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CN109506766A - It is a kind of to be shaken integrative sensor in parallel based on the optical fiber temperature of balzed grating, and fiber grating - Google Patents

It is a kind of to be shaken integrative sensor in parallel based on the optical fiber temperature of balzed grating, and fiber grating Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109506766A
CN109506766A CN201811573865.1A CN201811573865A CN109506766A CN 109506766 A CN109506766 A CN 109506766A CN 201811573865 A CN201811573865 A CN 201811573865A CN 109506766 A CN109506766 A CN 109506766A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
grating
optical fiber
balzed
fiber
balzed grating
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CN201811573865.1A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
郑良广
赵呈锐
杨达
金波
吴明明
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Ningbo CRRC Times Transducer Technology Co Ltd
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Ningbo CRRC Times Transducer Technology Co Ltd
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Priority to CN201811573865.1A priority Critical patent/CN109506766A/en
Publication of CN109506766A publication Critical patent/CN109506766A/en
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01HMEASUREMENT OF MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS OR ULTRASONIC, SONIC OR INFRASONIC WAVES
    • G01H9/00Measuring mechanical vibrations or ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves by using radiation-sensitive means, e.g. optical means
    • G01H9/004Measuring mechanical vibrations or ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves by using radiation-sensitive means, e.g. optical means using fibre optic sensors
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01KMEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01K11/00Measuring temperature based upon physical or chemical changes not covered by groups G01K3/00, G01K5/00, G01K7/00 or G01K9/00
    • G01K11/32Measuring temperature based upon physical or chemical changes not covered by groups G01K3/00, G01K5/00, G01K7/00 or G01K9/00 using changes in transmittance, scattering or luminescence in optical fibres

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Length Measuring Devices By Optical Means (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention provides a kind of based on the optical fiber temperature of balzed grating, and fiber grating vibration integrative sensor in parallel, to solve prior art medium temperature vibration integrative sensor, null offset is larger, need to carry out periodic maintenance and calibration and the poor problem of sampling precision, this sensor includes: shell, is internally provided with fiber grating and balzed grating, vibration measurement structure;Optical cable, one end protrude into interior of shell and draw two-way optical fiber, and respectively first via optical fiber and the second road optical fiber, the fiber grating is engraved on first via optical fiber, and the balzed grating, vibration measurement structure is connected with the second road optical fiber.This sensor, null offset is smaller, and anti-electromagnetic interference capability is strong, and no electrical noise measurement accuracy with higher and connection reliability are high.

Description

It is a kind of to be shaken integrative sensor in parallel based on the optical fiber temperature of balzed grating, and fiber grating
Technical field
The invention belongs to temperature disturbance integrative sensor technical fields, more particularly to one kind to be based on balzed grating, and optical fiber light The optical fiber temperature vibration integrative sensor in parallel of grid.
Background technique
Rail locomotive vehicle needs the operating status by temperature vibration integrative sensor to components such as bearing, gear-box, motors It is monitored.Since the temperature of detection site is higher, existing sensor generally uses piezoelectric principle to carry out acceleration monitoring, Temperature monitoring is carried out using platinum resistance.
Such as the Chinese patent of Publication No. CN01233313, a kind of temperature vibrating digifax composite sensor is disclosed, is passed Digital temperature Sensitive Apparatus and piezoelectric chip and circuit board are packaged in sensor shell, it is characterized in that circuit board contains power supply electricity Road, impedance inverter circuit, bootstrapping biasing circuit, gain control circuit and voltage-current converter circuit, sensor is in a digital manner The input and output that temperature signal, vibration signal, automatic control signal and power supply are realized with current system and three-wire system have anti-dry Disturb that ability is strong, frequency response is good and adjust etc. convenient for transducer sensitivity normalized the advantages of, have more compared with the prior art High reliability and the ratio of performance to price.
However the sensor of temperature vibration one in the prior art, it has the following problems:
(1) acceleration is measured by piezo-electric crystal, piezoelectric crystal surface can generate charge accumulation, for a long time using will lead to Zero migration needs regularly to carry out sensor maintenance, carries out the release and recalibration of charge, brings very big fiber crops to maintenance It is tired.
(2) it is influenced by electromagnetic interference, sampling precision etc., it is poor to weak signal Detection capability, while being deposited in train operation environment Electrical noise can be brought to couple in the vibration of strong vibration, cable, exacerbate this influence, cause the measurement accuracy of sensor compared with Difference.
(3) solder joint in the prior art easily breaks down because of vibration.
(4) connector easily breaks down due to the reasons such as intaking, aoxidizing.
In conclusion needing to propose that a kind of null offset is smaller, measurement accuracy is high, and the strong temperature vibration one of stability in use passes Sensor.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is there is the above problem in view of the prior art, it is smaller to propose a kind of null offset, anti-electricity Magnetic disturbance ability is strong, no electrical noise, measurement accuracy with higher, and connection reliability is high based on balzed grating, and fiber grating Optical fiber temperature shake integrative sensor in parallel.
Object of the invention can be realized by the following technical scheme: a kind of optical fiber based on balzed grating, and fiber grating Temperature vibration integrative sensor in parallel, comprising:
Shell is internally provided with fiber grating and balzed grating, vibration measurement structure;
Optical cable, one end protrude into interior of shell and draw two-way optical fiber, respectively first via optical fiber and the second road optical fiber, institute It states fiber grating to be engraved on first via optical fiber, the balzed grating, vibration measurement structure is connected with the second road optical fiber.
It further, further include the bending protection structure being connected between optical cable and shell.
Further, the bending protection structure includes connector tail sleeve, and the bending part of connector tail sleeve lower end is arranged in Part;
The inside of both connector tail sleeve, bending component is respectively equipped with the through-hole passed through for optical cable, on the outside of bending component It is provided with the bending part with cage connection.
Further, balzed grating, vibration measurement structure includes:
Pedestal, horizontally disposed balzed grating, on the base, with the vertically disposed collimation lens of balzed grating, cantilever beam and Mass block;
The collimation lens is connected with the second road optical fiber connector across pedestal and is mounted on mass block;
Connection, the other end of the cantilever beam are connected with mass block above one end of the cantilever beam and pedestal.
Further, balzed grating, vibration measurement structure includes the grating induction structure of pedestal and pedestal articulated connection, sets Set the collimation lens above grating induction structure;The collimation lens and reflective mirror are respectively provided on the base;
The grating induction structure includes: mass block and the balzed grating, for being attached to mass top surface;Grating induction structure It is horizontally disposed on the base.
Further, grating induction structure is horizontally disposed on the base, and reflecting mirror is arranged on the right side of grating induction structure Top and the lower part of collimation lens.
Further, grating induction structure is horizontally disposed on the base, and the right side of grating induction structure is arranged in reflecting mirror Lower part and collimation lens lower part.
Further, grating induction structure is vertically arranged on the base, and grating induction structure top is arranged in reflecting mirror Right side and the lower part of collimation lens.
Further, grating induction structure is vertically arranged on the base, and grating induction structure lower part is arranged in reflecting mirror Right side and the lower part of collimation lens.
Based on the above-mentioned technical proposal, the embodiment of the present invention at least can produce following technical effect:
(1) null offset of sensor is smaller, without being safeguarded and being calibrated in longer life cycle;
(2) anti-electromagnetic interference capability is strong, no electrical noise, measurement accuracy with higher;
(3) connection reliability is high.
Detailed description of the invention
Specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawing, in which:
Fig. 1 is the cross-sectional view of a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram one of balzed grating, vibration measurement structure in a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the structural schematic diagram two of balzed grating, vibration measurement structure in a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the structural schematic diagram three of balzed grating, vibration measurement structure in a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is the structural schematic diagram four of balzed grating, vibration measurement structure in a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is the structural schematic diagram five of balzed grating, vibration measurement structure in a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is the structural schematic diagram six of balzed grating, vibration measurement structure in a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is the structural schematic diagram seven of balzed grating, vibration measurement structure in a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 9 is the structural schematic diagram eight of balzed grating, vibration measurement structure in a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
In figure, 100, optical cable;110, first via optical fiber;120, the second road optical fiber;200, shell;300, bending protection knot Structure;400, optical fiber connector;500, fiber grating;600, balzed grating, vibration measurement structure;610, grating induction structure;611, Balzed grating,;612, mass block;613, rotary shaft;614 reflecting mirrors;700, collimation lens;800, pedestal;900, cantilever beam.
Specific embodiment
Following is a specific embodiment of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, technical scheme of the present invention will be further described, However, the present invention is not limited to these examples.
Technical solution provided by the invention is illustrated in more detail below with reference to Fig. 1 to Fig. 9.
As shown in Figures 1 to 9, based on the optical fiber temperature of balzed grating, and fiber grating vibration integrative sensor in parallel, comprising:
Shell is internally provided with fiber grating and balzed grating, vibration measurement structure;
Optical cable, one end protrude into interior of shell and draw two-way optical fiber, respectively first via optical fiber and the second road optical fiber, institute It states fiber grating to be engraved on first via optical fiber, the balzed grating, vibration measurement structure is connected with the second road optical fiber.
As shown in Figure 1, based on the optical fiber temperature of balzed grating, and fiber grating vibration integrative sensor in parallel, sensor is adopted It include two core single mode optical fibers i.e. first via optical fiber and the second road optical fiber in optical cable with two core optical cables, the optical cable, one end is stretched Enter interior of shell and draws the two-way optical fiber;
Wherein fiber grating is carved on optical fiber all the way;A balzed grating, vibration measurement knot is connected on another way optical fiber Structure.
Wherein when the temperature of induction changes, the equivalent grating distance for the fiber grating being engraved on first via optical fiber becomes Change, further reflection peak wavelengths are changed, further obtain the variation of temperature, realizes the function of temperature measurement Energy.
When the external world vibrates, after wherein extraneous vibration is transmitted to balzed grating, vibration measurement structure, balzed grating, vibration The angle between the collimation lens on balzed grating, and the second road optical fiber inside dynamic measurement structure changes, so as to cause sudden strain of a muscle The wavelength of the reflection peak of credit grating changes, to realize vibration measurement function.
In the present embodiment, by the way that two are respectively set on the two-way optical fiber that sensor outer housing interior cables one end is drawn solely Vertical fiber grating and balzed grating, vibration measurement structure, fiber grating and balzed grating, vibration measurement structure are arranged in parallel, real The purpose of existing optical fiber temperature vibration one, and this sensor carries out vibration measurement using balzed grating, vibration measurement structure, compared to existing There is piezoelectric principle in technology to carry out vibration measurement, null offset is smaller, in longer life cycle without carry out maintenance and Calibration, anti-electromagnetic interference capability is strong, no electrical noise, measurement accuracy with higher, and its connection reliability is high.
It further, further include the bending protection structure being connected between optical cable and shell.
Further, the bending protection structure includes connector tail sleeve, and the bending part of connector tail sleeve lower end is arranged in Part;
The inside of both connector tail sleeve, bending component is respectively equipped with the through-hole passed through for optical cable, on the outside of bending component It is provided with the bending part with cage connection.
Wherein optical cable is flexible article, and shell is rigid objects, is contacted by long-time, the contact between optical cable and shell And friction, it will lead to optical cable breakage, therefore structure is protected in the bending being arranged, and the contact between optical cable and shell is enabled to carry out Excessively, reduce the damaged degree of optical cable, connection reliability is high.
Further, balzed grating, vibration measurement structure includes:
Pedestal, horizontally disposed balzed grating, on the base, with the vertically disposed collimation lens of balzed grating, cantilever beam and Mass block;
The collimation lens is connected with the second road optical fiber connector across pedestal and is mounted on mass block;
Connection, the other end of the cantilever beam are connected with mass block above one end of the cantilever beam and pedestal.
Wherein balzed grating, measurement structure has different embodiments,
As shown in Fig. 2, this balzed grating, vibration measurement structure, balzed grating, remain stationary, it is horizontally disposed on the base, the Two road optical fiber and collimation lens are mounted on mass block, are connected by cantilever beam with rigid base.
After the focusing that the light of second road optical fiber passes through collimation lens, it is radiated above balzed grating, is reflected by balzed grating, After turn again in the second road optical fiber.
When having, when occurring perpendicular to the second tunnel optical fiber axial direction acceleration, mass block shifts, so as to cause the second road light Angle between fine and balzed grating, changes.So as to measure the acceleration change of optical fiber axial direction.
As shown in figure 3, wherein balzed grating, can be with the second road optical fiber in 45 degree of settings, balzed grating, is remained stationary, horizontal On the base, the second road optical fiber and collimation lens are mounted on mass block, are connected by cantilever beam with rigid base for setting.
After the focusing that the light of second road optical fiber passes through collimation lens, it is radiated above balzed grating, is reflected by balzed grating, After turn again in the second road optical fiber.
When having, when occurring perpendicular to the second tunnel optical fiber axial direction acceleration, mass block shifts, so as to cause the second road light Angle between fine and balzed grating, changes.So as to measure the acceleration change of optical fiber axial direction.
Further, balzed grating, vibration measurement structure includes the grating induction structure of pedestal and pedestal articulated connection, sets Set the collimation lens and reflecting mirror above grating induction structure;
The collimation lens and reflecting mirror are respectively provided on the base;
The grating induction structure includes: mass block and the balzed grating, for being attached to mass top surface.
Wherein balzed grating, is attached to the upper surface of mass block, further, in this embodiment, balzed grating, passes through pre- handicapping Dead-wood flitch is connected with rigid base, and one end of balzed grating, is hingedly fixed by rotary shaft and pedestal.
As shown in figure 4, wherein grating induction structure is horizontally disposed on the base;As shown in figure 5, wherein grating induction structure It is arranged with optical fiber in 45 degree of angles, the light on the second road optical fiber is emitted on balzed grating, by collimation lens, is then glared Light is reflected back the second road optical fiber again by grid.
When there is acceleration generation, relative displacement occurs for mass block and rigid base, and balzed grating, deflects, with the The angle of two road fiber exit light changes, so that the peak wavelength for the light being reflected into optical fiber changes, in turn The acceleration change of the second tunnel optical fiber axial direction can be measured.
Further, grating induction structure is horizontally disposed on the base, and reflecting mirror is arranged on the right side of grating induction structure Top and the lower part of collimation lens.
As shown in fig. 6, this balzed grating, can install one piece of reflecting mirror, wherein this implementation by the front of fiber collimating lenses In example, the angle between reflecting mirror and balzed grating, is in 67.5 degree, after the light that the second road optical fiber issues is focused by collimation lens It by reflecting mirror, reflects light on balzed grating, backtracking is then reflected by balzed grating, again, return to the second road optical fiber In.
When there is acceleration generation, relative displacement occurs for mass block and rigid base, and balzed grating, deflects, with the The angle of two road fiber exit light changes, so that the peak wavelength for the light being reflected into optical fiber changes, in turn The acceleration change of the second tunnel optical fiber axial direction can be measured.
Further, grating induction structure is horizontally disposed on the base, and the right side of grating induction structure is arranged in reflecting mirror Lower part and collimation lens lower part.
As shown in fig. 7, the light that the second road optical fiber issues passes through reflecting mirror after focusing by collimation lens, sudden strain of a muscle is reflected light to It shines on grating, then backtracking is reflected by balzed grating, again, returned in the second road optical fiber.
When there is acceleration generation, relative displacement occurs for mass block and rigid base, and balzed grating, deflects, with the The angle of two road fiber exit light changes, so that the peak wavelength for the light being reflected into optical fiber changes, in turn The acceleration change of the second tunnel optical fiber axial direction can be measured.
Further, grating induction structure is vertically arranged on the base, and grating induction structure top is arranged in reflecting mirror Right side and the lower part of collimation lens.
As shown in figure 8, being wherein in 67.5 degree of angles between reflecting mirror and balzed grating, collimation lens is arranged in reflective mirror Underface, after the focusing that the light of the second road optical fiber passes through collimation lens, on the mirror, reflecting mirror reflects light to glittering for irradiation On grating, the light backtracking received is reflected back on the second road optical fiber by balzed grating, again.
When there is acceleration generation, relative displacement occurs for mass block and rigid base, and balzed grating, deflects, with the The angle of two road fiber exit light changes, so that the peak wavelength for the light being reflected into optical fiber changes, in turn The acceleration change of the second tunnel optical fiber axial direction can be measured.
Further, grating induction structure is vertically arranged on the base, and grating induction structure lower part is arranged in reflecting mirror Right side and the lower part of collimation lens.
As shown in figure 9, being wherein in 22.5 degree of angles between reflecting mirror and balzed grating, collimation lens is arranged in reflective mirror Underface, after the focusing that the light of the second road optical fiber passes through collimation lens, on the mirror, reflecting mirror reflects light to glittering for irradiation On grating, the light backtracking received is reflected back on the second road optical fiber by balzed grating, again.
When there is acceleration generation, relative displacement occurs for mass block and rigid base, and balzed grating, deflects, with the The angle of two road fiber exit light changes, so that the peak wavelength for the light being reflected into optical fiber changes, in turn The acceleration change of the second tunnel optical fiber axial direction can be measured.
Further, grating induction structure is vertically arranged on the base, is not provided with reflecting mirror, and the setting of grating induction structure exists The lower part of collimation lens.
As shown in figure 8, without reflecting mirror, wherein
Further, grating induction structure is vertically arranged on the base, and grating induction structure lower part is arranged in reflecting mirror Right side and the lower part of collimation lens.
Further, grating induction structure is vertically arranged on the base, and grating induction structure lower part is arranged in reflecting mirror Right side and the lower part of collimation lens.
The present invention at least has the following characteristics that
(1) null offset of sensor is smaller, without being safeguarded and being calibrated in longer life cycle;
(2) anti-electromagnetic interference capability is strong, no electrical noise, measurement accuracy with higher;
(3) connection reliability is high.
(4) relative position of grating induction structure and optical fiber can be set according to demand, realizes the survey of optical fiber axial direction vibration Amount, further realizes the measurement to acceleration, usage range is wider.
Specific embodiment described herein is only an example for the spirit of the invention.The neck of technology belonging to the present invention The technical staff in domain can make various modifications or additions to the described embodiments or replace by a similar method In generation, however, it does not deviate from the spirit of the invention or beyond the scope of the appended claims.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of based on the optical fiber temperature of balzed grating, and fiber grating vibration integrative sensor in parallel characterized by comprising
Shell is internally provided with fiber grating and balzed grating, vibration measurement structure;
Optical cable, one end protrude into interior of shell and draw two-way optical fiber, respectively first via optical fiber and the second road optical fiber, the light Fine grating is engraved on first via optical fiber, and the balzed grating, vibration measurement structure is connected with the second road optical fiber.
2. it is according to claim 1 it is a kind of shaken integrative sensor in parallel based on the optical fiber temperature of balzed grating, and fiber grating, It is characterized in that, further including the bending protection structure being connected between optical cable and shell.
3. it is according to claim 2 it is a kind of shaken integrative sensor in parallel based on the optical fiber temperature of balzed grating, and fiber grating, It is characterized in that, the bending protection structure includes connector tail sleeve, the bending component of connector tail sleeve lower end is set;
The inside of both connector tail sleeve, bending component is respectively equipped with the through-hole passed through for optical cable, is arranged on the outside of bending component There is the bending part with cage connection.
4. it is according to claim 1 it is a kind of shaken integrative sensor in parallel based on the optical fiber temperature of balzed grating, and fiber grating, It is characterized in that, balzed grating, vibration measurement structure includes:
Pedestal, balzed grating, with the vertically disposed collimation lens of balzed grating, cantilever beam and mass block;
The collimation lens is connected with the second road optical fiber connector across pedestal and is mounted on mass block;
Connection, the other end of the cantilever beam are connected with mass block above one end of the cantilever beam and pedestal.
5. it is according to claim 4 it is a kind of shaken integrative sensor in parallel based on the optical fiber temperature of balzed grating, and fiber grating, It is characterized in that, balzed grating, and the second road optical fiber are arranged according to default angle.
6. it is according to claim 1 it is a kind of shaken integrative sensor in parallel based on the optical fiber temperature of balzed grating, and fiber grating, It is characterized in that, balzed grating, vibration measurement structure includes the grating induction structure of pedestal and pedestal articulated connection, is arranged in light Collimation lens above grid induction structure;The collimation lens and reflective mirror are respectively provided on the base;
The grating induction structure includes: mass block and the balzed grating, for being attached to mass top surface;Grating induction structure is horizontal Setting is on the base.
7. it is according to claim 6 it is a kind of shaken integrative sensor in parallel based on the optical fiber temperature of balzed grating, and fiber grating, It is characterized in that, grating induction structure is horizontally disposed on the base, reflective mirror be arranged in the top on the right side of grating induction structure with And the lower part of collimation lens.
8. it is according to claim 6 it is a kind of shaken integrative sensor in parallel based on the optical fiber temperature of balzed grating, and fiber grating, It is characterized in that, grating induction structure is horizontally disposed on the base, the lower part on the right side of grating induction structure is arranged in reflective mirror And the lower part of collimation lens.
9. it is according to claim 6 it is a kind of shaken integrative sensor in parallel based on the optical fiber temperature of balzed grating, and fiber grating, It is characterized in that, grating induction structure is vertically arranged on the base, reflective mirror be arranged in the right side on grating induction structure top with And the lower part of collimation lens.
10. it is according to claim 6 it is a kind of shaken integrative sensor in parallel based on the optical fiber temperature of balzed grating, and fiber grating, It is characterized in that, grating induction structure is vertically arranged on the base, reflective mirror be arranged in the right side of grating induction structure lower part with And the lower part of collimation lens.
CN201811573865.1A 2018-12-21 2018-12-21 It is a kind of to be shaken integrative sensor in parallel based on the optical fiber temperature of balzed grating, and fiber grating Pending CN109506766A (en)

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WO2020125305A1 (en) * 2018-12-21 2020-06-25 宁波中车时代传感技术有限公司 Series-connected integrated temperature and vibration sensor employing blazed grating and fiber bragg grating optical fiber
WO2024119680A1 (en) * 2022-12-05 2024-06-13 上海拜安传感技术有限公司 Displacement measurement device and manufacturing method therefor

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Application publication date: 20190322