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CN116356175B - Al-Sc-Ti grain refiner capable of resisting silicon poisoning and application thereof - Google Patents

Al-Sc-Ti grain refiner capable of resisting silicon poisoning and application thereof

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Publication number
CN116356175B
CN116356175B CN202310292187.6A CN202310292187A CN116356175B CN 116356175 B CN116356175 B CN 116356175B CN 202310292187 A CN202310292187 A CN 202310292187A CN 116356175 B CN116356175 B CN 116356175B
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grain refiner
alloy
aluminum
grain
silicon
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CN116356175A (en
Inventor
廉鹏
毛红奎
蔚琦
马瑞林
白霄宇
李聪
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North University of China
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North University of China
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
    • C22C1/06—Making non-ferrous alloys with the use of special agents for refining or deoxidising
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
    • C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
    • C22C1/026—Alloys based on aluminium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
    • C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
    • C22C1/03—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting using master alloys
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
    • C22C21/003—Alloys based on aluminium containing at least 2.6% of one or more of the elements: tin, lead, antimony, bismuth, cadmium, and titanium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C28/00—Alloys based on a metal not provided for in groups C22C5/00 - C22C27/00
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
    • Y02P10/20—Recycling

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Silicon Compounds (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides an Al-Sc-Ti grain refiner capable of resisting silicon poisoning and application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of casting, wherein the chemical components of the grain refiner and the mass percentage thereof are Sc 10-50 wt%, ti 3-10 wt%, and the balance of Al, the Al-Sc-Ti grain refiner is used for grain refinement of aluminum-silicon alloy, after the Al-Sc-Ti grain refiner is introduced into the aluminum-silicon alloy, heterogeneous nucleation phases (Al, si) 3 (Ti, sc) can be formed in solution and serve as nucleation sites of alpha-Al, the production of heterogeneous nucleation phases (Al, si) 3 (Ti, sc) enables alpha-Al grains in the aluminum-silicon alloy to be greatly refined, the efficiency of the grain refiner is greatly improved, and the heterogeneous nucleation phases (Al, si) 3 (Ti, sc) are not influenced by Si in the aluminum-silicon alloy, so that the influence of silicon poisoning in the aluminum-silicon alloy is avoided.

Description

Al-Sc-Ti grain refiner capable of resisting silicon poisoning and application thereof
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of casting, and particularly relates to an Al-Sc-Ti grain refiner capable of resisting silicon poisoning and application thereof.
Background
Al-Si cast alloys, such as A356 and A357, are widely used in the automotive field due to their low coefficient of thermal expansion, high wear resistance, and low cost. Grain refinement is one of the important methods for improving the properties of al—si based alloys. The grain refiner not only redistributes the porosity of the casting but also reduces the porosity of the casting. In general, the grain refiner should be selected to meet both the requirements of promoting nucleation and hindering grain growth. Al-Ti-B master alloys have been widely used as grain refiners in aluminum alloys because Al 3 Ti and TiB 2 can act as heterogeneous nucleation sites for alpha-Al and during solidification, excess Ti atoms can dissolve in the solid-liquid interface to limit grain growth.
The grain refiner containing Ti can be perfectly suitable for other aluminum alloys besides aluminum-silicon alloys. Because the Ti, B and C atoms in the grain refiner combine with each other or Al atoms in the metal solution to form Al 3Ti、TiB2、TiC.Al3Ti、TiB2 and TiC as heterogeneous nucleation phases of alpha-Al, the alpha-Al can be precipitated before solidification and nucleation sites are provided for the growth of the alpha-Al. However, in the aluminum-silicon alloy, when the silicon content is more than 3wt.%, poisoning phenomenon occurs, that is, ti atoms are preferentially combined with Si atoms to form TiSi compounds, and the surfaces of TiB 2 and TiC are covered with a layer of Si atoms, resulting in an increase in interface energy and degree of mismatching of TiB 2, tiC and α -Al. At this time TiB 2, tiC can no longer provide nucleation sites for the growth of alpha-Al. Although Al 3Ti、TiB2 and TiC cannot produce heterogeneous nucleation due to poisoning of silicon, ti atoms can limit growth of the Ti atoms in the growth process of alpha-Al, so that the alpha-Al grain refinement effect is achieved, but the grain refinement effect is limited. Therefore, in order to increase the efficiency of the grain refiner, it is necessary to be able to provide a novel heterogeneous nucleation phase for the growth of α -Al in aluminum-silicon alloys.
For decades, scientists have made tremendous efforts to avoid the problem of poisoning silicon in aluminum-silicon alloys. But so far there is no good solution. Some scholars have tried to avoid poisoning effects by changing the ratio of Ti to B, such as Al-3Ti-3B, al-3Ti-1B, increasing the level of refiner and explore a new master alloy, such as Al-Ti-B-C, al-Ti-Nb-B, al-Nb-B. However, these efforts have not completely solved the problem of poisoning of silicon in aluminum-silicon alloys.
The patent number CN 114717453A discloses a high-strength and high-toughness cast aluminum-silicon alloy, wherein Al-Ti-C-CuO mixed powder is added in the preparation process of the aluminum-silicon alloy, a large number of TiC ceramic particles with small and uniform size are generated by reaction in a melt, and eutectic silicon phase is fully and effectively subjected to silicon phase transformation by virtue of Eu and La rare earth elements.
The patent number CN 104328300B discloses a preparation method of a refiner for the waste aluminum pop can alloy, and the refiner Al-Ti-Sc not only can refine as-cast crystal grains and dendrite structures, meets the recovery and grade-keeping reduction requirements of the waste aluminum pop can alloy, but also obviously improves the recrystallization temperature of the plate for the pop can.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention overcomes the defects of the prior art and provides an Al-Sc-Ti grain refiner capable of resisting silicon poisoning and application thereof.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention is realized by the following technical scheme.
An Al-Sc-Ti grain refiner capable of resisting silicon poisoning comprises, by mass, 10-50% of Sc, 3-10% of Ti and the balance of Al.
Preferably, the mass ratio of Sc to Ti is more than or equal to 3.
More preferably, the mass ratio of Sc to Ti is 5:1.
Preferably, the preparation method of the grain refiner comprises the following steps:
1) Weighing the required substances containing Sc and substances containing Ti and substances containing Al according to the mass ratio;
2) Smelting, namely putting the weighed raw materials into a smelting furnace, and fully stirring to form a melt after the raw materials are melted into metal liquid;
3) Pouring the melt into a mould for solidification and forming to form the grain refiner.
More preferably, the smelting temperature in the step 2) is more than 650 ℃, the heat preservation time is more than or equal to 0.5h after the smelting is finished, stirring and slag skimming are carried out, and a fully reacted melt is formed.
The application of Al-Sc-Ti grain refiner capable of resisting silicon poisoning is used for grain refining of aluminium-silicon alloy.
An application of an Al-Sc-Ti grain refiner capable of resisting silicon poisoning, which comprises the following steps:
1) Weighing the aluminum-silicon alloy to be refined, drying, and heating and melting;
2) Calculating and weighing the required Al-Sc-Ti grain refiner according to the mass percentage, and putting the dried Al-Sc-Ti grain refiner into an aluminum-silicon alloy melt;
3) And (3) after the Al-Sc-Ti grain refiner is completely melted, degassing, slagging off, standing, pouring the aluminum-silicon alloy melt into a die, and cooling to obtain the required casting.
Preferably, the mass of Sc in the added Al-Sc-Ti grain refiner is more than or equal to 0.5wt.% of the mass of the aluminum-silicon alloy to be refined.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
In the grain refiner prepared by the invention, the content of Sc is more than three times of the content of Ti. When the novel Al-Sc-Ti grain refiner is introduced into an aluminum-silicon alloy, a novel heterogeneous nucleation phase (Al, si) 3 (Ti, sc) is formed in solution and serves as a nucleation site for alpha-Al. The generation of the novel heterogeneous nucleation phase (Al, si) 3 (Ti, sc) greatly refines alpha-Al grains in the aluminum-silicon alloy, and greatly improves the efficiency of the grain refiner. Meanwhile, the novel heterogeneous nucleation phase (Al, si) 3 (Ti, sc) is not influenced by Si in the aluminum-silicon alloy, so that the influence caused by silicon poisoning in the aluminum-silicon alloy is avoided.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a gold phase diagram of ZL114A alloy grains with 20g of Al-10Ti grain refiner added.
FIG. 2 is a gold phase diagram of ZL114A alloy grains with 100g of Al-5Sc-1Ti grain refiner added.
FIG. 3 is a gold phase diagram of ZL114A alloy grains with 140g of Al-5Sc-1Ti grain refiner added.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical problems, technical schemes and beneficial effects to be solved more clear, the invention is further described in detail by combining the embodiments and the drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. The following describes the technical scheme of the present invention in detail with reference to examples and drawings, but the scope of protection is not limited thereto.
Example 1
A preparation method of an Al-5Sc-1Ti grain refiner comprises the following steps:
Weighing 200g of Al-10Sc intermediate alloy, 40g of Al-10Ti intermediate alloy and 165g of pure aluminum, drying, heating and melting, fully stirring after melting into metal liquid to form fully reacted melt, pouring the fully reacted melt into a mould for solidification and molding to form the refiner alloy material Al-5Sc-1Ti.
Example 2
An application method of an Al-5Sc-1Ti grain refiner comprises the following steps:
1000g of ZL114A alloy is weighed, dried, heated and melted, and 100g of Al-5Sc-1Ti grain refiner prepared as in example 1 is weighed after the alloy is completely melted. And (3) completely drying, then placing into metal liquid, carrying out operations such as degassing, slag skimming and the like after the grain refiner is completely melted, standing for 20 minutes, pouring the metal melt into a die, and cooling to obtain the required casting.
1000G of ZL114A alloy with 20g of Al-10Ti grain refiner added was cast under the same conditions for comparison. Statistically, the grain size of ZL114A alloy to which 20g of Al-10Ti grain refiner was added was 545.5 μm (see FIG. 1), and the grain size of ZL114A alloy to which 100g of Al-5Sc-1Ti grain refiner was added was 219.2 μm (see FIG. 2). It can be seen that the Al-Sc-Ti grain refiner prepared in example 1 has a significant improvement over the conventional Al-10Ti grain refiner.
Example 3
An application method of an Al-5Sc-1Ti grain refiner comprises the following steps:
1000g of ZL114A alloy is weighed, dried, heated and melted, and 140g of Al-5Sc-1Ti grain refiner prepared as in example 1 is weighed after the alloy is completely melted. And (3) completely drying, then placing into metal liquid, carrying out operations such as degassing, slag skimming and the like after the grain refiner is completely melted, standing for 20 minutes, pouring the metal melt into a die, and cooling to obtain the required casting.
1000G of ZL114A alloy with 20g of Al-10Ti grain refiner added was cast under the same conditions for comparison. Through statistics, the grain size of the ZL114A alloy added with 20g of the Al-10Ti grain refiner is 545.5 μm (see FIG. 1), and the grain size of the ZL114A alloy added with 140g of the Al-5Sc-1Ti grain refiner is 153.8 μm (see FIG. 3), thus the Al-Sc-Ti grain refiner prepared in example 1 is greatly improved compared with the conventional Al-10Ti grain refiner. Meanwhile, with the increase of the addition amount of the Al-Sc-Ti grain refiner, the grain refining effect of the aluminum-silicon alloy is also obviously improved.
Example 4
A preparation method of an Al-5Sc-1Ti grain refiner comprises the following steps:
Weighing 120g of Al-10Sc intermediate alloy, 40g of Al-10Ti intermediate alloy and 165g of pure aluminum, drying, heating and melting, fully stirring after melting into metal liquid to form fully reacted melt, pouring the fully reacted melt into a mould for solidification and molding to form the refiner alloy material Al-3Sc-1Ti.
Example 5
A preparation method of an Al-5Sc-1Ti grain refiner comprises the following steps:
Weighing 120g of Al-10Sc intermediate alloy, 30g of Al-10Ti intermediate alloy and 1000g of pure aluminum, heating and melting after drying, fully stirring after melting into metal liquid to form fully reacted melt, pouring the fully reacted melt into a mould for solidification and molding to form the refiner alloy material Al-4Sc-1Ti.
Example 6
A preparation method of an Al-5Sc-1Ti grain refiner comprises the following steps:
Weighing 120g of Al-10Sc intermediate alloy, 12g of Al-10Ti intermediate alloy and 268g of pure aluminum, drying, heating and melting, fully stirring after melting into metal liquid to form fully reacted melt, pouring the fully reacted melt into a mould for solidification and molding to form the refiner alloy material Al-10Sc-1Ti.
While the invention has been described in detail in connection with specific preferred embodiments thereof, it is not to be construed as limited thereto, but rather as a result of a simple deduction or substitution by a person having ordinary skill in the art to which the invention pertains without departing from the scope of the invention defined by the appended claims.

Claims (1)

1.一种可抗硅中毒的Al-Sc-Ti晶粒细化剂的应用，其特征在于，1. Application of an Al-Sc-Ti grain refiner resistant to silicon poisoning, characterized in that: Al-5Sc-1Ti晶粒细化剂的制备方法包括以下步骤：The preparation method of Al-5Sc-1Ti grain refiner comprises the following steps: 配料：称取Al-10Sc中间合金200g，Al-10Ti中间合金40g，纯铝165g，烘干之后加热熔化，熔化成金属液体后充分搅拌，形成充分反应后的熔体；将充分反应的熔体倒入模具当中凝固成型，形成细化剂合金材料Al-5Sc-1Ti；Ingredients: Weigh 200g of Al-10Sc master alloy, 40g of Al-10Ti master alloy, and 165g of pure aluminum, dry them, heat and melt them, and stir them thoroughly to form a fully reacted melt. Pour the fully reacted melt into a mold and solidify it to form a refiner alloy material Al-5Sc-1Ti. 所述Al-5Sc-1Ti晶粒细化剂用于铝硅合金的晶粒细化：称取1000g的ZL114A合金，烘干后加热熔化，待全部熔化后，称取140g制备好的Al-5Sc-1Ti晶粒细化剂；完全烘干后置入金属液体当中，待晶粒细化剂全部熔化后，进行除气、扒渣操作，静置20分钟后，将金属熔体浇注至模具当中，冷却之后得到所需铸件。The Al-5Sc-1Ti grain refiner is used for grain refinement of aluminum-silicon alloy: 1000g of ZL114A alloy is weighed, dried, and then heated to melt. After it is completely melted, 140g of the prepared Al-5Sc-1Ti grain refiner is weighed; after it is completely dried, it is placed in the metal liquid. After the grain refiner is completely melted, degassing and slag removal operations are performed. After standing for 20 minutes, the metal melt is poured into a mold and cooled to obtain the desired casting.
CN202310292187.6A 2023-03-23 2023-03-23 Al-Sc-Ti grain refiner capable of resisting silicon poisoning and application thereof Active CN116356175B (en)

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Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104328300A (en) * 2014-11-14 2015-02-04 中北大学 Preparation method and application method of refiner for waste aluminum ring-pull can alloy
CN111926219A (en) * 2020-06-29 2020-11-13 广西国瑞稀钪新材料科技有限公司 Novel Al-Ti-Sc aluminum alloy grain refinement intermediate alloy and preparation method thereof
CN112553492A (en) * 2020-11-23 2021-03-26 西安工业大学 Preparation method of refiner for Al-Si alloy structure refinement

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114507787B (en) * 2020-11-17 2022-12-20 上海交通大学包头材料研究院 Method for Refining As-Cast Structure of Aluminum Alloy
CN114150173A (en) * 2021-12-07 2022-03-08 福建省漳平市九鼎氟化工有限公司 Al-Ti-C-Sc intermediate alloy refiner and preparation method thereof

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104328300A (en) * 2014-11-14 2015-02-04 中北大学 Preparation method and application method of refiner for waste aluminum ring-pull can alloy
CN111926219A (en) * 2020-06-29 2020-11-13 广西国瑞稀钪新材料科技有限公司 Novel Al-Ti-Sc aluminum alloy grain refinement intermediate alloy and preparation method thereof
CN112553492A (en) * 2020-11-23 2021-03-26 西安工业大学 Preparation method of refiner for Al-Si alloy structure refinement

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
Sc、Ti、Sr对Al-Si-Mg合金的晶粒细化与硅变质的作用机制研究;廉鹏;万方数据学位论文;20241030;全文 *

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