WO2023241681A1 - Aluminum alloy additive, and preparation method therefor and use thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The present application provides an aluminum alloy additive, and a preparation method therefor and the use thereof. The aluminum alloy additive comprises the following components in percentage by mass: TiB₂: 5%-25%, Mn: 14%-20%, impurities: less than or equal to 1%, and the balance of Al. According to the present application, for different aluminum alloy systems, the mass ratio of TiB₂ to Mn is adjusted, "alloyed-refined-strengthened" one-time addition is achieved, the as-cast structure of an aluminum alloy can be improved, the grain size is reduced, and the tensile strength and the yield strength of the aluminum alloy are improved; in addition, the morphology of a Fe phase affecting mechanical properties in the aluminum alloy is improved, the harmful effect of the impurity Fe in casting the aluminum alloy is eliminated, and thus the aluminum alloy into which the aluminum alloy additive is added exhibits good microstructure and mechanical properties; the addition steps are simple, and the addition conditions are mild.

Description

Aluminum alloy additive and preparation method and application thereof

Cross-references to related applications

This application claims priority to the Chinese patent application submitted to the China Patent Office on June 17, 2022, with application number 202210690474.8 and the invention title "An aluminum alloy additive and its preparation method and application", the entire content of which is incorporated by reference. in this application.

Technical field

The present disclosure relates to the field of metal materials, and specifically relates to an aluminum alloy additive and its preparation method and application.

Background technique

Aluminum alloy has excellent properties such as good fluidity, no tendency to thermal crack, small linear shrinkage, small specific gravity, and good corrosion resistance, making it widely used in industrial fields such as automobiles, aviation, construction, transportation, and electric power. With the increasing application of aluminum alloys in high-tech fields, the requirements for the structure and properties of aluminum alloys are getting higher and higher. How to obtain the best as-cast structure is the basis for controlling the deformation structure and its properties, and it is also one of the key steps. one. Grain size and shape are important features of the as-cast structure. Small and uniform equiaxed grains are what people want to see. To obtain this structure, necessary grain refinement methods are essential.

At present, in industrial production, aluminum alloy grain refiners are added to aluminum alloys to refine the grains. Commonly used aluminum alloy grain refiners are Al-Ti-B, Al-Ti-C and Al-Ti-B-C. etc., but the refined performance cannot meet the casting quality required for higher performance when the cost is limited.

On the other hand, there is inevitably a certain amount of impurity iron in aluminum and aluminum alloys. This comes first from the raw materials, and secondly from the fact that the crucibles and other smelting tools and casting molds used in the smelting and casting processes are mostly made of iron, which brings iron into them. into molten aluminum. For example, in aluminum-silicon-magnesium alloys, they mainly exist in the form of aluminum-silicon-iron intermetallic compounds. There are two common α-Fe phases and β-Fe phases. The organizational morphology of the α-Fe phase is Chinese character-like or bone-like, etc. The β-iron phase is needle-shaped (three-dimensionally flake-shaped). Research shows that the iron phase existing in the form of needles and flakes is harmful to the mechanical properties of the alloy. When it exists in the form of Chinese characters (skeleton), it has The harmful effect is not obvious. Under normal circumstances, the iron phase is more likely to appear in the form of needle-like and flaky iron phases, thus affecting the mechanical properties of aluminum alloys.

At present, commonly used aluminum alloy refiners have high requirements on the quality of aluminum alloys. Adding refiners can only refine the grains, and has almost no effect on the impurity Fe in the aluminum alloy, and has limited improvement in the performance of the aluminum alloy. . Furthermore, existing aluminum alloy additives are either too costly to be widely used, or their use steps and processes are complex, limiting their application in production.

Contents of the invention

In order to solve the above problems, this application provides an aluminum alloy additive and its preparation method and application.

The first aspect of this application is to provide an aluminum alloy additive, the composition of which includes, in terms of mass percentage: TiB ₂ 5%-25%, Mn 14%-20%, impurities ≤ 1%, and the remainder is Al.

Optionally, in some embodiments of the present application, the TiB ₂ is 5%-12%, and the mass ratio of the TiB ₂ to the Mn is 1: (1.4-1.6).

Optionally, in some embodiments of the present application, the TiB ₂ is 20%-24%, and the mass ratio of the TiB ₂ to the Mn is (1.23-1.25):1.

Optionally, in some embodiments of the present application, the TiB ₂ is 5%, and the mass ratio of the TiB ₂ to the Mn is 1: (3.5-4).

The second aspect of this application provides a method for preparing aluminum alloy additives, which includes the following steps:

Heat the TiB ₂ /Al composite material, pure Mn and pure Al until melted. After all the raw materials are dissolved, keep them warm and let stand to obtain an alloy melt;

The alloy melt is sequentially subjected to impurity removal, refining and slag removal;

The alloy melt after the slag removal treatment is sequentially stirred and cast to obtain an aluminum alloy additive with the following alloy composition. In terms of mass percentage, TiB ₂ 5%-25%, Mn 14%-20%, impurities ≤ 1%, the rest is Al.

Optionally, in some embodiments of the present application, the mass percentage of TiB2 in the TiB ₂ /Al composite material is 20%-30%.

Optionally, in some embodiments of the present application, the particle size diameter of the TiB ₂ /Al composite material is 100 nm-2.0 μm.

Optionally, in some embodiments of the present application, the heating temperature is 900°C-1100°C.

Optionally, in some embodiments of the present application, the method for preparing aluminum alloy additives also includes: before the heating: drying the TiB ₂ /Al composite material, pure Mn and pure Al.

Optionally, in some embodiments of the present application, the impurity removal includes: adding a slag agent to the alloy melt. The components of the slag agent include: sodium chloride, potassium chloride, and fluorosilicic acid. Sodium and Fluorite.

Optionally, in some embodiments of the present application, the refining includes: passing inert gas into the impurity-removed alloy melt, wherein the rotation speed is 300 rpm-700 rpm, and the refining time is 18 minutes - 22 minutes.

Correspondingly, the third aspect of the present application is to provide the application of the above-mentioned aluminum alloy additive as a smelting additive for aluminum alloy.

The fourth aspect of the present application is to provide an aluminum alloy, which contains the above-mentioned aluminum alloy additive, and the mass percentage of the aluminum alloy additive is 1%-2%.

This application has one or more of the following beneficial effects:

In this application, for the first time, the seed material TiB ₂ particles, Mn elements and Al elements are combined to form an additive for refining and strengthening the cast structure of aluminum alloy. During the smelting process of aluminum alloy, the additive can be directly added to the aluminum liquid. For different aluminum alloy systems, the mass ratio of TiB ₂ and Mn is adjusted to achieve "alloying-refining-strengthening" one-time addition, which improves the problem of the complicated addition process of existing additives. The seed crystal material TiB ₂ can effectively refine α-Al grains as a heterogeneous nucleation core during the solidification process. At the same time, submicron TiB ₂ particles are dispersed in the Al matrix and can play a dispersion strengthening effect to improve the aluminum alloy. Strength; Mn element can improve the Fe phase morphology in aluminum alloys that affects mechanical properties and eliminate the harmful effects of impurity Fe in cast aluminum alloys.

When used as a smelting additive for aluminum-silicon-magnesium alloys, the additives of this application transform the eutectic silicon form in the cast Al7SiMg aluminum alloy from coarse flakes or needles to fine spherical or rod-like shapes, and at the same time refine the α-Al grains. size, effectively refine and strengthen the cast structure of Al7SiMg aluminum alloy, and improve the Fe morphology in Al7SiMg aluminum alloy, improve the performance of Al7SiMg aluminum alloy, and expand its application scope.

Description of the drawings

In order to explain the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application more clearly, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only These are some embodiments of the present application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without exerting creative efforts.

Figure 1 is a cast metallographic diagram of the aluminum alloy additive provided by this application;

Figure 2 is a cast metallographic diagram of the aluminum alloy additive provided by this application;

Figure 3 is a cast metallographic diagram of the Al7SiMg aluminum alloy after adding aluminum alloy additives provided by this application;

Figure 4 is a cast metallographic diagram of the Al7SiMg aluminum alloy after adding aluminum alloy additives provided by this application.

Detailed ways

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without making creative efforts fall within the scope of protection of this application. In addition, it should be understood that the specific embodiments described here are only used to illustrate and explain the application, and are not used to limit the application. In this application, unless otherwise stated, the directional words used such as "upper", "lower", "left" and "right" usually refer to the upper, lower and left positions of the device in actual use or working state. and right, specifically the drawing direction in the attached drawing.

This application provides an aluminum alloy additive and its preparation method and application, which will be described in detail below. It should be noted that the description order of the following embodiments does not limit the preferred order of the embodiments of the present application. In the following embodiments, each embodiment is described with its own emphasis. For parts that are not described in detail in a certain embodiment, please refer to the relevant descriptions of other embodiments.

The embodiment of the present application provides an aluminum alloy additive whose components include, in terms of mass percentage: TiB ₂ 5%-25%, Mn 14%-20%, impurities ≤ 1%, and the remainder is Al.

It should be noted that iron is the most common impurity in cast aluminum alloys. Reducing the content of iron elements in aluminum alloys is a problem that needs to be solved in the recycling of aluminum and aluminum alloys and the conventional generation of aluminum and aluminum alloys. In aluminum-silicon-magnesium alloys, they mainly exist in the form of aluminum-silicon-iron intermetallic compounds. There are two common α-Fe phases and β-Fe phases. The structure morphology of the α-Fe phase is Chinese characters or bones, etc. The Fe phase exists in the shape of Chinese characters or bones and other forms, and its harmful effect on the matrix is not very obvious; while the β-iron phase is in the shape of thick needles (three-dimensional flakes), and the deformation is uneven, resulting in the iron phase and the metal There is a relatively high stress concentration at the junction of the matrix, which significantly reduces the mechanical properties of the alloy. Therefore, it is very important to reduce this acicular iron phase. The Mn element in the additive of this application can greatly reduce the number and size of the β-Fe phase, and even make the β-Fe phase disappear completely, changing the form of the iron phase in the aluminum alloy, and avoiding the generation of needle-like or flaky iron phases. Make the iron phase exist in the α-Fe phase as much as possible, thereby improving the morphology of the Fe phase that affects the mechanical properties of the aluminum alloy, thereby reducing the splitting effect of β-Fe relative to the matrix and eliminating the harmful effects of impurity Fe in cast aluminum alloys. effect.

The TiB ₂ particles of the additive seed material have a hexagonal crystal structure. The mismatch degree between the planar lattice surface of TiB ₂ and the planar lattice surface of α-Al is less than 15%. From the perspective of lattice matching, TiB ₂ is α-Al The potential nucleation substrate can be used as a heterogeneous nucleation core to effectively refine the grains during the solidification process, helping to obtain a finer solidification structure, thereby eliminating defects and improving mechanical properties; at the same time, sub-micron TiB ₂ particles Dispersed in the Al matrix, it can play a role in dispersion strengthening and improve the strength of the alloy.

It should be further noted that in some embodiments, the mass ratio of TiB ₂ and Mn is adjusted for different aluminum alloy systems to achieve "alloying-refining-strengthening" addition at once.

In some embodiments, an aluminum alloy additive containing the following alloy components is provided: TiB ₂ 5%-12%, Mn 14%-20%, and the mass ratio of TiB ₂ to Mn is 1: (1.4-1.6). Adding aluminum alloy additives to aluminum-silicon-magnesium alloys is beneficial to improving the tensile strength, yield strength and elongation of aluminum-silicon-magnesium alloys, and can be used to prepare high-strength aluminum-silicon-magnesium alloys. In a specific example, this aluminum alloy additive is used in ZL101A and ZL114A, preferably the mass ratio of TiB ₂ to Mn is 10/16, that is, Al16Mn10TiB ₂ . In this alloy system, the addition amount of Mn is 0.16wt% of the alloy mass, which has the best effect.

In other embodiments, an aluminum alloy additive containing the following alloy components is provided, including in terms of mass percentage: TiB ₂ 20%-24%, Mn 14%-20%, impurities ≤ 1%, and the remainder is Al. The mass ratio of TiB ₂ to Mn is (1.23-1.25):1. Adding aluminum alloy additives to aluminum-silicon-magnesium alloys is beneficial to improving the tensile strength and yield strength of aluminum-silicon-magnesium alloys. However, as the TiB ₂ particles increase, the elongation decreases slightly and can be used to prepare high-strength and high-yield aluminum. Silicon magnesium alloy. In a specific example, an additive with a mass ratio of TiB ₂ to Mn of 20/16, namely Al16Mn20TiB ₂ , can be prepared. Adding this additive to ZL101A and ZL114A will increase the tensile strength and yield strength of ZL101A and ZL114A aluminum alloys, and the elongation will decrease, but the elongation will decrease very little. In addition, it will increase Adding TiB ₂ particles will increase the cost of addition. Considering the use effect, adding Al16Mn20TiB ₂ has higher strength while maintaining good toughness, but its use cost is higher.

In some other embodiments, an aluminum alloy additive containing the following alloy components is provided, including in terms of mass percentage: TiB ₂ 5%, Mn 14%-20%, impurities ≤ 1%, and the remainder is Al. The mass ratio of TiB ₂ to Mn is 1: (3.5-4). Adding aluminum alloy additives to manganese-containing alloys (Mn content range 0.3-0.1%) is beneficial to making the Mn content of manganese-containing alloys meet the standard. TiB ₂ particles are refined and the cast structure is strengthened, which is beneficial to improving the strength of manganese-containing alloys. . In a specific embodiment, increase the Mn content and reduce the TiB ₂ content, such as Al20Mn5TiB ₂ . This additive is suitable for adding to aluminum alloys with a Mn content of about 0.4wt%, such as ZL205A. After adding this additive, The Mn content in ZL205A reaches the standard, and 0.1wt% TiB ₂ particles are matched in the ZL205A aluminum alloy, which can make ZL205A have better mechanical properties.

Correspondingly, embodiments of the present application also provide a method for preparing aluminum alloy additives, which includes the following steps:

S1, add TiB ₂ /Al composite material, pure Mn and aluminum ingot to the furnace in sequence and heat to 900℃-1100℃ to melt them all. After all the raw materials are dissolved, keep them warm and let stand to obtain the alloy melt.

It should be noted that the heating temperature is 900°C-1100°C, which reduces the melt viscosity, thereby increasing the diffusion rate of Mn and TiB ₂ , and combined with rapid cooling, it is beneficial to make the distribution of aluminum alloy additive structural components more uniform.

In some embodiments, the standing time is 55 minutes to 65 minutes, which is beneficial to the TiB ₂ being more evenly dispersed in the aluminum melt and avoiding the agglomeration and sedimentation of the TiB ₂ . In other embodiments, before performing step S1, it may also include: drying all the raw materials first. And calculate the ingredients according to the designed aluminum alloy additive composition.

S2, the alloy melt is sequentially subjected to impurity removal, refining and slag removal.

It should be noted that the impurity removal treatment in step S2 is specifically: adding a slag agent to the alloy melt to remove impurities. By adding a slag breaking agent, the scum generated during the alloy melting process is loosened, making it easy to clean out and remove impurities. The slag breaking agent can use conventional aluminum alloy slag breaking agent ingredients. For example, a deslag agent consisting of sodium chloride, potassium chloride, sodium fluorosilicate and fluorite can be used.

The refining treatment in step S2 can use conventional degassing rotary refining to purify the aluminum liquid. For example, degassing refining is used to pass inert gas into the alloy melt for degassing refining. In a specific example, a rotary blowing device is used to pass argon gas into the alloy melt, where the rotation speed is 300 rpm to 700 rpm, and the refining time is 18 minutes to 22 minutes.

After the refining process is completed, the alloy melt is subjected to slag removal treatment. Specifically, the floating objects on the surface of the alloy melt are removed to further purify the alloy melt.

S3, the alloy melt after the slag removal treatment is stirred and cast in sequence to obtain an aluminum alloy additive with the following alloy composition, in terms of mass percentage, TiB ₂ 5%-25%, Mn 14%-20%, Impurities ≤1%, the rest is Al. In this step, the alloy melt is stirred evenly, which is beneficial to uniformly dispersing TiB ₂ in the melt and improves the refinement effect of the additive. In a specific example, the casting process specifically includes pouring the uniformly stirred alloy melt into a preheated waffle ingot mold for shaping.

It should be noted that the stirring in step S3 can adopt a conventional stirring method that can achieve homogenization of the alloy melt. For example, any stirring method such as mechanical stirring and vibration, electromagnetic stirring or ultrasonic stirring can be used.

The microstructure of the aluminum alloy additive prepared by the above method is shown in Figures 1 and 2. The position pointed by the arrow in Figure 2 is that TiB ₂ particles are evenly dispersed in the Al matrix. No TiB ₂ appears in Figures 1 and 2. The agglomeration phenomenon of particles and Mn elements.

In other embodiments of the present application, the particle size diameter of the TiB ₂ /Al composite material is 100 nm-2.0 μm. The use of submicron TiB ₂ /Al composite materials can play a dispersion strengthening role to improve the strength of the alloy. It should be noted that the TiB ₂ /Al composite material is a commercially available material. In some embodiments, the TiB ₂ mass percentage of the TiB ₂ /Al composite material is 20%-30%. Using TiB ₂ with a mass percentage of more than 20%, when preparing aluminum alloy additives, the mass ratio of TiB ₂ and Mn is more flexible, which can meet the needs of different aluminum alloys for additives.

TiB ₂ /Al composite materials can be prepared using the melt self-propagation method. The specific steps are as follows:

Contains the following components, the mass percentage of B is 1.0-2.5%, the molar ratio of Ti/B is = 1/2, the balance is Al, the phase composition includes α-Al, TiB ₂ , and the average particle size of TiB ₂ The size is below 0.6μm, and the TiB ₂ particles are relatively evenly dispersed; including the following steps:

(1) Prepare raw materials. Weigh H ₃ BO ₃ , TiO ₂ , aluminum powder, titanium powder, and aluminum ingots as required. The molar ratio of H ₃ BO ₃ : TiO ₂ : Al powder: Ti powder = (3.5-5.2) (0.5-2.1): (3.5-5.7): (0.2-1.5), the molar ratio of Ti/B is = 1/2, the purity of the aluminum ingot is 99.9%;

(2) Mix H ₃ BO ₃ and TiO ₂ evenly, heat at 200°C for two hours to remove the water, take it out every 20-40 minutes during the removal process, and stir the powder to dry it evenly and prevent it from agglomerating;

(3) Mix the heated TiO ₂ , H ₃ BO ₃ , aluminum powder, and titanium powder evenly, place the evenly mixed powder in a mold, and press it into a block;

(4) Use a well-type resistance furnace to heat the aluminum ingot to 900-1050°C. When the aluminum ingot is completely melted, press the graphite bell jar into the block in step (3). After the reaction is cremated, take out the bell jar for melt self-propagation. Direct reaction, the reaction time is 5-8min; after the reaction is completed, press in C ₂ Cl ₆ for refining, stir, let stand for 5-20 minutes, remove the slag, repeat the process of stirring, standing and removing the slag 1-2 times, and the resulting melt The body is poured into a steel mold that has been preheated to 250°C between 750-900°C to obtain a large volume fraction of Al-TiB ₂ pure phase master alloy, that is, TiB ₂ /Al composite material.

The above method adopts the direct synthesis method of melt self-propagation, and uses TiO ₂ and H ₃ BO ₃ , which are widely available and low-cost raw materials, to develop a pure phase Al-TiB ₂ master alloy with an environmentally friendly, clean preparation process and high particle content. It solves the problems of difficult preparation, high preparation cost and _TiAl residue by traditional methods. The _TiB particles in the master alloy are small in size, uniformly distributed, high in particle content or large volume fraction, and the volume fraction can reach 25%, generally up to 50 %; the obtained master alloy is a pure phase, with only α-Al and TiB ₂ .

In other embodiments of the present application, the above-mentioned aluminum alloy additive is used as a smelting additive for aluminum-silicon-magnesium alloy. The aluminum alloy additive of this embodiment has a good refining effect and simple operation steps. It is added directly during the smelting process of the aluminum-silicon-magnesium alloy, without controlling the addition temperature, and the addition conditions are mild.

In some embodiments, the aluminum silicon magnesium alloy is Al7SiMg aluminum alloy. The as-cast structure of the unrefined and modified Al7SiMg aluminum alloy is coarse flake or needle-like eutectic silicon and α-Al dendrite structures, with low mechanical properties. In addition, the main impurity in Al7SiMg alloy is Fe. Excessive Fe content will affect the mechanical properties of Al7SiMg aluminum alloy castings.

During the smelting process of Al7SiMg (ZL101A) aluminum alloy, aluminum alloy additives are added to the molten alloy melt and cast into single-cast test bars for performance testing. The test results are as follows:

Referring to Figures 3 and 4, the as-cast metallographic diagram of Al7SiMg (ZL101A) aluminum alloy after adding aluminum alloy additives is shown. As can be seen from Figure 3, the secondary dendrite arm spacing is 20 μm-25 μm, indicating that after adding aluminum alloy additives, the Al7SiMg aluminum The secondary dendrite arm spacing of the alloy is significantly refined, and the refined structure is uniform, which significantly improves the as-cast structure of the Al7SiMg aluminum alloy. It can be seen from Figure 4 that TiB ₂ particles are evenly distributed within the crystal, effectively refining the structure. No needle-like or flaky β-Fe phase was found in the matrix, indicating that the addition of aluminum alloy additives can greatly reduce the number and size of the β-Fe phase, or even make the β-Fe phase completely disappear, and the effect is significant. Combining Figure 3 and Figure 4, it can be seen that the TiB ₂ additive in aluminum alloy makes the total The shape of crystalline silicon changes from coarse flakes or needles to fine spheres or rods, and at the same time the α-Al grains are refined; the Mn element in the aluminum alloy additive improves the morphology of the Fe phase impurities in Al7SiMg that affect the mechanical properties, eliminating The harmful effects of impurity Fe. The tensile strength and yield strength of Al7SiMg aluminum alloy are greatly improved, and the elongation is also increased. By adding aluminum alloy additives, the performance of Al7SiMg alloy is improved and its application range is expanded.

Correspondingly, other embodiments of the present application also provide an aluminum-silicon-magnesium alloy, which contains the aluminum alloy additive as described in the above embodiment and the Al7SiMg aluminum alloy, and the mass percentage of the aluminum alloy additive is 1%-2%. In some embodiments, when the mass percentage of the aluminum alloy additive is 1 wt%, the obtained aluminum-silicon-magnesium alloy material has good strength and toughness matching. In other embodiments, when the content of the aluminum alloy additive is 2% (guaranteing that the Mn content is 0.16% and TiB ₂ is 0.2%), the tensile strength and yield strength of the obtained aluminum-silicon-magnesium alloy material are greatly improved. But the elongation is slightly lower.

In order to make the above implementation details and operations of the present invention clearly understood by those skilled in the art, and to significantly reflect the improved performance of the aluminum alloy additives in the embodiments of the present invention, the above technical solutions are illustrated below through multiple application examples.

Application example 1

An aluminum alloy additive is provided, the composition of which includes, in terms of mass percentage: TiB ₂ 10%, Mn 15%, impurities ≤ 1%, and the rest is Al.

The above-mentioned aluminum alloy additive is used as a melting additive for Al7SiMg (ZL101A) aluminum alloy, and the mass ratio of the aluminum alloy additive is 1%.

The alloy composition of Al7SiMg (ZL101A) aluminum alloy includes, in terms of mass percentage: Si7.0%, Mg0.275%, Ti0.15%, Fe<0.2%, and the rest is Al.

The mechanical properties results of Al7SiMg (ZL101A) aluminum alloy after gravity casting T6 heat treatment are shown in Table 1 below.

Application example 2

An aluminum alloy additive is provided, the composition of which includes, in terms of mass percentage: TiB ₂ 14.9%, Mn 14.5%, impurities ≤ 1%, and the rest is Al.

The above-mentioned aluminum alloy additive is used as a melting additive for Al7SiMg (ZL101A) aluminum alloy, and the mass ratio of the aluminum alloy additive is 1%.

The alloy composition of Al ₇ SiMg (ZL101A) aluminum alloy includes, in terms of mass percentage: Si7.0%, Mg0.275%, Ti 0.15%, Fe<0.2%, and the rest is Al.

The mechanical properties results of Al ₇ SiMg (ZL101A) aluminum alloy after gravity casting T6 heat treatment are shown in Table 1 below.

Application example 3

An aluminum alloy additive is provided, the composition of which includes, in terms of mass percentage: TiB ₂ 20%, Mn 16.25%, impurities ≤ 1%, and the rest is Al.

The above-mentioned aluminum alloy additive is used as a melting additive for Al ₇ SiMg (ZL101A) aluminum alloy, and the mass ratio of the aluminum alloy additive is 1.7%.

The alloy composition of Al ₇ SiMg (ZL101A) aluminum alloy includes, in terms of mass percentage: Si7.0%, Mg0.275%, Ti 0.15%, Fe<0.2%, and the rest is Al.

The mechanical properties results of Al ₇ SiMg (ZL101A) aluminum alloy after gravity casting T6 heat treatment are shown in Table 1 below.

Application example 4

An aluminum alloy additive is provided, the composition of which includes, in terms of mass percentage: TiB ₂ 20%, Mn 16%, impurities ≤ 1%, and the rest is Al.

The above-mentioned aluminum alloy additive is used as a melting additive for Al ₇ SiMg (ZL101A) aluminum alloy, and the mass ratio of the aluminum alloy additive is 2%.

The alloy composition of Al ₇ SiMg (ZL101A) aluminum alloy includes, in terms of mass percentage: Si7.0%, Mg0.275%, Ti 0.15%, Fe<0.2%, and the rest is Al.

The mechanical properties results of Al ₇ SiMg (ZL101A) aluminum alloy after gravity casting T6 heat treatment are shown in Table 1 below.

Application example 5

An aluminum alloy additive is provided, the composition of which includes, in terms of mass percentage: TiB ₂ 11%, Mn 17.6%, impurities ≤ 1%, and the rest is Al.

The above-mentioned aluminum alloy additive is used as a melting additive for Al ₇ SiMg (ZL101A) aluminum alloy, and the mass ratio of the aluminum alloy additive is 1%.

The alloy composition of Al ₇ SiMg (ZL101A) aluminum alloy includes, in terms of mass percentage: Si7.0%, Mg0.275%, Ti 0.15%, Fe<0.2%, and the rest is Al.

The mechanical properties results of Al ₇ SiMg (ZL101A) aluminum alloy after gravity casting T6 heat treatment are shown in Table 1 below.

Application example 6

An aluminum alloy additive is provided, the composition of which includes, in terms of mass percentage: TiB ₂ 12%, Mn 19.2%, impurities ≤ 1%, and the rest is Al.

The above-mentioned aluminum alloy additive is used as a melting additive for Al ₇ SiMg (ZL101A) aluminum alloy, and the mass ratio of the aluminum alloy additive is 1%.

The alloy composition of Al ₇ SiMg (ZL101A) aluminum alloy includes, in terms of mass percentage: Si7.0%, Mg0.275%, Ti 0.15%, Fe<0.2%, and the rest is Al.

The mechanical properties results of Al7SiMg (ZL101A) aluminum alloy after gravity casting T6 heat treatment are shown in Table 1 below.

Table 1 below is a comparison table of the mechanical properties of Al ₇ SiMg (ZL101A) aluminum alloy after adding aluminum alloy additives and ZL101A aluminum alloy (national standard) after gravity casting T6 heat treatment.

Table 1

Application example 7

An aluminum alloy additive is provided, the composition of which includes, in terms of mass percentage: TiB ₂ 10%, Mn 16%, impurities ≤ 1%, and the rest is Al. The above-mentioned aluminum alloy additive is used as a melting additive for Al ₇ SiMg (ZL114A) aluminum alloy, and the mass percentage of the aluminum alloy additive is 1%.

The alloy composition of Al ₇ SiMg (ZL114A) aluminum alloy includes: in terms of mass percentage, Si7.0%, Mg0.55%, Ti 0.15%, impurities ≤0.75, and the rest is Al.

The mechanical properties results of Al ₇ SiMg (ZL114A) aluminum alloy after gravity casting T6 heat treatment are shown in Table 2 below.

Application example 8

An aluminum alloy additive is provided, the composition of which includes, in terms of mass percentage: TiB ₂ 11%, Mn 17.6%, impurities ≤ 1%, and the rest is Al. The above-mentioned aluminum alloy additive is used as a melting additive for Al ₇ SiMg (ZL114A) aluminum alloy, and the mass percentage of the aluminum alloy additive is 1.8%.

The alloy composition of Al ₇ SiMg (ZL114A) aluminum alloy includes: in terms of mass percentage, Si7.0%, Mg0.55%, Ti0.15%, impurities ≤0.75, and the rest is Al.

The mechanical properties results of Al ₇ SiMg aluminum alloy after gravity casting T6 heat treatment are shown in Table 2 below.

Application example 9

An aluminum alloy additive is provided, the composition of which includes, in terms of mass percentage: TiB ₂ 11%, Mn 17.6%, impurities ≤ 1%, and the rest is Al. The above-mentioned aluminum alloy additive is used as a melting additive for Al ₇ SiMg (ZL114A) aluminum alloy, and the mass percentage of the aluminum alloy additive is 1.8%.

The alloy composition of Al ₇ SiMg (ZL114A) aluminum alloy includes: in terms of mass percentage, Si7.0%, Mg0.55%, Ti 0.15%, impurities ≤0.75, and the rest is Al.

The mechanical properties results of Al ₇ SiMg aluminum alloy after gravity casting T6 heat treatment are shown in Table 2 below.

Application example 10

An aluminum alloy additive is provided, the composition of which includes, in terms of mass percentage: TiB ₂ 10.5%, Mn 16.8%, impurities ≤ 1%, and the rest is Al. The above-mentioned aluminum alloy additive is used as a melting additive for Al ₇ SiMg (ZL114A) aluminum alloy, and the mass percentage of the aluminum alloy additive is 1.2%.

The alloy composition of Al ₇ SiMg (ZL114A) aluminum alloy includes: in terms of mass percentage, Si7.0%, Mg0.55%, Ti 0.15%, impurities ≤0.75, and the rest is Al.

The mechanical properties results of Al ₇ SiMg aluminum alloy after gravity casting T6 heat treatment are shown in Table 2 below.

Application example 11

An aluminum alloy additive is provided, the composition of which includes, in terms of mass percentage: TiB ₂ 10%, Mn 16%, impurities ≤ 1%, and the rest is Al. The above-mentioned aluminum alloy additive is used as a melting additive for Al ₇ SiMg (ZL114A) aluminum alloy, and the mass percentage of the aluminum alloy additive is 1.1%.

The alloy composition of Al ₇ SiMg (ZL114A) aluminum alloy includes: in terms of mass percentage, Si7.0%, Mg0.55%, Ti 0.15%, impurities ≤0.75, and the rest is Al.

The mechanical properties results of Al ₇ SiMg aluminum alloy after gravity casting T6 heat treatment are shown in Table 2 below.

Application example 12

An aluminum alloy additive is provided, the composition of which includes, in terms of mass percentage: TiB ₂ 12%, Mn 19.2%, impurities ≤ 1%, and the rest is Al. The above-mentioned aluminum alloy additive is used as a melting additive for Al ₇ SiMg (ZL114A) aluminum alloy, and the mass percentage of the aluminum alloy additive is 1%.

The alloy composition of Al ₇ SiMg (ZL114A) aluminum alloy includes: in terms of mass percentage, Si7.0%, Mg0.55%, Ti 0.15%, impurities ≤0.75, and the rest is Al.

The mechanical properties results of Al ₇ SiMg aluminum alloy after gravity casting T6 heat treatment are shown in Table 2 below.

Application example 13

An aluminum alloy additive is provided, the composition of which includes, in terms of mass percentage: TiB ₂ 20%, Mn 16%, impurities ≤ 1%, and the rest is Al. The above-mentioned aluminum alloy additive is used as a smelting additive for Al ₇ SiMg (ZL114A) aluminum alloy, and the mass percentage of the aluminum alloy additive is 1.9%.

The alloy composition of Al ₇ SiMg (ZL114A) aluminum alloy includes: in terms of mass percentage, Si7.0%, Mg0.55%, Ti 0.15%, impurities ≤0.75, and the rest is Al.

The mechanical properties results of Al7SiMg aluminum alloy after gravity casting T6 heat treatment are shown in Table 2 below.

Application example 14

An aluminum alloy additive is provided, the composition of which includes, in terms of mass percentage: TiB ₂ 11.5%, Mn 18.4%, impurities ≤ 1%, and the rest is Al. Take the above aluminum alloy additives as Al7SiMg (ZL114A) aluminum alloy smelting additive, the mass percentage of aluminum alloy additive is 1.8%.

The alloy composition of Al7SiMg (ZL114A) aluminum alloy includes: in terms of mass percentage, Si: 7.0%, Mg0.55%, Ti 0.15%, impurities ≤0.75, and the rest is Al.

The mechanical properties results of Al7SiMg aluminum alloy after gravity casting T6 heat treatment are shown in Table 2 below.

Application example 15

An aluminum alloy additive is provided, the composition of which includes, in terms of mass percentage: TiB ₂ 11.5%, Mn 18.4%, impurities ≤ 1%, and the rest is Al. The above-mentioned aluminum alloy additive is used as a smelting additive for Al7SiMg (ZL114A) aluminum alloy, and the mass percentage of the aluminum alloy additive is 1.2%.

The alloy composition of Al7SiMg (ZL114A) aluminum alloy includes: in terms of mass percentage, Si7.0%, Mg0.55%, Ti 0.15%, impurities ≤0.75, and the rest is Al.

The mechanical properties results of Al ₇ SiMg aluminum alloy after gravity casting T6 heat treatment are shown in Table 2 below.

Table 2 below is a comparison table of the mechanical properties of Al ₇ SiMg (ZL114A) aluminum alloy after adding aluminum alloy additives and ZL114A (QJ3185-2003) Grade 1 after gravity casting T6 heat treatment.

Table 2

Application example 16

An aluminum alloy additive is provided, the composition of which includes, in terms of mass percentage: TiB ₂ 5%, Mn 20%, impurities ≤ 1%, and the rest is Al. The above-mentioned aluminum alloy additives are used as smelting additives for ZL205A aluminum alloy, and the mass percentage of the aluminum alloy additives is 1.1%.

The alloy composition of ZL205A aluminum alloy includes: Cu4.6%, Mn0.3%, Ti0.25%, Cd0.15%, V0.15%, Zr0.1%, B0.007% in terms of mass percentage. The rest is Al.

The mechanical properties results of ZL205A aluminum alloy after gravity casting T6 heat treatment are shown in Table 3 below.

Application example 17

An aluminum alloy additive is provided, the composition of which includes, in terms of mass percentage: TiB ₂ 5%, Mn 17.5%, impurities ≤ 1%, and the rest is Al. The above-mentioned aluminum alloy additives are used as smelting additives for ZL205A aluminum alloy, and the mass percentage of the aluminum alloy additives is 1.3%.

The alloy composition of ZL205A aluminum alloy includes: Cu4.6%, Mn0.3%, Ti0.25%, Cd0.15%, V 0.15%, Zr0.1%, B0.007%, and the rest For Al.

The mechanical properties results of ZL205A aluminum alloy after gravity casting T6 heat treatment are shown in Table 3 below.

Application example 18

An aluminum alloy additive is provided, the composition of which includes, in terms of mass percentage: TiB ₂ 5%, Mn 18.5%, impurities ≤ 1%, and the rest is Al. The above-mentioned aluminum alloy additives are used as smelting additives for ZL205A aluminum alloy, and the mass percentage of the aluminum alloy additives is 1.3%.

The alloy composition of ZL205A aluminum alloy includes: Cu4.6%, Mn0.3%, Ti0.25%, Cd0.15%, V 0.15%, Zr0.1%, B0.007%, and the rest For Al.

The mechanical properties results of ZL205A aluminum alloy after gravity casting T6 heat treatment are shown in Table 3 below.

Application example 19

An aluminum alloy additive is provided, the composition of which includes, in terms of mass percentage: TiB ₂ 5%, Mn 19.55%, impurities ≤ 1%, and the rest is Al. The above-mentioned aluminum alloy additives are used as smelting additives for ZL205A aluminum alloy, and the mass percentage of the aluminum alloy additives is 1.2%.

The alloy composition of ZL205A aluminum alloy includes: Cu4.6%, Mn0.3%, Ti0.25%, Cd0.15%, V 0.15%, Zr0.1%, B0.007%, and the rest for Al.

The mechanical properties results of ZL205A aluminum alloy after gravity casting T6 heat treatment are shown in Table 3 below.

Application example 20

An aluminum alloy additive is provided, the composition of which includes, in terms of mass percentage: TiB ₂ 5%, Mn 20%, impurities ≤ 1%, and the rest is Al. The above-mentioned aluminum alloy additives are used as smelting additives for ZL205A aluminum alloy, and the mass percentage of the aluminum alloy additives is 1.5%.

The alloy composition of ZL205A aluminum alloy includes: Cu4.6%, Mn0.3%, Ti0.25%, Cd0.15%, V 0.15%, Zr0.1%, B0.007%, and the rest For Al.

The mechanical properties results of ZL205A aluminum alloy after gravity casting T6 heat treatment are shown in Table 3 below.

Application example 21

An aluminum alloy additive is provided, the composition of which includes, in terms of mass percentage: TiB ₂ 5%, Mn 20%, impurities ≤ 1%, and the rest is Al. The above-mentioned aluminum alloy additives are used as smelting additives for ZL205A aluminum alloy, and the mass percentage of the aluminum alloy additives is 1%.

The alloy composition of ZL205A aluminum alloy includes: Cu4.6%, Mn0.3%, Ti0.25%, Cd0.15%, V 0.15%, Zr0.1%, B0.007%, and the rest For Al.

The mechanical properties results of ZL205A aluminum alloy after gravity casting T6 heat treatment are shown in Table 3 below.

Table 3 below is a comparison table of the mechanical properties of ZL205A aluminum alloy after adding aluminum alloy additives and ZL205A (QJ3185-2003) Grade 1 after gravity casting T6 heat treatment.

table 3

In summary, it can be seen that the Al ₇ SiMg (ZL101A, ZL114A) and ZL205A aluminum alloys after adding aluminum alloy additives show good microstructure and mechanical properties, and the tensile strength and yield strength are greatly improved, while the elongation remains above 5%. .

The present application has been introduced in detail above. Specific examples are used in this article to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present application. The description of the above embodiments is only used to help understand the method of the present application and its core ideas; at the same time, for this field, Ordinary technicians will have changes in the specific implementation and application scope based on the ideas of the present application. In summary, the content of this description should not be understood as a limitation of the present application.

Claims (13)

An aluminum alloy additive, characterized in that its ingredients include: TiB ₂ 5%-25%, Mn 14%-20%, impurities ≤1%, the rest is Al. The aluminum alloy additive according to claim 1, characterized in that the TiB ₂ is 5%-12%, and the mass ratio of the TiB ₂ to the Mn is 1: (1.4-1.6). The aluminum alloy additive according to claim 1, characterized in that the TiB ₂ is 20%-24%, and the mass ratio of the TiB ₂ to the Mn is (1.23-1.25):1. The aluminum alloy additive according to claim 1, characterized in that the TiB ₂ is 5%, and the mass ratio of the TiB ₂ to the Mn is 1: (3.5-4). A method for preparing aluminum alloy additives, characterized by comprising the following steps: Heat the TiB ₂ /Al composite material, pure Mn and pure Al until melted. After all the raw materials are dissolved, keep them warm and let stand to obtain an alloy melt; The alloy melt is sequentially subjected to impurity removal, refining and slag removal; The alloy melt after the slag removal treatment is sequentially stirred and cast to obtain an aluminum alloy additive with the following alloy composition. In terms of mass percentage, TiB ₂ 5%-25%, Mn 14%-20%, and impurities ≤ 1 %, the rest is Al. The method for preparing aluminum alloy additives according to claim 5, characterized in that the mass percentage of TiB ₂ in the TiB ₂ /Al composite material is 20%-30%. The method for preparing aluminum alloy additives according to claim 5, wherein the particle size diameter of the TiB ₂ /Al composite material is 100 nm-2.0 μm. The method for preparing aluminum alloy additives according to claim 5, characterized in that the heating temperature is 900°C-1100°C. The method for preparing aluminum alloy additives according to claim 5, further comprising: before the heating: drying the TiB ₂ /Al composite material, pure Mn and pure Al. The method for preparing aluminum alloy additives according to claim 5, wherein the impurity removal includes: adding a slag agent to the alloy melt, and the components of the slag agent include: sodium chloride, chlorine Potassium chloride, sodium fluorosilicate and fluorite. The method for preparing aluminum alloy additives according to claim 5, characterized in that the refining includes: passing inert gas into the alloy melt after impurity removal, wherein the rotation speed is 300 rpm-700 rpm , the refining time is 18 minutes to 22 minutes. The application of the aluminum alloy additive as described in any one of claims 1 to 4 as a smelting additive for aluminum alloy, or the use of the aluminum alloy additive prepared by the preparation method as described in any one of claims 5 to 11 as a smelting additive for aluminum alloy. Application of additives. An aluminum alloy, characterized in that it contains the aluminum alloy additive according to any one of claims 1 to 4, and the mass percentage of the aluminum alloy additive is 1%-2%.