CN106317036B - 一种化合物的柠檬酸共晶体 - Google Patents
一种化合物的柠檬酸共晶体 Download PDFInfo
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- CN106317036B CN106317036B CN201610756147.2A CN201610756147A CN106317036B CN 106317036 B CN106317036 B CN 106317036B CN 201610756147 A CN201610756147 A CN 201610756147A CN 106317036 B CN106317036 B CN 106317036B
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Abstract
本发明涉及(2S,3R,4R,5S,6R)‑2‑(3‑((5‑(4‑氟苯基)噻吩‑2‑基)甲基)‑4‑甲基苯基)‑6‑(羟甲基)四氢‑2H‑吡喃‑3,4,5‑三醇的L‑脯氨酸和柠檬酸共晶体、包含所述共晶体的药物组合物、以及它们在治疗葡萄糖相关失调诸如2型糖尿病和X综合征中的用途。
Description
本申请是申请日为2012年5月9日,申请号为201280022526.9 (PCT/US2012/037062),发明名称为“(2S,3R,4R,5S,6R)-2-(3-((5-(4-氟苯基)噻吩-2-基)甲基)-4-甲基苯基)-6-(羟甲基)四氢-2H-吡喃-3,4,5-三醇的L-脯氨酸和柠檬酸共晶体”的发明专利申请的分案申请。
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求提交于2011年5月9日的美国临时申请61/483,887的权益,其以引用方式全文并入本文。
技术领域
本发明涉及(2S,3R,4R,5S,6R)-2-(3-((5-(4-氟苯基)噻吩-2-基)甲基)-4-甲基苯基)-6-(羟甲基)四氢-2H-吡喃-3,4,5-三醇的L-脯氨酸和柠檬酸共晶体、包含所述共晶体的药物组合物、以及它们在治疗葡萄糖相关失调诸如2型糖尿病和X综合征中的用途。
背景技术
糖尿病是对于存在血糖升高的医学术语。患有糖尿病的人要么不能产生胰岛素,产生太少的胰岛素,要么不能响应胰岛素,从而导致葡萄糖在血液中积累。糖尿病的最常见形式是2型糖尿病,曾被称为成年型糖尿病或非胰岛素依赖型糖尿病(NIDDM),这在成年人的糖尿病中可占据>90%。然而,随着年轻人群变得日益超重或肥胖,2型糖尿病在青少年和儿童中正变得越来越普遍。糖尿病也可涉及妊娠糖尿病、1型糖尿病或自体免疫糖尿病,曾被称为青少年型糖尿病和11/2型糖尿病,也被称为成年人隐匿性自体免疫糖尿病或LADA。糖尿病的发生可能由于不良饮食习惯或缺乏体育活动(例如久坐的生活方式)、基因突变、胰腺损伤、药物(例如AIDS治疗)或化学品(例如甾体化合物)暴露或者疾病(例如囊胞性纤维症、唐氏综合征、库欣氏综合征)。导致糖尿病的两类稀有的基因缺陷被称为青少年的成年发病型糖尿病(MODY)和非典型糖尿病(ADM)。
2型糖尿病(非胰岛素依赖型糖尿病或NIDDM)是一种涉及葡萄糖代谢异常和抗胰岛素性以及长期并发症的代谢失调,所述长期并发症涉及眼睛、肾脏、神经和血管。2型糖尿病通常在成年(中年或之后)发病,并被描述为身体不能制备足够的胰岛素(非正常胰岛素分泌)或者其不能有效利用胰岛素(在靶器官或组织中对胰岛素作用具有抗性)。更具体地讲,患有 2型糖尿病的患者具有相对胰岛素缺乏。也就是说,在这些患者中,血浆胰岛素水平就绝对值而言为正常到高,然而就存在的血浆葡萄糖水平而言比预计的要更低。
2型糖尿病的特征在于下列临床征象或症状:持续升高的血浆葡萄糖浓度或高血糖;多尿;烦渴和/或多食;慢性微血管并发症诸如视网膜病、肾病和神经病变;和大血管并发症诸如高血脂和高血压,其可导致失明、晚期肾病、截肢和心肌梗塞。
X综合征,也被称为抗胰岛素性综合征(IRS)、代谢综合征、或X代谢综合征,是一种显示2型糖尿病和心血管疾病发展的风险因子的失调,包括葡萄糖耐受不良、高胰岛素血症和抗胰岛素性、高甘油三酯血症、高血压和肥胖症。
2型糖尿病的诊断包括症状的评估和对尿液和血液中的葡萄糖的测量。血液葡萄糖水平测定对于确诊而言是必要的。更具体地讲,空腹血液葡萄糖水平测定是所使用的标准方法。然而,口服葡萄糖耐量试验(OGTT)被认为比空腹血液葡萄糖水平更灵敏。2型糖尿病与受损的口服葡萄糖耐量 (OGT)相关。因此,OGTT可有助于2型糖尿病的诊断,尽管这通常不是糖尿病诊断所必需的(EMANCIPATOR K,Am J Clin Pathol 1999年11月;第665-674页,第112卷(5):665-74;Type 2Diabetes Mellitus,Decision Resources Inc.,2000年3月)。OGTT允许对胰β细胞分泌功能和胰岛素敏感性作出估计,这有助于2型糖尿病的诊断并对该疾病的严重性或进展作出评估(例如,CAUMO,A.等人,J Clin Endocrinol Metab,2000,第4396- 4402页,第85卷(11))。更具体地讲,OGTT尤其有助于在具有多个边界空腹血液葡萄糖水平但尚未被诊断为糖尿病的患者确立高血糖的程度。此外,OGTT可用于检测具有2型糖尿病症状的患者,其中非正常碳水化合物代谢的可能性诊断已被明确确立或否定。
因此,葡萄糖耐受性异常可在个体中进行诊断,所述个体的空腹血液葡萄糖水平比2型糖尿病诊断所要求的更低,但在OGTT期间具有介于正常和糖尿病之间的血浆葡萄糖响应。葡萄糖耐受性异常被认为是糖尿病前状况,并且葡萄糖耐受性异常(通过OGTT界定)是2型糖尿病发展的强效预报(HAFFNER,S.M.,Diabet Med,1997年8月;14Suppl 3:S12-8)。
2型糖尿病是进行性疾病,其与胰功能减弱和/或其他与胰岛素相关的过程相关联,并随着血浆葡萄糖水平升高而恶化。因此,2型糖尿病通常具有长期的糖尿病前期阶段,并且多种病理生理机制可导致病态的高血糖和葡萄糖耐受性异常,例如糖尿病前期阶段的葡萄糖利用和有效性、胰岛素作用和/或胰岛素产生异常(GOLDBERG,R.B.,Med Clin North Am,1998年7 月;第805-821页,第82卷(4))。
与葡萄糖耐受不良相关的糖尿病前期阶段也可与腹部肥胖、抗胰岛素性、高血脂和高血压倾向即X综合征相关(GROOP L等人,Am J Hypertens,1997年9月;10(9Pt 2):172S-180S;HAFFNER,S.M.,J Diabetes Complications,1997年3月-4月;第69-76页,第11卷(2);BECK- NIELSEN,H.等人,Diabet Med,1996年9月;13(9Suppl6):S78-84)。
因此,碳水化合物代谢缺陷对2型糖尿病和葡萄糖耐受性异常的发病很关键(DIUNNEEN,S.F.,Diabet Med,1997年8月;14Suppl3:S19- 24)。事实上,存在从葡萄糖耐受性异常和空腹葡萄糖耐受性异常到决定性 2型糖尿病的连续带(RAMLO-HALSTED,B.A.等人,Prim Care,1999年 12月;第771-789页,第26卷(4))。
人们对有风险发展2型糖尿病的个体的早期干预关注于降低病态高血糖或葡萄糖耐受性异常,这种早期干预可防止或延缓向2型糖尿病和相关并发症和/或X综合征的进展。因此,通过有效治疗口服葡萄糖耐量受损和/或高血液葡萄糖水平,人们可以防止或抑制该失调向2型糖尿病或X综合征的进展。
人们对包括2型糖尿病和X综合征在内的葡萄糖失调的典型治疗关注于将血液葡萄糖水平尽可能维持在接近正常,且包括饮食和运动,并且当必要时,用抗糖尿病剂、胰岛素或它们的组合进行治疗。不能通过饮食管理控制的2型糖尿病用口服抗糖尿病剂来治疗,所述口服抗糖尿病剂包括但不限于:磺酰脲类(例如不限于第一代药物:氯磺丙脲、妥拉磺脲、甲苯磺丁脲;第二代药物:格列本脲、格列吡嗪;和第三代药物:格列美脲)、双胍类(例如,二甲双胍)、噻唑烷二酮类(例如,罗格列酮、吡格列酮、曲格列酮)、α-葡糖苷酶抑制剂(例如,阿卡波糖、米格列醇)、格列奈类(例如,瑞格列奈)、其他胰岛素增敏化合物、和/或其他抗肥胖剂(例如,奥利司他或西布曲明)。对于X综合征,抗糖尿病剂另外与治疗伴随的并存病的药理学药剂(例如,对于高血压的降压药、对于高血脂的降血脂药)组合。
一线治疗通常包括二甲双胍和磺酰脲类以及噻唑烷二酮类。二甲双胍单一疗法是一线选择,特别是对于治疗还为肥胖和/或血脂异常的2型糖尿病患者。缺乏对二甲双胍的适当响应通常接着用二甲双胍组合磺酰脲类、噻唑烷二酮类或胰岛素进行治疗。磺酰脲类单一疗法(包括所有代的药物)也是常见的一线选择。另一种一线疗法选择可以是噻唑烷二酮类。对于没有适当响应口服抗糖尿病单一疗法的患者,给予这些药剂的组合。当血糖控制不能单独通过口服抗糖尿病药维持时,胰岛素疗法要么被用作单一疗法,要么与口服抗糖尿病剂组合使用。这些相同的策略,任选与另外的策略(例如抗高血压的)组合,可用于X综合征的治疗。
除了抗糖尿病剂,疗法可包括用抗肥胖剂的附加治疗,所述抗肥胖剂诸如奥利司他,防止脂肪的分解和吸收的胰脂肪酶抑制剂;或西布曲明,厌食剂,以及大脑中血清素、去甲肾上腺素和多巴胺的再摄取抑制剂。其他潜在附加抗肥胖剂包括但不限于:通过肾上腺素能机制起作用的厌食剂,诸如苄非他明、苯甲吗啉、芬特明、二乙胺苯丙酮、马吲哚、西布曲明、苯丙醇胺、或麻黄碱;通过血清素能机制起作用的厌食剂,诸如喹哌嗪、氟西汀、舍曲林、芬氟拉明、或右芬氟拉明;通过多巴胺机制起作用的厌食剂,例如,阿朴吗啡;通过组胺能机制起作用的厌食剂(例如,组胺模拟物、H3 受体调节剂);能量消耗的增强剂,诸如β-3肾上腺素能激动剂和解偶联蛋白功能的刺激物;瘦蛋白及瘦蛋白模拟物;神经肽Y拮抗剂;黑皮素-1、3 和4受体调节剂;胆囊收缩素激动剂;高血糖素样肽-1(GLP-1)模拟物和类似物(例如,艾塞那肽);雄性激素(例如,脱氢表雄甾酮及衍生物诸如 etiocholandione)、睾酮、促蛋白合成甾类(例如,氧雄龙)、以及甾类激素;甘丙肽受体拮抗剂;细胞素剂,诸如睫状神经营养因子;淀粉酶抑制剂;肠抑肽激动剂/模拟物;食欲肽/食欲素拮抗剂;尿皮素拮抗剂;铃蟾肽激动剂;蛋白激酶A的调节剂;促肾上腺皮质激素释放因子模拟物;可卡因及苯丙胺调节转录物模拟物;降钙素基因相关肽模拟物;和脂肪酸合酶抑制剂。
仍对为诸如高葡萄糖水平、2型糖尿病、X综合征等葡萄糖相关失调提供有效的治疗存在着需要。也仍对为还减缓或防止2型糖尿病的进展和/或发展的葡萄糖相关失调提供有效的治疗存在着需要。
发明内容
本发明涉及式(I-X)的化合物的L-脯氨酸共晶体
本发明还涉及式(I-X)的化合物的柠檬酸共晶体
优选地,本发明式(I-X)的化合物的L-脯氨酸和柠檬酸共晶体是结晶状的。本发明还涉及制备式(I-X)的化合物的共晶体的方法,如本文更详细的描述。
本发明的示例是药物组合物,其包含药学上可接受的载体和本文所述的式(I-X)的化合物的共晶体形成物。本发明的示例是通过将本文所述的式(I-X)的化合物的共晶体形成物和药学上可接受的载体混合而制备的药物组合物。本发明示出了制备药物组合物的方法,所述方法包括将本文所述的式 (I-X)的化合物的共晶体形成物和药学上可接受的载体混合。
本发明还涉及治疗和/或预防葡萄糖相关失调的方法,所述方法包括向对其有需要的受试者施用本文所述的结晶状的式(I-X)的化合物的共晶体。
附图说明
图1示出了下列物质的代表性pXRD谱:L-脯氨酸(顶部),式(I-X) 的化合物(底部)和结晶状的式(I-X)的化合物的L-脯氨酸共晶体(中部)。
图2示出了针对结晶状的式(I-X)的化合物的L-脯氨酸共晶体的代表性标峰pXRD谱。
图3示出了下列物质的代表性pXRD谱:柠檬酸(顶部),式(I-X)的化合物(底部)和结晶状的式(I-X)的化合物的柠檬酸共晶体(中部)。
图4示出了针对结晶状的式(I-X)的化合物的柠檬酸共晶体的代表性标峰pXRD谱。
图5示出了针对结晶状的式(1-X)的化合物的L-脯氨酸共晶体的代表性 DSC扫描。
图6示出了针对结晶状的式(I-X)的化合物的柠檬酸共晶体的代表性 DSC扫描。
具体实施方式
本发明涉及式(I-X)的化合物的共晶体
(其也称为(2S,3R,4R,5S,6R)-2-(3-((5-(4-氟苯基)噻吩-2-基)甲基)-4-甲基苯基)-6-(羟甲基)四氢-2H-吡喃-3,4,5-三醇)。更具体地讲,本发明涉及式(I- X)的化合物的L-脯氨酸共晶体;和式(I-X)的化合物的柠檬酸共晶体。在本发明的一个实施例中,式(I-X)的化合物的L-脯氮酸共晶体是结晶状的。在本发明的另一个实施例中,式(I-X)的化合物的柠檬酸共晶体是结晶状的。
式(I-X)的化合物表现出对诸如SGLT2的钠依赖型葡萄糖转运蛋白的抑制活性。式(I-X)的化合物可根据Nomura,S.等人在美国专利公布US 2005/0233988 A1中所公开的方法来制备,该专利公布于2005年10月20 日,其以引用方式并入本文。
本发明还涉及治疗和/或预防葡萄糖相关失调(优选2型糖尿病)的方法,所述方法包括向对其有需要的受试者施用本文所述的式(I-X)的化合物的共晶体。
如本文所用,“*”标号应指示立构中心(stereogenic center)的存在。
在根据本发明的化合物具有至少一个手性中心的情况下,它们可因此以对映体的形式存在。当化合物具有两个或更多个手性中心时,它们可另外作为非对映体存在。应当理解,所有这类异构体及其混合物都涵盖在本发明的范围内。优选地,如果所述化合物作为对映体存在,则对映体以大于或等于约80%的对映体过量、更优选以大于或等于约90%的对映体过量、更优选以大于或等于约95%的对映体过量、还更优选以大于或等于约98%的对映体过量、最优选以大于或等于约99%的对映体过量而存在。类似地,如果化合物作为非对映体存在,则非对映体以大于或等于约80%的非对映体过量、更优选以大于或等于约90%的非对映体过量、还更优选以大于或等于约95%的非对映体过量、还更优选以大于或等于约98%的非对映体过量、最优选以大于或等于约99%的对映体过量而存在。
此外,本发明化合物的一些晶体形式可以多晶型物存在,并且同样旨在包括于本发明中。此外,一些本发明的化合物可与水(即水合物)或普通有机溶剂形成溶剂化物,并且此类溶剂化物也旨在涵盖于本发明的范围中。
除非另有说明,否则本文所用术语“分离的形式”应意指化合物以与和另外化合物形成的任何固体混合物、溶剂体系或生物环境分开的形式存在。本发明的一个实施例中,式(I-X)的化合物的L-脯氨酸共晶体以分离的形式存在。在本发明的另一个实施例中,式(I-X)的化合物的柠檬酸共晶体以分离的形式存在。
除非另有说明,否则本文所用术语“基本上纯的形式”应意指分离的结晶形式中杂质的摩尔百分比小于约5摩尔%,优选小于约2摩尔%,更优选小于约0.5摩尔%,最优选小于约0.1摩尔%。在本发明的一个实施例中,式(I-X)的化合物的L-脯氨酸共晶体以基本上纯的形式存在。在本发明的另一个实施例中,式(I-X)的化合物的柠檬酸共晶体以基本上纯的形式存在。
本发明还涉及治疗和预防(优选地,发展的预防)葡萄糖相关失调的方法,所述方法包括向对其有需要的受试者施用治疗有效量的任一种本文所述的式(I-X)的化合物的共晶体。
本发明的方法涉及“葡萄糖相关失调”的治疗和/或预防(包括进展和发病的延缓)。如本文所用,术语“葡萄糖相关失调”应定义为特征在于或发展为高葡萄糖水平结果的任何失调。葡萄糖相关失调应包括糖尿病、糖尿病性视网膜病、糖尿病性神经病变、糖尿病性肾病、伤口愈合延迟、抗胰岛素性、高血糖、高胰岛素血症、高血液脂肪酸水平、高血液葡萄糖水平、高血脂、肥胖症、高甘油三酯血症、X综合征、糖尿病并发症、动脉粥样硬化、或高血压。特别地,“葡萄糖相关失调”是糖尿病(1型和2型糖尿病等)、糖尿病并发症(如糖尿病性视网膜病、糖尿病性神经病变、糖尿病性肾病)、肥胖症、或餐后高血糖。
在本发明的一个实施例中,葡萄糖相关失调选自糖尿病、糖尿病性视网膜病、糖尿病性神经病变、糖尿病性肾病、伤口愈合延迟、抗胰岛素性、高血糖、高胰岛素血症、高血液脂肪酸水平、高血脂、肥胖症、高甘油三酯血症、X综合征、糖尿病并发症、动脉粥样硬化和高血压。
在本发明的另一个实施例中,葡萄糖相关失调选自1型糖尿病、2型糖尿病、糖尿病性视网膜病、糖尿病性神经病变、糖尿病性肾病、肥胖症和餐后高血糖。在本发明的另一个实施例中,葡萄糖相关失调选自1型糖尿病、 2型糖尿病、糖尿病性视网膜病、糖尿病性神经病变、糖尿病性肾病、肥胖症和伤口愈合延迟。在本发明的另一个实施例中,葡萄糖相关失调选自不良血糖控制、2型糖尿病、X综合征、妊娠糖尿病、抗胰岛素性、高血糖。在本发明的另一个实施例中,葡萄糖相关失调为2型糖尿病。
在另一个实施例中,葡萄糖相关失调选自高葡萄糖水平、糖尿病前期、口服葡萄糖耐量受损、不良血糖控制、2型糖尿病、X综合征(也称为代谢综合征)、妊娠糖尿病、抗胰岛素性和高血糖。
葡萄糖相关失调的治疗可包括降低葡萄糖水平、改善血糖控制、减小抗胰岛素性和/或防止葡萄糖相关失调发展(例如防止患有口服葡萄糖耐量受损或高葡萄糖水平的患者发展成2型糖尿病)。
如本文所用,术语“X综合征”、“代谢综合征”和“X代谢综合征”应意指显示2型糖尿病和心血管疾病发展的风险因子的失调,并且其特征在于抗胰岛素性和高胰岛素血症且可能伴有下列中的一个或多个:(a)葡萄糖耐受不良,(b)2型糖尿病,(c)血脂异常,(d)高血压,以及(e)肥胖症。
除非另有说明,否则本文所用术语“治疗”、“进行治疗”等应包括出于抗击疾病、病症或失调的目的对受试者或患者(优选哺乳动物,更优选人)进行管理和护理,并且包括施用本发明的化合物以预防症状或并发症的发作、减轻症状或并发症或者消除该疾病、病症或失调。
除非另有说明,否则本文所用术语“预防”应包括(a)降低一种或多种症状的频率;(b)降低一种或多种症状的严重程度;(c)延迟或避免额外的症状的发展;和/或(d)延迟或避免失调或病症的发展。
本领域技术人员会认识到,在其中本发明涉及预防方法的情况中,有需要的受试者(即需要进行预防的受试者)应包括任何已经历或表现出所要预防的失调、疾病或病症的至少一种症状的受试者或患者(优选哺乳动物,更优选人)。此外,有需要的受试者还可以是没有表现出要预防的失调、疾病或病症的任何症状,但被内科医生、临床医生或其他医学专业人士认为有发展所述失调、疾病或病症的风险的受试者(优选哺乳动物,更优选人)。例如,由于该受试者的病史,包括但不限于家族史、易患病的体质、共存的失调或病症(同时具有的病态)、遗传测试等,该受试者可被认为有发展失调、疾病或病症的风险(并因此需要预防或预防性治疗)。
如本文所用,术语“受试者”指已成为治疗、观察或试验对象的动物,优选指哺乳动物,最优选指人。优选地,受试者已经历和/或表现出须治疗和/ 或须预防的疾病或失调的至少一种症状。
如本文所用,术语“治疗有效量”意指能在组织系统、动物或人体上引起研究人员、兽医、医生或其他临床医生正在寻求的生物或药物反应(包括所治疗疾病或失调的症状的缓解)的活性化合物或药剂的量。
给药的最佳剂量易于由本领域技术人员确定,并且可随例如给药方式、制剂强度、给药方式和病症的推进而变化。此外,与正在治疗的具体患者相关的因素,包括患者年龄、体重、饮食以及给药时间,将导致需要调节剂量。
本领域技术人员将认识到,使用合适的、已知并被普遍接受的细胞和/ 或动物模型的体内和体外试验都能预见测试化合物或协同疗法治疗或防止给定失调的能力。本领域技术人员还将认识到,在健康患者和/或患有给定疾病的患者中进行的人体临床试验(包括人体首次使用试验、剂量探索试验和疗效试验)可以按照临床和医学领域熟知的方法来完成。
如本文所用,术语“组合物”旨在涵盖包含规定量的规定成分的产品,以及任何通过组合规定量的规定成分而直接或间接得到的产品。
为了提供更简洁的描述,本文中一些定量表述被叙述为约X量至约Y 量的范围。应当理解,当叙述范围时,所述范围并不限制于所叙述的上下界限,而应包括约X量至约Y量的整个范围或它们之间的任何量。
为了提供更准确的描述,本文给出的一些数量表述没有用术语“约”修饰。应当理解,无论是否明确使用术语“约”,本文所给出的每个量意在指实际的给定值,并且其还意在指根据本领域一般技术将可合理推理得到的这些给定值的近似值,包括这些给定值的由实验和/或测量条件所引起的近似值。
合适的溶剂、碱、反应温度及其他反应参数和组分在下文的详细描述中给出。本领域技术人员将认识到所述例子的列举无意于且不应理解为以任何方式限制下文权利要求中阐明的本发明。
本领域技术人员会认识到,如果本发明的反应步骤可以在多种溶剂或溶剂体系中进行,则所述反应步骤也可以在合适的溶剂或溶剂体系的混合物中进行。
如果用于制备根据本发明的化合物的方法产生立体异构体的混合物,则这些异构体可以通过诸如制备色谱之类的常规技术分离。化合物可以外消旋的形式制备,或者个别对映体可通过对映专一性合成或解析制备。例如,化合物可通过标准技术解析成其组分对映体,例如通过与光学活性酸(例如 (-)-二对甲苯酰-D-酒石酸和/或(+)-二对甲苯酰-L-酒石酸)的盐形成作用,之后通过分级结晶并使游离碱再生而形成非对映体对。化合物也可通过非对映的酯或酰胺的形成、之后通过层析分离和手性助剂的移除而解析。或者,所述化合物可使用手性HPLC柱解析。
另外,可用手性HPLC相对于标准品来测定对映体过量百分比 (%ee)。可如下计算对映体过量:
[(R摩尔-S摩尔)/(R摩尔+S摩尔)]×100%
其中R摩尔和S摩尔是混合物中R和S对映体的摩尔份数,使得R摩尔+S 摩尔=1。作为另外一种选择,也可如下所述由所需的对映体和制备的混合物的比旋光度计算对映体过量:
ee=([α-obs]/[α-max])×100。
本发明涉及式(I-X)的化合物的L-脯氨酸共晶体,优选结晶状的式(I-X) 的化合物的L-脯氨酸共晶体。本发明还涉及式(I-X)的化合物的柠檬酸共晶体,优选结晶状的式(I-X)的化合物的柠檬酸共晶体。
结晶状的L-脯氨酸和柠檬酸共晶体的制备:
式(I-X)的化合物的L-脯氨酸和柠檬酸共晶体作为共晶体筛选的部分制备。简而言之,将大约15mg式(I-X)的化合物与大约1摩尔当量的共晶体形成物(分别地为L-脯氨酸或柠檬酸)和10μl溶剂(选自丙酮、乙醇、乙酸异丙酯、甲苯、水)一起加入到48孔研磨块的每个孔中。针对每个共晶体形成物进行六(6)个单独实验(5种溶剂和1个干孔)。使孔经受10分钟球磨研磨,并且紧接着进行pXRD分析。
结晶状的式(I-X)的化合物的L-脯氨酸共晶体另外通过使式(I-X)的化合物(约1g)和L-脯氨酸以1∶1化学计量在丙酮中成浆来制备。
结晶状的式(I-X)的化合物的柠檬酸共晶体另外通过使式(I-X)的化合物 (约1g)和柠檬酸以1∶1化学计量在乙酸异丙酯中热结晶来制备。
L-脯氨酸和柠檬酸共晶体的物理和化学稳定性:
通过在下列条件下将约10mg共晶体储存在10mL血清压盖瓶中来测试结晶状的式(I-X)的化合物的L-脯氨酸共晶体的物理稳定性:(a)5℃,密封的;(b)25℃/60%RH,打开的;(c)40℃,密封的;(d)40℃/75%RH,打开的;(e)60℃,密封的;和(f)80℃,密封的;在第1天、第1周、第2 周和第4周采集稳定性数据。已发现结晶状的式(I-X)的化合物的L-脯氨酸共晶体在所有这些条件下直到4周是物理稳定的,同时无可见的颜色变化。
在第1天、第1周、第2周和第4周取样经物理稳定性测试的结晶状的式(I-X)的化合物的L-脯氨酸共晶体样品来进一步测试化学稳定性/降解。用 50∶50的水∶乙腈溶液(10mL)稀释结晶状的式(I-X)的化合物的L-脯氨酸共晶体(约10mg),然后进一步稀释10倍用于HPLC测量。在第1天、第1 周、第2周和第4周,所有结晶状的L-脯氨酸共晶体样品均呈现化学稳定。没有观察到降解峰,并且所测量的%面积在每个时间点处保持一致。
通过在下列条件下将约10mg共晶体储存在10mL血清压盖瓶中来类似地测试结晶状的式(I-X)的化合物的柠檬酸共晶体的物理稳定性:(a)5℃,密封的;(b)25℃/60%RH,打开的;(c)40℃,密封的;(d)40℃/75%RH,打开的;(e)60℃,密封的;和(f)80℃,密封的;在第1天、第1周、第2 周和第4周采集稳定性数据。已发现结晶状的式(I-X)的化合物的柠檬酸共晶体在所有这些条件下直到4周是物理稳定的,尽管当储存在25℃/60%RH 时,当储存在40℃/75%RH时以及当储存在60℃或80℃时观察到少量的降解(相对于基础峰<0.3%)。
在第1天、第1周、第2周和第4周取样经物理稳定性测试的结晶状的式(I-X)的化合物的柠檬酸共晶体样品来进一步测试化学稳定性/降解。用 50∶50的水∶乙腈溶液(10mL)稀释结晶状的式(I-X)的化合物的柠檬酸共晶体(约10mg),然后进一步稀释10倍用于HPLC测量。在第1天、第1 周、第2周和第4周,当储存在5℃,密封的和40℃,密封的时,所有结晶状的柠檬酸共晶体样品均呈现化学稳定。在第1周、第2周和第4周,储存在25℃/60%RH,打开的样品和储存在60℃,密封的样品观察到小降解峰;尽管这些样品的峰纯度保持>99%。在第1周、第2周和第4周,储存在40℃/75%RH,打开的和80℃,密封的样品也观察到很小降解峰;尽管这些样品的峰纯度也保持>99%。
pXRD、DSC、TGA和DVS测量:
通过粉末X射线衍射(pXRD)、动态扫描量热法(DSC)、热重量分析(TGA)和动态蒸气吸附/解吸(DVS)来进一步表征结晶状的式(I-X)的化合物的L-脯氨酸共晶体和结晶状的式(I-X)的化合物的柠檬酸共晶体。
pXRD:使用配有GADDSTM(一般区域衍射检测系统)的Bruker AXS D8Discover x射线衍射仪,Bruker AXS HI-STAR区域检测器,在15.05cm/ 系统标定的距离,铜源(Cu/Kα ),自动化x-y-z台,和0.5mm准直器来获得粉末X射线粉末衍射图案。将样品压实成粒料形式并且固定在 x-y-z台上。反射模式下设置功率40kV和40mA,同时样品保持固定,在环境条件下采集衍射图。每个样品的暴露时间为大约1分钟。经历空间重测图方法来获得衍射图以说明区域检测器的几何枕形失真,然后以0.02度的步长,沿-118.8至-61.8度的chi和2.1-37度的2θ求积分,设定bin归一化将其归一化。除了使用Jade软件,使用EVA软件观察Bruker机上获得衍射图案。
DSC:称量等分试样的样品放入到铝密封样品盘中。将样品盘加载到设备(Q1000差示扫描量热仪,TA仪器)中,其配有自动取样机。通过以 10℃/min速率从Tmin(通常室温)至Tmax(通常300℃)单独加热样品来获得热谱图,使用空铝密封盘作为对照。干氮被用作样品吹扫气体并且被设定为50ml/min的流量。使用所述仪器提供的分析软件观察并分析热转化。
TGA:将等分试样的样品转移到铂样品盘中。将所述盘放置在加载平台上,然后使用控制软件,将其自动地加载到设备(Q500热重量分析仪, TA仪器)中。通过以10℃/min从Tmin,(通常室温)至Tmax(通常300℃) 在流动干氮下用60ml/min的样品吹扫流量和40ml/min的平衡吹扫流量单独加热样品来获得热谱图。使用所述仪器提供的分析软件观察并分析热转化 (例如重量变化)。
DVS:水分吸附在DVS-1仪器(Surface Measurement Systems, Allentown,PA)上表征。在每个情况下,从环境至0%相对湿度(RH),然后在25℃下10%RH步骤经过吸附(0%RH至90%RH)和解吸(90% RH至0%RH)的2个循环来绘制样品的干燥曲线。允许每个步骤样品在特定%RH下平衡,从而在仪器进行所述方法下一步之前稳定增加的或损失的重量。
结晶状的L-脯氨酸共晶体性质:
通过粉末X射线衍射(pXRD)图案来表征结晶状的式(I-X)的化合物的 L-脯氨酸共晶体;比较共晶体图案与共晶体组分的pXRD图案,更具体地讲,式(I-X)的化合物的pXRD和L-脯氨酸的pXRD。
本文后的图1示出了下列物质的代表性测量的pXRD图案:L-脯氨酸 (顶部),式(I-X)的化合物(底部)和结晶状的式(I-X)的化合物的L-脯氨酸共晶体(中部)。
在一个实施例中,结晶状的式(I-X)的化合物的L-脯氨酸共晶体可通过其粉末X射线衍射图案来表征,该图案包括下表1中列出的峰。
表1:结晶状的式(I-X)的化合物的L-脯氨酸共晶体
优选地,结晶状的式(I-X)的化合物的L-脯氨酸共晶体通过其pXRD图案来表征,该图案包括具有大于或等于约25%的相对强度,优选具有大于或等于约40%的相对强度的峰。
在本发明的另一个实施例中,结晶状的式(I-X)的化合物的L-脯氨酸共晶体可通过下列pXRD峰°2θ来表征:3.74、9.50、10.98、17.78、18.62、 21.94、23.43和26.82;如图2中示出的标峰pXRD谱所示。
结晶状的式(I-X)的化合物的L-脯氨酸共晶体使用差示扫描量热法 (DSC)来进一步表征,以10℃/min从25℃至300℃测量并且发现其表现出188℃的明确熔点,且在180℃较为平缓。
结晶状的式(I-X)的化合物的L-脯氨酸共晶体使用热重量分析(TGA) 来进一步表征,以10℃/min从25℃至300℃测量并且发现其表现出直到180 ℃的1%重量损失(人们认为这是由于残余溶剂的损失),然后进一步直到 280℃的25%重量损失,这对应于1摩尔当量L-脯氨酸的损失。
结晶状的式(I-X)的化合物的L-脯氨酸共晶体使用动态蒸气吸附 (DVS)来进一步表征,在25℃下从0%RH至90%RH(2个全循环)测量。发现了结晶状的式(I-X)的化合物的L-脯氨酸共晶体是吸湿的,尽管直到%RH已达到40%都没有观察到重量增加。在40%RH和90%RH之间,共晶体的质量增加12%,其在测量循环的解吸部分期间是损失的(具有一些滞后)。用该样品观察在DVS运行(在0%RH下分离的)后采集的 pXRD表明没有不可逆形式转化。
结晶状的柠檬酸共晶体性质:
通过粉末X射线衍射(pXRD)图案来表征结晶状的式(I-X)的化合物的柠檬酸共晶体;比较共晶体图案与共晶体组分的pXRD图案,更具体地讲,式(I-X)的化合物的pXRD和柠檬酸的pXRD。
本文后的图3示出了下列物质的代表性测量的pXRD图案:柠檬酸 (顶部),式(I-X)的化合物(底部)和结晶状的式(I-X)的化合物的柠檬酸共晶体(中部)。
在一个实施例中,结晶状的式(I-X)的化合物的柠檬酸共晶体可通过其粉末X射线衍射图案来表征,该图案包括下表2中列出的峰。
表2:结晶状的式(I-X)的化合物的柠檬酸共晶体
优选地,结晶状的式(I-X)的化合物的柠檬酸共晶体通过其pXRD图案来表征,该包括具有大于或等于约5%的相对强度,更优选具有大于或等于约10%的相对强度的峰。
在本发明的另一个实施例中,结晶状的式(I-X)的化合物的柠檬酸共晶体可通过下列pXRD峰°2θ来表征:约4.2、9.16、12.39、16.54、17.69、 19.70、23.63和25.66;如图4中示出的标峰pXRD谱所示。
结晶状的式(I-X)的化合物的柠檬酸共晶体使用差示扫描量热法 (DSC)来进一步表征,以10℃/min从25℃至300℃测量并且发现其表现出156℃单个明确熔点。
结晶状的式(I-X)的化合物的柠檬酸共晶体使用热重量分析(TGA)来进一步表征,以10℃/min从25℃至300℃测量并且发现其表现出直到155℃的0.38%不显著重量损失。人们认为这个重量损失是由于残余溶剂的损失,并且不表明存在水合物形式。
结晶状的式(I-X)的化合物的柠檬酸共晶体使用动态蒸气吸附(DVS) 来进一步表征,在25℃下从0%RH至90%RH(2个全循环)测量。发现了结晶状的式(I-X)的化合物的柠檬酸共晶体是不吸湿的,从0%-80%RH观察到质量渐增0.5%,其质量在解吸时再次损失。用该样品观察在DVS运行 (在0%RH下分离的)后采集pXRD表明没有形式转化。
本发明还包括药物组合物,其包含本文所述的任何结晶状的式(I-X)的化合物共晶体与药学上可接受的载体。可根据常规的药物配混技术,通过将化合物与药用载体紧密混合而制备含有一种或多种本文所述的本发明化合物作为活性成分的药物组合物。取决于所需的给药途径(如口服、肠胃外给药),载体可采取多种形式。因而对于诸如混悬剂、酏剂和溶液剂之类的液体口服制剂,合适的载体和添加剂包括水、二醇、油脂、醇、调味剂、防腐剂、稳定剂、着色剂等;对于固体口服制剂,例如散剂、胶囊剂和片剂,合适的载体和添加剂包括淀粉、糖、稀释剂、粒化剂、润滑剂、粘合剂、崩解剂等。固体口服制剂还可涂覆有诸如糖之类的物质或包覆有肠溶衣,以便调节主要的吸收位点。对于非肠道施用,载体将通常由无菌水组成并且可添加其他成分以增加溶解度或进行防腐。还可利用水性载体连同合适的添加剂制备注射用混悬剂或溶液剂。
为了制备本发明的药物组合物,根据常规的药物配混技术,将作为活性成分的一种或多种本发明组合物与药用载体紧密混合,所述载体取决于给药(如口服给药或诸如肌内给药之类的肠胃外给药)所需的制剂形式可采取多种形式。在制备口服剂型的组合物时,可采用任何常用的药用介质。因而,对于液体口服制剂例如混悬剂、酏剂和溶液剂,合适的载体和添加剂包括水、二醇类、油脂、醇类、调味剂、防腐剂、着色剂等;对于固体口服制剂例如散剂、胶囊剂、小胶囊剂、软胶囊剂和片剂,合适的载体和添加剂包括淀粉、糖、稀释剂、粒化剂、润滑剂、粘合剂、崩解剂等。由于其在给药方面的方便性,片剂和胶囊剂代表了最有利的口服单位剂型,在该情形中显然采用固体药用载体。如果需要,片剂可通过标准的技术包糖衣或包肠溶衣。对于肠胃外给药剂型,载体将通常包含无菌水,但还可包含其他成分,例如用于诸如帮助溶解或防腐之类的目的。还可以制备注射用混悬剂,在该情形中,可以采用合适的液态载体、助悬剂等。本文的药物组合物每剂量单位(如每片、每粒胶囊、每份散剂、每支注射剂、每茶匙等)将含有为递送上述有效剂量所需的活性成分的量。本文的药物组合物每单元剂量单位(例如,每片、每粒胶囊、每份散剂、每支注射剂、每支栓剂、每茶匙等)将会包含约0.1至约1000mg或其中的任何量或范围,并且可以约0.01至约 500mg/kg/天或其中的任何量或范围,优选约0.5至约100mg/kg/天或其中的任何量或范围的剂量给药。然而,取决于患者的要求、正在治疗的病症的严重性和所采用的化合物,剂量可以变化。可采用每日给药或周期后给药 (post-periodic dosing)。
优选地,这些组合物为单位剂型,例如片剂、丸剂、胶囊剂、散剂、粒剂、肠胃外用无菌溶液剂或混悬剂、计量气雾剂或液体喷雾剂、滴剂、安瓿剂、自动注射装置或栓剂;用于肠胃外经口施用、鼻内给药、舌下或直肠给药,或用于经吸入或吹入给药。或者,组合物可以适用于每周一次或每月一次给药的形式存在;例如所述活性化合物的不溶性盐,如癸酸盐,可适于提供用于肌内注射的贮库型制剂(depot preparation)。为制备诸如片剂之类的固体组合物,将主要的活性成分与药用载体(如常规的制片成分,例如玉米淀粉、乳糖、蔗糖、山梨醇、滑石粉、硬脂酸、硬脂酸镁、磷酸二钙或树胶)以及其他药用稀释剂(如水)混合,以形成含有本发明化合物或其药用盐的均匀混合物的固体预配制组合物。当将这些预配制组合物称为均匀时,其意指活性成分在整个组合物中均匀分散,使得该组合物可容易细分成诸如片剂、丸剂和胶囊剂之类的等效剂型。然后将该固体制剂组合物细分成含有 0.01至约1,000mg或者其中的任何量或范围的本发明活性成分的上述类型的单位剂量形式。可将该新组合物的片剂或丸剂进行涂覆或以别的方式配混,以得到能提供长效优点的剂型。例如,片剂或丸剂可包含内部剂量组分和外部剂量组分,后者为覆盖前者的包层的形式。这两种组分可由肠溶层分开,该肠溶层起到防止在胃中崩解的作用,从而使内部组分完整地进入十二指肠或得以延迟释放。有多种材料可用于此类肠溶层或包衣,此类材料包括与诸如紫胶、鲸蜡醇和醋酸纤维素之类的材料一起的多种聚合酸材料。
可掺入本发明新组合物用于口服或注射给药的液体制剂包括水溶液剂、适当调味的糖浆剂、水性或油性混悬剂和用可食用油(棉籽油、芝蔴油、椰子油或花生油)调味的乳剂,以及酏剂和类似药用溶媒。适用于水性混悬剂的合适分散剂或悬浮剂包括合成胶或天然胶(例如黄蓍胶、阿拉伯树胶、藻酸盐、葡聚糖、羧甲基纤维素钠、甲基纤维素、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮或明胶)。
本发明所述的治疗葡萄糖相关失调的方法也可使用药物组合物,其包含本文所定义的任何化合物和药学上可接受的载体。所述药物组合物可包含约 0.01mg和约1000mg之间的化合物或其中的任何量或范围;优选约0.1mg至约500mg的化合物,并且可构成任何适于所选的给药方式的形式。载体包括必要的和惰性的药用赋形剂,包括但不限于粘合剂、混悬剂、润滑剂、香味剂、甜味剂、防腐剂、染料和包衣材料。适用于口服给药的组合物包括固体形式,例如丸剂、片剂、小胶囊剂、胶囊剂(各包括速释型、定时释放型和持续释放型)、粒剂和散剂;以及液体形式,如溶液剂、糖浆剂、酏剂、乳剂和混悬剂。可用于肠胃外给药的形式包括无菌溶液剂、乳剂和混悬剂。
有利的是,本发明的组合物可以单次日剂量给药,或总的日剂量可以每日两次、三次或四次的分剂量给药。此外,本发明的化合物可通过局部使用合适的鼻内溶媒以鼻内形式给药,或通过本领域普通技术人员所熟知的透皮药贴剂给药。以透皮递送系统的形式施用,在整个给药方案中剂量施用将当然是连续的而不是间断的。
例如,对于以片剂或胶囊剂形式口服来说,可以将活性药物组分与口服、无毒性的药用惰性载体(例如乙醇、甘油、水等)组合。此外,在希望或必要时,也可将合适的粘合剂、润滑剂、崩解剂和着色剂掺入混合物中。合适的崩解剂包括但不限于淀粉、明胶、天然糖类(例如葡萄糖或β-乳糖)、玉米甜味剂、天然的和合成的树胶(例如阿拉伯树胶、黄蓍胶)或油酸钠、硬脂酸钠、硬脂酸镁、苯甲酸钠、乙酸钠、氯化钠等。崩解剂包括但不限于淀粉、甲基纤维素、琼脂、膨润土、黄原胶等。
液体形式为经适当调味的助悬剂或分散剂,如合成和天然胶,例如黄蓍胶、阿拉伯树胶、甲基纤维素等。对于肠胃外给药,无菌混悬剂和溶液剂是期望的。当需要进行静脉内给药时,采用通常含有合适的防腐剂的等渗制剂。
为了制备本发明的药用组合物,根据常规的药物配混技术,将式(I)的化合物与药用载体紧密混合,取决于期望施用(如口服或肠胃外施用)的制剂形式,该载体可采取各种各样的形式。合适的药学上可接受的载体是本领域所熟知的。对某些这类药学上可接受的载体的描述可在美国药学协会和英国药学会的The Handbook of Pharmaceutical Excipients中找到。
配制药物组合物的方法已经在许多出版物中有所描述,例如Marcel Dekker公司出版的Lieberman等人编辑的Pharmaceutical Dosage Forms:Tablets,第二版,修订和扩展版本,第1-3卷;Avisl等人编辑的Pharmaceutical Dosage Forms:Parenteral Medications,第1-2卷;以及 Liebennan等人编辑的Pharmaceutical Dosage Forms: Disperse Systems,第1- 2卷。
每当需要葡萄糖相关治疗,本发明的结晶状的式(I-X)的化合物的共晶体可以任何前述组合物施用且按照本领域中建立的剂量服法给药。
产品的日剂量可以在每个成人每日约0.01至约1000mg的宽范围内变化,或在其中的任何量或范围内变化。对于口服给药,组合物优选含有 0.01、0.05、0.1、0.5、1.0、2.5、5.0、10.0、15.0、25.0、50.0、100、150、 200、250和500毫克的活性成分的片剂形式,根据待治疗患者的症状调节剂量。
优选地,将结晶状的式(I-X)的化合物共晶体以每天每千克体重约0.01mg 至约500mg,或每天每千克体重0.01mg至约200mg或其中的任何量或范围的剂量水平施用。优选地,该范围为每天每千克体重约0.01至约50mg或其中的任何量或范围,更优选约0.05mg至约10mg或其中的任何量或范围,更优选每天每千克体重约1至约5mg或其中的任何量或范围。在一个实施例中,有效量的结晶状的式(I-X)的化合物的共晶体以10mg、25mg、50mg、100mg、 150mg或300mg或其中的任何量或范围的剂量水平提供。结晶状的式(I-X)的化合物的共晶体可以每天1至4次的服法施用。
本领域技术人员可容易地确定待施用的最佳剂量,并且最佳剂量将随所使用的具体化合物、施用方式、制剂强度、施用方式和疾病状况的进展而变化。此外,与正在治疗的具体患者相关的因素,包括患者年龄、体重、饮食以及施用时间,将导致需要调节剂量。
本领域技术人员将认识到,使用合适的、已知的且普遍接受的细胞和/ 或动物模型的体内和体外实验均能预测试验化合物治疗或预防给定疾病的能力。
本领域技术人员还将认识到,在健康患者和/或患有给定疾病的患者中进行的人体临床试验(包括人体首次使用试验、剂量探索试验和疗效试验) 可以按照临床和医学领域熟知的方法来完成。
以下实例是为了帮助理解本发明而给出,并不意在且不应该被解释为以任何方式限制实例后面的权利要求书中所涉及的本发明。
实例1
结晶状的式(I-X)的化合物的L-脯氨酸共晶体
将式(I-X)的化合物(100mg)与L-脯氨酸(26.30mg)(1:1.1摩尔当量 API:CCF)、研磨球和丙酮(20μl)一起加入到wig-L-bug瓶中。使wig-L- bug经受10分钟研磨。碾磨之后,通过pXRD确认了回收的固体为所期望结晶状的式(I-X)的化合物的L-脯氨酸共晶体。
实例2
结晶状的式(I-X)的化合物的L-脯氨酸共晶体
将式(I-X)的化合物(50.18mg)与L-脯氨酸(13.15mg)(1∶1.1摩尔当量API∶CCF)一起加入到4ml锥形瓶中,然后加入丙酮(2mL)。将加盖的瓶用热风枪简单加热。从溶液中迅速沉淀出白色固体物质,并且收集且通过 pXRD确认了该物质为所期望结晶状的式(I-X)的化合物的L-脯氨酸共晶体。
实例3
结晶状的式(I-X)的化合物的柠檬酸共晶体
将式(I-X)的化合物(100mg)与柠檬酸(43.83mg)(1∶1.1摩尔当量 API∶CCF)、研磨球和乙酸异丙酯(20μl)一起加入到wig-L-bug瓶中。使 wig-L-bug经受10分钟研磨。碾磨之后,通过pXRD确认了回收的固体为所期望结晶状的式(I-X)的化合物的柠檬酸共晶体。
实例4
结晶状的式(I-X)的化合物的柠檬酸共晶体
将式(I-X)的化合物(50.72mg)与柠檬酸(21.83mg)(1∶1.1摩尔当量 API∶CCF)一起加入到4ml锥形瓶中,然后加入乙酸异丙酯(1mL)。将加盖的瓶用热风枪加热至固体物质完全溶解。冷却时观察无结晶形成,将盖子打开并且允许溶剂缓慢蒸发。2天后(溶剂减少大约20%后),将所期望物质的晶种加入到饱和溶液中,并且在几小时内沉淀出白色固体晶状物质。通过pXRD确认了所分离的物质为结晶状的式(I-X)的化合物的柠檬酸共晶体。
实例5
固体口服剂型-假想例实例
作为口服组合物的具体实施例,将100mg结晶状的式(I-X)的化合物的 L-脯氨酸共晶体(如本文所述制备)与足够细分的乳糖配制来提供580至 590mg的总量以填充O形硬胶囊。
实例6
固体口服剂型-假想例实例
作为口服组合物的具体实施例,将100mg结晶状的式(I-X)的化合物的柠檬酸共晶体(如本文所述制备)与足够细分的乳糖配制来提供580至 590mg的总量以填充O形硬胶囊。
尽管上述说明书以提供实例用于说明目的的方式教授了本发明的原理,但应当理解,本发明的实践涵盖了在下列权利要求及其等同形式范围内的所有常见变型形式、改变形式和/或修改形式。
Claims (4)
1.一种式(I-X)的化合物的柠檬酸共晶体的晶型
(I-X),
其包括下列pXRD峰°2θ:4.2、9.16、12.39、16.54、17.69、19.70、23.63和25.66。
2.根据权利要求1所述的柠檬酸共晶体的晶型,其具有表2中列出的pXRD峰°2θ。
3.根据权利要求1所述的柠檬酸共晶体的晶型,其具有图4中列出的pXRD峰°2θ。
4.根据权利要求1所述的柠檬酸共晶体的晶型,其中所述共晶体表现出通过DSC测得的约156℃的熔点。
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