CN105384318B - A kind of hardening and tempering method that printing and dyeing sludge is controlled to mix the heavy metal pollution for burning engineering - Google Patents
A kind of hardening and tempering method that printing and dyeing sludge is controlled to mix the heavy metal pollution for burning engineering Download PDFInfo
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- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 66
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 238000004043 dyeing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 238000005496 tempering Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 8
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 abstract description 21
- 239000010908 plant waste Substances 0.000 abstract description 18
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 abstract description 16
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 14
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- 230000003750 conditioning effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 3
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 4
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumane Chemical class [AlH3] AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium sulfate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000383 hazardous chemical Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007790 solid phase Substances 0.000 description 2
- HGUFODBRKLSHSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3,7,8-tetrachloro-dibenzo-p-dioxin Chemical compound O1C2=CC(Cl)=C(Cl)C=C2OC2=C1C=C(Cl)C(Cl)=C2 HGUFODBRKLSHSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000005995 Aluminium silicate Substances 0.000 description 1
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910019440 Mg(OH) Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009621 Solvay process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012211 aluminium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052785 arsenic Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RQNWIZPPADIBDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N arsenic atom Chemical compound [As] RQNWIZPPADIBDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002734 clay mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010344 co-firing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000701 coagulant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005345 coagulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000015271 coagulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011038 discontinuous diafiltration by volume reduction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 1
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron oxide Inorganic materials [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052745 lead Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011133 lead Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 description 1
- VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Mg+2] VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000000347 magnesium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001862 magnesium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 description 1
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NDLPOXTZKUMGOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoferriooxy)iron hydrate Chemical compound O.O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O NDLPOXTZKUMGOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004065 wastewater treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/30—Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Treatment Of Sludge (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种控制印染污泥掺烧工程的重金属污染的调质处理方法。按质量分数计，碱厂废渣1～3％、净水污泥1～3％、印染污泥5～15％和煤81～92％，将碱厂废渣、净水污泥、印染污泥和煤按照上述含量混合均匀，然后放入锅炉中作为燃料焚烧处理。本发明利用碱厂废渣高含钙量、净水污泥高含铝量的特性，利用其在焚烧过程中对重金属的吸附、捕获特性，将二种废弃物作为印染污泥掺煤焚烧过程的调质药剂，可明显提高焚烧过程中重金属在炉渣上的残留率，从而减轻焚烧过程尾气和飞灰中的重金属的二次污染。本发明方法同时实现二种废弃物的再利用。The invention discloses a quenching and tempering treatment method for controlling heavy metal pollution in a printing and dyeing sludge mixed burning project. In terms of mass fraction, 1-3% of alkali plant waste residue, 1-3% of water purification sludge, 5-15% of printing and dyeing sludge and 81-92% of coal, the alkali plant waste residue, water purification sludge, printing and dyeing sludge and The coal is mixed evenly according to the above content, and then put into the boiler as fuel for incineration. The present invention utilizes the characteristics of high calcium content in alkali plant waste residue and high aluminum content in water purification sludge, as well as its adsorption and capture characteristics for heavy metals in the incineration process, and uses the two types of waste as the incineration process of printing and dyeing sludge mixed with coal. The conditioning agent can significantly increase the residual rate of heavy metals on the slag during the incineration process, thereby reducing the secondary pollution of heavy metals in the tail gas and fly ash during the incineration process. The method of the invention simultaneously realizes the reuse of two kinds of wastes.
Description
技术领域：Technical field:
本发明属于环保技术领域，具体涉及一种控制印染污泥掺烧工程的重金属污染的调质处理方法。The invention belongs to the technical field of environmental protection, and in particular relates to a quenching and tempering treatment method for controlling heavy metal pollution in a printing and dyeing sludge co-firing project.
背景技术：Background technique:
印染废水处理产生大量污泥，污泥成分复杂，通常含有铜、锌、镍、铬、砷等重金属元素，具有较大环境危害。印染污泥处置是目前印染行业面临的难题。污泥处置方法主要是填埋、焚烧。随着人们对其环境危害性的认识，填埋处理由于受到土地限制以及二次污染风险的难以控制，逐步受到限制甚至禁止，各地鼓励焚烧处理。焚烧处理可最大限度地实现减量、减容，同时焚烧过程产生的能量可进行回收利用。大部分规模印染企业建有热电站，利用企业原有设施，采用掺煤焚烧的方法处置印染污泥，具有极大技术经济性。但印染污泥掺煤焚烧这种处置方法，会产生二次污染，最受关注的主要是尾气及飞灰中重金属污染和二噁英污染。印染污泥中在掺煤焚烧过程中重金属的归宿，一是被固定在残渣(炉渣)中，二是迁移并固定在飞灰中，三是随废气或飞灰扩散到大气。从控制掺煤焚烧过程重金属二次污染的角度，要尽可能提高重金属的固定残留率(即尽可能固定在炉渣中)，从而减少废气和飞灰中的重金属。污泥焚烧过程中重金属的迁移分配，与重金属的种类、赋存形态、焚烧温度、时间等多种复杂因素有关。在污泥中加入添加剂，通过吸附、凝结、化学反应机制改变焚烧过程中重金属的迁移分配，从而提高重金属残留固定率，这种方法近年来有一些研究，例如添加石灰、高岭土到城市污水厂污泥，提高焚烧过程中的重金属残留率，但仍存在成本较高、重金属残留率提高幅度有限等缺点，因此这种方法仍在不断研究改进中。Printing and dyeing wastewater treatment produces a large amount of sludge with complex components, usually containing heavy metal elements such as copper, zinc, nickel, chromium, arsenic, etc., which has great environmental hazards. The disposal of printing and dyeing sludge is a difficult problem faced by the printing and dyeing industry at present. Sludge disposal methods are mainly landfill and incineration. With people's awareness of its environmental hazards, landfill treatment is gradually restricted or even banned due to land restrictions and the difficulty of secondary pollution risks, and incineration treatment is encouraged in various places. Incineration treatment can achieve maximum volume reduction and capacity reduction, and at the same time, the energy generated in the incineration process can be recycled. Most of the large-scale printing and dyeing enterprises have built thermal power plants, and use the original facilities of the enterprises to dispose of printing and dyeing sludge by incineration with coal, which has great technical and economical efficiency. However, the disposal method of printing and dyeing sludge mixed with coal incineration will produce secondary pollution, and the most concerned ones are the heavy metal pollution and dioxin pollution in the tail gas and fly ash. The fate of heavy metals in printing and dyeing sludge during coal-mixed incineration is firstly fixed in the residue (slag), secondly migrated and fixed in fly ash, and thirdly diffuses into the atmosphere with exhaust gas or fly ash. From the perspective of controlling the secondary pollution of heavy metals in the process of coal-mixed incineration, it is necessary to increase the fixed residual rate of heavy metals as much as possible (that is, to fix them in the slag as much as possible), so as to reduce the heavy metals in waste gas and fly ash. The migration and distribution of heavy metals in the process of sludge incineration is related to many complex factors such as the types of heavy metals, their storage forms, incineration temperature, and time. Adding additives to sludge can change the migration and distribution of heavy metals during incineration through adsorption, coagulation, and chemical reaction mechanisms, thereby increasing the fixation rate of heavy metal residues. This method has been studied in recent years, such as adding lime and kaolin to urban sewage plant sewage. Mud can increase the heavy metal residual rate in the incineration process, but there are still disadvantages such as high cost and limited increase in heavy metal residual rate, so this method is still being researched and improved.
发明内容：Invention content:
本发明的目的是提供一种能提高印染污泥焚烧过程中重金属在炉渣上的残留率，从而减轻焚烧过程尾气和飞灰中的重金属污染的控制印染污泥掺烧工程的重金属污染的调质处理方法。The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of conditioning and tempering that can improve the residual rate of heavy metals on the slag during the incineration of printing and dyeing sludge, thereby reducing the heavy metal pollution in the tail gas and fly ash of the incineration process and controlling the heavy metal pollution of the printing and dyeing sludge blending project Approach.
本发明的控制印染污泥掺烧工程的重金属污染的调质处理方法，包括以下步骤：The quenching and tempering treatment method of the heavy metal pollution of the control printing and dyeing sludge blending project of the present invention comprises the following steps:
按质量分数计，碱厂废渣1～3％、净水污泥1～3％、印染污泥5～15％和煤81～92％，将碱厂废渣、净水污泥、印染污泥和煤按照上述含量混合均匀，然后放入锅炉中作为燃料焚烧处理。In terms of mass fraction, 1-3% of alkali plant waste residue, 1-3% of water purification sludge, 5-15% of printing and dyeing sludge and 81-92% of coal, the alkali plant waste residue, water purification sludge, printing and dyeing sludge and The coal is mixed evenly according to the above content, and then put into the boiler as fuel for incineration.
所述的放入锅炉中作为燃料焚烧处理优选是作为热电站锅炉燃料焚烧处理。The said putting into the boiler as fuel incineration treatment is preferably as thermal power plant boiler fuel incineration treatment.
控制锅炉炉膛温度为900-1000℃。Control the boiler furnace temperature to 900-1000°C.
所述的碱厂废渣为氨碱法纯碱厂废渣(经自然干化后，总含水率小于35％，固相主要成分(重量百分比)：碳酸钙(CaCO3)大于35％；硫酸钙(CaSO4)大于2％，氢氧化镁(Mg(OH)2)大于5％；三氧化二铁(Fe2O3)大于0.5％；三氧化二铝(Al2O3)大于2％；二氧化硅(SiO2)大于3％)。Described soda plant waste residue is ammonia soda process soda plant waste residue (after natural drying, the total water content is less than 35%, and the main components of the solid phase (percentage by weight): calcium carbonate (CaCO 3 ) is greater than 35%; calcium sulfate (CaSO 4 ) greater than 2%, magnesium hydroxide (Mg(OH) 2 ) greater than 5%; ferric oxide (Fe 2 O 3 ) greater than 0.5%; aluminum oxide (Al 2 O 3 ) greater than 2%; Silicon (SiO 2 ) greater than 3%).
所述的净水污泥就是自来水厂净水处理产生的污泥(该污泥是以铝盐为混凝剂产生的净水污泥。经脱水干化后，总含水量含水率小于35％，其固相主要由粘土矿物、有机质以及铝盐组成，其中铝含量大于5％)。Described water purification sludge is exactly the sludge that water purification treatment produces in waterworks (this sludge is the water purification sludge that takes aluminum salt as coagulant to produce. After dehydration drying, total water content moisture content is less than 35% , its solid phase is mainly composed of clay minerals, organic matter and aluminum salts, wherein the aluminum content is greater than 5%).
所述的印染污泥是印染废水处理产生的污泥(经脱水干化以后，含水率小于35％)。The printing and dyeing sludge is the sludge generated from the treatment of printing and dyeing wastewater (after dehydration and drying, the water content is less than 35%).
本发明利用碱厂废渣高含钙量、净水污泥高含铝量的特性，利用其在焚烧过程中对重金属的吸附、捕获特性，将二种废弃物作为印染污泥掺煤焚烧过程的调质药剂，可明显提高焚烧过程中重金属在炉渣上的残留率，从而减轻焚烧过程尾气和飞灰中的重金属的二次污染。本发明方法同时实现二种废弃物的再利用。The present invention utilizes the characteristics of high calcium content in alkali plant waste residue and high aluminum content in water purification sludge, as well as its adsorption and capture characteristics for heavy metals in the incineration process, and uses the two types of waste as the incineration process of printing and dyeing sludge mixed with coal. The conditioning agent can significantly increase the residual rate of heavy metals on the slag during the incineration process, thereby reducing the secondary pollution of heavy metals in the tail gas and fly ash during the incineration process. The method of the invention simultaneously realizes the reuse of two kinds of wastes.
具体实施方式：Detailed ways:
以下实施例是对本发明的进一步说明，而不是对本发明的限制。The following examples are to further illustrate the present invention, rather than limit the present invention.
实施例1：Example 1:
按质量分数计，碱厂废渣3％、净水污泥1％、印染污泥15％和煤81％，将碱厂废渣、净水污泥、印染污泥和煤按照上述含量混合均匀后作为热电站链式锅炉燃料焚烧处理。控制锅炉炉膛温度900～1000℃，得到炉渣。In terms of mass fraction, 3% of alkali plant waste residue, 1% of water purification sludge, 15% of printing and dyeing sludge and 81% of coal, mix the alkali plant waste residue, water purification sludge, printing and dyeing sludge and coal according to the above contents evenly as Thermal power station chain boiler fuel incineration treatment. Control the boiler furnace temperature to 900-1000°C to obtain slag.
实施例2：Example 2:
按质量分数计，碱厂废渣1％、净水污泥3％、印染污泥15％和煤81％，将碱厂废渣、净水污泥、印染污泥和煤按照上述含量混合均匀后作为热电站链式锅炉燃料焚烧处理。控制锅炉炉膛温度900～1000℃，得到炉渣。In terms of mass fraction, 1% of alkali plant waste residue, 3% of water purification sludge, 15% of printing and dyeing sludge and 81% of coal, mix the alkali plant waste residue, water purification sludge, printing and dyeing sludge and coal according to the above contents evenly as Thermal power station chain boiler fuel incineration treatment. Control the boiler furnace temperature to 900-1000°C to obtain slag.
实施例3：Example 3:
按质量分数计，碱厂废渣2％、净水污泥1％、印染污泥5％和煤92％，将碱厂废渣、净水污泥、印染污泥和煤按照上述含量混合均匀后作为热电站链式锅炉燃料焚烧处理。控制锅炉炉膛温度900～1000℃，得到炉渣。In terms of mass fraction, 2% of alkali plant waste residue, 1% of water purification sludge, 5% of printing and dyeing sludge and 92% of coal, the alkali plant waste residue, water purification sludge, printing and dyeing sludge and coal are mixed evenly according to the above contents and used as Thermal power station chain boiler fuel incineration treatment. Control the boiler furnace temperature to 900-1000°C to obtain slag.
对以上不同工况下的重金属污染排放情况进行检测。The discharge of heavy metal pollution under the above different working conditions was detected.
为与不添加碱厂废渣、净水污泥进行调质的情况做比较，对常规掺煤焚烧工况(不进行污泥调质)的重金属污染物排放也进行检测。常规掺煤焚烧工况如下，印染污泥与煤混合比例(重量百分比)：印染污泥15％；煤85％。混合均匀后作为热电站链式锅炉燃料。控制锅炉炉膛温度900～1000℃，得到炉渣。In order to compare with the condition of conditioning without adding alkali plant waste slag and water purification sludge, the heavy metal pollutant emission of the conventional coal-blended incineration condition (without sludge conditioning) was also tested. The conventional coal-mixed incineration working conditions are as follows, the mixing ratio (percentage by weight) of printing and dyeing sludge to coal: 15% of printing and dyeing sludge; 85% of coal. After being mixed evenly, it can be used as the fuel for chain boilers in thermal power stations. Control the boiler furnace temperature to 900-1000°C to obtain slag.
表1 为碱厂废渣、净水污泥、印染污泥、煤中原始的重金属含量。Table 1 shows the original heavy metal content in alkali plant waste residue, water purification sludge, printing and dyeing sludge, and coal.
表1 印染污泥/煤/碱厂废渣/净水污泥中的原始重金属含量(mg/kg)Table 1 Original heavy metal content in printing and dyeing sludge/coal/alkali plant waste residue/water purification sludge (mg/kg)
从表1可见，在碱厂废渣中，仅检出微量Zn；在净水污泥中仅检出微量的Cu、Cr、Zn；与印染污泥、煤中重金属污染相比，可忽略不计。It can be seen from Table 1 that only a trace amount of Zn was detected in the waste residue of the alkali plant; only a trace amount of Cu, Cr, and Zn were detected in the water purification sludge; compared with the heavy metal pollution in printing and dyeing sludge and coal, it is negligible.
为评价污泥调质处理后，对重金属迁移分配和控制的影响，按以下计算公式定义重金属残留率，C1为印染污泥中重金属含量(mg/kg)；m1为印染污泥重量；C2为燃煤中重金属含量(mg/kg)；m2为燃煤重量；C3为污泥掺煤焚烧后炉渣中重金属含量(mg/kg)；m3为炉渣的重量。In order to evaluate the influence of sludge conditioning treatment on the distribution and control of heavy metal migration, the heavy metal residual rate is defined according to the following formula, C 1 is the heavy metal content in printing and dyeing sludge (mg/kg); m 1 is the weight of printing and dyeing sludge; C 2 is the heavy metal content in coal combustion ( mg /kg); m 2 is the weight of coal combustion; Heavy metal content in slag after coal incineration (mg/kg); m3 is the weight of slag.
表2为实施例1、实施例2、实施例3、以及常规掺煤焚烧工况条件下重金属在炉渣上的残留率。Table 2 shows the residual rate of heavy metals on the slag under the working conditions of Example 1, Example 2, Example 3, and conventional coal-blended incineration.
表2 重金属在炉渣上的残留率(％)Table 2 Residual rate of heavy metals on slag (%)
从表2可以看出，①与常规掺煤焚烧工况相比，添加碱厂废渣、净水污泥调质以后，可明显提高焚烧过程中重金属在炉渣上的残留率，从而减轻焚烧过程尾气和飞灰中的重金属污染。②提高碱厂废渣的添加比例，对提高Pb、Cu、Ni的残留率效果更有效；提高净水污泥添加比例，对提高Cr、Cd、Zn的残留率效果更显著。It can be seen from Table 2 that, ①Compared with conventional coal-mixed incineration conditions, adding soda plant waste slag and water purification sludge for conditioning can significantly increase the residual rate of heavy metals on the slag during incineration, thereby reducing the tail gas in the incineration process and heavy metal pollution in fly ash. ②It is more effective to increase the residual rate of Pb, Cu and Ni by increasing the addition ratio of waste residue from the alkali plant; it is more effective to increase the residual rate of Cr, Cd and Zn by increasing the addition ratio of water purification sludge.
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