a pushing assembly; wherein the method comprises the steps of
The conveying component is suitable for conveying the lithium batteries to the containing plate;
the pushing component is suitable for pushing the lithium battery on the containing plate to a rubber belt paved with dry ice at the wrapping position.
5. A dry ice based waste lithium battery charged crushing system according to claim 4, wherein,
the cladding mechanism further includes: the pushing and rolling assembly, the turning plate assembly and the receiving assembly are arranged on the machine frame; wherein the method comprises the steps of
The pushing and rolling assembly is arranged at one side of the wrapping position, and the turning plate assembly is arranged on the table surface of the workbench and is positioned below the feeding assembly;
when the lithium battery is a round lithium battery, the pushing and rolling assembly pushes the round lithium battery to roll on the adhesive tape with the dry ice at the wrapping position to wind the adhesive tape until the lithium battery rolls to the turning plate assembly, and the turning plate assembly is opened to enable the lithium battery to fall into the crushing mechanism below; and
when the lithium battery is a square lithium battery, the pushing and rolling assembly pushes the square lithium battery to translate to the turning plate assembly, one end of the square lithium battery slides onto the receiving assembly below by opening the turning plate assembly, the square lithium battery is turned over by the turning plate assembly, and then the square lithium battery is transported to the pushing assembly.
6. A method of operating a dry ice based spent lithium battery charged fragmentation system of claim 1 comprising:
conveying the lithium battery through a conveying mechanism;
the lithium battery conveyed by the conveying mechanism is coated with dry ice through the coating mechanism;
receiving and crushing the lithium battery coated with the dry ice through a crushing mechanism;
receiving the broken battery objects through a temporary storage mechanism; wherein the method comprises the steps of
When the temporary storage mechanism detects that the dry ice sublimates normally, the broken battery is sent to the transfer mechanism;
when the temporary storage mechanism detects that the dry ice sublimates rapidly, the temperature of the broken battery is reduced until the thermal runaway is interrupted, and the broken dry ice is sent to the transfer mechanism;
the temporary storage mechanism is suitable for extinguishing the broken battery objects when the rapid sublimation and smoke of the dry ice are detected, and the broken battery objects are sent to the transfer mechanism after the thermal runaway is interrupted.
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