CN109168424B - An adjustable small-scale no-till seeder integrated with anti-tangle fertilization and chemical mixing - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses an anti-winding fertilizing and pesticide mixing integrated adjustable no-tillage planter which comprises a bottom plate, side plates, a gear box, a hanging frame, a seed box, a transmission box, disc harrows, a land wheel shaft, a blower and a storage battery, wherein the side plates, the gear box and the hanging frame are arranged on the bottom plate, the seed box, the transmission box, the disc harrows, the land wheel shaft, the blower and the storage battery are arranged in the seed box, the blower is arranged outside the seed box to blow and dry stirred and formed pill seeds, the first belt pulley and the second belt pulley which are arranged on the seed sowing shaft are utilized to be matched with a concave groove which is arranged on the seed sowing shaft and a seed dividing baffle which is embedded on the seed sowing device, the pill seeds are sowed into soil, and the anti-winding device which is formed by a rod tube, a spacer rod, a sliding baffle, a grass scraping blade, a fixed baffle and a spring is used for cutting, scraping and cleaning weeds, straws and the like which are adhered on the disc harrow plate is movably connected on the bottom plate above the front of the land wheel. Has the functions of seed dressing, cultivation, seeding, winding prevention, scraping off soil adhered to the land wheel, and the like.

Description

An adjustable small-scale no-till seeder integrating anti-tangle fertilization and chemical mixing

Technical field

The invention relates to a seeder, in particular to an adjustable small-scale no-till seeder integrated with anti-tangle fertilization and chemical mixing, and belongs to the technical field of agricultural machinery.

Background technique

With the continuous updating of seeders, farmland sowing efficiency is getting higher and higher. In order to seize farming time and save costs, technologies such as no-tillage, fertilization, and anti-winding are increasingly being applied to the same seeder. Implement multiple functions. However, due to technical problems, it is often not possible for a seeder to perfectly realize all functions. Rural land is affected by terrain, so large seeders that integrate no-till fertilization and anti-winding are often unable to enter the field for work, and general It is difficult for small seeders to meet the multi-functional requirements. When existing seeders walk on muddy farmland, the soil tends to stick to the wheels easily, increasing the overall consumption of the seeder. Generally, small seeders rarely have additional soil scraping devices for the wheels. The soil scraping device is also welded and cannot be adjusted due to different geological soils, and it cannot be cleaned in time, causing it to become more sticky and thicker, which is more likely to affect the normal sowing of the seeder. For current small anti-tangle seeders, the most anti-tangle method is to increase the height of the rake blades, but the effect is often not very satisfactory. Often after tilling, there are still a lot of straw and weeds entangled on the rake blades, causing the rake blades to malfunction when farming continues. Efficiency decreases, affecting subsequent operations. At present, rural land is scattered, and most of the planting methods are scattered. It is difficult to form an intensive planting mode. Therefore, manual seed mixing is generally used with tools before sowing. Considering the cost and frequency of use, it is rare to purchase an additional mixer, and whether it is mixed by hand Seeds should be mixed with a mixer. After the seed mixing is completed, the seeds must be dried and then manually transported to the seeder. This often misses the farming season. Hand-mixed seeds are not only uneven but also cause great harm to the human body caused by pesticides. Traditional seeders cannot meet existing market needs.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of this invention is to provide an adjustable small-scale no-tillage seeder integrated with anti-tangle fertilization and chemical mixing, which can effectively improve sowing accuracy and efficiency, reduce soil sticking to wheels, reduce straw entanglement on rake blades, and avoid safety hazards caused by manual seed dressing. Hidden danger.

The technical solution is: an adjustable small-scale no-tillage seeder integrated with anti-winding, fertilization and chemical mixing, including a base plate, side plates installed on the base plate, a gear box and a suspension frame, as well as a seed box, a transmission box and a disc rake blade. , ground wheel, ground wheel axle, blower and battery, characterized in that: a side plate is fixed on both sides of the bottom plate, and an inoculation box is fixed on the two side plates; a blower is arranged in front of the seed box, and the air outlet pipe of the blower The nozzle corresponds to the air inlet hole opened on the front plate of the seed box; both sides of the seed box are connected by auger shafts equipped with spiral auger blades between the front ends of the transmission boxes on both sides of the bottom plate; the bottom of the seed box is provided with The seeding shaft is connected through a seeding box composed of multiple seeding devices. The seeding devices are respectively arranged below the medicinal seed outlet at the bottom of the seed box. The top of the seeding box is embedded with a seeding baffle, and the bottom is connected to the duck through a seed guide tube. Mouth delivery tube connection;

The seeding shaft is provided with a seeding groove that matches the seeding device. In addition to the first pulley, one end of the seeding shaft is also fixed with a second pulley. The seeding shaft is fixed by a convex shape. The seat screws are connected to both sides of the bottom of the seed box;

The disc rake blade is connected between the two side plates in front of the seeding shaft through the intermediate tube and the bearing. The bearing is toothed with the output gear of the gear box through the gear; the upper and rear part of the disc rake blade is provided with a An anti-winding device composed of a rod tube, a spacer rod, a sliding baffle, a scraper blade, a fixed baffle and a spring. The spacer rod is fixed in the rod tube, and the spacer rod is provided with a plurality of scraper blades, springs and fixed baffles. The grass scraper is constituted, and a fixed baffle is arranged between the scraping blade of each grass scraper and the sliding baffle embedded on the rod tube. The fixed baffle is placed between the scraping blade and the sliding baffle and divided in half, so that the sliding baffle can ensure that the scraping blade can reciprocate on the rod under the lateral force of the disc rake blade and the elastic force of the spring 34; the fixed baffle, the scraping blade and the sliding baffle There are springs respectively between the blades, and the scraping blades are correspondingly arranged on the inside of the disc rake blades, and the scraping blades are tangent to the rotation direction of the disc rake blades;

The ground wheel shaft and the ground wheel are connected through bolts between the rear ends of the transmission boxes on both sides of the bottom plate. The bottom plate above and in front of the ground wheel is movably connected to a scraping board. One side between the scraping board and the bottom plate is provided with a telescopic Fixed rod; the telescopic fixed rod is provided with an elastic tab on one side of the rod body and a plurality of positioning holes on the other side;

The seed metering shaft, the auger shaft and the ground wheel shaft are respectively connected by a conveyor belt through pulleys provided thereon.

The beneficial effects are: the seeder of the present invention mixes pesticides and seeds by setting an auger in the seed box, so that the pesticides wrap the seeds and shape them into pellet seeds. After they are blown and dried by a blower, they are then discharged The adjustment of the first and second pulleys provided on the seed shaft and the cooperation of the grooves on the seed metering shaft and the seed separation baffle embedded on the top of the seed metering device allow the pill seeds to be sown into the soil, which not only improves the efficiency of seeding The quality of the sowing is guaranteed, and the precision of sowing and the spacing between rows are ensured, and the purpose of scientific sowing is achieved; behind and above the disc harrow blade, there is a rod tube, an intermediate rod, a sliding baffle, a scraper blade, a fixed baffle and a The anti-winding device composed of springs uses the lateral force generated by the disc rake blade during the driving of the seeder to drive the sliding baffle on the top of the scraper blade to reciprocate between the rods, driving the scraper blades to bond and wrap around the circular The weeds and straw on the disc harrow blades are cut, scraped and cleaned, which effectively ensures the normal cultivation of the disc harrow blades and improves the efficiency of cultivation; on the bottom plate above and in front of the ground wheel, a moldboard is movablely connected. A telescopic fixed rod is set on one side between the molding board and the bottom plate. By adjusting the position of the elastic tab on the telescopic fixed rod on the positioning hole, the angle between the molding board and the bottom plate of the seeder can be adjusted, thereby obtaining Effectively scrapes away the soil attached to the ground wheels. It can be seen that the seeder of the present invention has multiple functions such as seed dressing, cultivating, sowing, anti-winding, scraping off bonding and soil attached to the ground wheels at the same time. It has a scientific design, compact structure, low cost, and It is small, adaptable and has a wide range of applications. It is especially suitable for farming and sowing in narrow, scattered, irregular farmland and complex surrounding environments.

Description of the drawings

Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention;

Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the seed box structure;

Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the bottom plate structure of the seeder;

Figure 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the seeding shaft;

Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the bearing structure;

Figure 6 is a schematic structural diagram of the seed metering device;

Figure 7 is a schematic structural diagram of the front plate of the seed box;

Figure 8 is a schematic structural diagram of the anti-winding device;

Figure 9 is a schematic structural diagram of the telescopic fixed rod.

In the picture: 1. Gear box; 2. Suspension frame; 3. Cover plate; 4. Hinge; 5. Seed box; 6. Auger shaft; 7. Transmission box; 8. Rod tube; 9. Moldboard; 10. Ground wheel; 11. Ground wheel shaft; 13. Duckbill conveyor pipe; 14. Side plate; 15. Handle; 16. Rotate and close the cover; 17. Front plate of seed box; 18. Spiral auger blade; 19. Air inlet hole; 20. Seed metering shaft; 21. Seed metering device; 22. Seed guide tube; 23. First pulley; 24. Seed metering groove; 25. Seed separation block; 26. Spline; 27. Blower outlet Air duct; 28. Blower; 29. Intermediate pipe; 30. Disc rake blade; 31. Bearing; 32. Intermediate rod; 33. Sliding baffle; 34. Spring; 35. Grid baffle; 36. Second belt wheel; 37. Bottom plate; 38. Fixed baffle; 39. Scraper blade; 40. Positioning hole; 41. Elastic tab; 42. Telescopic fixed rod.

Detailed ways

As shown in Figures 1-4 and 6 and 7, an adjustable small-scale no-till seeder integrated with anti-winding fertilization and chemical mixing includes a base plate, side plates installed on the base plate, a gear box and a suspension frame, as well as a seed box, Transmission box, disc harrow blades, ground wheel, ground wheel shaft, blower and battery. A side plate 14 is fixed on both sides of the bottom plate 37, and an inoculation box is fixed on the two side plates; a blower 28 is provided in front of the seed box 5, and the nozzle of the blower outlet pipe 27 is connected to the front plate 17 of the seed box. corresponding to the air inlet hole 19; both sides of the seed box are connected by auger shafts 6 provided with spiral auger blades 18 between the front ends of the transmission box 1 on both sides of the bottom plate; the bottom of the seed box is provided with a seed metering shaft 20 penetrating The connected seed box is composed of multiple seed meters 21. The seed meters are respectively arranged below the pill seed outlet at the bottom of the seed box. The top is embedded with a seed separation baffle 25. The bottom is connected to the duckbill through a seed guide tube 22. The delivery pipe 13 is connected. The seeding shaft is provided with a seeding groove 24 that matches the seeding device. The length ratio of the seeding device 21 to the groove on the seeding shaft is 2:1 to fully ensure that the groove is completely in place. In the seed metering device, and avoid farmland soil from splashing into the groove on the seed metering shaft, which will affect the sowing accuracy. The top of the seed metering device is provided with a seeding baffle 25 bisected by a plurality of seed holes. The seeding baffle is provided with a plurality of equally divided pill seeding holes to assist in effectively controlling the seeding shaft according to the needs of sowing when moving. The length of the groove on the ball in contact with the pill seeds controls the number of pill seeds sown. In addition to the first pulley 23, one end of the seeding shaft is also fixedly connected with the second pulley 36. The inner radius of the first pulley 23 is the largest and can be used freely when the seeder does not need to sow, so as to avoid continued sowing of pill seeds and causing waste; the second pulley 36 is composed of three pulleys with different radii, and its radius is determined by the inner radius. It decreases gradually toward the outside to facilitate the replacement of the conveyor belt, adapt to different terrains and plant spacing differences between different crops, and improve the applicable scope of the seeder. The seed metering shaft is connected to both sides of the bottom of the seed box by convex fixing screws. In order to facilitate the movement of the seeding shaft and reduce the friction between the seeding shaft and the seed box 5 when the seeding shaft rotates, it is also convenient for the maintenance, loading and unloading of the seeding shaft.

See Figures 5, 8, and 9. The disc rake blade 30 is connected through the intermediate tube 29 and the bearing 31 between the two side plates 14 in front of the seeding shaft. The bearing passes through the gear and the output gear teeth of the gear box 1. connected; an anti-winding device composed of a rod tube, a spacer rod, a sliding baffle, a scraper blade, a fixed baffle and a spring is provided at the rear and upper side of the disc rake blade. The spacer rod 32 is fixedly connected to the rod tube 8, The rod is provided with a plurality of grass scrapers composed of a scraping blade 39, a sliding baffle 33, a spring 34 and a fixed baffle 38. There are fixed baffles between them, and springs are respectively provided between the fixed baffles, the scraping blades and the sliding baffles. The scraping blades are correspondingly arranged on the inside of the above-mentioned disc rake blades, and the gap between them is 2-3mm. This is to avoid direct contact between the scraper blade and the disc rake blades, causing wear on the scraper blades and disc rake blades and affecting the normal operation of the disc rake blades. The fixed baffle 38 is placed between the scraping blade and the sliding baffle and bisects them, so that the sliding baffle 33 can ensure that the scraping blade 39 is under the transverse force of the disc rake blade 30 and the elastic force of the spring 34. , can reciprocate back and forth on the intermediate rod 32 to prevent the scraper blade from trembling. The sliding baffle and the fixed baffle can also fully prevent the scraper blade from colliding left and right, causing damage. The scraper blade is tangential to the rotation direction of the disc rake blade, so that the scraper blade can fully scrape off the weeds and straw on the disc rake blade, prevent weeds and straw from being entangled on the disc rake blade, and ensure that the disc rake blade is of normal operation. The disc rake blades 30 are connected through the intermediate tube 29 to the bearing 31 .

The ground wheel axle 11 and the ground wheel 10 are connected through bolts between the rear ends of the transmission boxes on both sides of the bottom plate. The bottom plate 37 in front and above the ground wheel is movably connected to the molding board 9 through the hinge 4. There is a gap between the molding board and the bottom plate. A telescopic fixing rod 42 is provided on one side of the room. The telescopic fixed rod is provided with an elastic tab 41 on one side of the rod body, and a plurality of positioning holes 40 on the other side. By adjusting the position of the elastic tab on the telescopic fixed rod on the positioning hole, the angle between the molding board 9 and the bottom plate 37 of the seeder can be adjusted within the range of 30°-90°, thereby effectively scraping off the dirt attached to the ground wheel. 10 The effect of applying soil.

The seed metering shaft 20, the auger shaft 6 and the ground wheel shaft 11 are respectively connected by a conveyor belt through pulleys provided thereon.

The seed box 5 is provided with a cover 3 at its mouth. The cover is movably connected to the seed box through hinges 4. Handles 15 are provided on both sides of the cover. The two handles are spaced apart on the board. There are three rotating lids 16 for evenly distributing pesticides to facilitate the even addition and full mixing of pesticides and seeds, which can prevent uneven distribution of pesticides added to the seed box 5 and avoid directly opening the cover to add pesticides. Cause pesticides to splash, produce pollution, and harm workers.

The blower 28 is powered by a battery, and a power switch is provided on one side of the blower. The blower is powered by a battery, which can reduce consumption of the seeder itself and improve work efficiency. The air outlet duct of the blower is retractable. The diameter of the pipe opening of the blower outlet pipe 27 is the same as the diameter of the air inlet hole 19 on the front plate 17 of the seed box. The air inlet hole on the front plate of the seed box is provided with a grid baffle 35 connected to the front plate of the seed box. When pouring pesticides and seeds into the seed box 5, retract the air outlet pipe 27 of the blower and separate it from the air inlet 19 on the front plate 17 of the seed box to prevent pesticides from flowing out of the air inlet into the blower when pouring into the seed box 5. Within 28 hours; when pesticides and seeds are mixed in the seed box, turn off the power switch of the blower to prevent pesticides and seeds from flying out from the air inlet hole on the front panel 17 of the seed box during the mixing process and polluting the environment; wait until the pesticides and seeds are mixed. After sufficient stirring, turn on the power switch of the blower, and expand the air outlet pipe of the blower so that the pipe mouth is in contact with the air inlet hole on the front plate of the seed box, and blow air into the seed box through the air inlet hole on the front plate of the seed box. It accelerates the pelletization process of pesticides and seeds and prevents the pellet seeds from sticking to each other, ensuring the smooth sowing of the pellet seeds.

Its working principle: before sowing, adjust the telescopic fixed rod 42 so that the molding board 9 and the ground wheel 10 are in a tangent state; shrink the blower outlet pipe 27 so that its mouth is away from the air inlet hole 19 on the front plate 17 of the seed box , open the seed box cover 3, pour the seeds into the seed box 5, close the cover, open the three rotating lids 16, pour liquid pesticide or solid powder particles from the rotating lid opening, and then close the rotating lid. Cover, the tractor transmits power to the gear box through the connection between the input gear in the gear box 1 and the spline 26. The output gear in the gear box is connected with its teeth through the gear set on the bearing 31, driving the bearing 31 to rotate, thereby The disc rake blade 30 is driven to work. When the disc rake blade wraps around the grass, the lateral force of the disc rake blade 30 drives the sliding block 33 on the top of the scraper blade 39 to make a reciprocating motion on the intermediate rod 32, and then the grass scraper blade functions. It has the function of scraping grass; when the tractor walks, it drives the ground wheel 10 to rotate, and the ground wheel shaft 11 transmits the power to the auger shaft 6 through the conveyor belt through the pulley provided on it, and drives the auger shaft 6 to rotate to stir the pesticide and seed packaging into a For the purpose of pill seeding, stretch the nozzle of the blower air outlet pipe 27 so that the nozzle of the blower air outlet pipe is in contact with the grid baffle 35, turn on the blower power switch, and send hot air into the seed box 5 through the air inlet hole 19, so as to Accelerate the drying of pellet seeds; adjust the angle of the seeding axis 20 according to the number of seeds in the crop holes, and then adjust the contact length between the groove 24 on the seeding axis and the pellet seeds, and then select the appropriate position on the seeding axis according to the crop spacing. The second pulley 36 is connected to the pulley on the ground wheel shaft 11 through a conveyor belt, so that the pill seeds enter the seed guide tube 22 through the groove 24 on the seed metering shaft, flow into the duckbill conveyor tube 13, and finally enter the soil to achieve sowing. After sowing, the conveyor belt connected to the pulley on the ground wheel shaft is removed from the second pulley of the seeding shaft and moved to the first pulley 23 connected to the shaft, so as to prevent the pill seeds from being planted when the seeder is driving. Continue sowing while ensuring the free movement of the seeder.

Claims (6)

1. An adjustable small-scale no-tillage seeder integrated with anti-winding, fertilization and chemical mixing, including a base plate, side plates installed on the base plate, a gear box and a suspension frame, as well as a seed box, a transmission box, a disc rake blade and a ground wheel. , ground axle, blower and battery, characterized in that: a side plate is fixed on both sides of the bottom plate, and an inoculation box is fixed on the two side plates; a blower is arranged in front of the seed box, and the nozzle of the blower outlet pipe is connected to The air inlets opened on the front plate of the seed box correspond to each other; auger shafts equipped with spiral auger blades on both sides of the seed box are connected between the front ends of the transmission boxes on both sides of the bottom plate; a seed metering shaft is provided at the bottom of the seed box. A seed metering box composed of multiple seed metering devices that are connected through each other. The seed metering devices are respectively arranged below the medicinal seed outlet at the bottom of the seed box. The top of the seed metering box is embedded with a seeding baffle, and the bottom is connected by a seed guide tube and a duckbill conveying tube. connect; The seeding shaft is provided with a seeding groove that matches the seeding device. In addition to the first pulley, one end of the seeding shaft is also fixed with a second pulley. The seeding shaft is fixed by a convex shape. The seat screws are connected to both sides of the bottom of the seed box; The disc rake blade is connected between the two side plates in front of the seeding shaft through the intermediate tube and the bearing. The bearing is toothed with the output gear of the gear box through the gear; the upper and rear part of the disc rake blade is provided with a An anti-winding device composed of a rod tube, a spacer rod, a sliding baffle, a scraper blade, a fixed baffle and a spring. The spacer rod is fixed in the rod tube, and the spacer rod is provided with a plurality of scraper blades, springs and fixed baffles. The grass scraper is constituted, and a fixed baffle is arranged between the scraping blade of each grass scraper and the sliding baffle embedded on the rod tube. The fixed baffle is placed between the scraping blade and the sliding baffle and divided in half, so that the sliding baffle can ensure that the scraping blade can reciprocate on the rod under the lateral force of the disc rake blade and the elastic force of the spring 34; the fixed baffle, the scraping blade and the sliding baffle There are springs respectively between the blades, and the scraping blades are correspondingly arranged on the inside of the disc rake blades, and the scraping blades are tangent to the rotation direction of the disc rake blades; The ground wheel shaft and the ground wheel are connected through bolts between the rear ends of the transmission boxes on both sides of the bottom plate. The bottom plate above and in front of the ground wheel is movably connected to a scraping board. One side between the scraping board and the bottom plate is provided with a telescopic Fixed rod; the telescopic fixed rod is provided with an elastic tab at one end of the rod body and a fixing hole at the other end; The seed metering shaft, the auger shaft and the ground wheel shaft are respectively connected by a conveyor belt through pulleys provided thereon. 2. An adjustable small-scale no-tillage seeder integrated with anti-tangle fertilization and chemical mixing according to claim 1, characterized in that: a cover plate is provided at the mouth of the seed box, and the cover plate is movably connected to the seed box. On the cover, there are three rotating lids spaced apart for equal distribution of pesticides. 3. An adjustable small-scale no-tillage seeder integrated with anti-tangle fertilization and chemical mixing according to claim 1, characterized in that: the length of the top of the seed metering device is in line with the length of the seed metering groove 24 on the seed metering shaft. The length ratio is 2:1. 4. An adjustable small-scale no-tillage seeder integrated with anti-tangle fertilization and chemical mixing according to claim 1, characterized in that: the second pulley fixedly connected to one end of the seeding shaft decreases in sequence from three radii. Made of small pulleys. 5. An adjustable small-scale no-till seeder integrated with anti-tangle fertilization and chemical mixing according to claim 1, characterized in that: the gap between the scraper blade and the disc rake blade is 2-3mm. 6. An adjustable small-scale no-tillage seeder integrated with anti-tangle fertilization and chemical mixing according to claim 1, characterized in that: the air outlet pipe of the blower is retractable, and the diameter of the air outlet pipe mouth is consistent with the type. The air inlet holes on the front panel of the box have the same diameter.