CN100559649C - Method for Pretreatment and Component Separation of Waste Lead-acid Batteries - Google Patents
Method for Pretreatment and Component Separation of Waste Lead-acid Batteries Download PDFInfo
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- CN100559649C CN100559649C CNB2007103000751A CN200710300075A CN100559649C CN 100559649 C CN100559649 C CN 100559649C CN B2007103000751 A CNB2007103000751 A CN B2007103000751A CN 200710300075 A CN200710300075 A CN 200710300075A CN 100559649 C CN100559649 C CN 100559649C
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- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/84—Recycling of batteries or fuel cells
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种用于铅再生利用过程中处理废旧铅酸蓄电池的各成分分离的废旧铅酸蓄电池预处理及成分分离的方法，通过液压六瓣抓斗行车的翻撂，使固体和液体初步分离，固体物料经电磁除铁、磁性金属检测、破碎、筛滤后，所得铅膏用刮板机连接至铅膏搅拌储罐，然后用泵送至压滤机得到含铅滤饼和电解液，滤饼返回铅冶炼；电解液一部分返回系统，一部分送去配制硫酸，振荡筛筛板前连接水动力分离机，使得较轻的固体分离出来，在破碎机头、刮板机头、铅膏搅拌储罐及压滤机等密封部位用管道连接至空气净化器，然后后经风机送至烟囱，本方法具有分离彻底、能耗低、环境好、投资少的优点。
The invention relates to a method for the pretreatment and component separation of waste lead-acid batteries used in the process of lead regeneration and utilization for the separation of components of waste lead-acid batteries. The solid and liquid are initially turned over by a hydraulic six-lobed grab bucket. Separation, after the solid material is subjected to electromagnetic iron removal, magnetic metal detection, crushing, and sieving, the resulting lead paste is connected to the lead paste mixing storage tank with a scraper machine, and then pumped to a filter press to obtain lead-containing filter cake and electrolyte , the filter cake is returned to lead smelting; part of the electrolyte is returned to the system, and part of it is sent to prepare sulfuric acid, and a hydrodynamic separator is connected in front of the sieve plate of the vibrating screen to separate lighter solids, which are stirred in the crusher head, scraper head, and lead paste The sealing parts such as the storage tank and the filter press are connected to the air purifier with pipes, and then sent to the chimney by the fan. This method has the advantages of complete separation, low energy consumption, good environment and low investment.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the plumbous technical field of smelting of non-ferrous metal metallurgy industry, relate in particular to and a kind ofly be used for plumbous regeneration process and handle the waste and old lead acid accumulator preliminary treatment of each component separation of waste and old lead acid accumulator and the method for component separation.
Background technology
Flourishing and medium-developed country's reviver metal output has surpassed primary lead metal output, and reviver output accounts for the ratio of total output: the U.S. is more than 70%, and Europe accounts for more than 78%, global average out to 50%, and China only accounts for 25 ∽ 30%, is lower than world average level.The reviver of China is backward in technique, and the recovery operation imperfection is a principal element that causes this present situation.At present, more representational used and scrapped battery reviver technology has following:
1, the flow process of Australian Brooklyn (BROOKLYN) secondary lead smelting factory employing is that scrap battery directly enters the rotary kiln melting after fragmentation, batching, and fire refining of crude lead obtains lead bullion.This technology is not considered the regeneration of SO2 pollution problems and plastics, does not carry out the separation of grid lead plaster yet.
2, those Derek city secondary lead smelting factory (Pedricktown) technology of the U.S., its flow process is basic similar to Brooklyn, has just given prominence to environmental protection and comprehensive utilization more, with the wet method waste lead acid battery that dissociated, isolated grid, plastics, cream mud, that only separates is not too thorough.Fire refining of crude lead produces lead bullion, but this technology is not considered the SO2 pollution problems yet.
3, Italian Xin Saming (nuova samin spa) company's technology, the technology of the said firm mainly is that used and scrapped battery obtains sulfur waste acid, polypropylene plastics, cream mud and lead grid respectively after broken waterpower sorting.Cream mud carries out the carbonating conversion before entering rotary kiln, thereby removes SO
2Pollute, waste water carries out sulfide precipitation to be handled.But the sulphur that cream mud contains in this method fails to handle, sulfur waste acid fails to be used.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to overcome that the spent acid that exists in the present used and scrapped battery decomposition technique is seriously polluted, efficient is low, the deficiency of environment difference and for used and scrapped battery decompose recycle provide that a kind of energy consumption is low, good work environment, the waste and old lead acid accumulator preliminary treatment of small investment and the method for component separation.
Technical scheme of the present invention is achieved in that concrete steps are as follows:
(1), used and scrapped battery is broken in material pit, make waste electrolyte can flow automatically to material pit;
(2), the used and scrapped battery of breaking is delivered in the hopper of oscillating feeder, be delivered in the disintegrating machine by conveyer belt again, magnetic metal in the waste material and irony fragment are separated by the Magnetic Isolation Equipment Inspection and the screening that are installed on the conveyer belt, in order to protect disintegrating machine after crusher in crushing, make the mixing particle that maximum particle diameter is not more than 80MM, directly entered the vibration seperator by comminuting matter;
(3), by comminuting matter after vibration separates, cream mud enters the sedimentation feeder, makes cream mud simmer down to lead plaster concentrate mud; The large particulate matter that is retained on the vibration seperator screen cloth enters the hydrodynamic force seperator, makes various component separation according to the proportion difference;
(4), enter lead grid smelting furnace melting configuration lead-antimony alloy from the isolated lead grid of hydrodynamic force seperator.
In step 1, grab storage battery with the driving of being furnished with orange-peel bucket and break, waste electrolyte is flowed out from used and scrapped battery also can flow automatically to material pit; This part waste electrolyte is after submerged pump is transported to the filter press filtration, and filter cake is delivered to meltshop batching refining lead bullion, and the waste electrolyte after filtering is from flowing to the electrolyte accumulator tank, then with being pumped to sulfuric acid plant relieving haperacidity.
Certain gradient and waterproof and acid infiltration are arranged at the bottom of the hole of described material pit, and after used and scrapped battery was broken, the waste electrolyte that flows out from used and scrapped battery can flow automatically in the electrolyte storage hole along the end, hole.
In step 2, described oscillating feeder is grabbed battery to the hopper of the vibration constant feeder that function of measuring is arranged with the driving of being furnished with orange-peel bucket for the vibration constant feeder.
In step 2, when the described Magnetic Isolation equipment that is installed on the conveyer belt had too much magnetic metal or irony fragment to exist in charging, the metal monitor on it will send and stop the charging signal, stops charging.
In step 3, after cream mud enters the sedimentation feeder, add flocculating agent and clarified; The lead plaster mud of simmer down to water content 30% ∽ 35%, chain-type scaler by bottom land strikes off and sends into lead plaster mud in the accumulator tank, simultaneously be furnished with conveying worm, the solid matter of isolated different specific weight is discharged in order to separate oarse-grained hydrodynamic force seperator.
Lead plaster mud in the accumulator tank filters with being pumped into filter press, filters the lead plaster of gained and sends to plumbous the smelting; The filtrate retrieval system is in order to clean solid matter.
In step 4, the scum silica frost and the flue dust of lead grid gained in smelting furnace melting configuration lead-antimony alloy process return plumbous smelting system.
To purchase the used and scrapped battery that comes with truck unloads in storage battery material pit certain gradient, waterproof and acid infiltration is arranged; with the driving of being furnished with orange-peel bucket battery is grabbed to the hopper of the vibration constant feeder that function of measuring is arranged; be delivered in the disintegrating machine by conveyer belt again; magnetic metal in the waste material and irony fragment are separated by the Magnetic Isolation Equipment Inspection and the screening that are installed on the conveyer belt, in order to the protection disintegrating machine.As having too much magnetic metal or irony fragment to exist in the charging, be installed on metal monitor on the conveyer belt and will send and stop the charging signal, stop charging.After crusher in crushing, make the mixing particle that maximum particle diameter is not more than 80MM, directly entered the vibration seperator by comminuting matter.When grabbing storage battery with the driving of orange-peel bucket, waste electrolyte flows out from used and scrapped battery and flows automatically in the storage hole, and this part waste electrolyte is after submerged pump is transported to the filter press filtration, and filter cake is delivered to meltshop batching refining lead bullion.And the waste electrolyte after filtering is from flowing to the electrolyte accumulator tank, then with being pumped to sulfuric acid plant relieving haperacidity.
The supernatant of clarifying in collection surface, the circulation water under high pressure via pump drives is imported into flusher, in order to clean the material of beating and take away lead plaster mud on the particle on the sieve plate of vibration seperator.Recirculated water contains a small amount of large particulate matter, will be filtered by filter.
Lead plaster is collected into the sedimentation feeder, adds flocculant, and it act as and concentrates condensed solids and make suspended particulates clarification in the water.After the lead plaster sedimentation concentrated, forming water content 30% to 35% proportion was 2.2 to 2.5 the concentrated mud of lead plaster and the aqueous solution that contains very small dimensions trace suspension thing.The lead plaster that sinks to the bottom strikes off and sends into the plumbous mud accumulator tank from collection surface, feeder bottom with the chain-type scaler.Be delivered to filter press lead plaster filter cake by pump again, the lead plaster mud that institute's removal gets off can carry out melting and refine plumbous operation.The filtrate of collecting from filter press will import feeder, and be distributed in the system all kinds of cell bodies liquid as a supplement, and too much overflowing liquid is then collected the electrolyte accumulator tank and delivered to system for preparing sulfuric acid.
Above-mentioned each equipment is provided with the gas sampling point, is connected to extract system and imports in the gas purifier, after the current that gas is driven by pump in the clarifier clean, is extracted by air exhauster and to enter atmosphere by chimney.
Isolated lead grid enters lead grid smelting furnace melting configuration lead-antimony alloy, the scum silica frost of output and flue dust with lead plaster together with enter plumbous smelting system as leady raw materials.
The invention has the advantages that:
1, effectively avoided the pollution problem of spent acid and sulphur.Spent acid is delivered to sulfuric acid plant through the press filtration purification and is participated in producing high-concentration sulfuric acid again; The oxidation in plumbous smelting process of lead plaster sulfur-bearing forms SO
2Gas enters acid making system and produces sulfuric acid, makes the value of spent acid and sulphur obtain utilization again, has saved disposal cost, has produced benefit.
2, the production operation environment is good.Because whole flow process electrolyte splashes a little all in the negative pressure confined space, the gas of confined space through extract, emptying after the purification, effectively avoided the working space air pollution.
3, feed separation is thorough, the metal recovery rate height.In technological process, material through intersection, repeated isolation, very thorough with each component separation, plumbous comprehensive recovery reaches more than 95%, has avoided the waste and the plumbous secondary pollution problem of material.
4, automaticity height.Package unit adopts centralized power distribution and control room computer centralized control, has effectively reduced the field operation personnel, has improved personnel's operating efficiency.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1: process chart.
Embodiment
As shown in the figure, concrete steps are as follows:
(1), used and scrapped battery is broken in material pit, make waste electrolyte can flow automatically to material pit;
(2), the used and scrapped battery of breaking is delivered in the hopper of oscillating feeder, be delivered in the disintegrating machine by conveyer belt again, magnetic metal in the waste material and irony fragment are separated by the Magnetic Isolation Equipment Inspection and the screening that are installed on the conveyer belt, in order to protect disintegrating machine after crusher in crushing, make the mixing particle that maximum particle diameter is not more than 80MM, directly entered the vibration seperator by comminuting matter;
(3), by comminuting matter after vibration separates, cream mud enters the sedimentation feeder, makes cream mud simmer down to lead plaster concentrate mud; The large particulate matter that is retained on the vibration seperator screen cloth enters the hydrodynamic force seperator, makes various component separation according to the proportion difference;
(4), enter lead grid smelting furnace melting configuration lead-antimony alloy from the isolated lead grid of hydrodynamic force seperator.
In step 1, grab storage battery with the driving of being furnished with orange-peel bucket and break, waste electrolyte is flowed out from used and scrapped battery also can flow automatically to material pit; This part waste electrolyte is after submerged pump is transported to the filter press filtration, and filter cake is delivered to meltshop batching refining lead bullion, and the waste electrolyte after filtering is from flowing to the electrolyte accumulator tank, then with being pumped to sulfuric acid plant relieving haperacidity.
Certain gradient and waterproof and acid infiltration are arranged at the bottom of the hole of described material pit, and after used and scrapped battery was broken, the waste electrolyte that flows out from used and scrapped battery can flow automatically in the electrolyte storage hole along the end, hole.
In step 2, described oscillating feeder is grabbed battery to the hopper of the vibration constant feeder that function of measuring is arranged with the driving of being furnished with orange-peel bucket for the vibration constant feeder.
In step 2, when the described Magnetic Isolation equipment that is installed on the conveyer belt had too much magnetic metal or irony fragment to exist in charging, the metal monitor on it will send and stop the charging signal, stops charging.
In step 3, after cream mud enters the sedimentation feeder, add flocculating agent and clarified; The lead plaster mud of simmer down to water content 30% ∽ 35%, chain-type scaler by bottom land strikes off and sends into lead plaster mud in the accumulator tank, simultaneously be furnished with conveying worm, the solid matter of isolated different specific weight is discharged in order to separate oarse-grained hydrodynamic force seperator.
Lead plaster mud in the accumulator tank filters with being pumped into filter press, filters the lead plaster of gained and sends to plumbous the smelting; The filtrate retrieval system is in order to clean solid matter.
In step 4, the scum silica frost and the flue dust of lead grid gained in smelting furnace melting configuration lead-antimony alloy process return plumbous smelting system.
To purchase the used and scrapped battery that comes with truck unloads in storage battery material pit certain gradient, waterproof and acid infiltration is arranged, adopt hydraulic pressure six lobe grab-cranes with lead accumulator stirring and the batch turning in dicang retrieved, battery is picked up in the process under raising, battery jar is broken or is broken, and electrolyte just part flows out to the bottom and flows automatically to waste electrolyte storage hole.This part waste electrolyte is after submerged pump conveying, filter press purify, and filter cake is delivered to plumbous smelting shop batching refining lead bullion, and waste electrolyte is prepared sulfuric acid with being pumped to sulfuric acid plant then from flowing in the electrolyte accumulator tank.Battery is with being furnished with the driving pick-and-place of orange-peel bucket to the hopper of the vibration constant feeder that function of measuring is arranged; be delivered in the disintegrating machine by conveyer belt again; metal fragment in the waste material is separated by the Magnetic Isolation Equipment Inspection and the screening that are installed on the conveyer belt, in order to the protection disintegrating machine.As having too much magnetic metal or iron filings to exist in the charging, be installed on metal monitor on the conveyer belt and will send and stop the charging signal, stop charging.Charging is ground into the mixing particle that granularity is not more than 80MM via disintegrating machine, and normal particle size distribution ratio is:
50mm＜5％b.w.＜80mm
10mm＜45％b.w.＜50mm
50％b.w.＜10mm
The supernatant of in collection surface, clarifying, the circulation water under high pressure through pump drives is imported into flusher, in order to clean at the material of beating on the sieve plate and to take away lead plaster mud on the particle; The a small amount of large particulate matter that contains in the recirculated water is filtered by filter.After the lead plaster that is driven by water leaks down by screen cloth, directly enter in the below sedimentation feeder, add flocculating agent to strengthen clarifying efficiency; The large scale material that is retained on the screen cloth directly enters in the hydrodynamic force seperator, float on the polypropylene on current upper strata, take away from hydrodynamic force seperator top by clapping slurry and conveying worm, heavier pole plate settles down with rod extremely, at last by the shaking screen filter with water and the lead plaster that is mingled with, the scrap lead grain is filtered in the collection surface, the oversize material enters the secondary separator, hard rubber and the dividing plate heavier than water sink to the bottom, take away by conveying worm, take away by other conveying worm than the polypropylene that water is light, thereby material is divided into: polypropylene, grid board is with extremely excellent, broken dividing plate, heavy plastics.
Lead plaster is collected into the sedimentation feeder, and after the sedimentation of adding flocculant concentrated, forming water content 30% to 35% proportion was 2.2 to 2.5 the concentrated mud of lead plaster and the aqueous solution that contains very small dimensions trace suspension thing.The lead plaster that sinks to the bottom strikes off lead plaster and send into the accumulator tank from collection surface and feeder bottom with the chain-type scaler, is delivered to filter press press filtration output lead plaster filter cake by pump then, and the lead plaster mud that institute's removal gets off can return to plumbous smelting system.The filtrate of collecting from filter press will import the other electrolyte feeder, be distributed to system in all kinds of cell bodies liquid as a supplement, and too much overflowing liquid is then collected the acid making system that the electrolyte accumulator tank is delivered to the lead smelting.
More than each equipment be provided with the gas sampling point, be connected to extract system and import in the gas purifier, in the clarifier, gas is extracted by air exhauster and to enter atmosphere by chimney after water cleans.
Isolated lead grid enters lead grid smelting furnace melting configuration lead-antimony alloy, and the scum silica frost of output and flue dust enter plumbous smelting system with the primary lead concentrate as raw material together with lead plaster.
Claims (1)
1, the method for a kind of waste and old lead acid accumulator preliminary treatment and component separation is characterized in that:
(1), using the driving of being furnished with orange-peel bucket to grab storage battery breaks used and scrapped battery, waste electrolyte is flowed out from used and scrapped battery also can flow automatically to material pit in material pit; Certain gradient and waterproof and acid infiltration are arranged at the bottom of the hole of described material pit, and after used and scrapped battery was broken, the waste electrolyte that flows out from used and scrapped battery can flow automatically in the electrolyte storage hole along the end, hole;
The waste electrolyte that flows automatically in the material pit is transported to after filter press filters through submerged pump, and filter cake is delivered to meltshop batching refining lead bullion, and the waste electrolyte after filtering is from flowing to the electrolyte accumulator tank, then with being pumped to sulfuric acid plant relieving haperacidity;
(2), with the driving of being furnished with orange-peel bucket, the used and scrapped battery of breaking is grabbed to the hopper of the vibration constant feeder that function of measuring is arranged; Be delivered in the disintegrating machine by conveyer belt again; Magnetic metal in the waste material and irony fragment are separated by the Magnetic Isolation Equipment Inspection and the screening that are installed on the conveyer belt, in order to the protection disintegrating machine, after crusher in crushing, make the mixing particle that maximum particle diameter is not more than 80MM, directly entered the vibration seperator by comminuting matter; When described Magnetic Isolation equipment had too much magnetic metal or irony fragment to exist in charging, the metal monitor on it will send and stop the charging signal, stops charging;
(3), by comminuting matter after vibration separates, cream mud enters the sedimentation feeder, adds flocculating agent and is clarified, and makes cream mud simmer down to water content 30%
35% lead plaster concentrates mud, and the chain-type scaler by bottom land concentrates mud with lead plaster and strikes off and send in the accumulator tank; The large particulate matter that is retained on the vibration seperator screen cloth enters the hydrodynamic force seperator, separates oarse-grained hydrodynamic force seperator and is furnished with conveying worm, according to the proportion difference solid matter of isolated different specific weight is discharged; Lead plaster mud in the accumulator tank filters with being pumped into filter press, filters the lead plaster of gained and sends to plumbous the smelting; The filtrate retrieval system is in order to clean solid matter;
(4), enter lead grid smelting furnace melting configuration lead-antimony alloy from the isolated lead grid of hydrodynamic force seperator; The scum silica frost and the flue dust of lead grid gained in smelting furnace melting configuration lead-antimony alloy process return plumbous smelting system.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2007103000751A CN100559649C (en) | 2007-12-27 | 2007-12-27 | Method for Pretreatment and Component Separation of Waste Lead-acid Batteries |
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| CNB2007103000751A CN100559649C (en) | 2007-12-27 | 2007-12-27 | Method for Pretreatment and Component Separation of Waste Lead-acid Batteries |
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| CN100559649C true CN100559649C (en) | 2009-11-11 |
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Families Citing this family (19)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN100576626C (en) * | 2008-07-11 | 2009-12-30 | 东莞市松山科技集团有限公司 | A process that can realize the full cycle regeneration of waste lead-acid batteries |
| BRPI0802499B1 (en) * | 2008-07-28 | 2023-03-14 | Almir Dos Santos Trindade | PROCESS OF OBTAINING SULFURIC ACID FROM USED BATTERIES |
| CN102324593B (en) * | 2011-08-18 | 2013-07-10 | 江门三捷电池实业有限公司 | Recovery method of Ni-MH battery negative pole waste |
| CN102534220B (en) * | 2011-12-22 | 2013-07-03 | 阳煤集团山西吉天利科技有限公司 | Closed circulating and recycling method of waste lead-acid accumulator |
| CN102623772B (en) * | 2012-01-19 | 2014-07-16 | 新乡市亚洲金属循环利用有限公司 | Comprehensive re-treatment device for waste lead storage battery |
| CN103050745B (en) * | 2013-01-07 | 2015-05-20 | 华中科技大学 | Pretreatment method for lead plaster of waste lead-acid accumulators |
| CN104183884A (en) * | 2013-07-31 | 2014-12-03 | 天能电池(芜湖)有限公司 | Lead acid storage battery waste acid recycling technology |
| CN103647116B (en) * | 2013-12-10 | 2015-10-28 | 天能电池(芜湖)有限公司 | A kind of plumbous mud recoverying and utilizing method |
| CN104124486B (en) * | 2014-07-28 | 2016-06-01 | 湖南江冶机电科技股份有限公司 | The broken apart technique of a kind of waste and old maintenance-free lead accumulator |
| CN105967299A (en) * | 2016-06-03 | 2016-09-28 | 湖北金洋冶金股份有限公司 | Method of flocculating and precipitating electric vehicle waste lead-acid storage battery broken diachylon slurry |
| CN106180153B (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2018-08-07 | 广东新生环保科技股份有限公司 | A kind of lead-acid accumulator storage compartment |
| CN108183278A (en) * | 2017-12-30 | 2018-06-19 | 天津华庆百胜能源有限公司 | A kind of lead-acid accumulator recovery method of environmental protection |
| CN108199111A (en) * | 2018-03-23 | 2018-06-22 | 天能电池集团（安徽）有限公司 | A kind of battery production waste treatment device and its processing method |
| CN110858673A (en) * | 2018-08-23 | 2020-03-03 | 广东理标信息科技有限公司 | New energy automobile storage battery recycling device and recycling method thereof |
| CN111146521A (en) * | 2019-12-17 | 2020-05-12 | 界首市双特新材料科技有限公司 | Harmless regeneration method for waste lead-acid battery shell |
| CN111048863A (en) * | 2019-12-31 | 2020-04-21 | 浙江天能电源材料有限公司 | Waste storage battery recycling process |
| CN112563600A (en) * | 2020-11-05 | 2021-03-26 | 浙江天能动力能源有限公司 | Method for recycling waste lead plaster of waste polar plate |
| CN112932248B (en) * | 2021-01-28 | 2022-02-22 | 重庆置勋科技有限公司 | Automatic charging and replacing device of electric heat preservation pot |
| CN113078383A (en) * | 2021-04-27 | 2021-07-06 | 太和县大华能源科技有限公司 | Full-automatic disassembling process flow of waste lead storage battery |
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| CN101217205A (en) | 2008-07-09 |
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