CN107573701B - Simulated skeletal muscle material and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Simulated skeletal muscle material and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a simulated skeletal muscle material and a preparation method and application thereof. The invention relates to a simulated skeletal muscle material which comprises the following components in parts by weight: 31.5-32 parts of SEBS, 5.5-6 parts of SBS, 37.5-38 parts of naphthenic oil, 15.5-16 parts of PP, 5-5.5 parts of calcium powder and 2-2.5 parts of zinc stearate. The simulated skeletal muscle material takes the SEBS as a matrix component, and the SEBS is modified by the SBS, the naphthenic oil and other components, so that the simulated skeletal muscle material has the characteristics of elasticity and touch feeling, and has the knife feeling and puncture feeling during medical dissection and surgical operation, thereby achieving the effect similar to a cadaver specimen and a living body. In addition, the preparation method can effectively ensure the stability of the simulated skeletal muscle material.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of medical polymer composite materials, and particularly relates to a material for simulating human skeletal muscle, and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
The skeletal muscle is one of animal muscle and belongs to striated muscle, and the striated muscle also comprises cardiac muscle and visceral striated muscle, wherein the skeletal muscle is mainly distributed in four limbs, and about 600 skeletal muscles exist in a human body. Skeletal muscle is composed of contractile muscle cells (also called muscle fibers because they are shaped like long, long fibers). Any physical and physical activity is the completion of skeletal muscle contraction, which directly affects the strength and endurance of the human body.
Autopsy and medical clinical surgery training are used in medical teaching, a large number of human body samples are needed, and the donation of remains far from meeting the requirements of modern medical teaching and training due to the traditional concept obstacles.
In order to solve the technical problem that the donation quantity of the remains cannot meet the teaching and training requirements of modern medicine, the simulation specimen is produced, the material for preparing the simulation specimen is similar to the adult product material TPE, the main technical parameters are the elasticity and touch of skin, and the existing TPE material in the market cannot meet the requirements of autopsy and clinical operation on knife feeling and puncture feeling. Therefore, if a simulation material is developed to have both knife feeling and puncture feeling on the basis of having good elasticity and touch feeling, the technical problem which is solved by the researchers in the field is solved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art and provide a simulated skeletal muscle material, a preparation method and application thereof, so as to solve the technical problem that the existing simulated specimen material only has elasticity and touch characteristics, but does not have knife feeling and puncture characteristics, so that the requirements of autopsy and clinical operation cannot be met.
In order to achieve the above object, according to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a material for simulating skeletal muscle. The simulated skeletal muscle material comprises the following components in parts by weight:
in another aspect of the present invention, a method for preparing a simulated skeletal muscle material is provided, which comprises the following steps:
weighing raw materials of each component according to the components and the content of each component contained in the simulated skeletal muscle material; the simulated skeletal muscle material comprises the following components in parts by weight: 31.5-32 parts of SEBS, 5.5-6 parts of SBS, 37.5-38 parts of naphthenic oil, 15.5-16 parts of PP, 5-5.5 parts of calcium powder and 2-2.5 parts of zinc stearate;
mixing the weighed raw materials of the components, and plasticating.
In another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for applying the material for simulating skeletal muscle according to the present invention. The application of the simulated skeletal muscle material in preparing a full-automatic simulated anatomical model and a specimen.
Compared with the prior art, the simulated skeletal muscle material takes the SEBS as a matrix component, and the SEBS is modified by the SBS, the naphthenic oil and other components, so that the simulated skeletal muscle material has the knife feeling and the puncture feeling during medical dissection and surgical operation on the basis of having the characteristics of elasticity and touch feeling, and is similar to a cadaver specimen and a living body.
The preparation method of the simulated skeletal muscle material directly mixes and plasticates the components according to the types and proportions of the components contained in the simulated skeletal muscle material, so that the components can be fully dispersed and act with each other, and the prepared simulated skeletal muscle material has the characteristics of elasticity, touch feeling, knife feeling and puncture feeling. In addition, the preparation method has easily controlled process, the prepared material has stable performance, and the production cost is effectively reduced.
The invention has the advantages that the simulated skeletal muscle material has elasticity, touch feeling, knife feeling and puncture feeling at the same time, so that the application of the material in the preparation of the bionic product is enhanced, for example, the material can be at least applied in the preparation of a simulated anatomical model and a specimen, and the prepared bionic product, such as the simulated anatomical model and the simulated specimen, has good elasticity, touch feeling, knife feeling and puncture feeling.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a picture of an upper limb simulation model of a skeletal muscle material prepared by the embodiment of the invention before being bonded, applied to medical anatomy.
Figure 2 is a photograph of the upper limb simulation model applied to the medical anatomy shown in figure 1 after gluing.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the following embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
The weight of the related components mentioned in the description of the embodiments of the present invention may not only refer to the specific content of each component, but also represent the proportional relationship of the weight among the components, and therefore, the content of the related components is scaled up or down within the scope disclosed in the description of the embodiments of the present invention as long as it is in accordance with the description of the embodiments of the present invention. Specifically, the weight described in the description of the embodiment of the present invention may be a unit of mass known in the chemical industry field, such as μ g, mg, g, and kg.
In one aspect, embodiments of the present invention provide a simulated skeletal muscle material. The simulated skeletal muscle material comprises the following components in parts by weight:
wherein, the SEBS is used as a base material component, which ensures the hand feeling and the knife feeling of the simulated skeletal muscle, and has plasticity and high elasticity. In specific embodiments, the content of the SEBS in the simulated skeletal muscle material can be 31.5 parts, 31.6 parts, 31.7 parts, 31.8 parts, 31.9 parts, 32 parts and the like by weight, and preferably 32 parts by weight.
The SBS increases the tensile strength and tear resistance of the material. In a specific embodiment, the content of SBS in the simulated skeletal muscle material may be 5.5 parts, 5.6 parts, 5.7 parts, 5.8 parts, 5.9 parts, 6 parts, etc., by weight, preferably 6 parts by weight.
The naphthenic oil increases the tensile strength and tear resistance of the material. In a specific embodiment, the naphthenic oil may be contained in the simulated skeletal muscle material in an amount of 37.5 parts, 37.6 parts, 37.7 parts, 37.8 parts, 37.9 parts, 38 parts, etc., preferably 38 parts by weight.
In addition, the SBS and the naphthenic oil are controlled and adjusted in proportion and content in the simulated skeletal muscle material, so that the phenomenon of oil self-dissolving out of the simulated skeletal muscle material can be effectively avoided, and the color of the simulated skeletal muscle material is easy to color.
The PP and the SEBS have good intermiscibility, and other components are assisted to enhance the strength, the knife feeling and the acupuncture feeling of the simulated skeletal muscle material. In one embodiment, the PP is PP powder, so that the dispersibility of the PP is improved. In a specific embodiment, the content of the PP in the simulated skeletal muscle material may be 15.5 parts, 15.6 parts, 15.7 parts, 15.8 parts, 15.9 parts, 16 parts, and the like, and is preferably 16 parts by weight.
On one hand, the calcium powder acts as a filler to improve the strength of the simulated skeletal muscle material, and simultaneously acts together with other components to endow the simulated skeletal muscle material with knife feeling and acupuncture feeling. In one embodiment, the calcium powder has a particle size of 2000 mesh. Therefore, the dispersibility of the calcium powder can be improved, and the properties of the simulated skeletal muscle material, such as knife feeling, acupuncture feeling and the like, are stable. In a specific embodiment, the content of the calcium powder in the simulated skeletal muscle material can be 5.1 parts, 5.2 parts, 5.3 parts, 5.4 parts, 5.5 parts and the like by weight, and preferably 5.5 parts by weight and the like.
The zinc stearate plays a role in internal lubrication, reduces the friction force among molecules, and improves the dispersity among the components. In a specific embodiment, the content of the zinc stearate in the simulated skeletal muscle material can be 2.1 parts, 2.2 parts, 2.3 parts, 2.4 parts, 2.5 parts and the like by weight, and preferably 2.5 parts by weight and the like.
Based on the above examples, in one example, the simulated skeletal muscle material contains SEBS in an amount of 32 parts, SBS in an amount of 6 parts, naphthenic oil in an amount of 38 parts, PP in an amount of 16 parts, calcium powder in an amount of 5.5 parts, and zinc stearate in an amount of 2.5 parts.
In addition, on the basis of the above embodiments, the simulated skeletal muscle material further comprises an appropriate amount of toner. Specifically, the content of the toner can be adjusted as required to adjust the factors such as the color and the chromatic aberration of the simulated skeletal muscle material. Preferably, the high-temperature resistant pigment is selected to ensure the color stability of the simulated skeletal muscle material in the material forming and application processes.
Therefore, in the simulated skeletal muscle material in each embodiment, the SEBS is used as a matrix component, and the SEBS is modified by the SBS and the naphthenic oil and other components, so that the simulated skeletal muscle material has the characteristics of elasticity and touch feeling, and has the knife feeling and the puncture feeling during medical dissection and surgical operation, and is similar to a cadaver specimen and a living body. In addition, the elasticity, touch feeling, knife feeling and puncture feeling of the simulated skeletal muscle material of the embodiment of the invention can be effectively improved by adjusting the content and the types of the components, and simultaneously, the stability of the simulated skeletal muscle material can be effectively improved, the phenomenon of self-dissolving oil is avoided, and the material is easy to color.
In another aspect, embodiments of the present invention provide a method for preparing the simulated skeletal muscle material in the above embodiments. The preparation method of the simulated skeletal muscle material comprises the following steps:
step S01: weighing raw materials of each component according to the components and the content of each component contained in the simulated skeletal muscle material;
step S02: and (4) mixing the raw materials of the components weighed in the step (S01) and plasticating.
Specifically, the ingredients and the contents of the ingredients in the simulated skeletal muscle material in the step S01 are uniform, in one embodiment, the simulated skeletal muscle material contains 31.5 to 32 parts of SEBS, 5.5 to 6 parts of SBS, 37.5 to 38 parts of naphthenic oil, 15.5 to 16 parts of PP, 5 to 5.5 parts of calcium powder, and 2 to 2.5 parts of zinc stearate; in a specific embodiment, the simulated skeletal muscle material comprises 32 parts of SEBS, 6 parts of SBS, 38 parts of naphthenic oil, 16 parts of PP, 5.5 parts of calcium powder and 2.5 parts of zinc stearate. On the basis, the skeletal muscle material can contain a proper amount of toner.
In the step S02, in the process of plasticating after mixing the weighed raw materials of the components, the components can be fully mixed, and simultaneously, under the action of plasticating temperature and pressure, the resin components are melted and plasticized, and the additives such as calcium powder and zinc stearate are uniformly dispersed in the melted resin components and react with the plasticized melted resin components, so as to endow the plasticized simulated skeletal muscle material with bionic properties such as elasticity, touch feeling, knife feeling and puncture feeling. In one embodiment, the temperature of the mastication is controlled to be in the range of 200 ℃ to 270 ℃, such as 230 ℃ in particular. Alternatively, the mastication treatment may be a treatment by means of a screw, such as a twin-screw extruder. Through the control of the plastication treatment temperature, the raw materials of all components are melted and interacted at the temperature, so that the plasticated and molded material has the bionic performance characteristics of elasticity, touch feeling, knife feeling, puncture feeling and the like.
After the step S02, the process may further include cooling and pelletizing the plasticated material for further use.
Therefore, the preparation method of the simulated skeletal muscle material directly mixes and plasticates the components according to the types and the proportions of the components contained in the simulated skeletal muscle material of the embodiment of the invention, so that the components can be fully dispersed and act with each other, and the prepared simulated skeletal muscle material has the characteristics of elasticity, touch feeling, knife feeling and puncture feeling. In addition, the preparation method has easily controlled process, the prepared material has stable performance, and the production cost is effectively reduced.
In another aspect, on the basis of the above-mentioned material for simulating skeletal muscle and the preparation method thereof, the embodiment of the invention also provides an application method of the above-mentioned material for simulating skeletal muscle. The simulated skeletal muscle material has the characteristics of elasticity, touch feeling, knife feeling and puncture feeling, is similar to a cadaver specimen and a living body, has good stability and easy coloring, and the preparation method can ensure the stability of the performance of the material, so the material can be widely used for autopsy for medical teaching and medical clinical surgical training. Use of a simulated skeletal muscle material as described above in simulating anatomical models and specimens. In particular, the simulated anatomical model and specimen are prepared from the simulated skeletal muscle material described above. In one embodiment, the method for preparing the anatomical model and the specimen by using the simulated skeletal muscle material comprises the following steps:
after the above-described artificial skeletal muscle material is subjected to a melting process, an injection molding process and a cooling process are sequentially performed.
The melting treatment of the simulated skeletal muscle material may be a molten state after the simulated skeletal muscle material is plasticated as described above, or may be a process of heat-treating the prepared simulated skeletal muscle material to a molten state. In one embodiment, the temperature of the melt processing may be 200 ℃ to 270 ℃, such as 230 ℃ in particular.
And after the melting treatment, obtaining the molten simulated skeletal muscle material, and then carrying out injection molding treatment on the molten simulated skeletal muscle material. The injection molded mold may be a simulated anatomical model or a biomimetic specimen.
And after the injection molding treatment, carrying out cooling treatment together with the mold. In one embodiment, the cooling process is performed by cooling to a temperature below 100 ℃ at normal temperature, and then cooling to the normal temperature by using a cooling medium. The cooling medium may be a common cooling medium, such as water. And the bionic performance such as elasticity, touch feeling, knife feeling, puncture feeling and the like of the formed simulated anatomical model or the bionic specimen is optimized by controlling the temperature of the cooling treatment.
The simulated anatomical model is the simulated anatomical model shown in fig. 1 and 2. The specimen can be animal or human specimen, or other biological specimen. After the corresponding model or specimen is prepared by adopting the simulated skeletal muscle material, a coating with a corresponding color can be coated on the surface of the model according to the simulated part.
The simulated skeletal muscle material and the preparation method thereof are described in detail with reference to specific examples.
Example 1
The embodiment provides a simulated skeletal muscle material and a preparation method thereof. The simulated skeletal muscle material comprises the following components in parts by weight:
SEBS 32 parts, SBS 6 parts, naphthenic oil 38 parts, PP 16 parts, calcium powder (2000 mesh) 5.5 parts, and zinc stearate 2.5 parts.
The preparation method of the simulated skeletal muscle material comprises the following steps:
s11, weighing raw materials of the components according to the proportion contained in the simulated skeletal muscle material in the embodiment 1;
s12, adding the weighed components into a double-screw extruder, and plasticating, melting and extruding at 230 ℃.
Example 2
The embodiment provides a simulated skeletal muscle material and a preparation method thereof. The simulated skeletal muscle material comprises the following components in parts by weight:
31.5 parts of SEBS, 5.5 parts of SBS, 37.5 parts of naphthenic oil, 15.5 parts of PP, 5.0 parts of calcium powder (2000 meshes) and 2.0 parts of zinc stearate.
The preparation method of the simulated skeletal muscle material comprises the following steps:
s21, weighing raw materials of the components in proportion according to the components contained in the simulated skeletal muscle material in the embodiment 2;
s22, adding the weighed components into a double-screw extruder, and plasticating, melting and extruding at 260 +/-10 ℃.
Example 3
The embodiment provides a simulated skeletal muscle material and a preparation method thereof. The simulated skeletal muscle material comprises the following components in parts by weight:
31.8 parts of SEBS, 5.7 parts of SBS, 37.8 parts of naphthenic oil, 15.8 parts of PP, 5.3 parts of calcium powder (2000 meshes) and 2.2 parts of zinc stearate.
The preparation method of the simulated skeletal muscle material comprises the following steps:
s31, weighing raw materials of the components in proportion according to the components contained in the simulated skeletal muscle material in the embodiment 3;
s32, adding the weighed components into a double-screw extruder, and plasticating, melting and extruding at 210 +/-10 ℃.
Comparative example 1
Provides a simulation material which is an adult product material.
Testing of corresponding Properties
The simulated skeletal muscle materials provided in examples 1 to 3 and the simulated material provided in comparative example 1 were each subjected to the simulation model shown in fig. 1 and 2, and then subjected to the performance test by the following test standards, respectively, and the test methods were evaluated based on the experience of the surgeon. The results of the relevant tests are shown in table 1 below:
TABLE 1
| Performance index | Comparative example 1 | Example 1 | Example 2 | Example 3 |
| Elasticity | Is provided with | Is provided with | Is provided with | Is provided with |
| Sense of touch | Is provided with | Is provided with | Is provided with | Is provided with |
| Knife feeling | Is free of | Is provided with | Is provided with | Is provided with |
| Feeling of puncture | Is free of | Is provided with | Is provided with | Is provided with |
Referring to table 1 above, examples 1-3 were compared to the simulated skeletal muscle material provided in comparative example 1. The simulated skeletal muscle material provided by the embodiment of the invention has the advantages of elasticity, touch feeling, knife feeling and puncture feeling.
The principle and embodiments of the present invention are explained herein by using specific embodiments, the description of the embodiments is only for the purpose of facilitating understanding of the method and the core concept of the present invention, the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. The simulated skeletal muscle material is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight:
wherein the particle size of the calcium powder is 2000 meshes;
the preparation method of the simulated skeletal muscle material comprises the following steps:
weighing raw materials of each component according to the components and the content of each component contained in the simulated skeletal muscle material; mixing the weighed raw materials of the components, and plasticating at the temperature of 200-270 ℃.
2. The simulated skeletal muscle material of claim 1, wherein: the high-temperature-resistant flame-retardant polypropylene composite material comprises, by weight, 32 parts of SEBS, 6 parts of SBS, 38 parts of naphthenic oil, 16 parts of PP, 5.5 parts of calcium powder and 2.5 parts of zinc stearate.
3. Use of the simulated skeletal muscle material of claim 1 or 2 in simulating anatomical models and specimens.
4. Use according to claim 3, characterized in that: the application method of the simulated skeletal muscle material in the simulated anatomical model and specimen is as follows:
and after the simulated skeletal muscle material is subjected to melting treatment, sequentially carrying out injection molding treatment and cooling treatment.
5. Use according to claim 4, characterized in that: the temperature of the melting treatment is 200-270 ℃.
6. Use according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that: the cooling treatment is that the temperature is firstly cooled to below 100 ℃ at normal temperature, and then the cooling medium is used for cooling to the normal temperature.
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