CN114684799B - Mining equipment and mining method for lunar helium 3 - Google Patents

Abstract

According to the mining equipment and the mining method for the lunar helium 3, provided by the invention, the ore rich in helium 3 mined in the moon is heated and degassed by the degassing unit, and the separated gas enters the low-temperature condensation separation unit; the separated gas enters a condensing chamber through the inlet to condense impurity gas mainly comprising hydrogen, the impurity gas is discharged from a first liquid discharge pump through a first capillary, and the obtained mixed gas of helium 3 and helium 4 enters a liquid inlet through the gas outlet; the mixed gas enters the separation chamber from the liquid inlet, the mixed gas is precooled to liquid in the separation chamber to form a liquid mixture, the adiabatic demagnetizing refrigerator cools the liquid mixture to be lower than 2.1K, and then the superfluid helium 4 is discharged by the liquid discharge pump through the second capillary tube to obtain liquid helium 3 with higher purity, the liquid helium 3 enters the storage and transportation unit from the liquid outlet for storage, and the exploitation equipment and the exploitation method can be used for carrying out exploitation equipment on the lunar helium 3 so as to meet the requirement of industry on the helium 3.

Description

A kind of mining equipment and mining method for lunar helium 3

Technical field

The present invention relates to the technical field of helium 3 gas purification, and in particular to a mining equipment for lunar helium 3.

Background technique

Helium 3 is one of the two stable isotopes of helium in nature. Its inventory is very small. The abundance of helium 3 on the earth is only 0.000137%. The uses of helium 3 mainly include clean nuclear fusion raw materials, ultra-low temperature refrigeration fluid or heat transfer medium, particle detection and other fields. The helium 3 currently used mainly comes from the decay of tritium in the nuclear industry, and the output is extremely limited and far from meeting demand.

The moon is rich in helium-3 resources. Its reserves are estimated to be 1 million tons, which can be used by all mankind for 10,000 years at the current energy consumption level. Therefore, helium 3 purification and storage and transportation equipment that is efficient, compact, convenient, low-cost, and can operate in the lunar environment is the key to developing lunar resources and ensuring the sustainable development of the earth.

The helium 3 purification method currently used on the ground often uses adsorption beds (CN106800281B, CN106629640B) for separation since the impurities contained are mainly oxygen, nitrogen, water and hydrogen. That is, the impurity gases are adsorbed by passing through a series of adsorption beds in sequence. . This method requires more adsorbent materials, and the adsorbent needs to be replaced or regenerated. Transporting these adsorbents to the moon would require huge costs and the feasibility would be almost zero.

Contents of the invention

In view of this, it is necessary to provide a device that can mine helium 3 on the moon to meet the industrial demand for helium 3.

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

The invention provides a mining equipment for lunar helium 3, which includes a degassing unit, a low-temperature condensation separation unit, a superfluid helium separation unit and a storage and transportation unit; the low-temperature condensation separation unit includes a condensation chamber and is arranged in the condensation chamber. The air inlets and air outlets at both ends of the chamber, the cold head provided on the side of the condensation chamber, the first capillary tube passing through the cold head and communicating with the condensation chamber, and the first row of capillary tubes provided on the capillary tube Liquid pump; the superfluid helium separation unit includes a separation chamber, a liquid inlet and a liquid outlet provided at both ends of the separation chamber, an adiabatic demagnetization refrigerator cold head provided on the side of the separation chamber, and the The ultrafine capillary pore connected to the cold head of the adiabatic demagnetization refrigerator, the second capillary tube connected to the ultrafine capillary pore, and the second liquid discharge pump provided on the second capillary tube; wherein:

The degassing unit performs heating and degassing on helium-3-rich ores mined from the moon, and the degassed gas enters the low-temperature condensation separation unit;

The detached gas enters the condensation chamber through the inlet, so that the impurity gas, mainly hydrogen, is condensed, and is discharged from the first drain pump through the first capillary tube to obtain helium 3 and helium 4. Mixed gas, the mixed gas enters the liquid inlet from the gas outlet;

The mixed gas enters the separation chamber from the liquid inlet, and the mixed gas is precooled to a liquid state in the separation chamber to form a liquid mixture. The adiabatic demagnetization refrigerator cools the liquid mixture to less than 2.1K, The superfluid helium 4 is then discharged from the liquid drainage pump through the ultrafine capillary pores and the second capillary tube to obtain liquid helium 3 with higher purity. The liquid helium 3 enters the liquid outlet through the liquid outlet. Storage and transportation unit preservation.

In some of these embodiments, the heat source for heated degassing comes from solar energy.

In some embodiments, the low-temperature condensation separation unit further includes a radiation heat exchanger. The separated gas is cooled by the radiation heat exchanger and then enters the condensation chamber through the inlet.

In some embodiments, the low-temperature condensation separation unit further includes a mechanical refrigerator. The mechanical refrigerator is disposed in the condensation chamber. The mechanical refrigerator can cool down the gas inside to remove impurities, mainly hydrogen. Gas condenses.

In some embodiments, the mechanical refrigerator is a Stirling refrigerator, a pulse tube refrigerator, or a throttling refrigerator.

In some embodiments, the superfluid helium separation unit further includes a mechanical refrigerator that pre-cools the mixed gas entering from the liquid inlet to a liquid state. The mechanical refrigerator is also connected to all The adiabatic demagnetization refrigerator is provided with pre-cooling for the adiabatic demagnetization refrigerator.

In some embodiments, the adiabatic demagnetization refrigerator includes a superconducting magnet, a magnetic refrigerant, a thermal switch, a heat sink, and a cold head. The thermal switch includes a component located between the magnetic refrigerant and the heat sink. The first thermal switch between the magnetic refrigerant and the second thermal switch between the magnetic refrigerant and the cold head; wherein:

The superconducting magnet is used to provide a controllable magnetic field;

The magnetic refrigeration working medium is the source of cooling capacity of the system. When a magnetic field is applied to it, it releases heat to the outside world; when the magnetic field is removed, it absorbs heat from the outside world, thereby cooling down;

The heat sink is used to absorb high-temperature heat released during magnetization;

The first thermal switch is conductive during magnetization and is cut off during demagnetization; the second thermal switch is conductive during demagnetization and is cut off during magnetization;

The cold head is used to transfer cold energy.

In some embodiments, the storage and transportation unit can keep the liquid helium 3 below 3.32K so that it is always in a liquid state.

In addition, the present invention also provides a mining method for the lunar helium 3 mining equipment, which includes the following steps:

The degassing unit performs heating and degassing on helium-3-rich ores mined from the moon, and the degassed gas enters the low-temperature condensation separation unit;

The detached gas enters the condensation chamber through the inlet, so that the impurity gas, mainly hydrogen, is condensed, and is discharged from the first drain pump through the first capillary tube to obtain helium 3 and helium 4. Mixed gas, the mixed gas enters the liquid inlet from the gas outlet;

The mixed gas enters the separation chamber from the liquid inlet, and the mixed gas is precooled to a liquid state in the separation chamber to form a liquid mixture. The adiabatic demagnetization refrigerator cools the liquid mixture to less than 2.1K, The superfluid helium 4 is then discharged by the liquid drainage pump through the ultrafine capillary pores and the second capillary tube to obtain liquid helium 3 with higher purity. The liquid helium 3 enters through the liquid outlet. The storage and transportation unit is saved. Using the above technical solution, the technical effects achieved by the present invention are as follows:

In the mining equipment and method for lunar helium 3 provided by the present invention, the degassing unit performs heating and degassing on the helium 3-rich ore mined from the moon, and the separated gas enters the low-temperature condensation separation unit; The detached gas enters the condensation chamber through the inlet, so that the impurity gas, mainly hydrogen, is condensed, and is discharged from the first drain pump through the first capillary tube to obtain helium 3 and helium 4. Mixed gas, the mixed gas enters the liquid inlet from the gas outlet; the mixed gas enters the separation chamber from the liquid inlet, and the mixed gas is precooled to a liquid state in the separation chamber to form a liquid mixture, The adiabatic demagnetization refrigerator cools the liquid mixture to less than 2.1K, and then discharges the superfluid helium 4 from the drainage pump through the second capillary tube to obtain liquid helium 3 with higher purity. The liquid helium 3 enters the storage and transportation unit from the liquid outlet for storage. The mining equipment for lunar helium 3 provided by the present invention separates helium and other impurities through a low-temperature condensation separation unit, which can avoid the use of a large amount of adsorption agent, thereby greatly reducing the cost of purifying helium on the moon; using capillary tubes to separate helium gas and liquid impurities, helium 3 and helium 4, which can eliminate the dependence on gravity and ensure that the system can operate under gravity-free conditions; use adiabatic demagnetization The refrigeration machine provides a temperature below 2.1K. Compared with other refrigeration methods in this temperature zone (dilution refrigeration, adsorption refrigeration, J-T throttling), it has the advantages of compactness, high efficiency, and does not rely on gravity operation; it uses low temperature and normal pressure to store and transport liquid helium 3 Compared with gaseous or high-pressure liquid storage and transportation methods, it has the advantages of small size, high safety, and less air leakage.

Description of the drawings

In order to explain the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention more clearly, the drawings needed to be used in describing the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only illustrative of the present invention. For some embodiments, for those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without exerting creative efforts.

Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a low-temperature condensation separation unit provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a superfluid helium separation unit provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the principle of the mining equipment for lunar helium 3 provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

Figure 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an ultra-low temperature adiabatic demagnetization refrigerator provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed ways

Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements with the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are exemplary and are intended to explain the present invention and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.

In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "level", "inner", "outer", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. , is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, but does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be construed as a limitation of the present invention.

In addition, the terms “first” and “second” are used for descriptive purposes only and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the quantity of indicated technical features. Therefore, features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of these features. In the description of the present invention, "plurality" means two or more than two, unless otherwise explicitly and specifically limited.

In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clear, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

An embodiment of the present invention provides mining equipment for lunar helium 3, including a degassing unit, a low-temperature condensation separation unit 110, a superfluid helium separation unit 120, and a storage and transportation unit. The connection relationship between each component is explained in detail below.

The degassing unit heats and degasses the helium-3-rich ores mined from the moon, and the degassed gas enters the low-temperature condensation separation unit 110 .

It can be understood that the vacuum of the moon itself and the high daytime environment (the moon's daytime temperature is about 400K) are used to heat and degas the mined helium-3-rich ore. The heating source can come from solar energy.

Please refer to Figure 1, which is a schematic structural diagram of the low-temperature condensation separation unit 110 provided by an embodiment of the present invention, including a condensation chamber 111, an air inlet 112 and an air outlet 113 provided at both ends of the condensation chamber 111. The cold head 114 on the side of the condensation chamber 111, the first capillary tube 115 passing through the cold head 114 and communicating with the condensation chamber 111, and the first drain pump 116 provided on the first capillary tube 115.

Please refer to Figure 2, which is a schematic structural diagram of the superfluid helium separation unit 120 provided by an embodiment of the present invention, including a separation chamber 121, a liquid inlet 122 and a liquid outlet 123 provided at both ends of the separation chamber 121. The adiabatic demagnetization refrigerator cold head 124 on the side of the separation chamber 121, the ultrafine capillary hole 125 and the second capillary tube 126 connected to the adiabatic demagnetization refrigerator cold head 124 are arranged on the second capillary tube. The second discharge pump 127 on 125.

Please refer to Figure 3, which is a schematic diagram of the principle of the mining equipment for lunar helium 3 provided by an embodiment of the present invention. Its working method is as follows:

First, the degassing unit heats and degasses the helium-3-rich ore mined from the moon, and the degassed gas enters the low-temperature condensation separation unit 110 .

It can be understood that helium is the substance with the lowest boiling point. At 100kPa, the boiling point of helium 4 is 4.21K (Kelvin temperature), helium 3 is 3.19K, and hydrogen is 20K. In the vacuum environment of the moon, helium 3 is adsorbed in the titanium ore in the form of gas. When mining and enriching helium 3, the mined ore rich in helium 3 is heated and degassed, and the degassed gas enters the low-temperature condensation separation unit 120.

Furthermore, by utilizing the moon's own vacuum and daytime high-temperature environment (the moon's daytime temperature is about 400K), the heating source can come from solar energy.

Then, the detached gas enters the condensation chamber 111 through the inlet 112 to condense the impurity gas, mainly hydrogen, and is discharged from the first drain pump 116 through the first capillary 115 to obtain A mixed gas of helium 3 and helium 4 enters the liquid inlet 122 from the gas outlet 113 .

In some embodiments, the low-temperature condensation separation unit 110 further includes a radiation heat exchanger (not shown). The separated gas is cooled by the radiation heat exchanger and then enters the condensation chamber through the inlet. .

It can be understood that using the low temperature of the lunar night (the temperature of the lunar night is about 100K) and the background temperature of the universe, the mixed gas is cooled through the radiation heat exchanger to effectively utilize energy.

In some embodiments, the low-temperature condensation separation unit 110 further includes a mechanical refrigerator. The mechanical refrigerator is disposed in the condensation chamber. The mechanical refrigerator can cool down the gas inside, so that hydrogen-based gas can be cooled. Impurity gases condense.

In some embodiments, the mechanical refrigerator is a Stirling refrigerator, a pulse tube refrigerator, or a throttling refrigerator.

It can be understood that through the combination of radiant heat exchanger refrigeration and mechanical refrigeration, a cooling capacity lower than 33.2K can be provided to perform low-temperature condensation and separation of the mixed gas.

It can be understood that by separating helium and other impurities through the above-mentioned low-temperature condensation unit 110, the use of a large amount of adsorbent can be avoided, thereby greatly reducing the cost of purifying helium on the moon.

Thirdly, the mixed gas enters the separation chamber 121 through the liquid inlet 122. The mixed gas is pre-cooled to a liquid state in the separation chamber 121 to form a liquid mixture. The adiabatic demagnetization refrigerator 124 cools the liquid mixture. to less than 2.1K, and then discharge the superfluid helium 4 from the liquid discharge pump through the ultrafine capillary pore 125 and the second capillary 126 to obtain liquid helium 3 with higher purity. The liquid helium 3 is obtained by The liquid outlet 123 enters the storage and transportation unit for storage.

In some embodiments, the superfluid helium separation unit 120 further includes a mechanical refrigerator (not shown), which pre-cools the mixed gas entering from the liquid inlet 122 to a liquid state, so that The mechanical refrigerator is also connected to the adiabatic demagnetization refrigerator 124 and provides pre-cooling for the adiabatic demagnetization refrigerator 124 .

It can be understood that the mechanical refrigerator precools the helium mixed gas to a liquid state (refrigeration temperature is about 4K), and provides precooling 124 for the adiabatic demagnetization refrigerator. The liquid mixture is cooled to less than 2.1K through an adiabatic demagnetization refrigerator. Compared with other refrigeration methods in this temperature zone (dilution refrigeration, adsorption refrigeration, J-T throttling), it has the advantages of compactness, high efficiency, and non-gravity operation.

It can be understood that since helium 4 becomes superfluid when it is lower than 2.1K and can pass through extremely fine pores, while helium 3 is in a normal state above 2.5mK and cannot pass through extremely fine pores. Therefore, the design of the present invention Ultra-fine capillary tubes separate superfluid helium 4, which can separate helium 4 in a gravity-free environment; the present invention uses capillary tubes or other capillary equipment to separate liquid impurities and helium, helium 3 and helium respectively in a gravity-free environment. 4 separation can eliminate the dependence on gravity and ensure that the system can operate under gravity-free conditions.

Please refer to Figure 4, which is a schematic structural diagram of the adiabatic degaussing refrigerator provided by an embodiment of the present invention, including a superconducting magnet 131, a magnetic refrigerant 132, a superconducting magnet 131, a thermal switch 133, a heat sink 134 and a cold head 135. . The thermal switch 133 includes a first thermal switch located between the magnetic refrigerant and the heat sink and a second thermal switch located between the magnetic refrigerant and the cold head; wherein:

The superconducting magnet 131 is used to provide a controllable magnetic field; the magnetic refrigerant 132 is the cooling source of the system. When a magnetic field is applied to it, it releases heat to the outside world; when the magnetic field is removed, it absorbs heat from the outside world, and then Cooling and refrigeration; the heat sink 134 is used to absorb the high-temperature heat released during magnetization; the first thermal switch is in a conductive state during magnetization and is in a cut-off state during demagnetization; the second thermal switch is in a demagnetization state. The cold head 135 is in the conductive state and in the cut-off state during magnetization; the cold head 135 is used to transfer cold energy.

It can be understood that the use of adiabatic demagnetization refrigerators can provide temperatures below 2.1K. Compared with other refrigeration methods in this temperature zone (dilution refrigeration, adsorption refrigeration, J-T throttling), it has the advantages of compactness, high efficiency, and non-gravity operation.

In some embodiments, the storage and transportation unit can keep the liquid helium 3 below 3.32K so that it is always in a liquid state. This temperature can be provided by decompression evaporation of the liquid helium 4 or by a mechanical refrigerator.

It can be understood that the method of storing and transporting liquid helium 3 at low temperature and normal pressure has the advantages of small size, high safety and less leakage compared with the storage and transportation method of gaseous or high-pressure liquid. This method can be used at lower pressure ( Store and transport helium 3 at about 100kPa) to avoid safety risks and leakage problems caused by high-pressure vessels.

In addition, the present invention also provides a mining method for the lunar helium 3 mining equipment, which includes the following steps:

Step S110: The degassing unit performs heating and degassing on the helium-3-rich ore mined from the moon, and the degassed gas enters the low-temperature condensation separation unit;

Step S120: The detached gas enters the condensation chamber through the inlet to condense the impurity gas, mainly hydrogen, and is discharged from the first drain pump through the first capillary tube to obtain helium 3 and A mixed gas of helium 4, which enters the liquid inlet from the gas outlet;

Step S130: The mixed gas enters the separation chamber from the liquid inlet. The mixed gas is precooled to a liquid state in the separation chamber to form a liquid mixture. The adiabatic demagnetization refrigerator cools the liquid mixture to below 2.1K, and then the superfluid helium 4 is discharged by the drainage pump through the ultrafine capillary pores and the second capillary tube to obtain liquid helium 3 with higher purity, and the liquid helium 3 is discharged from the outlet The liquid port enters the storage and transportation unit for storage. For its detailed working methods, please refer to the description of the above-mentioned equipment and will not be repeated here.

In the mining equipment and method for lunar helium 3 provided by the present invention, the degassing unit performs heating and degassing on the helium 3-rich ore mined from the moon, and the separated gas enters the low-temperature condensation separation unit; The detached gas enters the condensation chamber through the inlet, so that the impurity gas, mainly hydrogen, is condensed, and is discharged from the first drain pump through the first capillary tube to obtain helium 3 and helium 4. Mixed gas, the mixed gas enters the liquid inlet from the gas outlet; the mixed gas enters the separation chamber from the liquid inlet, and the mixed gas is precooled to a liquid state in the separation chamber to form a liquid mixture, The adiabatic demagnetization refrigerator cools the liquid mixture to less than 2.1K, and then discharges the superfluid helium 4 from the drainage pump through the second capillary tube to obtain liquid helium 3 with higher purity. The liquid helium 3 enters the storage and transportation unit from the liquid outlet for storage. The mining equipment for lunar helium 3 provided by the present invention separates helium and other impurities through a low-temperature condensation separation unit, which can avoid the use of a large amount of adsorption agent, thereby greatly reducing the cost of purifying helium on the moon; using capillary tubes to separate helium gas and liquid impurities, helium 3 and helium 4, which can eliminate the dependence on gravity and ensure that the system can operate under gravity-free conditions; use adiabatic demagnetization The refrigeration machine provides a temperature below 2.1K. Compared with other refrigeration methods in this temperature zone (dilution refrigeration, adsorption refrigeration, J-T throttling), it has the advantages of compactness, high efficiency, and does not rely on gravity operation; it uses low temperature and normal pressure to store and transport liquid helium 3 Compared with gaseous or high-pressure liquid storage and transportation methods, it has the advantages of small size, high safety, and less air leakage.

The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and only describe the technical principles of the present invention in detail. These descriptions are only for explaining the principles of the present invention and cannot be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention in any way. Based on the explanation here, any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention, and those skilled in the art can think of other specific embodiments of the present invention without having to exert creative efforts, are all should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. A mining equipment for lunar helium 3, characterized in that it includes a degassing unit, a low-temperature condensation separation unit, a superfluid helium separation unit and a storage and transportation unit; the low-temperature condensation separation unit includes a condensation chamber, The air inlets and air outlets at both ends of the condensation chamber, the cold head provided on the side of the condensation chamber, the first capillary tube passing through the cold head and communicating with the condensation chamber, are provided on the first capillary tube The first liquid discharge pump; the superfluid helium separation unit includes a separation chamber, a liquid inlet and a liquid outlet provided at both ends of the separation chamber, and an adiabatic demagnetization refrigerator cold head provided on the side of the separation chamber , an ultrafine capillary pore connected to the cold head of the adiabatic degaussing refrigerator, a second capillary tube connected to the ultrafine capillary pore, and a second liquid discharge pump provided on the second capillary tube; wherein: The degassing unit performs heating and degassing on helium-3-rich ores mined from the moon, and the degassed gas enters the low-temperature condensation separation unit; The detached gas enters the condensation chamber through the inlet, so that the impurity gas, mainly hydrogen, is condensed, and is discharged from the first drain pump through the first capillary tube to obtain helium 3 and helium 4. Mixed gas, the mixed gas enters the liquid inlet from the gas outlet; The mixed gas enters the separation chamber from the liquid inlet, and the mixed gas is precooled to a liquid state in the separation chamber to form a liquid mixture. The adiabatic demagnetization refrigerator cools the liquid mixture to less than 2.1K, The superfluid helium 4 is then discharged by the liquid drainage pump through the ultrafine capillary pores and the second capillary tube to obtain liquid helium 3 with higher purity. The liquid helium 3 enters through the liquid outlet. The storage and transportation unit is saved. 2. The mining equipment for lunar helium 3 according to claim 1, characterized in that the heat source for heating and degassing comes from solar energy. 3. The mining equipment for lunar helium 3 according to claim 1, characterized in that the low-temperature condensation separation unit further includes a radiation heat exchanger, and the separated gas is cooled by the radiation heat exchanger and then passed through The inlet opens into the condensation chamber. 4. The mining equipment for lunar helium 3 according to claim 3, characterized in that the low-temperature condensation and separation unit further includes a mechanical refrigeration machine, the mechanical refrigeration machine is arranged in the condensation chamber, and the mechanical refrigeration unit The machine can cool down the gas inside and condense the impurity gases mainly hydrogen. 5. The mining equipment for lunar helium 3 according to claim 4, characterized in that the mechanical refrigerator is a Stirling refrigerator, a pulse tube refrigerator or a throttling refrigerator. 6. The mining equipment for lunar helium 3 according to claim 1, characterized in that the superfluid helium separation unit further includes a mechanical refrigerator, and the mechanical refrigerator enters the liquid from the liquid inlet. The mixed gas is pre-cooled to a liquid state, and the mechanical refrigerator is also connected to the adiabatic demagnetization refrigerator and provides pre-cooling for the adiabatic demagnetization refrigerator. 7. The mining equipment for lunar helium 3 according to claim 6, characterized in that the adiabatic demagnetization refrigerator includes a superconducting magnet, a magnetic refrigeration fluid, a heat sink, a thermal switch and a cold head. The thermal switch includes a first thermal switch located between the magnetic refrigerant and the heat sink and a second thermal switch located between the magnetic refrigerant and the cold head; wherein: The superconducting magnet is used to provide a controllable magnetic field; the magnetic refrigerant is the source of cold energy of the system. When a magnetic field is applied to it, it releases heat to the outside world; when the magnetic field is removed, it absorbs heat from the outside world, thereby cooling and cooling. ; The heat sink is used to absorb the high-temperature heat released during magnetization; the first thermal switch is in a conductive state during magnetization and is in a cut-off state during demagnetization; the second thermal switch is in a conductive state during demagnetization and is in a cut-off state when magnetized; the cold head is used to transfer cold energy. 8. The mining equipment for lunar helium 3 according to claim 7, characterized in that the storage and transportation unit can keep the liquid helium 3 below 3.32K so that it is always in a liquid state. 9. A mining method for lunar helium 3 mining equipment according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that it includes the following steps: The degassing unit performs heating and degassing on helium-3-rich ores mined from the moon, and the degassed gas enters the low-temperature condensation separation unit; The detached gas enters the condensation chamber through the inlet, so that the impurity gas, mainly hydrogen, is condensed, and is discharged from the first drain pump through the first capillary tube to obtain helium 3 and helium 4. Mixed gas, the mixed gas enters the liquid inlet from the gas outlet; The mixed gas enters the separation chamber from the liquid inlet, and the mixed gas is precooled to a liquid state in the separation chamber to form a liquid mixture. The adiabatic demagnetization refrigerator cools the liquid mixture to less than 2.1K, The superfluid helium 4 is then discharged by the liquid drainage pump through the ultrafine capillary pores and the second capillary tube to obtain liquid helium 3 with higher purity. The liquid helium 3 enters through the liquid outlet. The storage and transportation unit is saved.