CN110858673A - New energy automobile storage battery recycling device and recycling method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a new energy vehicle battery recovery and processing device and a recovery method thereof, comprising a silo, a grab crane is arranged on the top of the silo, a chain plate conveyor is arranged on the right side of the top of the silo, and the A hammer crusher is installed at the bottom of the chain plate conveyor, a battery liquid storage tank is arranged at the bottom of the left side of the hammer crusher, a metal crusher is installed at the bottom of the right side of the hammer crusher, and the outlet of the metal crusher is installed. The material port is provided with a first belt conveyor. The invention considers the comprehensive recovery in the recycling process of the waste battery, improves the environmental protection in the recycling process, is friendly to the environment, reduces the air, water and solid pollution generated in the process to a minimum, and the material utilization rate of the waste battery is reduced to a minimum. It is more cost-effective from an economic point of view. Since the process is completed at low temperature, the energy consumption is relatively low, the equipment requirements are relatively low, and the overall investment is small.

Description

A new energy vehicle battery recycling device and its recycling method

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of battery recycling, in particular to a new energy vehicle battery recycling and processing device and a recycling method thereof.

Background technique

Energy vehicles refer to the use of unconventional vehicle fuels as the power source (or the use of conventional vehicle fuels and the use of new vehicle-mounted power units), and the integration of advanced technologies in vehicle power control and drive. Most of the existing new energy vehicles use batteries as the power source for vehicles with technology and new structure.

The pollution of lead-acid batteries needs our attention. Due to its high cost performance, good power characteristics, low self-discharge, superior high and low temperature performance, safe and reliable operation, mature recycling technology and high lead reuse rate, lead-acid batteries have been used for a long time. It has always been the largest battery product in the world, and its output value and sales still account for half of the global battery and 70% of the secondary battery. Today, China has developed into a global lead-acid battery production base, and the consumption of lead has surpassed the United States to become the world's largest lead consumption country. At present, the most serious harm to the environment is the recycling, dismantling and smelting process of used batteries. Large-scale secondary lead enterprises with a certain economic scale have made a lot of investment in environmental protection, and some have even realized online monitoring. The small smelters are too rudimentary and do not even have any environmental protection facilities. In particular, the manual dismantling and smelting of some small workshops not only causes serious harm to the environment, but also harms the health of employees, and the comprehensive utilization rate of resources is low.

Most of the existing lead-acid battery treatment adopts solidification and deep burial, and is stored in waste mines. Waste batteries are generally transported to special toxic and hazardous landfills, because there are still many useful substances that can be used as raw materials, but this approach is not only expensive but also wasteful. To this end, we propose a new energy vehicle battery recycling device and its recycling method.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

Based on the technical problems existing in the background technology, the present invention proposes a new energy vehicle battery recycling and processing device and a recycling method thereof, which have the characteristics of recycling scrap lead-acid batteries and regenerating them into lead-acid battery production raw materials, which solves the problem of the existing battery disposal. The method is not only too expensive, but also creates the problem of waste.

The present invention provides the following technical solutions:

A new energy vehicle battery recovery and processing device includes a silo, a grab crane is arranged on the top of the silo, a chain plate conveyor is installed on the right side of the top of the silo, and a hammer is installed at the bottom of the chain plate conveyor The bottom of the left side of the hammer crusher is provided with a battery fluid storage tank, the bottom of the right side of the hammer crusher is provided with a metal crusher, and the discharge port of the metal crusher is provided with a first a belt conveyor, a strong magnetic separator is installed on the top of the first belt conveyor, and the metal crusher is connected to the hydraulic sorting tank through the first belt conveyor;

The bottom of the hydraulic sorting tank is provided with a sorting circulation tank, the bottom of the sorting circulation tank is movably connected with a sorting bottom flow tank, and the top of the hydraulic sorting tank is provided with a plastic fishing machine, the plastic fishing machine The material is transported to the plastic acid washing tank, the right side of the plastic acid washing tank is connected with a neutralization washing tank, and the right side of the neutralization washing tank is provided with a plastic dryer, and the discharge of the plastic dryer is The port is provided with a second belt conveyor, the right side of the hydraulic sorting tank is connected with the metal dryer through the sorting and scavenger, the top of the metal dryer is connected with an exhaust cylinder, and the discharge of the metal dryer The mouth is provided with a third belt conveyor.

Preferably, an acid circulation tank is arranged at the bottom of the plastic acid washing tank, and a neutralization circulation tank is arranged at the bottom of the neutralization washing tank.

Preferably, the plastic dryer is connected with a plastic silo through a second belt conveyor, and the metal dryer is connected with a metal silo through a third belt conveyor.

A method for recycling and processing a battery of a new energy vehicle, comprising the following steps:

a. Crushing: The battery is crushed into debris particles that are conducive to sorting. By using secondary crushing, in the primary crushing, the structure of the battery is mainly destroyed, the electrolyte is separated, and the battery is crushed to facilitate the secondary crushing treatment. The particle size of the battery is divided into two grades, and the secondary crushing is performed to make the battery crushed to the particle size that can be sorted;

b. Iron removal: Some batteries have iron parts as reinforcing materials, and a powerful magnetic machine is used for iron removal, which is completed during the transportation of scraps;

c. Hydraulic sorting: using the different densities of plastic and metal materials, it is completed in a liquid mixer. The plastic is separated and removed by the sorting machine. At the same time, lead peroxide, lead sulfate and other substances in the battery are also washed by the liquid. It is removed from the liquid, and the metal material particles are pulled out by the belt conveyor and entered into the alkaline washing process to remove the acid;

d. Plastic drying and granulation: the separated plastic granules enter the washing tank for three-stage alkaline washing to remove acid, then enter the dryer for drying, and then enter the extruder for granulation to obtain granulated products for sale. ;

e. Recovery of lead mud: The lead mud that enters the waste liquid tank together with the electrolyte during the crushing process, the lead mud washed in the sorting process and the lead mud produced by plastic washing are separated by three filter units respectively.

Preferably, the acid solution is recovered in the recovery process, and the electrolyte solution produced from the crushing process is relatively pure dilute sulfuric acid, which is concentrated and recycled after being filtered and purified.

The invention provides a new energy vehicle battery recycling and processing device and a recycling method, which considers the comprehensive recovery in the recycling process of the waste battery, improves the environmental protection in the recycling process, is environmentally friendly, and generates air and water in the process. , and solid pollution are reduced to a minimum, the material utilization rate of waste batteries is high, and the treatment cost is relatively low, which is more cost-effective from an economic point of view. Because the process is completed at low temperature, the energy consumption is relatively low, and the equipment requirements are relatively low. , the overall investment is small.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the process flow diagram of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is a plastic processing process diagram of the present invention.

In the picture: 1 silo, 2 grab crane, 3 chain plate conveyor, 4 hammer crusher, 5 battery liquid storage tank, 6 metal crusher, 7 first belt conveyor, 8 strong magnetic separator, 9 hydraulic separation Tank, 10 sorting circulation tank, 11 sorting bottom flow tank, 12 plastic salvage machine, 13 plastic acid washing tank, 14 neutralizing washing tank, 15 plastic dryer, 16 second belt conveyor, 17 sorting fisher, 18 metal dryers, 19 exhaust tanks, 20 third belt conveyors, 21 acid circulation pools, 22 neutralization circulation pools, 23 plastic silos, 24 metal silos.

Detailed ways

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, but not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Please refer to Figures 1-3, the present invention provides a technical solution:

A new energy vehicle battery recycling and processing device, comprising a silo 1, a grab crane 2 is arranged on the top of the silo 1, the lifting capacity of the grab crane 2 is 5t, and a chain plate conveyor 3 is arranged on the right side of the top of the silo 1 , a hammer crusher 4 is installed at the bottom of the chain plate conveyor 3, the hammer crusher 4 is a primary crusher, and the bottom of the left side of the hammer crusher 4 is provided with a battery fluid storage tank 5. After primary crushing, the battery fluid enters To the battery liquid storage tank 5, a metal crusher 6 is installed at the bottom of the right side of the hammer crusher 4, and the metal crusher 6 performs secondary crushing. To separate the particle size, the discharge port of the metal crusher 6 is provided with a first belt conveyor 7 to transport the scraps to the hydraulic separation tank, and a strong magnetic separator 8 is installed on the top of the first belt conveyor 7 to separate the iron in the material on the belt. Material separation, the metal crusher 6 is connected to the hydraulic sorting tank 9 through the first belt conveyor 7, and the hydraulic sorting tank 9 pulls the plastic out of the sorting tank and enters the washing tank;

The bottom of the hydraulic sorting tank 9 is provided with a sorting circulation tank 10, the bottom of the sorting circulation tank 10 is movably connected with a sorting bottom flow tank 11, and the top of the hydraulic sorting tank 9 is provided with a plastic fishing machine 12, and the plastic fishing machine 12 will The material is transported to the plastic acid washing tank 13, the right side of the plastic acid washing tank 13 is connected with the neutralization washing tank 14, the right side of the neutralization washing tank 14 is provided with a plastic dryer 15, and the discharge port of the plastic dryer 15 A second belt conveyor 16 is provided, and the right side of the hydraulic sorting tank 9 is connected to a metal dryer 18 through a sorting and scavenger 17. The metal dryer 18 dries the lead metal material with hot air, and the top of the metal dryer 18 is connected with a The exhaust cylinder 19, the discharge port of the metal dryer 18 is provided with a third belt conveyor 20, the bottom of the plastic acid washing tank 13 is provided with an acid circulation tank 21, and the bottom of the neutralization washing tank 14 is provided with a neutralization circulation tank 22, The plastic dryer 15 is connected with a plastic silo 23 through a second belt conveyor 16 , and the metal dryer 18 is connected with a metal silo 24 through a third belt conveyor 20 .

A method for recycling and processing a battery of a new energy vehicle, comprising the following steps:

a. Crushing: The battery is crushed into debris particles that are conducive to sorting. By using secondary crushing, in the primary crushing, the structure of the battery is mainly destroyed, the electrolyte is separated, and the battery is crushed to facilitate the secondary crushing treatment. The particle size of the battery is divided into two grades, and the secondary crushing is performed to make the battery crushed to the particle size that can be sorted;

b. Iron removal: Some batteries have iron parts as reinforcing materials, and a powerful magnetic machine is used for iron removal, which is completed during the transportation of scraps;

c. Hydraulic sorting: using the different densities of plastic and metal materials, it is completed in a liquid mixer. The plastic is separated and removed by the sorting machine. At the same time, lead peroxide, lead sulfate and other substances in the battery are also washed by the liquid. It is removed from the liquid, and the metal material particles are pulled out by the belt conveyor and entered into the alkaline washing process to remove the acid;

d. Plastic drying and granulation: the separated plastic granules enter the washing tank for three-stage alkaline washing to remove acid, then enter the dryer for drying, and then enter the extruder for granulation to obtain granulated products for sale. ;

e. Recovery of lead mud: The lead mud that enters the waste liquid tank together with the electrolyte during the crushing process, the lead mud washed in the sorting process and the lead mud produced by plastic washing are separated by three filter units respectively.

Example 1:

First, the battery is crushed into debris particles that are convenient for sorting. By using secondary crushing, in the primary crushing, the structure of the battery is mainly destroyed, the electrolyte is separated, and the battery is crushed to a particle size that is convenient for secondary crushing. , secondary crushing, so that the battery is crushed to a grade that can be sorted; some batteries have iron parts as reinforcing materials, and a strong magnetic machine is used for iron removal, which is completed during the transportation of scrap materials; the use of plastic and metal materials Different densities are completed in a liquid mixer. The plastic is separated and removed by a sorting machine. At the same time, lead peroxide, lead sulfate and other substances in the battery are also removed in the liquid by washing the liquid, and the metal material particles are conveyed by the belt. It is taken out by the machine and enters the alkaline washing process to remove the acid; the separated plastic particles enter the washing tank for three-stage alkaline washing to remove the acid, and then enter the dryer for drying, and then enter the extruder for granulation , get the granular product for sale; mainly the lead mud that enters the waste liquid tank together with the electrolyte during the crushing process, the lead mud washed in the sorting process and the lead mud produced by plastic washing are separated by three filter units respectively.

Embodiment 2:

First, the battery is crushed into debris particles that are convenient for sorting. By using secondary crushing, in the primary crushing, the structure of the battery is mainly destroyed, the electrolyte is separated, and the battery is crushed to a particle size that is convenient for secondary crushing. , secondary crushing, so that the battery is crushed to a grade that can be sorted; some batteries have iron parts as reinforcing materials, and a strong magnetic machine is used for iron removal, which is completed during the transportation of scrap materials; the use of plastic and metal materials Different densities are completed in a liquid mixer. The plastic is separated and removed by a sorting machine. At the same time, lead peroxide, lead sulfate and other substances in the battery are also removed in the liquid by washing the liquid, and the metal material particles are conveyed by the belt. It is taken out by the machine and enters the alkaline washing process to remove the acid; the separated plastic particles enter the washing tank for three-stage alkaline washing to remove the acid, and then enter the dryer for drying, and then enter the extruder for granulation , obtain pellet products for sale; the electrolyte produced from the crushing process is relatively pure dilute sulfuric acid, which is concentrated and recycled after being filtered and purified; it is mainly the lead that enters the waste liquid tank together with the electrolyte during the crushing process. The mud, the lead mud washed in the sorting process and the lead mud produced by plastic washing are separated by three filter units respectively.

Embodiment three:

First, the battery is crushed into debris particles that are convenient for sorting. By using secondary crushing, in the primary crushing, the structure of the battery is mainly destroyed, the electrolyte is separated, and the battery is crushed to a particle size that is convenient for secondary crushing. , secondary crushing, so that the battery is crushed to a grade that can be sorted; some batteries have iron parts as reinforcing materials, and a strong magnetic machine is used for iron removal, which is completed during the transportation of scrap materials; the use of plastic and metal materials Different densities are completed in a liquid mixer. The plastic is separated and removed by a sorting machine. At the same time, lead peroxide, lead sulfate and other substances in the battery are also removed in the liquid by washing the liquid, and the metal material particles are conveyed by the belt. It is taken out by the machine and enters the alkaline washing process to remove the acid; the separated plastic particles enter the washing tank for three-stage alkaline washing to remove the acid, and then enter the dryer for drying, and then enter the extruder for granulation , to obtain pellet products for sale; the electrolyte produced from the crushing process is relatively pure dilute sulfuric acid, which is concentrated and recycled after being filtered and purified; it is mainly the lead that enters the waste liquid tank together with the electrolyte during the crushing process. The mud, the lead mud washed in the sorting process and the lead mud produced by plastic washing are separated by three filter units respectively. Finally, the lead mud in the circulating water of the system is filtered and separated, the filtrate is returned to the system, and the lead mud is transported out and concentrated. Dilute sulfuric acid, up to the standard of use.

In the present invention, the comprehensive recovery in the recycling process of the waste battery is considered, and the environmental protection in the recycling process is improved, which is friendly to the environment, and the air, water, and solid pollution generated in the process are reduced to a minimum. The utilization rate is high, the processing cost is relatively low, and it is more cost-effective from an economic point of view. Since the process is completed at low temperature, the energy consumption is relatively low, the equipment requirements are relatively low, and the overall investment is small.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to this. The equivalent replacement or change of the inventive concept thereof shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (5)

1. A new energy vehicle battery recycling and processing device, comprising a silo (1), characterized in that: a grab crane (2) is provided on the top of the silo (1), and a top of the silo (1) is provided with a grab crane (2). A chain plate conveyor (3) is arranged on the right side, a hammer crusher (4) is installed at the bottom of the chain plate conveyor (3), and a battery fluid storage tank is arranged at the bottom of the left side of the hammer crusher (4). (5), a metal crusher (6) is installed at the bottom of the right side of the hammer crusher (4), and a first belt conveyor (7) is arranged at the discharge port of the metal crusher (6). A strong magnetic separator (8) is installed on the top of the first belt conveyor (7), and the metal crusher (6) is connected to the hydraulic sorting tank (9) through the first belt conveyor (7); The bottom of the hydraulic sorting tank (9) is provided with a sorting circulation tank (10), the bottom of the sorting circulation tank (10) is movably connected with a sorting bottom flow tank (11), and the hydraulic sorting tank ( 9) A plastic salvage machine (12) is arranged on the top of the plastic salvage machine (12), and the plastic salvage machine (12) transports the material to the plastic acid washing tank (13), and the right side of the plastic acid washing tank (13) is connected with neutralization washing. A pool (14), a plastic dryer (15) is provided on the right side of the neutralizing washing pool (14), and a second belt conveyor (16) is provided at the discharge port of the plastic dryer (15), The right side of the hydraulic sorting tank (9) is connected with the metal dryer (18) through the sorting and scavenger (17), and the top of the metal dryer (18) is connected with the exhaust cylinder (19), so the The discharge port of the metal dryer (18) is provided with a third belt conveyor (20). 2. A new energy vehicle battery recycling and processing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: an acid circulation tank (21) is arranged at the bottom of the plastic acid washing tank (13), and the neutralizing washing tank ( The bottom of 14) is provided with a neutralization circulation pool (22). 3. A new energy vehicle battery recycling and processing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the plastic dryer (15) is connected with a plastic silo (23) through a second belt conveyor (16), so The metal dryer (18) is connected with a metal silo (24) through a third belt conveyor (20). 4. The method for recycling a new energy vehicle battery according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the method comprises the following steps: a. Crushing: The battery is crushed into debris particles that are conducive to sorting. By using secondary crushing, in the primary crushing, the structure of the battery is mainly destroyed, the electrolyte is separated, and the battery is crushed to facilitate the secondary crushing treatment. The particle size of the battery is divided into two grades, and the secondary crushing is performed to make the battery crushed to the particle size that can be sorted; b. Iron removal: Some batteries have iron parts as reinforcing materials, and a powerful magnetic machine is used for iron removal, which is completed during the transportation of scraps; c. Hydraulic sorting: using the different densities of plastic and metal materials, it is completed in a liquid mixer. The plastic is separated and removed by the sorting machine. At the same time, lead peroxide, lead sulfate and other substances in the battery are also washed by the liquid. It is removed from the liquid, and the metal material particles are pulled out by the belt conveyor and enter the alkaline washing process to remove the acid; d. Plastic drying and granulation: the separated plastic granules enter the washing tank for three-stage alkaline washing to remove acid, then enter the dryer for drying, and then enter the extruder for granulation to obtain granulated products for sale. ; e. Recovery of lead mud: The lead mud that enters the waste liquid tank together with the electrolyte during the crushing process, the lead mud washed in the sorting process and the lead mud produced by plastic washing are separated by three filter units respectively. 5. a kind of new energy vehicle battery recycling method according to claim 4, is characterized in that: acid solution is recovered in described recovery process, and the electrolyte that is produced from crushing process is relatively pure dilute sulfuric acid, After filtration and purification, it is concentrated and recycled.

Images