CN114684799A - Equipment and method for exploiting lunar helium 3 - Google Patents

Abstract

According to the equipment and the method for exploiting the moon helium 3, the degassing unit is used for heating and degassing ores which are extracted from the moon and rich in the helium 3, and the separated gas enters the low-temperature condensation separation unit; the separated gas enters a condensation chamber through the inlet to condense the impurity gas mainly containing hydrogen, and the impurity gas is discharged by a first liquid discharge pump through a first capillary tube to obtain a mixed gas of helium 3 and helium 4, wherein the mixed gas enters a liquid inlet through a gas outlet; the mixed gas enters the separation chamber from the liquid inlet, the mixed gas is pre-cooled to be in a liquid state in the separation chamber to form a liquid mixture, the heat insulation demagnetization refrigerator cools the liquid mixture to be lower than 2.1K, then the liquid helium 4 in a super-flow state is discharged by the liquid discharge pump through the second capillary tube, the liquid helium 3 with high purity is obtained, the liquid helium 3 enters the storage and transportation unit from the liquid outlet for storage, and the extraction equipment and the extraction method can be used for extracting the lunar helium 3 so as to meet the industrial demand on the helium 3.

Description

A kind of mining equipment and mining method for lunar helium 3

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of helium 3 gas purification, in particular to a mining equipment for lunar helium 3.

Background technique

Helium 3 is one of the two stable isotopes of helium in nature, and the stock is very small. The abundance of helium 3 on earth is only 0.000137%. The uses of helium 3 mainly include clean nuclear fusion raw materials, extremely low temperature refrigerant or heat transfer medium, particle detection and other fields. The helium 3 currently used is mainly derived from the decay of tritium in the nuclear industry, and the output is extremely limited, which is far from meeting the demand.

The moon is rich in helium-3 resources, and its reserves are estimated to be 1 million tons, which can be used by all mankind for 10,000 years at the current energy level. Therefore, efficient, compact, convenient, low-cost helium 3 purification and storage and transportation equipment that can operate in the lunar environment is the key to developing lunar resources and ensuring the sustainable development of the earth.

The helium 3 purification method currently used on the ground, because the impurities contained are mainly oxygen, nitrogen, water and hydrogen, the adsorption bed (CN106800281B, CN106629640B) is often used for separation, that is, the impurity gas is adsorbed through a series of adsorption beds in turn. . This method requires more adsorbent material, and the adsorbent needs to be replaced or regenerated. Transporting these sorbents to the moon would be prohibitively expensive and practically impossible.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

In view of this, it is necessary to provide a lunar helium-3 mining equipment to meet the industrial demand for helium-3.

For solving the above problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

The invention provides a mining equipment for lunar helium 3, including a degassing unit, a low temperature condensation separation unit, a superfluid helium separation unit and a storage and transportation unit; the low temperature condensation separation unit includes a condensation chamber, which is arranged in the condensation chamber. The air inlet and air outlet at both ends of the chamber, the cold head arranged on the side of the condensation chamber, the first capillary passing through the cold head and communicating with the condensation chamber, the first row arranged on the capillary a liquid pump; the superfluid helium separation unit includes a separation chamber, a liquid inlet and a liquid outlet arranged at both ends of the separation chamber, a cold head of an adiabatic demagnetization refrigerator arranged at the side of the separation chamber, and the The extremely fine capillary hole connected to the cold head of the adiabatic demagnetization refrigerator, the second capillary tube connected with the extremely fine capillary hole, and the second liquid discharge pump arranged on the second capillary tube; wherein:

The degassing unit heats and degass the helium-rich ore mined in the moon, and the degassed gas enters the low-temperature condensation separation unit;

The detached gas enters the condensation chamber through the inlet port, condenses the impurity gas mainly composed of hydrogen, and is discharged by the first liquid discharge pump through the first capillary tube, and the obtained helium 3 and helium 4 mixed gas, the mixed gas enters the liquid inlet from the gas outlet;

The mixed gas enters the separation chamber through the liquid inlet, the mixed gas is pre-cooled to a liquid state in the separation chamber to form a liquid mixture, and the adiabatic demagnetization refrigerator cools the liquid mixture to less than 2.1K, Then, the superfluid helium 4 is discharged by the liquid discharge pump through the ultrafine capillary hole and the second capillary tube to obtain liquid helium 3 with higher purity, and the liquid helium 3 enters the liquid helium 3 through the liquid outlet. Storage unit storage.

In some of these embodiments, the heat source for heating the degassing is from solar energy.

In some of the embodiments, the low-temperature condensation separation unit further includes a radiation heat exchanger, and the desorbed gas is heated by the radiation heat exchanger and then enters the condensation chamber through the inlet port.

In some embodiments, the low-temperature condensation and separation unit further includes a mechanical refrigerator, the mechanical refrigerator is arranged in the condensation chamber, and the mechanical refrigerator can reduce the temperature of the internal gas, so that impurities mainly composed of hydrogen Gas condensed.

In some of these embodiments, the mechanical refrigerator is a Stirling refrigerator or a pulse tube refrigerator or a throttling refrigerator.

In some of these embodiments, the superfluid helium separation unit further includes a mechanical refrigerator, which pre-cools the mixed gas entering from the liquid inlet to a liquid state, and the mechanical refrigerator is further connected to the The adiabatic demagnetization refrigerator is provided and pre-cooling is provided for the adiabatic demagnetization refrigerator.

In some of the embodiments, the adiabatic demagnetization refrigerator includes a superconducting magnet, a magnetic refrigerant, a thermal switch, a heat sink and a cold head, and the thermal switch includes a magnetic refrigerant and a heat sink located between the magnetic refrigerant and the heat sink. a first thermal switch between and a second thermal switch between the magnetic refrigerant and the cold head; wherein:

The superconducting magnet is used to provide a controllable magnetic field;

The magnetic refrigeration working medium is the cold energy source of the system, when a magnetic field is applied to it, it releases heat to the outside; when the magnetic field is removed, it absorbs heat from the outside, and then cools down and refrigerates;

The heat sink is used for absorbing the high temperature heat released during magnetization;

The first thermal switch is turned on during magnetization and turned off during demagnetization; the second thermal switch is turned on during demagnetization and turned off during magnetization;

The cold head is used to transfer cold energy.

In some of these embodiments, the storage and transportation unit can keep the liquid helium 3 below 3.32K so that it is always in a liquid state.

In addition, the present invention also provides a kind of mining method for the mining equipment of lunar helium 3, comprising the following steps:

The degassing unit heats and degass the helium-rich ore mined in the moon, and the degassed gas enters the low-temperature condensation separation unit;

The detached gas enters the condensation chamber through the inlet port, condenses the impurity gas mainly composed of hydrogen, and is discharged by the first liquid discharge pump through the first capillary tube, and the obtained helium 3 and helium 4 mixed gas, the mixed gas enters the liquid inlet from the gas outlet;

The mixed gas enters the separation chamber through the liquid inlet, the mixed gas is pre-cooled to a liquid state in the separation chamber to form a liquid mixture, and the adiabatic demagnetization refrigerator cools the liquid mixture to less than 2.1K, Then, the superfluid helium 4 is discharged by the liquid discharge pump through the ultrafine capillary hole and the second capillary tube to obtain liquid helium 3 with higher purity, and the liquid helium 3 enters from the liquid outlet. The storage and transportation unit is stored. Adopt above-mentioned technical scheme, the technical effect that the present invention realizes is as follows:

In the mining equipment and method for helium 3 on the moon provided by the present invention, the degassing unit heats and degass the ore rich in helium 3 mined in the moon, and the degassed gas enters the low-temperature condensation and separation unit; The detached gas enters the condensation chamber through the inlet port, condenses the impurity gas mainly composed of hydrogen, and is discharged by the first liquid discharge pump through the first capillary tube, and the obtained helium 3 and helium 4 The mixed gas enters the liquid inlet from the gas outlet; the mixed gas enters the separation chamber from the liquid inlet, and the mixed gas is pre-cooled to a liquid state in the separation chamber to form a liquid mixture, The adiabatic demagnetization refrigerator cools the liquid mixture to less than 2.1K, and then the superfluid helium 4 is discharged by the discharge pump through the second capillary to obtain liquid helium 3 with higher purity, The liquid helium 3 is stored in the storage and transportation unit through the liquid outlet. The mining equipment for lunar helium 3 provided by the present invention can avoid using a large amount of adsorption by separating helium and other impurities through a cryogenic condensation separation unit. It can greatly reduce the cost of purifying helium on the moon; separate helium and liquid impurities, helium 3 and helium 4 with capillary tubes, which can eliminate the dependence on gravity and ensure that the system can operate under gravity-free conditions; use adiabatic demagnetization The refrigerator provides a temperature below 2.1K. Compared with other refrigeration methods in this temperature area (dilution refrigeration, adsorption refrigeration, J-T throttling), it has the advantages of compactness and high efficiency, and does not rely on gravity to operate; it adopts low temperature and atmospheric pressure for storage and transportation of liquid helium 3 Compared with gaseous or high-pressure liquid storage and transportation, it has the advantages of small volume, high safety, and not easy to leak.

Description of drawings

In order to explain the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention more clearly, the following briefly introduces the accompanying drawings that are used in the description of the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are only for the present invention. In some embodiments, for those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can also be obtained according to these drawings without any creative effort.

1 is a schematic structural diagram of a cryogenic condensation separation unit provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

2 is a schematic structural diagram of a superfluid helium separation unit provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is the principle schematic diagram of the mining equipment for lunar helium 3 provided by the embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an extremely low temperature adiabatic demagnetization refrigerator provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed ways

The following describes in detail the embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary, and are intended to explain the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings , is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the indicated device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention.

In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are only used for descriptive purposes, and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may expressly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present invention, "plurality" means two or more, unless otherwise expressly and specifically defined.

In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

The mining equipment for lunar helium 3 provided by an embodiment of the present invention includes a degassing unit, a cryogenic condensation separation unit 110, a superfluid helium separation unit 120, and a storage and transportation unit. The connection relationship between the various components will be described in detail below.

The degassing unit heats and degass the helium-3-rich ore mined in the moon, and the degassed gas enters the low-temperature condensation separation unit 110 .

It is understandable that the extracted helium-3-rich ore is heated and degassed by using the vacuum of the moon itself and the high temperature environment during the day (the temperature of the moon is about 400K during the day), and the heating heat source can come from solar energy.

Please refer to FIG. 1 , which is a schematic structural diagram of the low-temperature condensation separation unit 110 according to an embodiment of the present invention, including a condensation chamber 111 , an air inlet 112 and an air outlet 113 disposed at both ends of the condensation chamber 111 , The cold head 114 on the side of the condensation chamber 111 , the first capillary tube 115 passing through the cold head 114 and communicating with the condensation chamber 111 , and the first drain pump 116 disposed on the first capillary tube 115 .

Please refer to FIG. 2 , which is a schematic structural diagram of the superfluid helium separation unit 120 according to an embodiment of the present invention, including a separation chamber 121 , a liquid inlet 122 and a liquid outlet 123 disposed at both ends of the separation chamber 121 , The cold head 124 of the adiabatic demagnetization refrigerator on the side of the separation chamber 121, the ultrafine capillary hole 125 and the second capillary tube 126 connected to the cold head 124 of the adiabatic demagnetization refrigerator, and the second capillary tube Second drain pump 127 on 125.

Please refer to FIG. 3, which is a schematic diagram of the principle of the mining equipment for lunar helium 3 provided by the embodiment of the present invention, and its working mode is as follows:

First, the degassing unit heats and degass the helium-3-rich ore mined in the moon, and the degassed gas enters the low-temperature condensation separation unit 110 .

It can be understood that helium is the substance with the lowest boiling point. At 100kPa, the boiling point of helium 4 is 4.21K (Kelvin temperature), helium 3 is 3.19K, and hydrogen is 20K. In the vacuum of the moon, helium 3 is absorbed in titanium ore as a gas. When mining and enriching helium 3, the mined helium 3-rich ore is heated and degassed, and the desorbed gas enters the cryogenic condensation separation unit 120.

Further, using the moon's own vacuum and daytime high temperature environment (the moon's daytime temperature is about 400K), the heating source can come from solar energy.

Then, the desorbed gas enters the condensation chamber 111 through the inlet port 112 to condense the impurity gas mainly composed of hydrogen, and is discharged from the first liquid discharge pump 116 through the first capillary 115 . The mixed gas of helium 3 and helium 4 enters the liquid inlet 122 from the gas outlet 113 .

In some embodiments, the cryogenic condensation separation unit 110 further includes a radiation heat exchanger (not shown in the figure), and the desorbed gas is heated by the radiation heat exchanger and then enters the condensation through the inlet port. room.

It can be understood that by using the low temperature of the lunar night (the lunar night temperature is about 100K) and the background temperature of the universe, the mixed gas is cooled by the radiation heat exchanger, and the energy is effectively utilized.

In some of the embodiments, the low-temperature condensation and separation unit 110 further includes a mechanical refrigerator, and the mechanical refrigerator is arranged in the condensation chamber. Impurity gas condenses.

In some of these embodiments, the mechanical refrigerator is a Stirling refrigerator or a pulse tube refrigerator or a throttling refrigerator.

It can be understood that the combination of radiant heat exchanger refrigeration and mechanical refrigerator can provide a cooling capacity below 33.2K, and perform low-temperature condensation and separation on the mixed gas.

It can be understood that by separating helium and other impurities by the above-mentioned cryogenic condensation unit 110, the use of a large amount of adsorbent can be avoided, thereby greatly reducing the cost of purifying helium on the moon.

Thirdly, the mixed gas enters the separation chamber 121 through the liquid inlet 122, the mixed gas is pre-cooled to a liquid state in the separation chamber 121 to form a liquid mixture, and the adiabatic demagnetization refrigerator 124 cools the liquid mixture To less than 2.1K, the superfluid helium 4 is discharged by the liquid discharge pump through the ultrafine capillary hole 125 and the second capillary tube 126 to obtain the liquid helium 3 with higher purity, and the liquid helium 3 is composed of The liquid outlet 123 enters the storage and transportation unit for storage.

In some of these embodiments, the superfluid helium separation unit 120 further includes a mechanical refrigerator (not shown in the figure), and the mechanical refrigerator pre-cools the mixed gas entered through the liquid inlet 122 to a liquid state, so The mechanical refrigerator is also connected to the adiabatic demagnetization refrigerator 124 and provides pre-cooling for the adiabatic demagnetization refrigerator 124 .

It can be understood that the mixed gas of helium is pre-cooled to a liquid state (the cooling temperature is about 4K) by the mechanical refrigerator, and the pre-cooling 124 is provided for the adiabatic demagnetization refrigerator. The liquid mixture is cooled to below 2.1K by the adiabatic demagnetization refrigerator. Compared with other refrigeration methods in this temperature area (dilution refrigeration, adsorption refrigeration, J-T throttling), it has the advantages of compactness, high efficiency and independent gravity operation.

It can be understood that since helium 4 is superfluid when it is lower than 2.1K, it can pass through extremely fine holes, while helium 3 is in a normal state above 2.5mK and cannot pass through extremely fine holes. Therefore, the present invention designs The ultrafine capillary separates the superfluid helium 4, which can separate the helium 4 in a gravity-free environment; the present invention adopts a capillary or other capillary equipment to separate liquid impurities from helium, helium, and helium in a gravity-free environment. 4. Separation can eliminate the dependence on gravity and ensure that the system can operate under gravity-free conditions.

Please refer to FIG. 4 , which is a schematic structural diagram of the adiabatic demagnetization refrigerator according to an embodiment of the present invention, including a superconducting magnet 131 , a magnetic refrigeration medium 132 , a superconducting magnet 131 , a thermal switch 133 , a heat sink 134 and a cold head 135 . The thermal switch 133 includes a first thermal switch located between the magnetic refrigeration medium and the heat sink and a second thermal switch located between the magnetic refrigeration medium and the cold head; wherein:

The superconducting magnet 131 is used to provide a controllable magnetic field; the magnetic refrigeration medium 132 is the source of cold energy of the system, when a magnetic field is applied to it, it releases heat to the outside; when the magnetic field is removed, it absorbs heat from the outside, and then Cooling and cooling; the heat sink 134 is used to absorb the high-temperature heat released during magnetization; the first thermal switch is in an on state during magnetization and in an off state during demagnetization; the second thermal switch is in a demagnetized state The on state and the off state during magnetization; the cold head 135 is used to transmit cold energy.

It can be understood that the use of adiabatic demagnetization refrigerators can provide a temperature below 2.1K. Compared with other refrigeration methods in this temperature zone (dilution refrigeration, adsorption refrigeration, J-T throttling), it has the advantages of compactness and high efficiency, and does not rely on gravity to operate.

In some of these embodiments, the storage and transportation unit can keep the liquid helium 3 below 3.32K so that it is always in a liquid state, and the temperature can be provided by the decompression evaporation of the liquid helium 4, or provided by a mechanical refrigerator.

It can be understood that the method of storing and transporting liquid helium 3 at low temperature and normal pressure has the advantages of small volume, high safety, and not easy to leak gas compared with the storage and transport mode of gaseous or high-pressure liquid. Helium 3 is stored and transported at about 100kPa) to avoid safety risks and leakage problems caused by high-pressure containers.

In addition, the present invention also provides a kind of mining method for the mining equipment of lunar helium 3, comprising the following steps:

Step S110: The degassing unit heats and degass the helium-rich ore mined in the moon, and the degassed gas enters the low-temperature condensation separation unit;

Step S120: the detached gas enters the condensation chamber through the inlet port to condense the impurity gas mainly composed of hydrogen, and is discharged by the first liquid discharge pump through the first capillary tube, and the obtained helium 3 and The mixed gas of helium 4, the mixed gas enters the liquid inlet from the gas outlet;

Step S130: the mixed gas enters the separation chamber through the liquid inlet, the mixed gas is pre-cooled to a liquid state in the separation chamber to form a liquid mixture, and the adiabatic demagnetization refrigerator cools the liquid mixture to a temperature lower than 2.1K, and then the superfluid helium 4 is discharged by the discharge pump through the ultrafine capillary hole and the second capillary tube to obtain a liquid helium 3 with higher purity, and the liquid helium 3 is discharged from the outlet. The liquid port enters the storage and transportation unit for storage. For the detailed working mode, please refer to the description of the above-mentioned device, and will not be repeated here.

In the mining equipment and method for helium 3 on the moon provided by the present invention, the degassing unit heats and degass the ore rich in helium 3 mined in the moon, and the degassed gas enters the low-temperature condensation and separation unit; The detached gas enters the condensation chamber through the inlet port, condenses the impurity gas mainly composed of hydrogen, and is discharged by the first liquid discharge pump through the first capillary tube, and the obtained helium 3 and helium 4 The mixed gas enters the liquid inlet from the gas outlet; the mixed gas enters the separation chamber from the liquid inlet, and the mixed gas is pre-cooled to a liquid state in the separation chamber to form a liquid mixture, The adiabatic demagnetization refrigerator cools the liquid mixture to less than 2.1K, and then the superfluid helium 4 is discharged by the discharge pump through the second capillary to obtain liquid helium 3 with higher purity, The liquid helium 3 is stored in the storage and transportation unit through the liquid outlet. The mining equipment for lunar helium 3 provided by the present invention can avoid using a large amount of adsorption by separating helium and other impurities through a cryogenic condensation separation unit. It can greatly reduce the cost of purifying helium on the moon; separate helium and liquid impurities, helium 3 and helium 4 with capillary tubes, which can eliminate the dependence on gravity and ensure that the system can operate under gravity-free conditions; use adiabatic demagnetization The refrigerator provides a temperature below 2.1K. Compared with other refrigeration methods in this temperature area (dilution refrigeration, adsorption refrigeration, J-T throttling), it has the advantages of compactness and high efficiency, and does not rely on gravity to operate; it adopts low temperature and atmospheric pressure for storage and transportation of liquid helium 3 Compared with gaseous or high-pressure liquid storage and transportation, it has the advantages of small volume, high safety, and not easy to leak.

The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and only describe the technical principles of the present invention in detail. These descriptions are only for explaining the principles of the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the protection scope of the present invention in any way. Based on the explanations herein, any modifications, equivalent replacements and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention, and those skilled in the art can think of other specific embodiments of the present invention without creative work, are should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. The equipment for exploiting the moon helium 3 is characterized by comprising a degassing unit, a low-temperature condensation separation unit, an overflow helium separation unit and a storage and transportation unit; the low-temperature condensation separation unit comprises a condensation chamber, an air inlet and an air outlet which are arranged at two ends of the condensation chamber, a cold head arranged at the side edge of the condensation chamber, a first capillary tube which penetrates through the cold head and is communicated with the condensation chamber, and a first liquid discharge pump arranged on the first capillary tube; the super-flow helium separation unit comprises a separation chamber, a liquid inlet and a liquid outlet which are arranged at two ends of the separation chamber, a cold head of a heat-insulation demagnetization refrigerator arranged at the side edge of the separation chamber, a superfine capillary hole connected with the cold head of the heat-insulation demagnetization refrigerator, a second capillary tube connected with the superfine capillary hole, and a second liquid discharge pump arranged on the second capillary tube; wherein:

the degassing unit is used for heating and degassing ores which are extracted from the moon and rich in helium 3, and the separated gas enters the low-temperature condensation separation unit;

the separated gas enters the condensation chamber through the inlet to condense the impurity gas mainly comprising hydrogen, and the impurity gas is discharged by the first liquid discharge pump through the first capillary to obtain a mixed gas of helium 3 and helium 4, wherein the mixed gas enters the inlet through the gas outlet;

the mixed gas enters the separation chamber from the liquid inlet, the mixed gas is pre-cooled to be in a liquid state in the separation chamber to form a liquid mixture, the heat insulation demagnetization refrigerator cools the liquid mixture to be lower than 2.1K, and then the liquid helium 4 in a super-flow state is discharged by the liquid discharge pump through the superfine capillary holes and the second capillary tube to obtain liquid helium 3 with high purity, and the liquid helium 3 enters the storage and transportation unit from the liquid outlet to be stored.

2. A production facility for lunar helium 3 as claimed in claim 1, wherein the heat source for heating the degassing is from solar energy.

3. A mining apparatus for lunar helium 3 as claimed in claim 1, wherein said cryocondensation separation unit further comprises a radiant heat exchanger through which the disengaged gas is warmed before entering said condensation chamber through said inlet port.

4. A mining apparatus for lunar helium 3 as claimed in claim 3, wherein the cryocondensation separation unit further comprises a mechanical refrigerator disposed in the condensation chamber, the mechanical refrigerator cooling the gas therein to condense the impurity gas mainly comprising hydrogen.

5. A mining apparatus for lunar helium 3 as claimed in claim 4, wherein said mechanical refrigerator is a Stirling refrigerator or pulse tube refrigerator or throttle refrigerator.

6. The mining apparatus for lunar helium 3 as claimed in claim 1, wherein the super flow helium separation unit further comprises a mechanical refrigerator, the mechanical refrigerator pre-cools the mixed gas entering from the liquid inlet to a liquid state, the mechanical refrigerator is further connected to the adiabatic demagnetization refrigerator and provides pre-cooling for the adiabatic demagnetization refrigerator.

7. The mining apparatus for lunar helium 3 as described in claim 6, wherein said adiabatic demagnetization refrigerator comprises a superconducting magnet, a magnetic refrigeration medium, a heat sink, a thermal switch and a cold head, said thermal switch comprising a first thermal switch between said magnetic refrigeration medium and said heat sink and a second thermal switch between said magnetic refrigeration medium and said cold head; wherein:

the superconducting magnet is used for providing a controllable magnetic field; the magnetic refrigeration working medium is a cold energy source of the system, and when a magnetic field is applied to the magnetic refrigeration working medium, heat is released to the outside; when the magnetic field is removed, heat is absorbed from the outside, and then cooling and refrigeration are carried out; the heat sink is used for absorbing high-temperature heat released during magnetization; the first thermal switch is in a conducting state during magnetization and in a cutting-off state during demagnetization; the second thermal switch is in a conducting state during demagnetization and is in a cut-off state during magnetization; the cold head is used for transmitting cold.

8. The mining apparatus for lunar helium 3 as claimed in claim 7, wherein said storage and transportation unit can maintain said liquid helium 3 below 3.32K so that it is always in liquid state.

9. A production method of a production apparatus for lunar helium 3 as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8, comprising the steps of:

the degassing unit is used for heating and degassing ores which are extracted from the moon and rich in helium 3, and the separated gas enters the low-temperature condensation separation unit;

the separated gas enters the condensation chamber through the inlet to condense the impurity gas mainly comprising hydrogen, and the impurity gas is discharged by the first liquid discharge pump through the first capillary to obtain a mixed gas of helium 3 and helium 4, wherein the mixed gas enters the inlet through the gas outlet;

the mixed gas enters the separation chamber from the liquid inlet, the mixed gas is pre-cooled to be in a liquid state in the separation chamber to form a liquid mixture, the heat insulation demagnetization refrigerator cools the liquid mixture to be lower than 2.1K, and then the liquid helium 4 in a super-flow state is discharged by the liquid discharge pump through the superfine capillary holes and the second capillary tube to obtain liquid helium 3 with high purity, and the liquid helium 3 enters the storage and transportation unit from the liquid outlet to be stored.

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